WO1997023667A1 - Fabrication de fibres - Google Patents

Fabrication de fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997023667A1
WO1997023667A1 PCT/GB1996/003159 GB9603159W WO9723667A1 WO 1997023667 A1 WO1997023667 A1 WO 1997023667A1 GB 9603159 W GB9603159 W GB 9603159W WO 9723667 A1 WO9723667 A1 WO 9723667A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elongate member
lyocell
coagulated
deforming force
fibre
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1996/003159
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Bertram
Susan Janet Taylor
Helen Disley
Calvin Roger Woodings
Hardev Singh Bahia
Ifor Gwyn Griffiths
Original Assignee
Courtaulds Fibres (Holdings) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Courtaulds Fibres (Holdings) Limited filed Critical Courtaulds Fibres (Holdings) Limited
Priority to AU11646/97A priority Critical patent/AU1164697A/en
Publication of WO1997023667A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997023667A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/14—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using grooved rollers or gear-wheel-type members
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods of manufacturing lyocell elongate members, including fibres and films, of modified shape.
  • cellulose fibre can be made by extrusion of a solution of cellulose in a suitable solvent into a coagulating bath. This process is referred to as “solvent-spinning", and the cellulose fibre produced thereby is referred to as “solvent-spun” cellulose fibre or as lyocell fibre.
  • Lyocell fibre is to be distinguished from cellulose fibre made by other known processes, which rely on the formation of a soluble chemical derivative of cellulose and its subsequent decomposition to regenerate the cellulose, for example the viscose process. Lyocell fibres are known for their impressive textile-physical properties such as tenacity in comparison with fibres such as viscose rayon fibres.
  • Lyocell filaments extruded through circular spinnerette holes is generally circular or slightly elliptical. Lyocell filaments generally exhibit no or very low levels of crimp. Lyocell filaments and fibres consist of cellulose and are accordingly not thermoplastic. Disclosure of Invention
  • a method for modifying the shape of a lyocell elongate member characterised in that a transverse deforming force is applied to the lyocell elongate member in plasticised never-dried state.
  • a method for manufacturing a lyocell elongate member including the steps in sequential order of: (1) dissolving cellulose in an aqueous tertiary amine N-oxide solvent to form a solution; (2) extruding the solution through a die by way of a gaseous gap into an aqueous coagulating bath to form a coagulated elongate member; (3) washing the coagulated elongate member to remove residual solvent therefrom, thereby producing a never-dried lyocell elongate member; and (4) drying the never-dried lyocell elongate member, characterised in that a transverse deforming force is applied to the coagulated elongate member in plasticised state, thereby modifying the shape of the coagulated elongate member and consequently of the lyocell elongate member.
  • the gas in the gaseous gap is commonly air, although other inert gases such as nitrogen may also be used.
  • the length of the gaseous gap is preferably in the range from 10 to 100 mm, more preferably from 20 to 50 mm.
  • the tertiary amine N-oxide is preferably based on a cyclic amine and is further preferably N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) .
  • the elongate member may take the form of a film or (which may be preferred) of a fibre, including fibre in the form of continuous filaments, tow or staple fibre.
  • the deforming force may be entirely transverse or may possess transverse and longitudinal components.
  • the deforming force may for example be applied by passing the coagulated elongate member through a constriction, for example a nip between a roller pair.
  • the deforming force may be applied by passing the coagulated elongate member under tension through an angle over an edge or over a gear wheel or between inter eshing gear wheels.
  • the deforming force may be applied by impacting a fluid stream, for example a water jet, against the coagulated elongate member.
  • the elongate member to which the deforming force is applied comprises cellulose, water and plasticiser.
  • the plasticiser is preferably soluble in water.
  • suitable plasticisers include cellulose solvents such as tertiary amine N-oxides.
  • suitable plasticisers include alkalis, in particular strong inorganic alkalis such as sodium hydroxide. Mixtures of plasticisers may be employed.
  • the elongate member may be passed through a bath containing the plasticiser in aqueous solution immediately before application of the deforming force. It will be appreciated that the concentration of plasticiser in the bath should preferably not be so high that significant dissolution of the cellulose occurs.
  • concentration of plasticiser in the elongate member should preferably not be so high that the plasticised member tends to stick to surfaces including other plasticised members when subjected to the deforming force.
  • suitable plasticiser concentrations can readily be determined by trial and error in any particular case.
  • a suitable concentration for sodium hydroxide in an aqueous plasticising bath may be in the range from 2 to 10 percent by weight (based on the weight of the bath) .
  • the elongate member may be plasticised by the presence of residual amine oxide from the spinning solution therein or by passage through a bath of aqueous amine oxide solution.
