CA2238728A1 - Method and device for milling three-dimensional workpieces - Google Patents
Method and device for milling three-dimensional workpieces Download PDFInfo
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- CA2238728A1 CA2238728A1 CA002238728A CA2238728A CA2238728A1 CA 2238728 A1 CA2238728 A1 CA 2238728A1 CA 002238728 A CA002238728 A CA 002238728A CA 2238728 A CA2238728 A CA 2238728A CA 2238728 A1 CA2238728 A1 CA 2238728A1
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- Prior art keywords
- milling
- blanks
- layer
- machined
- workpiece
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
- G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
The invention concerns a method and device for milling three-dimensional workpieces, in particular for producing casting moulds and erosion electrodes. According to the method, a geometric description of the workpiece (1), preferably in the form of 3D CAD data, is broken down digitally into 2D or 3D data in a plurality of layers (10 to 20) of the same or different thicknesses and transformed therefrom into NC milling programmes to be executed layer-by-layer. In order to produce the workpiece (1), plate-like blanks (42) with predetermined, optionally variable thicknesses are connected successively in a laminar manner to a base plate (54) or a previously machined blank (42) and machined by upwardly directed milling tools (36, 38, 40) according to the NC milling programme to be executed for the layer (10 to 20) in question, upwards from the downwardly facing free broad side (60) of the blank.
Description
CA ~2238728 l998-~s-27 Method and device for milling three-~;m~ional workpieces Description The invention is related to a method for milling three-dimensional workpieces, in which a geometric description of the workpiece, preferably in the form of 3D CAD data, is numerical-ly broken down into 2D or 3D data of a plurality of layers of equal or differing thickness and, starting therefrom, is trans-formed into NC milling programs which are to be executed layer-by-layer. For the production of the workpiece plate-shaped blanks having a predetermined wall thickness are machined ac-cording to the NC-milling programm applicable to the correspon-ding layer and are joined to each other at their facing broad side surfaces, for instance by means of an adhesive. In this manner it is possible to produce and assemble layer-by-layer complex three-dimensional workpieces by means of comparatively simple automated production steps. When using this method, though, it is necessary to very carefully assemble the machined blanks in order to achieve precisely fitting joints between the blanks without protruding excess adhesive. Furthermore, dif-ficulties concerning chip removal may arise especially for deep and narrow contours in the workpiece.
Based on this it is the object of the invention to develop a method and a device of the type described above, with which the joining operation is simplified and the chip removal during the machining is improved.
For the solution of this object the combinations of features of patent claims l and 15 are suggested. Advantageous embodiments, further developments and preferred applications result from the dependent claims.
The solution according to the invention is based on the idea ~hat plate-shaped blanks having a predetermined, optionally va-riable, wall thickness are joined successively in a laminar CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 manner to a base structure or a previously machined blank and machined according to the NC-milling programm applicable to the corresponding layer at their lower exposed broad side from be-low with upwardly directed milling tools.
The method according to the invention is suited especially for producing workpieces having a preferred orientaion, for instan-ce casting moulds or erosion electrodes, in the contours of which the direction of removal from the mould defines the pre-ferred orientation. The laminar technique according to the in-vention makes possible a standardized choise of tools, since it is always relatively thin, similar layers which have to be ma-chined. The milling data can be optimized for a given material.
In particular, always the same milling parameters, such as feed speed and offset step, result for a given layer thickness and equal material. The overhead milling according to the invention ensures a good removal of chips and material. This advantage becomes apparent especially for deep contours, in which other=
wise surplus material and chips could collect, which are dif-ficult to remove. Furthermore, the overhead milling ensuresthat adhesive protruding from a joint flows in the direction o~
the last added, not yet machined blank and is removed together with the chips during the following machining operation. The coolant and lubricant fed to the place of machining by way of the milling tool may also easily flow downward during overhead milling, carrying along the chips.
Accordi~g to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is pro-vided that the plate-shaped blanks are taken from a stack of blanks or pulled of a supply roll and cut to length. The not-yet-machined blanks are then glued, welded or soldered with their upwardly oriented broad side surface to the downwardly oriented broad side sur~ace of the previously machined blank.
