WO1997041662A1 - Procede et appareil de commande de mode de codage de source/voie - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de commande de mode de codage de source/voie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997041662A1
WO1997041662A1 PCT/SE1997/000613 SE9700613W WO9741662A1 WO 1997041662 A1 WO1997041662 A1 WO 1997041662A1 SE 9700613 W SE9700613 W SE 9700613W WO 9741662 A1 WO9741662 A1 WO 9741662A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
source
channel
mode
encoding
channel encoding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1997/000613
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erik Ekudden
Tor Björn MINDE
Karl Hellwig
Jim Sundqvist
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority to AU27175/97A priority Critical patent/AU2717597A/en
Priority to DE19781715T priority patent/DE19781715T1/de
Publication of WO1997041662A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997041662A1/fr
Priority to FI982316A priority patent/FI116434B/fi

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/26—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W52/265—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service] taking into account the quality of service QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0014—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the source coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0032—Without explicit signalling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0036—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the receiver
    • H04L1/0038—Blind format detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/26—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W52/267—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service] taking into account the information rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0025—Transmission of mode-switching indication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/007—Unequal error protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H04W28/22—Negotiating communication rate

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a source/channel encoding mode control method in a digital radio communication system.
  • Speech and channel encoding schemes in cellular TDMA systems of today use static allocation of source and channel encoding bit rate as well as static allocation of source and channel encoding algorithm. That is, regardless of the changing character of the speech signal and the changing radio conditions an allocated source/channel encoding mode will be maintained for the duration of a call
  • the allocated source encoding bit rate may not be sufficient, or the source encoding algorithm may not 'be adequate, to encode the signal with the desired high quality
  • the static mode allocation is a limiting factor with respect to the range of conditions over which the speech transmission service can offer acceptable quality
  • Reference [1] describes a speech/channel encoding mode control system in which different encoding modes are used for voiced and unvoiced speech, such that voiced speech uses less bits for speech encoding and more bits for channel encoding than unvoiced speech During time periods of poor radio conditions the encoder is instructed to override this approach by using the more protected mode regardless of the voiced or unvoiced nature of the speech signal
  • the current type of source signal to be encoded determines a suitable class of source/channel encoding modes while the current radio conditions determine a specific mode in that class
  • FIG 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating different source/channel encoding modes all having the same gross bit rate
  • FIG 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variable rate speech encoder having different source encoding modes
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a speech encoder using embedded source encoding
  • FIG 4 is a block diagram illustrating a preferred system for performing the method in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a transmitter configured to perform the method in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a frame in which quality information is transmitted in a control channel
  • FIG 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating different source classes and correspond ⁇ ing encoding modes
  • FIG 8 is a flow chart illustrating a preferred embodiment of the method in accor ⁇ dance with the present invention
  • FIG 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a frame in which mode information is transmitted in a mode indicator.
  • FIG 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of implicitly determining the transmitted mode at the receiver
  • Figure 1 illustrates the underlying concept In normal full rate mode a transmitted frame will have a certain proportion between encoded speech and redundancy caused by the channel encoding This is represented by the top frame in figure 1 If speech is encoded more accurately, less redundancy is available for channel encoding within the same frame length (the same gross bit rate) This is represented by the middle frame in figure 1 Finally, the bottom frame in figure 1 represents the opposite, namely a more protected mode in which speech is less accurately encoded but more protected by increasing the amount of redundancy available for channel encoding
  • FIG. 2 illustrates variable rate coding.
  • Speech samples are forwarded to a speech encoder SPE, which encodes the incoming bit stream into different bit rates or modes
  • the speech encoder SPE has to be informed about which rate to use for encoding
  • Figure 3 illustrates another method, namely embedded speech encoding
  • This method is described in detail in references [2,3]
  • the speech samples are encoded into a constant rate bit stream
  • the encoding is performed in such a way that the most accurate encoding (MODE1) is obtained by retaining all of the bits from the encoder Less accurate modes are obtained by discarding portions of the bit stream from the encoder
  • MODE1 most accurate encoding
  • the speech encoder does not have to be informed of which mode to use Instead only the channel encoder has to be informed of the selected mode and thereafter extracts the corresponding information from the bit stream from the speech encoder
  • the idea of the present invention is to use a dynamically varying mode scheme within the same fixed gross bit rate, where the overall goal is to achieve the highest possible perceptual quality on the receiving end
  • the mode decision is taken on a frame by frame basis and is preferably based on information regarding the quality of frames that have previously been received by the receiver
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a preferred system for performing the method in accordance with the present invention
  • a base station BS transmits data in dynamically varying encoding modes over a radio link to a mobile station MS Similarly mobile station
  • each link also contains an inband control channel CTRL for transmission of measurements of received speech quality to the other end
