WO1997017509A1 - Dalle composite, plaque profilee pour cette dalle et procede de production d'une dalle composite - Google Patents

Dalle composite, plaque profilee pour cette dalle et procede de production d'une dalle composite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997017509A1
WO1997017509A1 PCT/FI1996/000603 FI9600603W WO9717509A1 WO 1997017509 A1 WO1997017509 A1 WO 1997017509A1 FI 9600603 W FI9600603 W FI 9600603W WO 9717509 A1 WO9717509 A1 WO 9717509A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bottom plate
slab
dovetail
composite slab
core
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1996/000603
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Juha VAINIONPÄÄ
Original Assignee
Germix Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FI955396A external-priority patent/FI955396A/fi
Application filed by Germix Oy filed Critical Germix Oy
Priority to EP96938228A priority Critical patent/EP0879328A1/fr
Priority to AU75729/96A priority patent/AU7572996A/en
Publication of WO1997017509A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997017509A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/28—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups combinations of materials fully covered by groups E04C2/04 and E04C2/08

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite slab formed by a shaped bottom plate with longitudinal, upward directed dovetail folds and a cast material part which covers in a contiguous manner the upper part of the composite slab and extends downward into a lower part of the slab with a cross section containing trapezoidal lightweighting cavities.
  • the invention also relates to a shaped bottom plate of the above-described kind and a method of producing such a composite slab.
  • composite slabs aims at more rational building operations with concrete structures.
  • the composite slab forms both the casting form and a major part of the reinforcing steel itself.
  • long spans will require a large height of the continuous slab section, whereby technical problems arise.
  • the trapezoidal cross section of the shaped bottom plate necessitates separate facing of the slab bottom side causing extra work and costs. Therefore, instead of composite-slab constructions, prestressed hollow-core slabs have often been used as an alternative choice.
  • the goal herein is to achieve a simple but extremely effective slab structure.
  • the characterizing properties of the composite slab ac ⁇ cording to the invention are presented in claim 1.
  • the characterizing properties of the shaped bottom plate according to the invention are stated in claim 6.
  • a preferred method for producing the composite slab is characterized in claim 7. Since the conventional trapezoidal lightweighting core cavities of the composite slab, on the underside of the cast material, are accord ⁇ ing to the invention partially formed with the help of moulded pieces of expanded filler material, the shaped bottom plate can be made relatively flat, that is, with shallow corrugations only.
  • the underside of the bottom plate may be made ready-surfaced, whereby separate facing of the composite slab structure underside may be omitted.
  • Sag precompensation can be formed into the composite slab on a simple curved roller conveyor track, wherein the track elevates the center point of the shaped bottom plate slightly above its ends, whereby the finished com ⁇ posite slab will have a sag precompensation determined by the upward curvature of the track.
  • the top surface casting of the slab can be trowelled convex or flat on the track as desired.
  • the dovetail top of the upright fold gives good anchorage in the perpendicular direction to the plane of the shaped bottom plate.
  • separate means must be provided to assure anchorage against longi ⁇ tudinal sliding of the bottom plate.
  • Particularly good anchorage in the longitudinal direction will be achieved by bending the dovetail downward concave at the center of its wide top and simultaneously making creases to the edge corners of the dovetail top at sufficiently close spacings.
  • the edge corners of the dovetail tops are undulated and are provided with alter- nating indents and outdents.
  • a minimum of free volume is enclosed by the creased dovetail top, whereby the bottom plate is effectively prevented from sliding longitudinally along the upper part of the slab cast from concrete.
  • the behaviour of the slab structure according to the in- vention is essentially different from that of hollow-core slabs. Owing to the structure of the hollow-core slab, its shear strength over the support area of the slab will be greatly reduced due to the shear stress caused by the compressive force effected in the longitudinal direction of the slab. This effect can be easily managed by virtue of the slab according to the invention using a continuous cast on the end area of the slab.
  • Figure 1 shows a composite slab structure according to the invention with the cast material partially sectioned
  • Figure 2 shows the cross section of the shaped bottom plate at the dovetail fold
  • Figure 3 shows a modified embodiment of the composite slab structure with the cast material removed
  • Figure 4 shows an improved anchorage shape against longi ⁇ tudinal sliding of the bottom plate
  • Figure 5 shows the cross section of the composite slab elements preassembled for casting
  • Figure 6 shows the longitudinal anchorage arrangement in a composite slab structure of greater height.
  • the composite slab structure shown herein is composed of elongated slab strips, which are designed for being laid adjacently in parallel, after which the joint between the slab ends is sealed by casting.
  • This working method is similar to that used in conjunction with conventional hollow-core slabs.
  • the composite slab is formed by a shaped bottom plate 1, core-forming elements 3 placed thereon and a solid body of castable material 2.