In order to save adhesive, the not-yet-machined blanks are only partially covered with glue at the points of contact with the previously machined blank.
CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 In order to ensure an exact alignment of the plane surface for the following lamination and a high degree of dimensional pre-cision, it is of advantage when the blanks which are added last are plane-milled before or after the contour machining under settlng of a defined thickness measure.
The transformation of the geometric data into the NC programs for the individual layers is performed taking into considerati-on a predetermined milling strategy. In this, especially theline offset during the milling operation has to be preset, which determines the precision and the surface quality of the workpiece. In the interest of a smooth transition at the joint between two layers it is of advantage when the first lines are not fully milled but milled away together with the adhesive when machining the following layer. In this case the region of the joint between two blanks is therefore machined in an over-lapping manner. The line offset can also be chosen to be varia-ble, especially in the instance of slanted contours, in order to achieve a defined surface roughness. In this case the NC
program automatically determines additional intermediate steps which ensure that the line offset is matched to the variable angle of attack.
For graphite workpieces which are mainly used as electrodes for the cavity-sinking erosion technique it is important that the workpieces are continuously electracally conducting. In this instance an electrically conductive adhesive is expediently used. Furthermore, scavenging bores are needed in this case, which facilitate the removal of material and at the same time serve a cooling function. These scavenging bores can be created by the milling process in that portions which are overlapped by higher layers are removed in deeper layers. The milling chan-nels can be led to the outside by means o~ sink bores.
In order to lncrease the conductivity between the individual layers it can be necessary to provide openings created by the ~ CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 milling process, which may be fitted with conductive pins after completion of the workpiece.
An especially advantageous device for implementing the method according to the invention has at least one milling head for accepting milling tools, a workpiece holder, and a multiple axis CNC control for the relative movement of the milling head with respect to the workpiece holder, wherein the workpiece holder is disposed above the milling head and is adapted to be supplied ~rom below with plate-shaped blanks, one after the other, which blanks are adapted to be joined to each other at their broad side surfaces and which blanks are machined from below layer-by-layer with the aid of the CNC-control. Further, the device advantageously comprises a storage space for blanks which is preferably formed to be a plate stack or supply roll, a device for applying an adhesive to at least one broad side surface of the blanks to be joined to each other, and a manipu-lating device ~or the blanks to be joined to each other.
The method according to the invention is suited in particular for manufacturing casting moulds made of metal, ceramic materi-al or synthetic material, for manufacturing cavity-sinking ero-sion electrodes made of graphite, and for manufacturing models or protDtypes made of metal, ceramic material, synthetic mate-rial or wood.
In the following the invention is further described with refe-rence to the accompanying drawing, in which:
~0 Fig. la and b show a schematic graphic representation of a workpiece geometry with two examples of a layer divi-sion, having a constant and a variable layer thick-nessi ~5 Fig. 2 schematically shows a feeding device in a milling station for manufacturing three-dimensional work-pleces i ~ CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 s Fig. 3a to c show three typical stages of the milling process;
~ Fig. 4a to f show a schematic representation of a series of intermediate steps when machining a workpiece accor-ding to Fig. lb.
The method described hereafter with reference to the drawing is intended for milling complex three-dimensional workpieces, for instance casting moulds or erosion electrodes. The geometry of the workpiece 1 is ~irst measured as 3D CAD data with the aid of a suitable computer software. These geometries are usually geometries which are not suited to be milled from stock due to the complexness and deeply undercut contours. The manufacturing is therefore performed by means of the layer process, in which the workpiece 1 is successively assembled from plate-shaped ma-terial layers 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 having equal (Fig. la) or variable (Fig. lb) layer thicknesses. The layer thickness is chosen such that in each layer a sufficient amount of material is present for the milling operation at the places to be ma-chined. In the instance of equal layer thicknesses as in Fig.
la, this is not the case at points 22 and 24, which is why in this example the configuration of Fig. lb, in which the thick-ness of layer 16 is less than that of the other layers, is pre-ferred. Moreover, in the configuration shown in Fig. lb support areas 30 are provided outside the outer edge 26 of the work-piece, which areas are separated from the outer edge 26 by a gap 28 and which ensure an exact positioning of the joining planes 32 between the layers at all stages of the process.
