WO1997027428A1 - Brenneroberfläche - Google Patents
Brenneroberfläche Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997027428A1 WO1997027428A1 PCT/CH1997/000004 CH9700004W WO9727428A1 WO 1997027428 A1 WO1997027428 A1 WO 1997027428A1 CH 9700004 W CH9700004 W CH 9700004W WO 9727428 A1 WO9727428 A1 WO 9727428A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- flame
- bores
- burner tube
- tube
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/48—Nozzles
- F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a burner for gaseous fuels or gas / liquid fuel mixtures with flame bores arranged in the burner surface, a method for reducing nitrogen oxides when burning gaseous or gaseous fuels and uses of the burners according to the invention.
- US Pat. No. 3,936,003 proposes a burner surface in which the individual flame bores are spaced apart from one another in such a way that exhaust gases or flue gases are drawn in by the flame root between the flames.
- the object is achieved by means of a burner according to the wording, in particular according to claim 1.
- the flame formation can be fundamentally determined in all details by a suitable choice of the burner surface. This applies in particular to the phenomena of flame stability, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide emission.
- a fluid jet such as a gas / air mixture
- an opening such as a pipe or hole
- a free jet is formed. This sucks in ambient medium and mixes with it, as shown below with reference to FIG. 1.
- the basic idea of the present invention is therefore to mix exhaust gas into the fuel / air mixture from the environment, as a result of which a drastic reduction in the formation of nitrogen oxides can be achieved. This eliminates the need to use pipes, control mechanisms and Extract exhaust gases from a combustion chamber and feed them to the fuel gas or gas mixture before it is burned above the burner surface.
- the burner surface consists of individual holes, and surprisingly, it has now been found according to the invention that by selecting a suitable geometry, both in relation to the individual holes and in relation to one another, the exact setting of a flame structure by means of which the emissions are possible is possible of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides can be minimized. There is therefore no need for any further additional units, flue gas lines etc., but only by suitable design of the burner surface is it possible to implement the basic idea according to the invention mentioned above.
- a triangular hole pattern is preferably chosen, the flame bores preferably being arranged in the form of at least almost equilateral triangles.
- Preferred embodiments of the burner according to the invention or the burner surface are characterized in the dependent claims 2-5.
- a burner tube designed according to the invention, this is designed to be longitudinally displaceable in the axial direction.
- a burner comprises a burner tube which is displaceably mounted in its longitudinal direction.
- reaction kinetic effects such as flame stability, pollutant formation, etc., must be taken into account. Optimization is understood to be to bring a system into a desired state by suitable variation of operating parameters and geometry. Since the operating parameters are largely predetermined by the requirements, the geometry must be varied.
- this object is achieved by means of a burner according to the wording according to claim 6. It is proposed that an additional surface area is formed on the burner with the hole pattern proposed according to the invention, but the geometric relationships are chosen differently.
- a further burner tube with a smaller diameter be arranged axially and concentrically therefrom in the cylinder bottom that closes the cylindrical burner tube, on the surface of which the hole pattern according to the invention is arranged.
- Further preferred design variants of the burner tube according to the invention are characterized in the dependent claims 7-9.
- the burners proposed according to the invention are particularly suitable for surface burners.
- 1 schematically, in section, parallel free jets, as are generally formed during the combustion of gaseous fuels
- 2 shows a hole pattern proposed according to the invention on a burner surface
- FIG. 3 shows in section an embodiment variant of a burner tube according to the invention, comprising an additional burner tube for operating a so-called base load stage.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows two parallel free jets 5, which can be, for example, two ignited fluid jets. These are generated by entering a gaseous fuel through flame bores 3 on a burner surface 1 into a combustion chamber 2 for combustion. At the flame root 7 in particular, ambient gases are sucked into the fuel-gas mixture and mixed with it by the gas flowing into the combustion chamber 2.
- a burner surface is preferably formed according to a perforated pattern, shown in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 2 shows a burner surface 1, comprising a plurality of flame bores or individual holes 3, which are arranged such that each hole has an identical, preferably corresponding to an equilateral triangle, or approximately the same distance to each of its direct neighboring holes.
