WO1997020259A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur fräsbearbeitung dreidimensionaler werkstücke - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur fräsbearbeitung dreidimensionaler werkstücke Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997020259A1 WO1997020259A1 PCT/EP1996/004740 EP9604740W WO9720259A1 WO 1997020259 A1 WO1997020259 A1 WO 1997020259A1 EP 9604740 W EP9604740 W EP 9604740W WO 9720259 A1 WO9720259 A1 WO 9720259A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- milling
- blanks
- workpiece
- layer
- blank
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
- G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for milling three-dimensional workpieces, wherein a geometry description of the workpiece, preferably in the form of 3D CAD data, is broken down numerically into 2D or 3D data of several layers of the same or different thickness and starting from these are implemented in NC milling programs to be processed in layers.
- a geometry description of the workpiece preferably in the form of 3D CAD data
- NC milling programs to be processed in layers.
- plate-shaped blanks with a given wall thickness are processed in succession in accordance with the NC milling program to be processed for the layer in question and are connected to one another on their facing broad side surfaces, for example with an adhesive connection.
- complicated three-dimensional workpieces can be produced and assembled in layers with relatively simple, automatable work steps.
- there is a considerable effort involved in assembling the machined blanks in order to ensure a precisely fitting and adhesive-free transition at the separation points between the blanks.
- chip removal especially with deep and narrow contours in the workpiece.
- the object of the invention is Reasons to develop a method and a device of the type specified at the outset, which can simplify the joining process and improve chip removal during the machining process.
- the solution according to the invention is based on the idea that the plate-shaped blanks with a predetermined, possibly variable wall thickness are successively connected flat with a basic structure or a previously machined blank and then in each case according to the NC program to be processed for the layer in question Machined overhead from their downward-facing broadside with milling tools pointing upwards.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of workpieces with a preferred direction, for example for the production of casting molds or eroding electrodes, in the contours of which the demolding direction is reflected as the preferred direction.
- the layering technique according to the invention enables standardized tool selection, since relatively thin, similar layers always have to be processed.
- the milling data can be optimized for a given material the. In particular, for a given layer thickness and the same material, the same milling parameters always result, such as feed speed and line spacing (offset step).
- the overhead milling according to the invention ensures good chip and material removal. This advantage particularly affects deep contours, in which residues and chips could otherwise accumulate that are difficult to remove.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the plate-shaped blanks are removed from a plate stack or pulled off a supply roll and cut to length.
- the unprocessed blanks are then glued, welded or soldered flatly with their upward-facing broad side surface against the downward-facing broad side surface of the previously machined blank.
- the unprocessed blanks need only be partially coated with adhesive at the contact points with the previously machined blanks.
- the blanks last attached are face-milled before or after the contour machining with the setting of a defined thickness.
- the conversion of the geometry data into the NC programs for the individual layers takes place according to a given milling strategy.
- the line spacing during the milling process is to be specified, which determines the accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece.
- the connection area between two blanks is machined overlapping.
- the line spacing can also be selected to be variable, particularly in the case of inclined contours, in order to obtain a defined roughness depth.
- the NC program automatically determines further intermediate steps which ensure that the line spacing is adjusted at variable angles of attack.
- a particularly advantageous device for carrying out the method according to the invention has at least one milling head for receiving milling tools, a workpiece holder and a multi-axis CNC control for the relative movement between the milling head and workpiece holder, the workpiece holder being arranged above the milling head and the workpiece holder can be successively equipped with a plurality of plate-shaped blanks which can be connected to one another in layers on their broad side surfaces and which can be processed layer by layer from above using the CNC control.
- the device advantageously contains a blank magazine designed as a stack of plates or as a supply roll, a device for applying adhesive to at least one broad side surface of the blanks to be connected to one another and a handling device for the blanks to be connected to one another.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for producing casting molds made of metal, ceramic or plastic, for producing die-sinking EDM electrodes made of graphite and for producing models or prototypes made of metal, ceramic, plastic or wood-based materials.
- Figures la and b show a schematic graphic representation of a workpiece geometry with two proposals for a layer decomposition with constant and variable layer thickness;
- FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a loading device in a milling center for producing three-dimensional workpieces
- FIG. 4a to f show a sequence of intermediate stages in the machining of a workpiece according to FIG. 1b with a schematic representation.
- the method described below with reference to the drawing is intended for milling complex three-dimensional workpieces, for example casting molds or eroding electrodes.