  • measurements may include estimated residual bit error rate, frame erasure rate, measured signal strength and other radio channel related parameters at the receiving end
  • One or several of these parameters form a quality measure on which encoding mode decisions will be based
  • the mode decision may also be partially based on local statistics at the transmitting end (represented by L in figure 4), such as time of day, date, location, system load, etc.
  • This local information may also include previously received and stored speech quality measurements from the receiving end. The latter type of local information is of special importance in cases where the control channel is interrupted, as will be explained in detail below.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a transmitter configured to perform the method in accordance with the present invention.
  • Speech samples are forwarded to a speech encoder 10, which may be of the variable rate or embedded code type, and to a speech classifier 12.
  • Speech classifier 12 determines the type of sound to be encoded. Different types of sound are, for example, voiced speech (for example "A”, "E"), unvoiced speech ("S", "F"), background sounds (like car noise), music, etc.
  • voiced speech for example "A", "E"
  • S unvoiced speech
  • F background sounds
  • a control unit 14 is informed of the determined type of sound.
  • Control unit 14 uses this information as well as the above mentioned local (L) and transmitted (CTRL) information to decide on which speech/channel encoding mode to use within the determined class. If radio conditions are good a mode with accurate encoding of the source signal and a low channel encoding overhead is used. If radio conditions are poor a more robust mode with less accurate source encoding and a higher channel encoding overhead is used.
  • Control unit 14 forwards the mode decision to channel encoder 16. If an embedded speech encoder is used there is no need to inform speech encoder 10. On the other hand, if a variable rate speech encoder is used encoder 10 will also be informed of the mode decision. This case is indicated by the dashed connection between control unit 14 and speech encoder 10 in figure 5.
  • the various blocks in fig. 5 are typically implemented by a micro processor or a mi- cro/signal processor combination.
  • control channel CTRL As noted above measurements at the receiving end are preferably transmitted back to the transmitting end over a control channel CTRL. As illustrated in figure 6 this control channel CTRL has to be squeezed into the same frame as the useful information Thus, the source/channel encoding modes should, whenever possible, be designed in a way that leaves room for the control channel CTRL. This is, however, not always possible, as illustrated by figure 7
  • Figure 7 illustrates the frame formats of two classes of sound, namely voiced and unvoiced speech
  • the class "voiced" speech contains four encoding modes A-D Mode A is characterized by accurate speech encoding and a low channel encoding overhead and also contains a control channel for transfer of measurements This mode is used when radio conditions are good Mode B is an intermediate mode in which the channel protection has been increased Mode C is a mode in which the channel protection has been further increased to cope with a rather bad radio link Note that modes A-C all contain a control channel.
  • the class "unvoiced" speech contains similar encoding modes E-H However, note that more bits may have to be used for speech encoding in this class due to a more complex structure of transient speech, non-stationary "unvoiced” speech or music, for example
  • the station at the other end will have to rely on the above mentioned local information in deciding which source/channel encoding mode to use in a determined source class
  • the present invention provides a mechanism for activating the control channel when it does not compete with speech information
  • the classifica ⁇ tion of the present invention may be used to determine when there are speech pauses ("non-speech" classes), and to activate or delay activation of, for example, the FACCH to such speech pauses
  • this partial or full "frame stealing” implies having encoding modes for "non-speech" classes requiring very few or no bits for source/channel encoding
  • These bits may, for example, instruct the decoder at the receiving end to 5 replace the present frame with decoded sound from the previous frame or with "comfort" sound
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating a preferred embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention
  • the source signal type of the current frame is i o determined
  • Step 22 restricts the source/channel encoding to an encoding class compatible with that type of source signal
  • Step 24 determines the quality measure received on control channel CTRL
  • Step 26 determines whether this quality measure requires normal encoding with room for a control channel or very robust encoding without a control channel
  • the algorithm proceeds to step 28, where the
  • step 30 an encoding mode with such a control channel is selected within the determined class of encoding modes.
  • step 32 selects an encoding mode without control channel within the determined class of encoding
  • step 34 in which the next frame is processed
  • Implicit signaling means that the receiver has to determine the actually used encoding mode by analyzing the received frame
  • Figure 10 illustrates a preferred embodiment of an implicit coding mode identification ⁇ method.
  • Encoded speech is channel encoded at the transmitter. This step is represented by block 40.
  • the formed frame is transmitted over the radio link.
  • the (possibly corrupted) received frame is channel decoded in every possible mode 1 ,. ., N.
  • This step is repre- sented by block 42.
  • the result is N estimates of the originally transmitted encoded speech, one estimate for each mode
  • this channel encoding is to produce frame estimates corresponding to each encode speech estimate
  • These frame estimates are used in a mode decision represented by block 46. This mode decision is based on a comparison of each frame estimate with the actually received frame. The frame estimate that best matches (has the fewest differing bits) the received frame is considered to be the correct frame, and the corresponding encoded speech estimate is chosen by a switch SW and transferred to the speech decoder. The speech decoder may switch to the corresponding speech decoding mode by measuring the length of the encoded speech estimate.
  • block 46 may also control the speech decoding mode
  • One of the features of the present invention is that it optimizes perceived speech quality at the receiving ends by allowing independent (source signal controlled) mode changes (asymmetric modes). This optimization is possible due to the fast mode switching between a number of pre-optimized modes within a fixed gross bit rate. The fast mode switching is itself due to the provided fast inband control channel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Executing Machine-Instructions (AREA)
  • Transmission Systems Not Characterized By The Medium Used For Transmission (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)