- the distance between the holes is denoted in FIG. 2 by “a”, the diameter of the holes by "D”.
- u velocity of the medium flowing out of the bore, for example gas / air
- v kinematic viscosity of the medium.
- the present invention only uses the optimum design of the burner surface (hole arrangement) for exhaust gas circulation, as already mentioned at the beginning.
- the following equilateral triangles or the like have been chosen for the optimal configuration of the hole pattern arrangement of the burner surface of a low-emission surface burner Patterns with the following parameters proved to be advantageous:
- Preferred parameter values are the values a / D of 2 to 4, respectively. from 2.2 to 3.5, while the value for the diameter D depends on the power of the burner.
- FIG. 3 shows in section a burner tube 4, comprising on the one hand a burner surface 1 with the hole pattern proposed according to the invention, and with an additional arrangement for the configuration of a so-called base load level.
- the burner tube 4 designed according to the invention can be moved in the axial direction in a longitudinally displaceable manner (arrow) on the combustion chamber wall 21 into the combustion chamber or out of the combustion chamber 2.
- a plurality of the perforations 3 arranged according to the invention are exposed in the combustion chamber 2, or else closed.
- the movement of the burner tube makes it possible to vary the operating parameters or the output of the burner.
- the combustion chamber or boiler is not varied.
- the power modulation range generated in this way leads to a combustion chamber which, in extreme cases, is oversized by an order of magnitude. Particularly in the case where the burner tube is largely withdrawn from the combustion chamber 2, this leads to a flame design which is far from the optimum since the flame has no stabilizing effects through the combustion chamber. For this reason, a so-called base load stage is now proposed according to the invention, which provides the flame with the "combustion chamber" necessary for its stabilization and thus enables the combustion to be optimized.
- the proposed combustion chamber for the flames in the low power range is arranged on the front of the burner tube 4 and is designated by the reference symbol 18.
- This combustion chamber 18 of the base load stage is formed on the one hand by a further burner tube 24 additionally arranged on the front on the burner tube 4, on the burner surface 26 of which in turn flame bores or perforations 28 are arranged according to the proposed hole pattern according to the invention.
- These bores 28 preferably have a smaller diameter D than the diameter of the bores 3 in the surface 1 of the burner tube 4.
- a lower axial boundary 25 is proposed, which is advantageously made of a material that glows.
- the upper ring-shaped boundary 31 is preferably also made of the same material and is arranged in a ring-shaped manner axially around the further burner tube 24, covering the front surface of the cylinder bottom of the burner tube 4.
- This combustion chamber 18 of the flames in the small power range is therefore located on the burner tube 4 and is also moved. There is therefore no relative movement of the burner and the combustion chamber in the smallest power range.
- the size of the basic load level can range from approximately 5-30% of the full load, preferably 5-10%.
- the burner surface of the further burner tube 24 or the so-called base load stage is formed by means of the same pattern described above, which is also used for the main burner surface 1.
- the parameter selection of the pattern a / D, D can be done differently for base load and main burner surface.
- the upper and lower limits of the base load stage advantageously consist of a glowable material means that the gas flowing past heats up at any time, even if the flame extinguishes locally or unsteadily (typical phenomenon of turbulent flames) and is ignited again. This enables an operation free of carbon monoxide, even with base load.
- the advantage of the design of a burner according to the invention according to FIG. 3 lies in ensuring the optimization of the flame formation in all power modulation ranges and thereby the maintenance of extremely small emissions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
- this also makes it possible to provide a burner with a burner surface proposed according to the invention and to operate it with different outputs, without the size of the combustion chamber being significant for guaranteeing optimum emission values or without optimum emission values even with oversized combustion chambers are possible.