  • the core-forming filler elements 3 may be, e.g., expanded polystyrene pieces glued to the shaped bottom plate.
  • An alternative arrangement uses tubular core-forming elements made from a sheet steel mesh and adhered by spot-welding to the bottom plate. Such filler elements may have a U-shaped cross section, whereby the ends of the filler elements are plugged before casting.
  • the shaped bottom plate 1 is bent into longitudinally running, conventional dovetail-top folds capable of rendering effective vertical anchorage between the shaped bottom plate and the cast material.
  • To the top of this dovetail fold are made cuts 5, which permit a portion of the segments separated by the cuts 5 to be dented down, thus forming discontinuities on the top of the dovetail fold 4.
  • These steps on the top of the dovetail fold pre ⁇ vent longitudinal sliding between steel bottom plate and the cast upper part of the slab.
  • the longi ⁇ tudinal sliding is inhibited by creases made to the sharp edge corners of the dovetail top which will be described in more detail later in the text.
  • the cast material is shown not to extend fully to the slab edge 10.
  • the purpose is to perform the casting of this edge, which joins the adjacent slab strips to each other, only at the worksite.
  • the main body of the slab is cast at the slab manufacturing plant, and the ready-cast slabs are used as building elements similarly to hollow-core slabs by laying them adjacently side-by-side at the construction site.
  • the slab edge may be cast fully to the edge corner. While no additional reinforcing steels are used in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, in a plurality of cases it is possible to place additional reinforcing steel bars into the concrete prior to casting, particularly to the lower part of the slab, when the overall height of the composite slab is desired- ly made smaller or improved load-bearing capability under fire is required.
  • the reinforcing steel bars may also be prestressed in a conventional manner.
  • the lower gap 11 between the upright sides of the dovetail fold 4 can be made very narrow, whereby the dovetail fold line will become almost indiscernible on the underside of the slab.
  • the cuts shown in Fig. 1 permit a portion of the segments on the dovetail top to be pressed downward concave, whereby these downward-pressed segments 7 form discontinuities with respect to the upper surface of the dovetail fold 4.
  • additional pre-bent reinforcing steel bars 9, which are shown later in Fig. 3 can be inserted into these recesses by sliding one end of the pre-bent bar into one of the alternating guide slots thus formed on top of the dovetail fold 4.
  • ridges 8 adjacently to the dovetail fold 4 are made small ridges 8 which facilitate easy location of the ex- panded-material core-forming filler pieces as the longi ⁇ tudinal ridges perform correct alignment of the pieces. These ridges also improve the stiffness of the sheet steel bottom plate. Between the ridges, a low-profile pattern may be stamped onto the bottom plate if possible unevenness of the plate resulting from its pressing steps is desired to be concealed.
  • FIG. 3 a casting form similar to that of Fig. 1 for the composite slab is shown herein, now com ⁇ plemented with additional reinforcing steels comprising bars 12 which are inserted in the manner shown in Fig. 2 along the tops of the dovetail fold 4, via the eyelet ties formed by the openings made at the cuts 5.
  • additional reinforcing steels comprising bars 12 which are inserted in the manner shown in Fig. 2 along the tops of the dovetail fold 4, via the eyelet ties formed by the openings made at the cuts 5.
  • Such reinforcing steels are used as necessary at the ends of the bottom plate, which is the primary place to encounter such critical stresses that may affect the integrity of the composite structure as a whole.
  • a 1500 mm wide bottom plate blank can be processed into a shaped bottom plate of 1200 mm width.
  • a 1200 mm wide strip of a composite slab structure such that shown Fig. 1, for instance, may be formed on the shaped bottom plate.
  • the overall strength and load-bearing capability of the structure may be varied by choosing different casting heights for the slab.
  • the shaped bottom plate according to the invention may be contemplated for use in shallow slab structures without using the core-forming filler pieces, or alternatively, having the filler pieces entirely embedded within the cast material.
  • the highest technical benefit of the present structure will be gained from a composite slab structure according to Figs. 1 and 3 , whereby even greater heights of the composite slab structure may be attained using relatively simple means.
  • core-forming filler pieces made from sheet steel mesh can be shaped to extend with a low height down so as touch the top of the dovetail fold and then clamped against the dovetail top.
  • the hollow-core filler piece shaped from sheet steel mesh makes it possible to produce a novel type of hollow-core slab, however, with sound insulating properties superior to those of conventional hollow-core slabs.
  • the concrete mix intruding through the mesh falls on the shaped bottom plate so as to form a layer thereon and on the other hand, forms an extremely coarse sound-diffusing structure on the inner surface of the mesh.
  • the modular composite slab structure shown in Fig. 5 and denoted by reference numeral 14 is comprised of essentially the same elements as those described above, namely, a shaped bottom plate 1 of the composite slab, hollow-core filler elements 3 and a body part 2 made from cast material.
  • the protruding elements 4.1 form a bonding element similar to a dovetail joint, whereby the finishing casting is performed onto these elements.