  • the deforming force serves to modify the cross-sectional shape of the elongate member.
  • a bundle of parallelised circular lyocell filaments may be subjected to lateral compression, whereby the close-packed filaments are deformed so that their cross-sectional shapes tend towards the polygonal, especially the hexagonal. Such filaments may exhibit increased bulkiness.
  • a thin web of lyocell filaments may be subjected to transverse compression to provide filaments of flattened cross-section.
  • Such deformation in cross-section is permanent. The deformation may be more or less uniform over the fibre bundle, as desired.
  • the deforming force serves to impart crimp to lyocell fibres and filaments.
  • the plasticised fibres or filaments may be compressed between patterned rollers.
  • one or more fluid streams for example high-pressure water jets, may be directed against fibres or filaments in contact with a patterned surface, for example a woven mesh belt.
  • a tow of plasticised never-dried lyocell fibre may be overfed onto a conveyor and subjected to a transverse compressive force to induce crimp in the fibre.
  • crimp produced in this manner may have a degree of permanence, it will be appreciated that fibre crimp level is often reduced when the fibre is subjected to the tensile forces to which it is exposed in yarn spinning operations.
  • the deforming force serves to create a three-dimensional pattern in a lyocell film, for example by compressing the plasticised film between patterned rollers or by impacting a fluid stream against the film whilst in contact with a patterned surface.
  • the elongate member may be washed free of plasticiser and subsequently dried in conventional manner.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of laboratory apparatus for spinning lyocell fibre
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic detail of the nip roller assembly in the apparatus of Figure 1.
  • a laboratory apparatus for spinning lyocell fibre comprises an extrusion head 11, a spinbath unit 12, a nip roller assembly 13 and a fibre take- up reel 14.
  • the extrusion head 11 comprises a stainless steel tube 15 (22 mm ID) equipped with a supply line 16 for pressurised nitrogen, a thermostatic jacket 17, an extrusion die 18 having a single extrusion hole (100 micrometre diameter), and a vent line 19 incorporating a bursting disc which serves as an excess pressure relief assembly.
  • the spinbath unit 12 comprises a tank 20, a guide roller 21 and a thermostatic heater/circulating pump (not shown).
  • the take-up reel 14 comprises a plastic reel (51 mm diameter) drivable by a variable-speed motor (not shown) at a surface speed (take-up speed) of up to 320 m/min.
  • the nip roller assembly 13 comprises an arm 30 adjustably and removably mounted with respect to the tank 20.
  • the arm 30 carries a driven roller 31 and a pivotally-mounted lever 32.
  • the driven roller 31 is drivable by a variable-speed motor (not shown) connected thereto by means of an axially-connected flexible drive shaft (not shown) .
  • the lever 32 carries at the one end an undriven roller 33 and at the other end an assemblage of springs and weights which serves to urge the undriven roller 33 under defined adjustable conditions against the driven roller 31 in the manner generally indicated by the arrow 34, thus forming a nip between the rollers 31, 33.
  • the rollers 31, 33 each comprise a stainless steel rod carrying an elastomeric sleeve 3 mm thick (OD 25.4 mm).
  • the tube 15 equipped with the die 18 is charged with chipped solid lyocell dope (nominally 15% cellulose, 75% NMMO, 10% water, by weight) (ca. 20 g) .
  • a plastic disc (a few mm thick) (not shown) is placed on top of the chips to minimise the risk of channelling during the extrusion step.
  • the tube 15 is placed inside the thermostatic jacket 17 and the remaining parts of the extrusion head are assembled.
  • the dope is stored at 90°C for 45 minutes to cause it to melt.
  • the temperature is then raised to 105°C (nominal) in preparation for spinning, and the apparatus is allowed to equilibrate for 15 minutes.
  • Pressurised nitrogen is supplied through line 16 so as to urge the liquefied dope downwardly through the die 18 by way of an air gap (20 mm long) into spinbath liquor (water, maintained at 22°C by the thermostatic controller) contained in tank 20.
  • spinbath liquor water, maintained at 22°C by the thermostatic controller
  • the thusly-formed lyocell filament passes downwardly through the liquor, between the submerged rollers 31, 33, and around the submerged guide roller 21 from which it passes at an upward angle to the take-up reel 14 where it is collected.
  • the collected filament is washed with water until free of NMMO and dried.
  • the spinbath liquor level is indicated by the dotted line 22, and the path of filament travel is indicated by the solid line 23, 23'.
  • the depth of the nip below the surface of the spinbath liquor is preferably in the range from 10 to 150 mm, more preferably from 20 to 100 mm.
  • Dope flow is measured by collecting and weighing the dope extruded through the die in a known time (ca. 1 min) before and after each series of experiments.
  • Example 1 was repeated, with the variations detailed below.
  • the elastomeric sleeve on the driven roller 31 was replaced by a PTFE sleeve (OD 28 mm) .
  • the OD of the undriven roller 33 was 24 mm.
  • a miniature spinning apparatus equipped with a spinerette having 10 holes of 100 micrometre diameter was employed. Spinbath temperature was 25°C. Filament titre was 1.7 dtex. The following results were obtained:

Abstract

La forme d'éléments lyocellulaires allongés tels que des fibres peut être modifiée par application d'une force à déformation transversale sur l'élément alors que celui-ci est à l'état non séché, plastifié. D'éventuelles modifications de ce type comprennent la création d'une frisure et le remaniement de la forme circulaire de la fibre. Des plastifiants appropriés renferment de l'hydroxyde de sodium aqueux et des N-oxydes d'amines tertiaires aqueux. La force déformante peut être exercée, par exemple, par le passage de l'élément l'allongé dans un resserrement ou sur un bord, ou par le choc d'un courant de fluide.
PCT/GB1996/003159 1995-12-21 1996-12-19 Fabrication de fibres WO1997023667A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU11646/97A AU1164697A (en) 1995-12-21 1996-12-19 Fibre manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9526168.1A GB9526168D0 (en) 1995-12-21 1995-12-21 Fibre manufacture
GB9526168.1 1995-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997023667A1 true WO1997023667A1 (fr) 1997-07-03

Family

ID=10785823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/003159 WO1997023667A1 (fr) 1995-12-21 1996-12-19 Fabrication de fibres

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1164697A (fr)
GB (1) GB9526168D0 (fr)
TW (1) TW324749B (fr)
WO (1) WO1997023667A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008019411A1 (fr) * 2006-08-17 2008-02-21 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la production d'une fibre cellulosique à partir d'une solution de cellulose dans un oxyde d'amine tertiaire et dispositif servant à effectuer ledit procédé
EP3202959A4 (fr) * 2014-09-30 2018-03-21 Kolon Industries, Inc. Fibre de lyocell crêpée
EP3812489A1 (fr) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-28 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Surface du rouleau utilisée dans la production de lyocell filaments

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10037923A1 (de) 2000-08-03 2001-03-29 Zimmer Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Endlosformkörpern

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB328312A (en) * 1929-05-09 1930-04-22 British Celanese Improvements in or relating to artificial ribbons, tapes, straws, and the like and to the production thereof
GB368738A (en) * 1929-05-09 1932-03-09 British Celanese Improvements in or relating to artificial textile materials and to the production thereof
GB448570A (en) * 1934-02-20 1936-06-11 British Celanese Improvements in or relating to the production of artificial filaments and like materials
GB462899A (en) * 1935-08-17 1937-03-17 Calico Printers Ass Ltd Improvements in the treatment of regenerated cellulose material
WO1995024520A1 (fr) * 1994-03-09 1995-09-14 Courtaulds Fibres (Holdings) Limited Processus de production de fibres et les fibres qu'il produit

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB328312A (en) * 1929-05-09 1930-04-22 British Celanese Improvements in or relating to artificial ribbons, tapes, straws, and the like and to the production thereof
GB368738A (en) * 1929-05-09 1932-03-09 British Celanese Improvements in or relating to artificial textile materials and to the production thereof
GB448570A (en) * 1934-02-20 1936-06-11 British Celanese Improvements in or relating to the production of artificial filaments and like materials
GB462899A (en) * 1935-08-17 1937-03-17 Calico Printers Ass Ltd Improvements in the treatment of regenerated cellulose material
WO1995024520A1 (fr) * 1994-03-09 1995-09-14 Courtaulds Fibres (Holdings) Limited Processus de production de fibres et les fibres qu'il produit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9709, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A11, AN 97-087666, XP002029787 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008019411A1 (fr) * 2006-08-17 2008-02-21 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la production d'une fibre cellulosique à partir d'une solution de cellulose dans un oxyde d'amine tertiaire et dispositif servant à effectuer ledit procédé
EP3202959A4 (fr) * 2014-09-30 2018-03-21 Kolon Industries, Inc. Fibre de lyocell crêpée
EP3812489A1 (fr) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-28 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Surface du rouleau utilisée dans la production de lyocell filaments
WO2021078768A1 (fr) 2019-10-23 2021-04-29 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Surface de rouleau
CN114585778A (zh) * 2019-10-23 2022-06-03 兰精股份公司 辊表面
TWI828947B (zh) * 2019-10-23 2024-01-11 奧地利商蘭仁股份有限公司 滾筒、選擇彼之方法及彼之用途

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1164697A (en) 1997-07-17
GB9526168D0 (en) 1996-02-21
TW324749B (en) 1998-01-11

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