After determining the layers 10 to 20 the 3D CAD data-set of the workpiece geometry is broken down into 2D or 3D data of in-dividual layers 10 to 20 by means of a software routine. With the additional predetermination of the milling strategy (in particular the choice of milling tool for pre-milling and ~ine milling, fee~ speed, and line offset), the NC programs to be -~ . CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 performed layer-by-layer can be created from the layer-speciflc contour data thus obtained.
The actual application of the milling programs to the workpiece takes place in a CNC milling machine 34 which comprises a mil-ling head which is adapted to accept milling tools 36, 38, 40, a blank supply magazine 44 which is filled with plate-shaped blanks 42, a device 46 for applying an adhesive, and a handling facility for the blanks 42, which has a displacement member 48 and a pressure member 50.
For the production of the workpiece 1 the top broad side sur-face 52 o~ the uppermost blank 42 is coated with adhesive with the aid of the coating device 46, and is then glued to a base plate 54, which is disposed on a tool holder (not shown), as layer 10 by means of the displacement member 48 and the pressu-re member 50. Thereafter, the NC milling program allocated to layer 10 is performed, and the contours 56, 58 which are shown in Fig. 4a are milled into the layer 10 from the broad side 60.
When the contour-milling of the first layer 10 is finished, a further blank 42 is taken from the magazine 44 and joined to the free broad side surface 60 of the layer 10 with its adhesi-ve-coated broad side surface 52 (Fig. 4b). This blank is milled from the free broad side surface 60 according to the NC program allocated to layer 12, forming the contours 56, 58. This process is repeated for the layers 14, 16, 18, and 20 (Fig. 4c to f), until the workpiece 1 is completed.
As can be seen from Fig. 3a and b for the milling step of Fig.
4d, the milling is performed overhead with upwardly oriented end-milling cutters 36, 38, wherein the milling tool 36 is used for pre-milling and the milling tool 38 is used for fine mil-ling. The surplus pieces 62 and chips 64 created during the milling process fall downward according to gravity. Chip remo-val is further aided by coolant and lubricant sprayed upward through the milling head in the direction of the workpiece 1 and de~lected downward at the workpiece. As can be seen espe-~ CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 cially in Fig. 3b, the contour machining is performed in steps along progressing milling paths from bottom to top, for example in steps of 0.5 mm, wherei~ the final milling path crosses into the previously machined layer 14, overlapping the plane 32 of the joint, and ensures that a smooth, adhesive-free transition between the layers 14, 16 results.
In order to avoid incremental errors during the layer build-up, the free broad side surface 60 is machined to a predefined di-stance value using a plane milling tool 40 before or after eachcontour machining step. The support areas 30 at the outer edges ensure that the following blank 42 is aligned precisely in the joint plane 32 and can be ~oined to the previously machined blank. After completion of the workpiece 1 the portions forming the support areas 30 are removed from the base plate 54, and the workpiece is put to its use after optional finishing and tempering.
In summary the following is to be stated: The invention is re-lated to a method for milling three-dimensional workpieces, especially for manufacturing casting moulds and erosion electrodes. According to the method a geometric description o~
the workpiece 1, preferably in the form o~ 3D CAD data, is nu-merically broken down into 2D or 3D data of a plurality of layers 10 to 20 of equal or dif~ering thickness and, starting there~rom, is transformed into NC milling programs which are to be executed layer-by-layer. For the production o~ the workpiece 1 plate-shaped blanks 42 having a predetermined, optionally va-riable, wall thickness are ~oined successively in a laminar manner to a base structure 54 or a previously machined blank 42 and machined according to the NC-milling programm applicable to the corresponding layer 10 to 20 at their lower exposed broad side 6Q ~rom below with upwardly directed milling tools 36, 38, 40.
Based on this it is the object of the invention to develop a method and a device of the type described above, with which the joining operation is simplified and the chip removal during the machining is improved.
For the solution of this object the combinations of features of patent claims l and 15 are suggested. Advantageous embodiments, further developments and preferred applications result from the dependent claims.