- the geometry of the workpiece 1 is first determined using a suitable comp computer software m recorded in the form of 3D CAD data. These are usually geometries which, because of their complexity and their deeply incised contours, are not suitable for milling from the solid. Production is therefore carried out according to the layer method, in which the workpiece 1 is successively composed of plate-shaped material layers 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 with the same (FIG. 1 a) or variable (FIG. 1 b) layer thickness becomes. The layer thickness is chosen so that a sufficient thickness of material remains for each milling process at the points to be machined.
- the 3D CAD data record of the workpiece geometry is broken down using a software routine m 2D or 3D data of the individual layers 10 to 20. If the milling strategy is also specified (especially milling cutter selection for pre-milling and fine milling, feed speed and line spacing stand), the NC milling programs to be processed in layers can be created from the layer-related contour data obtained in this way.
- the practical implementation of the milling programs on the workpiece takes place in a CNC milling machine 34 which, in addition to at least one milling head 35 which can be equipped with milling tools 36, 38, 40, a blank magazine 44 equipped with plate-shaped blanks 42, an adhesive application device 46 and one Sliding member 48 and a pressing device 50 having a pressing member 50 for the blanks 42.
- the top blank 42 is first coated on its upward-facing broad surface 52 with the aid of the application device 46 and with the displacement member 48 and the pressing member 50 on a base plate arranged on a tool holder (not shown) 54 glued flat as layer 10.
- the NC milling program assigned to layer 10 is then processed and the contours 56, 58 shown in FIG. 4a are introduced from the broad side 60 of layer 10.
- a further blank 42 is removed from the magazine 44 and, with its adhesive-coated broad side surface 52, is connected to the free broad side surface 60 of the layer 10 (FIG. 4b).
- This blank is removed from the free broadside sheet 60 in accordance with the NC program assigned to layer 12 to form contours 56, 58 edited out.
- This process is then repeated in succession for the layers 14, 16, 18 and 20 (FIGS. 4 c to f) until the workpiece 1 is finished.
- the contour machining is carried out overhead with the end mills 36, 38 pointing upwards, with the milling tool 36 for pre-machining and the milling tool 38 is used for fine machining.
- the remaining pieces 62 and chips 64 that occur during the milling process fall down due to gravity.
- the chip removal is supported by a cooling lubricant sprayed upwards over the milling head in the direction of workpiece 1 and deflected downward on the workpiece.
- the contour machining is carried out step by step in milling paths progressing from bottom to top, for example in steps of 0.5 mm each, the last milling paths overlapping the connecting plane 32 into the previously processed layer 14 intervenes and ensures that there is a smooth, adhesive-free transition between the layers 14, 16.
- the free broad side surface 60 is brought to a prescribed distance dimension with a face mill 40 before or after each contour machining.
- the support zones 30 located on the outer edge ensure that the next blank 42 is exactly in the connecting plane 32 aligned and can be connected to the previously machined blank.
- the structures forming the support zones 30 are removed from the base plate 54 and the workpiece, if appropriate after prior finishing and temperature treatment, is fed to its intended use.
- the invention relates to a method for milling three-dimensional workpieces, in particular for the production of casting molds and eroding electrodes.
- a geometry description of the workpiece 1 preferably in the form of 3D CAD data, is broken down numerically into 2D or 3D data of a plurality of layers 10 to 20 of the same or different thickness and, starting therefrom, in NC layers to be processed in layers. Milling programs implemented.
