Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
  • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
  • C04B24/08—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
  • C04B24/12—Nitrogen containing compounds organic derivatives of hydrazine
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
  • C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
  • C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
  • C04B24/18—Lignin sulfonic acid or derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfite lye

Definitions

• the present invention relates to admixtures for hydraulic cement compositions, and more particularly to a multifunctional admixture that combines set acceleration and air entrainment properties.
• hydraulic cement refers to a cement which hardens by a chemical interaction or reaction with water. It is publicly known that certain properties of hydraulic cements can be modified by the addition of any number of chemical additives. For example, it is known to add calcium nitrate as a set accelerator. However, calcium nitrate may beTncompatable when combined in the hydratable cement mixture with other kinds of additives, chemicals, and agents. In the present invention, the inventors have discovered a novel combination of chemical additives for simultaneously achieving a number of properties in a hydraulic cement composition.
• the present invention relates to a multifunctional hydraulic cement composition admixture which comprises a set accelerator which is an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt which is a salt of an organic or inorganic acid, and a fatty acid aminosulfonic acid surfactant.
• the set accelerator is a calcium salt, such as calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, calcium formate, or calcium nitrite, and a fatty acid aminosulfonic acid having the general formula
• M is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, or alkyl ammonium ion
• the set accelerator comprises calcium nitrate
• Another preferred multi-functional hydraulic cement admixture of the invention further comprises, in addition to the set accelerator and surfactant, a water reducing agent, an early strength enhancing agent, and preferably both.
• the water reducing agent may comprise a lignosulfonate, such as calcium lignosulfonate.
• the early strength enhancing agent may comprise an alkanolamine, preferably a triethanolamine.
• preferred multi-functional hydraulic cement composition admixtures of the invention can comprise a set accelerator, a water reducing agent, an early strength enhancing agent, and a fatty acid aminosulfonic acid surfactant which is believed to be operative to act as an air entraining agent. While some of these functions may have been combined simultaneously within one admixture formulation, it is believed that the combination of certain of these functional components, such as the set accelerator with the surfactant agents, not to mention all four of the functional components just described, has not been disclose or suggested by the prior art.
• the present invention further relates to hydraulic cement mixes, including concrete mixes, comprising multi-functional admixtures described above and hereinafter.
• cement composition refers to pastes, mortars and concrete compositions comprising a hydraulic cement binder.
• Pastes are mixtures composed of a hydraulic cement binder, for example, Portland cement, either alone or in combination with other components such as fly ash, silica fume or blast furnace slag, and water; mortars are pastes additionally including fine aggregate, and concretes are mortars additionally including coarse aggregate.
• the cement compositions of this invention are formed by mixing certain amounts of required materials, e.g., a hydraulic cement, water, and fine or coarse aggregate, as may be applicable for the particular cement composition being formed.
• concrete includes and refers to a mixture of such hydraulic cements and inert aggregates.
• Typical aggregates include conventional "coarse” aggregates such as gravel, granite, limestone, quartz sieve, etc., as well as those materials conventionally referred to as “fine” aggregates such as sand and fly ash.
• Conventional hydraulic cement concretes e.g., Portland cement concretes, employ major amounts of such aggregates, i.e. over 50% and usually up to about 75% by volume, in the set product.
• the present invention pertains to a hydraulic cement composition admixture comprising a set accelerator component, preferably calcium nitrate, and a fatty acid aminosulfonic acid surfactant component, preferably sodium N-methyl oleoyl taurate.
• a set accelerator component preferably calcium nitrate
• a fatty acid aminosulfonic acid surfactant component preferably sodium N-methyl oleoyl taurate.
• Other preferred admixtures additionally comprise a water reducing agent, such as an alkanolamine and more preferably a triethanolamine; an early strength enhancing component, such as a lignosulfonate and preferably a calcium lignosulfonate; and, still more preferably, the admixture additionally comprises both the triethanolamine and calcium lignosulfonate.
• the admixture components can be blended into a stable solution using conventional mixing equipment.
• the set-accelerating component may be any compound which, when added to a cement composition, reduces the amount of time required for the cement composition to harden.
• an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt which is a salt of an organic or inorganic acid may be employed.
• alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrate, nitrite, and formate examples of these compounds are alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrate, nitrite, and formate; alkali or alkaline earth metal salts of Group VII halogen and pseudohalogen acids, such as alkali or alkaline earth metal chloride, bromide, iodide, cyanide, cyanate, azide, and thiocyanate; alkali or alkaline earth metal thiosulfate and perchlorate; and.alkali or alkaline earth metal aluminates, silicates, and hydroxides, e.g., sodium hydroxide.
• Calcium salts are particularly advantageous, especially calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, calcium formate, and calcium nitrite. Calcium nitrate is preferred.
• the fatty acid aminosulfonic acid which is believed to operate as an air entraining agent in a hydraulic cement composition, may be an alkali or alkali earth metal salt of an N-alkyl-N-tall oil aminosulfonic acid, having the general formula
• R is a hydrogen, alkyl group or aryl group;
• x is 1 to 10;
• M is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, ammonium, or alkyl ammonium ion; and "n" is 1 to 3.
• a preferred fatty acid aminosulfonic acid surfactant comprises sodium N-methyl-N- oleoyl taurate, which is available from Rhone-Poulenc, Cranbury, New Jersey, under the tradename Igepon T-33.
• the water reducing agent may be an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of lignosulfonic acid, polycarboxylic acid, napthalene sulfonic acid condensate, melamine sulfonic acid condensate, hydroxylated carboxylic acids, and carbohydrates such as corn syrup.
• the water reducing agent is a lignosulfonate, such as calcium lignosulfonate.
• Early strength enhancing agents are known, as is the term “early strength,” by which is meant compressive strength at 1 - 3 days (see e.g., ASTM C-39).
• Early strength enhancing agents include alkanolamines.
• An alkanolamine is a generic term for a group of compounds in which trivalent nitrogen is attached directly to a carbon atom of an alkyl alcohol, and examples are monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
• Alkanolamines also include methyldiethanolamine and triisopropanolamine.
• Preferred multi-functional admixtures of the invention are preferably used in an amount of 0.05-1.0% s/s based on cement in the concrete, where "% s/s" designates percent admixture solids on cement solids.
• a preferred admixture may comprise calcium nitrate in the range of 90-99.5% s/s and sodium N-methyl oleoyl taurate in the range of 0.5-10.0% s/s.
• Another preferred admixture comprises calcium nitrate (50-90% s/s); calcium lignosulfonate (5.0-40.0% s/s); triethanolamine or triisopropanolamine (0.1 -5.0% s/s); and sodium N-methyl oleoyl taurate (0.01-5.0% s/s).

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

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Citations (4)

• 1996
  • 1996-11-15 JP JP51980097A patent/JP4251505B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-11-15 AU AU77336/96A patent/AU7733696A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-11-15 WO PCT/US1996/018300 patent/WO1997019032A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-11-15 KR KR1019980703599A patent/KR100579778B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (4)

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