The solution according to the invention is based on the idea ~hat plate-shaped blanks having a predetermined, optionally va-riable, wall thickness are joined successively in a laminar CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 manner to a base structure or a previously machined blank and machined according to the NC-milling programm applicable to the corresponding layer at their lower exposed broad side from be-low with upwardly directed milling tools.
The method according to the invention is suited especially for producing workpieces having a preferred orientaion, for instan-ce casting moulds or erosion electrodes, in the contours of which the direction of removal from the mould defines the pre-ferred orientation. The laminar technique according to the in-vention makes possible a standardized choise of tools, since it is always relatively thin, similar layers which have to be ma-chined. The milling data can be optimized for a given material.
In particular, always the same milling parameters, such as feed speed and offset step, result for a given layer thickness and equal material. The overhead milling according to the invention ensures a good removal of chips and material. This advantage becomes apparent especially for deep contours, in which other=
wise surplus material and chips could collect, which are dif-ficult to remove. Furthermore, the overhead milling ensuresthat adhesive protruding from a joint flows in the direction o~
the last added, not yet machined blank and is removed together with the chips during the following machining operation. The coolant and lubricant fed to the place of machining by way of the milling tool may also easily flow downward during overhead milling, carrying along the chips.
Accordi~g to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is pro-vided that the plate-shaped blanks are taken from a stack of blanks or pulled of a supply roll and cut to length. The not-yet-machined blanks are then glued, welded or soldered with their upwardly oriented broad side surface to the downwardly oriented broad side sur~ace of the previously machined blank.
In order to save adhesive, the not-yet-machined blanks are only partially covered with glue at the points of contact with the previously machined blank.
CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 In order to ensure an exact alignment of the plane surface for the following lamination and a high degree of dimensional pre-cision, it is of advantage when the blanks which are added last are plane-milled before or after the contour machining under settlng of a defined thickness measure.
The transformation of the geometric data into the NC programs for the individual layers is performed taking into considerati-on a predetermined milling strategy. In this, especially theline offset during the milling operation has to be preset, which determines the precision and the surface quality of the workpiece. In the interest of a smooth transition at the joint between two layers it is of advantage when the first lines are not fully milled but milled away together with the adhesive when machining the following layer. In this case the region of the joint between two blanks is therefore machined in an over-lapping manner. The line offset can also be chosen to be varia-ble, especially in the instance of slanted contours, in order to achieve a defined surface roughness. In this case the NC
program automatically determines additional intermediate steps which ensure that the line offset is matched to the variable angle of attack.
For graphite workpieces which are mainly used as electrodes for the cavity-sinking erosion technique it is important that the workpieces are continuously electracally conducting. In this instance an electrically conductive adhesive is expediently used. Furthermore, scavenging bores are needed in this case, which facilitate the removal of material and at the same time serve a cooling function. These scavenging bores can be created by the milling process in that portions which are overlapped by higher layers are removed in deeper layers. The milling chan-nels can be led to the outside by means o~ sink bores.
In order to lncrease the conductivity between the individual layers it can be necessary to provide openings created by the ~ CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 milling process, which may be fitted with conductive pins after completion of the workpiece.
An especially advantageous device for implementing the method according to the invention has at least one milling head for accepting milling tools, a workpiece holder, and a multiple axis CNC control for the relative movement of the milling head with respect to the workpiece holder, wherein the workpiece holder is disposed above the milling head and is adapted to be supplied ~rom below with plate-shaped blanks, one after the other, which blanks are adapted to be joined to each other at their broad side surfaces and which blanks are machined from below layer-by-layer with the aid of the CNC-control. Further, the device advantageously comprises a storage space for blanks which is preferably formed to be a plate stack or supply roll, a device for applying an adhesive to at least one broad side surface of the blanks to be joined to each other, and a manipu-lating device ~or the blanks to be joined to each other.
The method according to the invention is suited in particular for manufacturing casting moulds made of metal, ceramic materi-al or synthetic material, for manufacturing cavity-sinking ero-sion electrodes made of graphite, and for manufacturing models or protDtypes made of metal, ceramic material, synthetic mate-rial or wood.
