WO1997045631A1 - Verfahren zur umwandlung von energie und vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zur umwandlung von energie und vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997045631A1 WO1997045631A1 PCT/EP1997/002827 EP9702827W WO9745631A1 WO 1997045631 A1 WO1997045631 A1 WO 1997045631A1 EP 9702827 W EP9702827 W EP 9702827W WO 9745631 A1 WO9745631 A1 WO 9745631A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- flow channel
- flow
- pressure
- valve
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
- F02C1/10—Closed cycles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/02—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using exhaust-gas pressure in a pressure exchanger to compress combustion-air
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for converting energy and to an apparatus for carrying out the method (thermodynamic converter).
- thermodynamic converter according to the invention belongs to the category of heat engines.
- Thermal engines always need a temperature difference to convert heat into mechanical energy. Therefore, they need large amounts of primary energy sources, such as: mineral oil products, coal or natural gas, to function.
- primary energy sources such as: mineral oil products, coal or natural gas
- the resources of these energy sources are limited and their use causes major environmental problems.
- the general problem is. unsatisfactory efficiency of known heat engines.
- the method according to the invention for converting energy is characterized by the following steps: expansion of a gaseous medium from a first region into at least one further region by Flow channel in such a way that a gas flow arises within the flow channel, interrupting the flow by means of a closing device or another suitable device of the flow channel in such a way that a compression wave or a shock wave is generated which propagates against the flow, the front of the closing device pent-up gas during this process has a pressure which is wholly or partly above the static pressure of the gas before its expansion in the first region, and introducing a part of the pent-up gas through a check valve or another suitable valve into a separate pipeline, pressure vessel or other system where this gas can be used to generate energy.
- This method preferably runs periodically.
- the periodic function of the closure device and the periodic overflow of a portion of the pent-up gas through a check valve on the flow channel behind the check valve or other valve of another type also produce a greater gas pressure than was effective for producing the flow. Further advantageous process optimizations can be found in subclaims 4 to 12.
- the invention further provides a device for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 12, with at least two areas of different pressure, which are connected to one another by one or more flow channels, and with a quick-closing device arranged between the containers and with one in front of the quick-closing device arranged check valve.
- a device for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 12 with at least two areas of different pressure, which are connected to one another by one or more flow channels, and with a quick-closing device arranged between the containers and with one in front of the quick-closing device arranged check valve.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 2-5 the sequence of the method according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 is described, in which the reference numerals mean: 1 compressed gas feed, 2 compressor, 3 turbine, 4 generator, 5 heat exchanger, 6 check valve, 7 quick-closing valve, 8 flow channel before the quick-closing valve, 9 flow channel behind the quick-closing valve, 10 gas volume, the builds up in front of the quick-closing valve.
- the reference numerals mean: 1 compressed gas feed, 2 compressor, 3 turbine, 4 generator, 5 heat exchanger, 6 check valve, 7 quick-closing valve, 8 flow channel before the quick-closing valve, 9 flow channel behind the quick-closing valve, 10 gas volume, the builds up in front of the quick-closing valve.
- the thermodynamic converter in its simplest embodiment, consists of two pressure vessels I, II, which are connected to one another by one or more flow channels 8, 9.
- a quick-closing valve 7 is located approximately in the middle of the flow channel.
- a check valve 6 is attached to the side of the flow channel in front of the quick-closing valve.
- a pipeline leads from the outlet of the check valve to a gas turbine 3.
- the gas outlet of the turbine consists of a pipeline leading to a heat exchanger 5.
- the output of the heat exchanger 5 is connected to the pressure vessel I.
- a pipeline leads from the pressure vessel II to a conventional compressor 2 which conveys gas into the pressure vessel I via a pipeline.
- the function of this device is as follows: When starting the thermodynamic converter, as well as during its continuous function, there must be a higher gas pressure in pressure vessel I than in pressure vessel II.
- This condition can be met on the one hand by feeding compressed gas from the outside into the pressure vessel I, or by operating the compressor between the pressure vessels II and I. If there is such a pressure difference between pressure vessel I and II, the opening of the quick-closing valve causes a gas flow to start in the direction of pressure vessel II in the flow channel.
- the sudden closure of the quick-closing valve creates a compression wave in front of it, which can degenerate into a shock wave.
- the quick-closing valve is opened and closed periodically at a certain frequency.
- the pressure in the amount of gas thus accumulated is considerably greater than the pressure in pressure vessel I. Therefore, a portion of the pent-up amount of gas flows through the check valve on the flow channel of the turbine.
- the periodic function of the quick-closing valve and the check valve creates a greater pressure in front of the turbine than prevails in the pressure vessel I. This pressure difference drives the turbine, which in turn drives an electric generator. Since the gas cools down considerably as it expands while the turbine is working, it flows through a pipe to a heat exchanger after it leaves the turbine, in which it heats up again. From there it flows back into pressure vessel I.