Abstract

Ce procédé de commande de mode de codage de source/voie dans un système de radiocommunication AMRT détermine (20) le type courant du signal source à coder et à transmettre, limite (22) le codage à une catégorie de modes de codage de source/voie compatible avec le type de signal source déterminé, détermine (24) une mesure de qualité pour des signaux transmis précédemment qui ont été reçus et décodés et sélectionne (30), en fonction de la mesure de qualité, le mode de codage de source/voie le plus approprié pour la catégorie déterminée.
PCT/SE1997/000613 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Procede et appareil de commande de mode de codage de source/voie WO1997041662A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU27175/97A AU2717597A (en) 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Source/channel encoding mode control method and apparatus
DE19781715T DE19781715T1 (de) 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Quellen/Kanal/Codierungsmodus-Steuerverfahren und Vorrichtung
FI982316A FI116434B (fi) 1996-04-26 1998-10-26 Lähde/kanavakoodaustilan ohjausmenetelmä ja laite

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9601606A SE9601606D0 (sv) 1996-04-26 1996-04-26 Sätt vid radiotelekommunikationssystem
SE9601606-8 1996-04-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997041662A1 true WO1997041662A1 (fr) 1997-11-06

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Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1997/000616 WO1997041549A1 (fr) 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Procede de commande de mode de codage et appareil de determination de mode de decodage
PCT/SE1997/000613 WO1997041662A1 (fr) 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Procede et appareil de commande de mode de codage de source/voie
PCT/SE1997/000614 WO1997041663A1 (fr) 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Appareil et procede de commande adaptative de mode de codage dans un systeme de radiocommunication amrt
PCT/SE1997/000615 WO1997041641A2 (fr) 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Procede d'etablissement de comunication dans un systeme de radiocommunications cellulaire numerique

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PCT/SE1997/000616 WO1997041549A1 (fr) 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Procede de commande de mode de codage et appareil de determination de mode de decodage

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PCT/SE1997/000614 WO1997041663A1 (fr) 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Appareil et procede de commande adaptative de mode de codage dans un systeme de radiocommunication amrt
PCT/SE1997/000615 WO1997041641A2 (fr) 1996-04-26 1997-04-11 Procede d'etablissement de comunication dans un systeme de radiocommunications cellulaire numerique

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (4) US6195337B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0907950B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100359979B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1223136C (fr)
AU (4) AU2717597A (fr)
CA (1) CA2252693C (fr)
DE (4) DE19781710B3 (fr)
FI (3) FI118071B (fr)
MY (3) MY119786A (fr)
SE (1) SE9601606D0 (fr)
TW (3) TW389014B (fr)
WO (4) WO1997041549A1 (fr)

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