In the following the invention is further described with refe-rence to the accompanying drawing, in which:
~0 Fig. la and b show a schematic graphic representation of a workpiece geometry with two examples of a layer divi-sion, having a constant and a variable layer thick-nessi ~5 Fig. 2 schematically shows a feeding device in a milling station for manufacturing three-dimensional work-pleces i ~ CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 s Fig. 3a to c show three typical stages of the milling process;
~ Fig. 4a to f show a schematic representation of a series of intermediate steps when machining a workpiece accor-ding to Fig. lb.
The method described hereafter with reference to the drawing is intended for milling complex three-dimensional workpieces, for instance casting moulds or erosion electrodes. The geometry of the workpiece 1 is ~irst measured as 3D CAD data with the aid of a suitable computer software. These geometries are usually geometries which are not suited to be milled from stock due to the complexness and deeply undercut contours. The manufacturing is therefore performed by means of the layer process, in which the workpiece 1 is successively assembled from plate-shaped ma-terial layers 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 having equal (Fig. la) or variable (Fig. lb) layer thicknesses. The layer thickness is chosen such that in each layer a sufficient amount of material is present for the milling operation at the places to be ma-chined. In the instance of equal layer thicknesses as in Fig.
la, this is not the case at points 22 and 24, which is why in this example the configuration of Fig. lb, in which the thick-ness of layer 16 is less than that of the other layers, is pre-ferred. Moreover, in the configuration shown in Fig. lb support areas 30 are provided outside the outer edge 26 of the work-piece, which areas are separated from the outer edge 26 by a gap 28 and which ensure an exact positioning of the joining planes 32 between the layers at all stages of the process.
After determining the layers 10 to 20 the 3D CAD data-set of the workpiece geometry is broken down into 2D or 3D data of in-dividual layers 10 to 20 by means of a software routine. With the additional predetermination of the milling strategy (in particular the choice of milling tool for pre-milling and ~ine milling, fee~ speed, and line offset), the NC programs to be -~ . CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 performed layer-by-layer can be created from the layer-speciflc contour data thus obtained.
The actual application of the milling programs to the workpiece takes place in a CNC milling machine 34 which comprises a mil-ling head which is adapted to accept milling tools 36, 38, 40, a blank supply magazine 44 which is filled with plate-shaped blanks 42, a device 46 for applying an adhesive, and a handling facility for the blanks 42, which has a displacement member 48 and a pressure member 50.
For the production of the workpiece 1 the top broad side sur-face 52 o~ the uppermost blank 42 is coated with adhesive with the aid of the coating device 46, and is then glued to a base plate 54, which is disposed on a tool holder (not shown), as layer 10 by means of the displacement member 48 and the pressu-re member 50. Thereafter, the NC milling program allocated to layer 10 is performed, and the contours 56, 58 which are shown in Fig. 4a are milled into the layer 10 from the broad side 60.
When the contour-milling of the first layer 10 is finished, a further blank 42 is taken from the magazine 44 and joined to the free broad side surface 60 of the layer 10 with its adhesi-ve-coated broad side surface 52 (Fig. 4b). This blank is milled from the free broad side surface 60 according to the NC program allocated to layer 12, forming the contours 56, 58. This process is repeated for the layers 14, 16, 18, and 20 (Fig. 4c to f), until the workpiece 1 is completed.
As can be seen from Fig. 3a and b for the milling step of Fig.
4d, the milling is performed overhead with upwardly oriented end-milling cutters 36, 38, wherein the milling tool 36 is used for pre-milling and the milling tool 38 is used for fine mil-ling. The surplus pieces 62 and chips 64 created during the milling process fall downward according to gravity. Chip remo-val is further aided by coolant and lubricant sprayed upward through the milling head in the direction of the workpiece 1 and de~lected downward at the workpiece. As can be seen espe-~ CA 02238728 1998-0~-27 cially in Fig. 3b, the contour machining is performed in steps along progressing milling paths from bottom to top, for example in steps of 0.5 mm, wherei~ the final milling path crosses into the previously machined layer 14, overlapping the plane 32 of the joint, and ensures that a smooth, adhesive-free transition between the layers 14, 16 results.