- plate-shaped blanks 42 with a predetermined, optionally variable wall thickness are successively connected flatly to a base plate 54 or a previously machined blank 42 and according to the NC milling program to be processed for the relevant layer 10 to 20 downward-facing free broadside 60 machined from above with milling tools 36, 38, 40 pointing downwards.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE59604439T DE59604439D1 (de) | 1995-11-30 | 1996-10-31 | Verfahren zur fräsbearbeitung dreidimensionaler werkstücke |
KR1019980703879A KR19990071603A (ko) | 1995-11-30 | 1996-10-31 | 3차원 공작물의 밀링가공방법 및 밀링가공장치 |
EP96937315A EP0864121B1 (de) | 1995-11-30 | 1996-10-31 | Verfahren zur fräsbearbeitung dreidimensionaler werkstücke |
JP9520099A JP2000501032A (ja) | 1995-11-30 | 1996-10-31 | 3次元工作物をフライス加工する方法及び装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19544573A DE19544573C1 (de) | 1995-11-30 | 1995-11-30 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fräsbearbeitung dreidimensionaler Werkstücke |
DE19544573.2 | 1995-11-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997020259A1 true WO1997020259A1 (de) | 1997-06-05 |
Family
ID=7778753
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1996/004740 WO1997020259A1 (de) | 1995-11-30 | 1996-10-31 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur fräsbearbeitung dreidimensionaler werkstücke |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0864121B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000501032A (de) |
KR (1) | KR19990071603A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2238728A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19544573C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997020259A1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10027526B4 (de) * | 1999-06-04 | 2007-04-19 | Balič, Jože | Verfahren zur Fräsbearbeitung eines Werkstücks mit einem Fräswerkzeug, und daran angepaßte Fräseinrichtung |
CN103639495A (zh) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-19 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | 一种齿形橡胶成型模型腔的加工方法 |
CN111605031A (zh) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-01 | 青岛科技大学 | 一种基于分层制片与多工序控形控性的增材制造方法 |
EP3707570B1 (de) | 2017-11-06 | 2022-09-07 | REHAU Industries SE & Co. KG | Verfahren zur herstellung eines schachtbauteils oder eines schachtabschnitts oder eines schachts |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10014744B4 (de) * | 2000-03-24 | 2006-08-24 | Actech Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von metallischen Hohlformen |
DE10125067A1 (de) | 2001-05-23 | 2002-12-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Tellerrad |
DE10147843B4 (de) * | 2002-09-10 | 2006-09-14 | Actech Gmbh | Verfahren für die Herstellung von hitzebeständigen Gießformen aus bindemittelhaltigem Formsand |
DE10242191B4 (de) * | 2001-09-27 | 2009-02-05 | Actech Gmbh | Verfahren für die Herstellung von hitzebeständigen Gießformen |
DE10156332B4 (de) * | 2001-11-19 | 2005-09-15 | Actech Gmbh Advanced Casting Technologies Giessereitechnologie | Verfahren und Baukastensystem für die schnelle Herstellung von Giessformen |
DE102005023561A1 (de) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-11-23 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Ausnehmungen im Formsand eines Formkastens |
IT202100027881A1 (it) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-05-02 | Vecchio Carlo De | Pannello accoppiato per la formazione di fondi di lavabi definiti “swept” detto pannello essendo applicabile a qualsivoglia tipologia di sanitari ed a qualsiasi uso, ma altresì ottenuto con un particolare materiale definito hpl stratificato e suo metodo di realizzazione. |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3143847A1 (de) * | 1981-11-05 | 1983-05-11 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Hilfs-vorrichtung zum spanenden bearbeiten von faserverbundwerkstoffen, schaeumen oder dgl. |
DE3715518A1 (de) * | 1987-05-09 | 1988-11-17 | Max Striffler Gmbh U Co Maschi | Vorrichtung zur schlitzfraesenden oder bohrenden bearbeitung von fensterprofilen |
WO1990003893A1 (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-19 | Michael Feygin | An improved apparatus and method for forming an integral object from laminations |
US5156700A (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 1992-10-20 | Nct, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for making three-dimensional objects |
US5288186A (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1994-02-22 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Apparatus and method of high-pressure waterjet assisted cooling/lubrication in machining |
EP0655668A2 (de) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-05-31 | Ford Motor Company Limited | Schnelle Herstellung eines Profilteils |
WO1995015254A1 (de) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-06-08 | Mec Maschinenbau Entwicklung Consulting Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines werkstücks |
EP0738583A1 (de) * | 1993-12-29 | 1996-10-23 | Kira Corporation | Folienlaminierverfahren und folienlaminiervorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE307739C (de) * | ||||
DE3416660A1 (de) * | 1984-05-05 | 1985-11-07 | J.G. Weisser Söhne Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG, 7742 St Georgen | Drehmaschine |
DE4212175A1 (de) * | 1992-04-10 | 1993-10-14 | Emag Masch Vertriebs Serv Gmbh | Aus Baugruppen zusammengesetztes Bearbeitungszentrum |
-
1995
- 1995-11-30 DE DE19544573A patent/DE19544573C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-10-31 JP JP9520099A patent/JP2000501032A/ja active Pending