  • the slab structure according to the invention is delivered to the construction site for use in a single-span installation.
  • the structure may be modified for continuous casting to serve, e.g., dis ⁇ tributed surface loads, whereby at the slab manufacturing plant the top part of the slab is left uncast by its end areas, the top surface reinforcing steels are placed at the supports of the slab and the top part of the slab is finished over its end areas by casting.
  • the composite slab according to the invention can be fabricated in three alternative manners:
  • the slab is still somewhat lighter than a ready-cast slab
  • the slab may require support about it during the installation worksteps depending on the situation. 3)
  • the slab is delivered fully ready-cast.
  • an anchorage arrangement according to the invention against longitudinal sliding of the bottom plate is shown herein suitable for use in the above-described slab structures, said arrangement com ⁇ prising a dovetail fold 4, however, now having the top of the dovetail fold dented downward concave and having creases made to the edge corners of the dovetail top so that a wavy edge is formed.
  • the creases 5 are accom- plished as small dents made by a suitable type of cold deformation. As far as possible, the goal is to minimize the empty space under the creases, which under heavy load could deform thus permitting the bottom plate to undergo loss of anchorage and sliding relative to the cast concrete.
  • the crest-to-valley depth of the crease is from 1- to 15-fold the sheet thickness, in practice most typically having the depth of the crease in the range 2 - 5 mm when the thickness of the sheet blank is from 0.6 mm to 1 mm.
  • the goal herein is to avoid sharp edge corners of the crease that could cut through the con ⁇ crete.
  • the anchorage must perform so that the sheet metal of the bottom plate cannot escape into the empty space under the creases.
  • a sufficient anchorage grip capacity can be attained by an empirical compromise between the empty space under the creases and a practical shape of the creases. As a rule of thumb, it has been found that small creases provide a better anchorage grip than large dents spaced widely apart from each other.
  • a corresponding anchorage arrange ⁇ ment is shown herein for a composite slab of larger height, wherein the dovetail top can be extended deeper in the body of the slab by providing the dovetail top with an upward extending stem part 14. In this fashion, the dovetail top with its anchorage creases remains fully enclosed in the concrete, well protected under a fire.
  • the core cavities formed by the core-forming sheet steel mesh elements act as an escape route for evaporating water.
  • the bare mesh makes it possible to achieve an almost conti ⁇ nuous slab.
  • the mesh portions at the very ends of the composite slab are left uncast at the slab manufac ⁇ turing plant.
  • the final casting of the interslab seams done at the installation site becomes an integral part of such a continuous slab.
  • the anchorage arrangements described herein can be characterized by comprising outdents or indents with noncutting edges and having only a minimal empty space left under such outdents/indents.
  • the scope of the embodiments of the invention may be extended so that the dovetail anchorage is replaced by any other type of anchorage capable of providing an almost 100 % reliable grip.
  • the basic principles of the anchorage concept disclosed herein remain unchanged. Even a vertical fold of the bottom plate with creases made thereto at sufficiently close spacings may fulfill the anchorage needs in the present slab structure.
  • the inferior grip of a modified anchorage arrangement can be compensated for with the help of conventional reinforcing steels.
  • the broader form of the invention includes a shaped bottom plate with suitable anchorages, core- forming elements (advantageously made from sheet steel mesh) and a cast part of the composite slab.
  • the core- forming elements are replaced by formed core cavities made in conjunction with slip-form casting.
  • the techniques used in the manufacture of hollow-core slabs can be utilized.
  • a composite slab made with the help of the latter method resembles a hollow- core slab, however, with the difference that the pre- stressed reinforcing steels are replaced by the shaped bottom plate capable of assuring good anchorage to the overlying cast concrete.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une dalle composite comprenant, comme élément inférieur, une plaque de fond profilée (1) qui présente des plis longitudinaux (4) en queue-d'aronde alignés vers le haut et une partie coulée (2) qui couvre la zone supérieure de la dalle de façon contigüe et sa partie inférieure par une section transversale présentant des cavités en alvéoles trapézoïdales. Les sommets des plis (4) en queue-d'aronde sont pourvus d'ancrages (5, 7, 13) qui empêchent la plaque de base de glisser longitudinalement par rapport au matériau coulé, et des éléments (3) formant des alvéoles sont placés en longueur, immédiatement au-dessus de la plaque de base profilée (1), entre les plis en queue-d'aronde (4). Les éléments formant les alvéoles forment, avec les plis de la plaque de base profilée (1), les cavités en alvéoles trapézoïdales dans la partie coulée (2). L'invention concerne également un procédé avantageux de fabrication de cette dalle composite.
PCT/FI1996/000603 1995-11-09 1996-11-08 Dalle composite, plaque profilee pour cette dalle et procede de production d'une dalle composite WO1997017509A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96938228A EP0879328A1 (fr) 1995-11-09 1996-11-08 Dalle composite, plaque profilee pour cette dalle et procede de production d'une dalle composite
AU75729/96A AU7572996A (en) 1995-11-09 1996-11-08 Composite slab, a profile plate thereof and a method for producing a composite slab

