WO1997012122A1

WO1997012122A1 - Drilling and bolting apparatus for tunnelling and tunnel propping

Info

Publication number: WO1997012122A1
Application number: PCT/FR1996/001482
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yves Riberon
Original assignee: Etablissements Montabert
Priority date: 1995-09-25
Filing date: 1996-09-23
Publication date: 1997-04-03
Also published as: ZA967998B; EP0852658A1; FR2739134B1; NO981331D0; CA2230901A1; NO981331L; FR2739134A1; AU7134396A

Abstract

An apparatus (1) comprising a beam (2), a bolting device (4) with a bolt magazine (10), means for inserting bolts into a borehole, a drilling jar (5), a drill (6) with a drill bit (7), and control means (15) for controlling the drilling jar (5) sliding on the beam (2). Said beam is mounted on the end of an articulated arm. The beam (2) is fixed to the end of the articulated arm, the magazine (10) is slidable relative to the beam (2), and the apparatus (1) comprises means for locating the drill bit (7) and a computer for delivering a bolt from the magazine (10) to a position aligned with a borehole, with the relative positions of the borehole and the magazine compartments being stored in a memory.

Description

The invention relates to a drilling and bolting apparatus intended for digging and supporting galleries.

To make a gallery, a tunnel or the like, you must first dig a certain length in the direction of the gallery and then, secondly, support the wall of the gallery to prevent it from collapsing, before continuing to dig the gallery. To implement these two steps, two separate devices are used.

A first device is intended for digging the gallery. It comprises one or more slides provided with drilling heads acting parallel to the axis of the gallery. Each slide is supported by an articulated arm which allows its positioning in the gallery.

The wall support is generally carried out by bolts sealed in the wall to be supported. To install these bolts, a hole is drilled perpendicular to the wall, a bolt is introduced into the drilled hole, it is sealed there using for example a grout, before finally receiving an anchor head.

A machine used to carry out the support generally comprises a drilling and bolting turret acting perpendicular to the axis of the gallery. This turret comprises a beam serving as a guide for a drilling trolley and a bolting trolley. The beam is mounted to pivot and slide at the end of a support arm. The set is associated with a dynamic bolt store.

The documents FR-1 359 297 and FR-2 520 800 describe a machine intended for drilling and bolting of the type described in the previous paragraph.

Currently, two separate machines are needed to dig and support a gallery. The use of two machines is a handicap from an economic point of view. On the one hand these machines are of high cost and on the other hand there is significant loss of time during the installation of each of these machines. Known drilling and bolting apparatuses work in one direction of drilling. Their dynamic bolt store does not allow the use of their drilling trolley for digging the gallery. Indeed, their size and complexity make this use impossible.

The invention therefore aims to provide a drilling and bolting apparatus for digging and supporting galleries, thus avoiding the use of two separate machines. To this end, the invention provides a drilling and bolting device of the type comprising a beam on which are mounted, on the one hand a bolting device comprising a magazine for bolts and means for introducing the latter into a drilled hole and, on the other hand, a drilling device mounted on the beam via a drilling slide and comprising a perforator provided with a drilling tool and means for controlling the sliding of the drilling slide on the beam. , the latter being mounted at the end of an articulated arm provided with control means.

According to the invention, the beam is fixedly mounted on the end of the articulated arm, the magazine is slidably mounted relative to the beam parallel to the drilling direction of the drilling device, and the drilling and bolting apparatus comprises in in addition to means for locating the position of the drilling tool and a device cooperating with the latter means and with the means for controlling the articulated arm so as to be able to bring a bolt placed in the magazine opposite a hole drilled by the drilling tool, the relative position of the latter and of the compartments of the store being memorized.

In this drilling and bolting device, the drilling device can be used both for drilling a hole to put a bolt in it and for digging a gallery. The structure of this device has a static magazine for the bolts which does not interfere with the drilling device when the device is in the advancing position in a gallery or tunnel. Such a structure allows the construction of a simple and space-saving drilling and bolting device and therefore adaptable to a drilling arm of a machine intended for digging tunnels.

When installing a bolt with this device, the drilling device conventionally drills a hole for receiving a bolt. The position in space of the drilling tool is marked. In addition, the relative position of this tool and the magazine compartments containing the bolts is known. Thus, thanks to the device cooperating with the means for locating the position of the drilling tool and with the means for controlling the articulated arm, the latter can, once the hole has been drilled, place a compartment of the magazine containing a facing bolt to the drilled hole.

To reduce the size of the device, the beam is advantageously a hollow profile inside which the magazine is slidably mounted.

To make the whole of the apparatus simpler, the invention proposes to make the magazine integral with the drilling slide.

Always with the aim of making this device as compact as possible while being as efficient as possible, the store advantageously includes a grout injection tube.