- 1996-10-31 DE DE59604439T patent/DE59604439D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-31 CA CA002238728A patent/CA2238728A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-31 WO PCT/EP1996/004740 patent/WO1997020259A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-10-31 EP EP96937315A patent/EP0864121B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-31 KR KR1019980703879A patent/KR19990071603A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3143847A1 (de) * | 1981-11-05 | 1983-05-11 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Hilfs-vorrichtung zum spanenden bearbeiten von faserverbundwerkstoffen, schaeumen oder dgl. |
DE3715518A1 (de) * | 1987-05-09 | 1988-11-17 | Max Striffler Gmbh U Co Maschi | Vorrichtung zur schlitzfraesenden oder bohrenden bearbeitung von fensterprofilen |
WO1990003893A1 (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-19 | Michael Feygin | An improved apparatus and method for forming an integral object from laminations |
US5156700A (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 1992-10-20 | Nct, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for making three-dimensional objects |
US5288186A (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1994-02-22 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Apparatus and method of high-pressure waterjet assisted cooling/lubrication in machining |
EP0655668A2 (de) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-05-31 | Ford Motor Company Limited | Schnelle Herstellung eines Profilteils |
WO1995015254A1 (de) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-06-08 | Mec Maschinenbau Entwicklung Consulting Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines werkstücks |
EP0738583A1 (de) * | 1993-12-29 | 1996-10-23 | Kira Corporation | Folienlaminierverfahren und folienlaminiervorrichtung |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10027526B4 (de) * | 1999-06-04 | 2007-04-19 | Balič, Jože | Verfahren zur Fräsbearbeitung eines Werkstücks mit einem Fräswerkzeug, und daran angepaßte Fräseinrichtung |
CN103639495A (zh) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-19 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | 一种齿形橡胶成型模型腔的加工方法 |
EP3707570B1 (de) | 2017-11-06 | 2022-09-07 | REHAU Industries SE & Co. KG | Verfahren zur herstellung eines schachtbauteils oder eines schachtabschnitts oder eines schachts |
CN111605031A (zh) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-01 | 青岛科技大学 | 一种基于分层制片与多工序控形控性的增材制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2000501032A (ja) | 2000-02-02 |
EP0864121A1 (de) | 1998-09-16 |
KR19990071603A (ko) | 1999-09-27 |
CA2238728A1 (en) | 1997-06-05 |
DE59604439D1 (de) | 2000-03-16 |
DE19544573C1 (de) | 1996-09-12 |
EP0864121B1 (de) | 2000-02-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0790875B1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von metallischen werkstücken | |
EP1430983B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Formgebung durch elektrochemisches Abtragen | |
EP0707535B1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines werkstücks | |
DE102005016027B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Druckschablone für den technischen Siebdruck und damit hergestellte Druckschablone | |
WO2002042056A1 (de) | Generatives verfahren zur herstellung eines bauteils sowie vorrichtung zu durchführung des verfahrens | |
DE102017108263A1 (de) | Kombinierte Bearbeitung durch flüssigkeitsgeführtes Lasern und Funkenerodieren | |
DE60110352T2 (de) | Mehrstufige verarbeitungs-vorrichtung | |
EP1521657A1 (de) | Metallisches werkstück sowie verfahren zur herstellung desselben | |
EP3655235B1 (de) | Verfahren zur additiven fertigung sowie substrateinheit-system | |
DE19544573C1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fräsbearbeitung dreidimensionaler Werkstücke | |
DE112016002865T5 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensional geformten Objekts | |
EP3321011A1 (de) | Verfahren zur verbesserung der oberflächenqualität generativ hergestellter bauteile | |
DE19836330A1 (de) | Abstreifgerät und Abstreifverfahren | |
EP2923836B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung einer druckschablone für den technischen druck | |
EP1090728A2 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Strukturen aus metallischen Folien | |
DE102009022931A1 (de) | Stanzwerkzeug und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben | |
DE10211511B4 (de) | Verfahren zum Fügen von planaren übereinander angeordneten Laminaten zu Laminatpaketen oder Laminatbauteilen durch Laserstrahlschweißen | |
DE102005021641B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers | |
DE102005021642B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines einkristallinen Formkörpers | |
WO2011089190A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum erzeugen von fingerstrukturen | |
DE3590750C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Fertigung einer Scherschneid-Fertigunsstrasse | |
DE2206794A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines T-Schlitzes in einem Werkzeugmaschinentisch | |
DE19900963A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Strukturen | |
DE4117003A1 (de) | Verfahren zur bestimmung eines werkstueckbearbeitungsverfahrens, und zugehoeriges datenverarbeitungssystem | |
DE102021131372A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Werkstücks |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CA JP KR US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1996937315 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1019980703879 Country of ref document: KR |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2238728 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2238728 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 1997 520099 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1996937315 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1019980703879 Country of ref document: KR |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1996937315 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1019980703879 Country of ref document: KR |