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI955396A FI955396A (fi) 1995-08-30 1995-11-09 Liittolaatta, siinä käytettävä profiililevy sekä menetelmä liittolaatan valmistamiseksi
FI955396 1995-11-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997017509A1 true WO1997017509A1 (fr) 1997-05-15

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ID=8544354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1996/000603 WO1997017509A1 (fr) 1995-11-09 1996-11-08 Dalle composite, plaque profilee pour cette dalle et procede de production d'une dalle composite

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0879328A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7572996A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997017509A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002101168A1 (fr) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-19 Onesteel Reinforcing Pty Ltd Element de coffrage structurel
WO2004061248A1 (fr) * 2003-01-06 2004-07-22 Arup Group Limited Systeme de revetement de sol
CN1307352C (zh) * 2001-06-12 2007-03-28 一钢强力有限公司 结构模板构件
US11118346B2 (en) * 2018-01-03 2021-09-14 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Systems and methods for a filler element for sealing a metal deck

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US840016A (en) * 1905-12-26 1907-01-01 Berger Mfg Co Binding-sheet for concrete-work.
GB1132538A (en) * 1965-04-15 1968-11-06 Longinotti Enrico Improvements in building structures
DE1916904A1 (de) * 1969-04-02 1970-10-08 Thyssen Industrie Verbunddecke
DE2252988A1 (de) * 1972-10-28 1974-05-09 Bernhard Dr Ing Unger Verbundplatte aus beton und einem trapezblech
WO1983003276A1 (fr) * 1982-03-16 1983-09-29 Koivu, Teuvo Procede de fabrication d'une dalle composee
FI89961B (fi) * 1992-04-13 1993-08-31 Rannila Steel Oy Foerbindningsskiva avsedd foer en foerbindningsplatta

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US840016A (en) * 1905-12-26 1907-01-01 Berger Mfg Co Binding-sheet for concrete-work.
GB1132538A (en) * 1965-04-15 1968-11-06 Longinotti Enrico Improvements in building structures
DE1916904A1 (de) * 1969-04-02 1970-10-08 Thyssen Industrie Verbunddecke
DE2252988A1 (de) * 1972-10-28 1974-05-09 Bernhard Dr Ing Unger Verbundplatte aus beton und einem trapezblech
WO1983003276A1 (fr) * 1982-03-16 1983-09-29 Koivu, Teuvo Procede de fabrication d'une dalle composee
FI89961B (fi) * 1992-04-13 1993-08-31 Rannila Steel Oy Foerbindningsskiva avsedd foer en foerbindningsplatta

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002101168A1 (fr) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-19 Onesteel Reinforcing Pty Ltd Element de coffrage structurel
CN1307352C (zh) * 2001-06-12 2007-03-28 一钢强力有限公司 结构模板构件
AU2002256575B2 (en) * 2001-06-12 2008-07-03 Premier Steel Technologies Pty Limited A structural formwork member
WO2004061248A1 (fr) * 2003-01-06 2004-07-22 Arup Group Limited Systeme de revetement de sol
GB2412672A (en) * 2003-01-06 2005-10-05 Arup Group Ltd Flooring system
GB2412672B (en) * 2003-01-06 2007-08-08 Arup Group Ltd Flooring system
US11118346B2 (en) * 2018-01-03 2021-09-14 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Systems and methods for a filler element for sealing a metal deck

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7572996A (en) 1997-05-29
EP0879328A1 (fr) 1998-11-25

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