In order to avoid incremental errors during the layer build-up, the free broad side surface 60 is machined to a predefined di-stance value using a plane milling tool 40 before or after eachcontour machining step. The support areas 30 at the outer edges ensure that the following blank 42 is aligned precisely in the joint plane 32 and can be ~oined to the previously machined blank. After completion of the workpiece 1 the portions forming the support areas 30 are removed from the base plate 54, and the workpiece is put to its use after optional finishing and tempering.
In summary the following is to be stated: The invention is re-lated to a method for milling three-dimensional workpieces, especially for manufacturing casting moulds and erosion electrodes. According to the method a geometric description o~
the workpiece 1, preferably in the form o~ 3D CAD data, is nu-merically broken down into 2D or 3D data of a plurality of layers 10 to 20 of equal or dif~ering thickness and, starting there~rom, is transformed into NC milling programs which are to be executed layer-by-layer. For the production o~ the workpiece 1 plate-shaped blanks 42 having a predetermined, optionally va-riable, wall thickness are ~oined successively in a laminar manner to a base structure 54 or a previously machined blank 42 and machined according to the NC-milling programm applicable to the corresponding layer 10 to 20 at their lower exposed broad side 6Q ~rom below with upwardly directed milling tools 36, 38, 40.
Claims (15)
1. A method for milling three-dimensional workpieces, in which a geometric description of the workpiece (1), preferably in the form of 3D CAD data, is numerically broken down into 2D or 3D data of a plurality of layers (10 to 20) of equal or differing thickness and, starting therefrom, is transformed into NC milling programs which are to be executed layer-by-layer, and in which plate-shaped blanks (42) having a predetermined, optionally variable, wall thickness are joined successively in a laminar manner to a base structure (54) or a previously machined blank (42) and machined according to the NC-milling programm applicable to the corresponding layer (10 to 20) at their lower exposed broad side (60) from below with upwardly directed milling tools (36, 38, 40), stepwise along a plurality of milling paths which are arranged above each other at constant or variable line offsets, starting from the downwardly oriented broad side surface (60), wherein the region of the joint (32) between two layer-forming blanks (42) is machined in an overlapping manner.
2. The method of claim 1, characterized in that the plate-shaped blanks (42) are taken from a stack (44) of blanks or pulled of a supply roll and cut to length.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the not-yet-machined blanks (42) are glued, welded or soldered to the base structure or the previously machined blank (42).
4. The method of one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the not-yet-machined blanks (42) are partially covered with adhesive at the points of contact with the previously machined blank.
5. The method of one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that support areas (30) for the following blanks (42) are milled from the blanks (42), preferably in the region outside the workpiece to be machined, which support areas are removed from the finished workpiece (1) by a final machining step.
6. The method of one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the blanks (42) are covered with an adhesive or an adhesive component at their broad side surfaces (52, 60) which are to be joined to each other.
7. The method of one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the blanks (42) which are added last are plane-milled before or after the contour machining under setting of a defined thickness measure.
8. The method of one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the workpiece (1) is subjected to an upwardly directed jet of coolant and lubricant during the milling operation.
9. The method of one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an electrically conducting adhesive is used to join the blanks (42).
10. The method of one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that channels or openings are milled into the free broad side surface (60) of at least one of the layers (10 to 20).
11. The method of claim 10, characterized in that the openings are outfitted with electrically conducting pins.
12. The method of one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the finished workpiece (1) is tempered.
13. Application of the method of one of claims 1 to 12 to produce casting moulds made of metal, ceramic material or synthetic material.