- the comparison circle diameter formed from the hole area should be calculated according to the formula:
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT97900010T ATE220189T1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-07 | Brenneroberfläche |
AU11376/97A AU1137697A (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-07 | Burner surface |
JP9526383A JP2000503381A (ja) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-07 | バーナー表面 |
DK97900010T DK0876570T3 (da) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-07 | Brænderoverflade |
EP97900010A EP0876570B1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-07 | Brenneroberfläche |
DE59707649T DE59707649D1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-07 | Brenneroberfläche |
NO19983361A NO315483B1 (no) | 1996-01-26 | 1998-07-21 | Fremgangsmåte for å redusere nitröse oksider ved forbrenning, samt brennerfor utförelse av fremgangsmåten |
US09/121,494 US5947714A (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1998-07-23 | Burner surface |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH20396 | 1996-01-26 | ||
CH203/96 | 1996-01-26 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/121,494 Continuation US5947714A (en) | 1996-01-26 | 1998-07-23 | Burner surface |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997027428A1 true WO1997027428A1 (de) | 1997-07-31 |
Family
ID=4181608
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH1997/000004 WO1997027428A1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-07 | Brenneroberfläche |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0876570B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000503381A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE220189T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1137697A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2244103A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59707649D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0876570T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2180020T3 (de) |
NO (1) | NO315483B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997027428A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2510281B1 (de) | 2009-12-11 | 2017-10-25 | Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. | Brenner mit brennerdeck mit geringer porosität |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6088354B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-20 | 2017-03-01 | 公立大学法人首都大学東京 | ガス燃焼器の設計方法 |
JP6331662B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-07 | 2018-05-30 | 三浦工業株式会社 | ガスバーナ |
NL2020282B1 (nl) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-25 | Atag Heating B V | Branderplaat voor een cv-ketel |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3061001A (en) * | 1958-09-12 | 1962-10-30 | Zink Co John | Gaseous fuel burner |
US3936003A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1976-02-03 | Raytheon Company | Multiport high density burner |
WO1986006150A1 (fr) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-10-23 | Ygnis S.A. | Bruleur de combustibles gazeux, en particulier pour une chaudiere de chauffage, et procede de combustion de combustibles gazeux |
WO1995023315A1 (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1995-08-31 | Stichting Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland | Method and apparatus for burning highly reactive gaseous fuel |
-
1997
- 1997-01-07 AU AU11376/97A patent/AU1137697A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-01-07 CA CA002244103A patent/CA2244103A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-01-07 AT AT97900010T patent/ATE220189T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-01-07 DE DE59707649T patent/DE59707649D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-07 DK DK97900010T patent/DK0876570T3/da active
- 1997-01-07 ES ES97900010T patent/ES2180020T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-07 JP JP9526383A patent/JP2000503381A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1997-01-07 WO PCT/CH1997/000004 patent/WO1997027428A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-01-07 EP EP97900010A patent/EP0876570B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-07-21 NO NO19983361A patent/NO315483B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3061001A (en) * | 1958-09-12 | 1962-10-30 | Zink Co John | Gaseous fuel burner |
US3936003A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1976-02-03 | Raytheon Company | Multiport high density burner |
WO1986006150A1 (fr) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-10-23 | Ygnis S.A. | Bruleur de combustibles gazeux, en particulier pour une chaudiere de chauffage, et procede de combustion de combustibles gazeux |
EP0218602A1 (de) * | 1985-04-11 | 1987-04-22 | Ygnis Sa | Brenner für gasförmige brennstoffe, insbesondere für heizkessel. |
WO1995023315A1 (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1995-08-31 | Stichting Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland | Method and apparatus for burning highly reactive gaseous fuel |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2510281B1 (de) | 2009-12-11 | 2017-10-25 | Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. | Brenner mit brennerdeck mit geringer porosität |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0876570T3 (da) | 2002-11-04 |
EP0876570B1 (de) | 2002-07-03 |
ATE220189T1 (de) | 2002-07-15 |
ES2180020T3 (es) | 2003-02-01 |
JP2000503381A (ja) | 2000-03-21 |
NO983361D0 (no) | 1998-07-21 |
DE59707649D1 (de) | 2002-08-08 |
CA2244103A1 (en) | 1997-07-31 |
NO315483B1 (no) | 2003-09-08 |
EP0876570A1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
AU1137697A (en) | 1997-08-20 |
NO983361L (no) | 1998-07-21 |
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