- thermodynamic converter convert thermal energy into mechanical or electrical energy in a largely direct way, which was not possible in this form with conventional heat engines.
- the ambient heat carriers air, water and earth can largely be used directly as an energy source.
- the periodic operation of the quick-closing valve in the flow channel stimulates a resonance oscillation of the gas column. This is done in such a way that the gas column in the flow channel swings back in the direction of pressure vessel 1 and then again in the direction of pressure vessel II through the correspondingly long closure of the quick-closing valve. If the kinetic energy of the gas column approaches its maximum in this direction, the quick-closing valve opens for a short time and then suddenly closes the flow channel again.
- the advantage of this functional sequence is that the flow starts up in a shorter time, thereby reducing the amount of gas flowing into the pressure vessel II per period. As a result, the compressor output which is necessary to maintain the pressure difference between pressure vessel I and pressure vessel II can be reduced.
- a further embodiment of the inventive concept provides that an oscillation occurs behind the quick-closing valve in the flow channel, the maximum kinetic energy of which in the direction of pressure vessel II coincides with the oscillation in front of the quick-closing valve coincides. This measure can also be used to reduce the effective open time of the quick-closing valve.
- a diffuser or a diffuser-like device behind the quick-closing valve. This can serve to keep the flow losses as small as possible so that the efficiency of the function of the thermodynamic converter increases.
- diffuser-like extensions can be attached at the ends or at another point of the flow channel in order to improve the flow and vibration behavior of the gas column located therein.
- Fig. 2 The closure device of the flow channel is open so that a gas flow starts due to the pressure difference between pressure vessels I and II.
- Fig. 3 Due to the sudden closure of the quick-closing valve (7), the gas accumulates in front of the closure device. At the same time, there is a compression or shock wave that propagates in the direction of the pressure vessel I. Since the pressure in the pent-up gas quantity is partly or entirely above the resting pressure of the gas before it expands, part of the pent-up gas flows through the check valve (6) to the downstream turbine. At the same time, behind the quick-action valve, the quick-acting valve closes suddenly ( 7) a pressure drop. Fig. 4 Since only a part of the pent-up, pressure-increased amount of gas flows out through the check valve, the rest of the rest flows back into the pressure vessel I. Likewise, the gas column located behind the quick-closing valve (7) flows back towards the pressure vessel I.
- the quick-closing valve opens the flow channel again (Fig. 2) for a short time and the entire process is repeated periodically.
- the energy conversion takes place by means of electromagnetic or piezoelectric systems. These are connected to the flow channel via pistons or membranes in such a way that they are deflected by the pressure fluctuations therein and thus function as electrical generators. Furthermore, the compressor of the thermodynamic converter can be replaced by a diffuser pump, which is fed by the compressed gas that accumulates behind the check valve.
- the one or more check valves are replaced by one or more externally controlled valves.
- the pressure vessel I is filled with nitrogen or another gas or gas mixture at the start.
- the pressure is 50 bar.
- Valve 1 feeds in from outside.
- At the beginning of the flow channel there is a nozzle converging in the direction of flow. This is followed by the flow channel.
- the flow channel has a quick-closing valve and a check valve. Behind the quick-closing valve there is another flow channel with a diffuser-like extension at its mouth into the pressure vessel II.
- a compressor 2 is connected to the pressure vessel II via a pipeline, the outlet of which is connected to the pressure vessel I.
- a pipeline leads to a gas turbine 4 and from there the gas flows to a heat exchanger in order to flow back into the pressure vessel I from there.
- a closure device 7 (at the end of the flow channel) is necessary to carry out the method.
- the closure device for the abrupt closure of the flow channel is a housing with an internally hollow drum rotating therein (Fig. 6: 101). On its circumference or on its end faces there are bores or cutouts (Fig. 6: 101a) which periodically open and close the flow channel (Fig. 6: 103) or the flow channels.
- This embodiment has the advantage that the pressure surges taking place in the process have an effect on the drum-shaped valve body, which has a high degree of rigidity due to its geometric shape. As a result, the distance between the flow channel and the valve body changes very little during the compression wave.
- the gas is introduced tangentially with respect to the gas rotating inside the drum (Fig. 6: 101). This has the advantage that if the drilling or milling of the drum coincides with the flow channel, the gas in the flow channel does not have to accelerate a stationary gas quantity, but that the rotation of the gas quantity inside the drum even results in a pressure drop behind the flow channel opening.
- the rotation of the gas in the drum results from the drum rotation and can be supported by the arrangement of co-rotating blades or driven blades of any design. Overall, this device has the advantage that the auxiliary energy required to produce a pressure difference between the start and end of the flow channel can be reduced.
- the outflow channels (Fig. 6: 104) can also be attached tangentially to the rotating drum, but in such a way that the outflow channel opening is counter to the rotation of the drum. This has the advantage of an additional conveying effect on the working gas through the rotation of the drum-shaped valve body.