14. Application of the method of one of claims 1 to 12 to produce cavity-sinking erosion electrodes made of graphite.
15. Application of the method of one of claims 1 to 12 to produce models or prototypes made of metal, ceramic material, synthetic material or wood.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19544573.2 | 1995-11-30 | ||
| DE19544573A DE19544573C1 (en) | 1995-11-30 | 1995-11-30 | Programme-controlled milling for 3-dimensional workpiece |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2238728A1 true CA2238728A1 (en) | 1997-06-05 |
Family
ID=7778753
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002238728A Abandoned CA2238728A1 (en) | 1995-11-30 | 1996-10-31 | Method and device for milling three-dimensional workpieces |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0864121B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2000501032A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR19990071603A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2238728A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19544573C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997020259A1 (en) |
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| SI20048A2 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-02-29 | Jože Balič | Device for step milling |
| DE10014744B4 (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2006-08-24 | Actech Gmbh | Process for the production of metallic molds |
| DE10125067A1 (en) | 2001-05-23 | 2002-12-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | crown |
| DE10242191B4 (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2009-02-05 | Actech Gmbh | Process for the production of heat-resistant casting molds |
| DE10147843B4 (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2006-09-14 | Actech Gmbh | Process for the production of heat-resistant casting molds from binder-containing foundry sand |
| DE10156332B4 (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2005-09-15 | Actech Gmbh Advanced Casting Technologies Giessereitechnologie | Method and modular system for the rapid production of molds |
| DE102005023561A1 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-11-23 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Method and device for producing recesses in the molding sand of a molding box |
| CN103639495B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-12-30 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of profile of tooth rubber-moulding model cavity |
| DE102017125835A1 (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-09 | Rehau Ag + Co | Method for producing a manhole or a manhole or a manhole and manhole or manhole or manhole produced by the process |
| CN111605031B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2023-04-07 | 青岛科技大学 | Additive manufacturing method based on layered sheet production and multi-process shape control and controllability |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE307739C (en) * | ||||
| DE3143847A1 (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1983-05-11 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Auxiliary device for machining fibre composites, foams or the like |
| DE3416660A1 (en) * | 1984-05-05 | 1985-11-07 | J.G. Weisser Söhne Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG, 7742 St Georgen | Lathe |
| DE3715518A1 (en) * | 1987-05-09 | 1988-11-17 | Max Striffler Gmbh U Co Maschi | Automatic milling and drilling appts. for window profiles - comprises sliding tilting drills above and below workable with programmable feed |
| WO1990003893A1 (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-19 | Michael Feygin | An improved apparatus and method for forming an integral object from laminations |
| IL95077A0 (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 1991-06-10 | N C T Limited | Method and apparatus for making three-dimensional objects |
| DE4212175A1 (en) * | 1992-04-10 | 1993-10-14 | Emag Masch Vertriebs Serv Gmbh | Machining center composed of assemblies |
| US5288186A (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1994-02-22 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Apparatus and method of high-pressure waterjet assisted cooling/lubrication in machining |
| US5872714A (en) * | 1993-11-26 | 1999-02-16 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Rapidly making a contoured part |
| DE4340646A1 (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-06-01 | Mec Gmbh | Method and device for producing a workpiece serving as a prototype |
| DE69414003T2 (en) * | 1993-12-29 | 1999-04-01 | Kira Corp Kk | FILM LAMINATION PROCESS |
-
1995
- 1995-11-30 DE DE19544573A patent/DE19544573C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-10-31 WO PCT/EP1996/004740 patent/WO1997020259A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-10-31 CA CA002238728A patent/CA2238728A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-31 EP EP96937315A patent/EP0864121B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-31 KR KR1019980703879A patent/KR19990071603A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-10-31 JP JP9520099A patent/JP2000501032A/en active Pending
- 1996-10-31 DE DE59604439T patent/DE59604439D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT202100027881A1 (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-05-02 | Vecchio Carlo De | COUPLED PANEL FOR THE FORMATION OF WASHBASIN BOTTOMS DEFINED AS “SWEPT” SAID PANEL BEING APPLICABLE TO ANY TYPE OF SANITARY FITTINGS AND ANY USE, BUT ALSO OBTAINED WITH A PARTICULAR MATERIAL DEFINED AS STRATIFIED HPL AND ITS PRODUCTION METHOD. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0864121B1 (en) | 2000-02-09 |
| WO1997020259A1 (en) | 1997-06-05 |
| EP0864121A1 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
| JP2000501032A (en) | 2000-02-02 |
| DE59604439D1 (en) | 2000-03-16 |
| DE19544573C1 (en) | 1996-09-12 |
| KR19990071603A (en) | 1999-09-27 |
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