In a preferred embodiment, the magazine has a set of parallel tubes which are all fixed on the same side of a plate having an opening for each tube, and the magazine support is a hollow support having an opening per tube in which the tube is guided when the magazine moves relative to the beam. In this embodiment, the invention further provides that in the bolting position, the plate on which the tubes of the magazine are fixed is disposed facing a second plate provided with openings corresponding to those of the first plate but of smaller section, each opening of the second plate facing a magazine tube housing a bolt, being provided with a guide element intended to guide the corresponding bolt during its introduction into a drilled hole, that the end of a bolt housed in a magazine tube, located opposite the first and second plates is engaged in a recess made in a stage piston, the section of the piston on the side of the plates corresponding substantially to the section of the corresponding opening of the second plate and the section of the piston at its other end corresponding to the section of the tube in which it is located, and that the tube, at its end opposite to the plates is closed by a shutter connected to a pressurized fluid injection circuit.

Advantageously, the device cooperating with the means for locating the position of the drilling tool (7) and with the control means of the articulated arm (25) is a computer. However, it can also be a hydraulic sequencer or an automaton.

Anyway, the invention will be well understood with the aid of the description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawing, representing by way of example not limiting a drilling and bolting apparatus according to the invention.

Figure 1 shows a side view;

Figure 2 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale along the line II-II of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a side view on a reduced scale of the apparatus of Figure 1 mounted on an arm and in the advancing position;

Figures 4 and 5 are views corresponding to Figure 3 of the apparatus in the bolting position; and

Figure 6 is an enlarged view of part of the device's bolting device.

FIG. 1 represents a drilling and bolting device 1 intended for digging and supporting galleries. This device 1 comprises a beam 2 on which are mounted on the one hand, a drilling device 3 and on the other hand, a bolting device 4.

The drilling device 3 comprises a drilling slide 5, a perforator 6, a drilling tool 7 and a guide 8. The drilling slide 5 is slidably fixed on the beam 2. A jack 15 makes it possible to slide the slide 5 by relative to beam 2. The latter is a tubular beam, of substantially rectangular section. The perforator 6 slides on the slide 5. The drilling tool 7 is mounted in the perforator 6 and is guided by the guide 8.

The drilling device 3 is of known type and the various parts which constitute it will not be described in more detail here. The bolting device 4 comprises a hollow support 9, a magazine 10 intended to contain bolts 11 and means for pushing the bolts 11 out of the magazine towards a drilled hole.

The hollow support 9 is placed inside the beam 2 and is integral with the latter, for example by welding. It serves as support and bearing for store 10. The magazine 10 comprises a substantially rectangular end plate 12 and having seven circular openings, as well as six identical tubes 13, each intended to receive a bolt 11 and each welded by one of their ends at an opening of the plate 10. The seventh opening likewise receives a tube 14 used for injecting sealing grout. The end plate 12 is fixed to the drilling slide 5, near one of its ends, on the same side as the beam 2. All the tubes 13, 14 are located on the same side of the end plate 12.

The hollow support 9 has a profile corresponding to that of the end plate 12. Each tube 13,14 passes through a circular opening of this support 9. The tubes 13,14 thus extend parallel to the drilling slide 5 and therefore to the drilling direction of the drilling device 3.

A second plate 16 faces the end plate 12. These two plates are made integral by a pin 17 keyed (Fig.6). The second plate 16 has openings corresponding to those of the end plate. The diameter of the openings corresponding to a tube 13 intended to receive a bolt 11 is less than the internal diameter of the corresponding tube 13, while being greater than the diameter of the bolts 11. Each of these openings receives a guide element 18. The latter has a inner diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the bolts 11 and is fixed on the second plate 16, on the side opposite to the first plate 12.

Inside each tube 13 is a bolt 11. One end of the bolt is engaged in the guide element 18 mounted on the second plate 16. The other end is housed * in a recess 19 formed in a piston 20 The latter is intended to slide in the tube 13. It has a zone 21 remote from the end plate 12 of diameter substantially equal to the inside diameter of the tube 13 and a zone 22 close to the end plate 12 of diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the openings of the second plate 16. The recess 19 is a blind cylindrical recess parallel to the axis of the bolt 11 and opens out on the side of the end plate 12.

The tube 13, on the side opposite to the plates 12, 16 is closed by a removable shutter 23 provided with an injection connection 24 for pressurized fluid.

The sealing grout injection tube 14 is of known type and is not described in more detail here.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the device 1 described above is mounted at the end of an articulated arm 25. A cylinder 26 is provided to be able to vary the angle of inclination between the end of the arm 25 and the drilling and bolting apparatus 1. This articulated arm 25 has at least four degrees of freedom. It is itself carried by a digging machine, not shown.

The operation of the drilling and bolting apparatus 1 described above is as follows.