- the flow channels can also be helically wound before their confluence for space-saving reasons.
- the drum when the gas is introduced at the front or radially / tangentially, the drum can be designed in part as an impeller of a radial turbine (FIGS. 7, 110). As a result, the pressure difference required to carry out the method can be generated directly.
- the flow channel can be coupled to a closed resonance chamber (FIGS. 6, 7, 8) in such a way that a resonance oscillation of the gas column located therein results in the flow channel and in the corresponding resonance chamber.
- a closed resonance chamber FIGS. 6, 7, 8
- a standing sound wave is thus created in this system, on which a periodic flow process is superimposed. This has the advantage that the process takes place with higher efficiency.
- Embodiments of the devices It shows
- valve body of this device was also designed as a radial turbine impeller.
- the valve body could be designed similarly and only the millings (FIG. 6, la) would be located radially next to the radial turbine impeller.
- Gear Figure 8 shows the cross section of a technical implementation of this closure device.
- the valve body (108) designed as a drum was made of aluminum. It rotates at a speed of approximately 15,000 to 20,000 revolutions per minute.
- the drum is driven by a synchromotor (Fig. 8: 111).
- the required high speed is achieved by the flanged gear (Fig. 8: 112).
- All housing interiors are connected to one another so that a pressure equalization takes place between them.
- the housing parts are sealed by round cord rings.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU30934/97A AU3093497A (en) | 1996-05-31 | 1997-05-30 | Process for conversion of energy, and device for carrying out said process |
DE19780503T DE19780503D2 (de) | 1996-05-31 | 1997-05-30 | Verfahren zur Umwandlung von Energie und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19621878.0 | 1996-05-31 | ||
DE1996121878 DE19621878A1 (de) | 1996-05-31 | 1996-05-31 | Thermodynamikkonverter |
DE19706877.4 | 1997-02-21 | ||
DE1997106877 DE19706877A1 (de) | 1996-05-31 | 1997-02-21 | Thermodynamikkonverter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997045631A1 true WO1997045631A1 (de) | 1997-12-04 |
Family
ID=26026204
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1997/002827 WO1997045631A1 (de) | 1996-05-31 | 1997-05-30 | Verfahren zur umwandlung von energie und vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU3093497A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19706877A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997045631A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3069287A1 (fr) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-25 | Safran | Chambre de combustion pour turbomachine a detonation rotative et turbomachine a detonation rotative |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB197824A (en) * | 1922-05-01 | 1923-05-24 | William Johan Baltzersen | Improvements in or relating to hydraulic rams |
CH254912A (de) * | 1946-06-20 | 1948-05-31 | Foerderung Forschung Gmbh | Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung von Druckgas. |
DE850087C (de) * | 1945-02-27 | 1952-09-22 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines gasfoermigen Treib-mittels, insbesondere fuer Turbinen |
CH303785A (de) * | 1951-10-29 | 1954-12-15 | M B H Inconex Handelsges | Gastu{binentriebwerk. |
CH417223A (de) * | 1962-08-27 | 1966-07-15 | Mans Willem | Gaserzeuger |
EP0085119A1 (de) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-10 | Ingelheim gen. Echter v.u.z. Mespelbrunn, Peter, Graf von | Wärmekraftmaschine mit getrenntem Verdichter- und Kraftmaschinenteil für isobare, isochore oder gemischte Wärmezuführung |
-
1997
- 1997-02-21 DE DE1997106877 patent/DE19706877A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-05-30 AU AU30934/97A patent/AU3093497A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-05-30 WO PCT/EP1997/002827 patent/WO1997045631A1/de active Application Filing
- 1997-05-30 DE DE19780503T patent/DE19780503D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB197824A (en) * | 1922-05-01 | 1923-05-24 | William Johan Baltzersen | Improvements in or relating to hydraulic rams |
DE850087C (de) * | 1945-02-27 | 1952-09-22 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines gasfoermigen Treib-mittels, insbesondere fuer Turbinen |
CH254912A (de) * | 1946-06-20 | 1948-05-31 | Foerderung Forschung Gmbh | Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung von Druckgas. |
CH303785A (de) * | 1951-10-29 | 1954-12-15 | M B H Inconex Handelsges | Gastu{binentriebwerk. |
CH417223A (de) * | 1962-08-27 | 1966-07-15 | Mans Willem | Gaserzeuger |
EP0085119A1 (de) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-10 | Ingelheim gen. Echter v.u.z. Mespelbrunn, Peter, Graf von | Wärmekraftmaschine mit getrenntem Verdichter- und Kraftmaschinenteil für isobare, isochore oder gemischte Wärmezuführung |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3069287A1 (fr) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-25 | Safran | Chambre de combustion pour turbomachine a detonation rotative et turbomachine a detonation rotative |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19780503D2 (de) | 1999-10-28 |
AU3093497A (en) | 1998-01-05 |
DE19706877A1 (de) | 1998-08-27 |
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