Figure 3 shows this device 1 in the advancing position. The latter is in this case substantially parallel to the gallery during digging, facing the wall of the bottom 27 of this gallery. The perforator 6 is in action to tear down the bottom wall. During this advancement phase, the bolting device 4 is at rest. The static magazine 10 is empty and the tubes 13, 14 are not connected to a source of pressurized fluid or sealing grout. It absolutely does not interfere with the drilling work of the hole punch 6.

As the gallery progresses, to avoid collapse of the latter, support operations must be carried out regularly. These operations consist in introducing anchor bolts in the side wall 28, and in particular the upper wall, then in fixing a support plate on these bolts using an anchoring head. To be able to put the bolt in place in the side wall 28, it is first necessary to make a long hole 29 of small diameter, perpendicular to the wall 28, then to house a bolt 11 there.

Figures 4, respectively 5, show the drilling and bolting apparatus 1 in the bolting position, during the drilling of the hole 29 intended to receive a bolt 11, respectively during the installation in the drilled hole 29 of the bolt 11 .

Before the bolting operation, the magazine 10 is loaded with bolts 11. Each of these is placed in a tube 13 and positioned in a piston 20. The corresponding end of the bolt 11 is housed in the recess 19 of the piston . The tube 13 is then closed by a shutter 23 and, once all the shutters 23 in place, the bolting device 4 is connected to a source of pressurized fluid and to a source of sealing grout (not shown). The second plate 16 is also equipped with guide elements 18.

The articulated arm 25 is then positioned so that the drilling device 3, and more precisely the perforator 6, is perpendicular to the side wall 28 facing the desired location for putting a bolt 11 (Figure 4). The perforator 6 is started and advances along the slide 5 as suggested by the position drawn in phantom in Figure 4. In order to know precisely the position of the drilled hole 29, sensors (not shown) connected to a computer (also not shown) record the angular and linear quantities representative of the position parameters of the articulated arm 25. Once the hole 29 has been drilled, the drilling tool 7 is removed. The assembly formed by the slide 5 and the magazine 10 is moved back then moved away from the wall 28.

The next step consists in injecting sealing grout into the drilled hole 29. To do this, the tube 14 for injecting sealing grout is placed facing the hole 29. The relative positioning of the hole punch 6, of the tubes 13 of the magazine 10, and of the sealing grout injection tube 14 is stored in a memory of the computer. A control system managed by the computer makes it possible to precisely position the articulated arm 25 so that the tube 14 for injecting sealing grout ends up facing the hole 29 in alignment with the latter, thanks to the parameters stored and recorded in the calculator. The tube 14 is introduced into the hole 29, then removed to allow the deposition of sealing grout along the hole 29. After total withdrawal of the injection tube 14, the assembly formed by the slide 5 and the magazine 10 is moved aside of the wall 28. A bolt 11 can now be placed in the hole 29. The angular and linear movements of the articulated arm 25 are activated by the control system so that a tube 13 containing a bolt 11 is placed facing the drilled hole 29 in alignment with the latter. The assembly formed by the slide 5 and the magazine 10 is advanced in contact with the wall 28. Fluid under pressure is injected by the connector 24 into the chamber 30 delimited by the piston 20, the wall of the tube 13 and the shutter 23. Thus the corresponding piston 20 pushes the bolt 11 towards the hole 29 (Figures 5 and 6).

The bolt 11, pushed by the piston 20 and guided by the guide element 18, enters the hole 29 containing sealing grout. At the end of the piston 20 stroke, the zone 22 of the small diameter piston reaches the end of the tube 13, then at the opening of the second plate 16. As indicated above, the diameter of the zone 22 of the piston is substantially equal to the diameter of the opening of the plate 16. This part 22 of the piston is such that it can pass through this opening. A chamfer 31 is provided on the piston to facilitate its introduction through the second plate 16. By entering through the opening, the piston 20 comes to drive the guide element 18 and pushes it into the hole 29. The piston 20 is stopped when its large diameter zone 21 comes against the second plate 16. The guide element 18 has elastic teeth 32 on its outer surface inclined in a direction favoring penetration into the hole 29 but making it difficult or even impossible withdrawal from this hole 29. The guide element 18 then serves as a plug closing the hole 29 and centering the end of the bolt which protrudes from the wall with respect to the hole 29.

The bolt 11 is installed. The slide 5 and the magazine 10 are spaced from the wall 28. The device 1 is ready to install another bolt 11. The magazine shown in the drawing has six tubes 13 each containing a bolt 11, the bolting operation described above above can therefore be repeated five times before either resuming the advancement of the gallery, or reloading the magazine 10 with other bolts 11. As it goes without saying, the invention is not limited to the sole form of execution described above by way of nonlimiting example; on the contrary, it embraces all its variants.

For example, the bolting device can be placed differently from the drilling slide. This device can even be independent of this slide and be mounted on another slide which is specific to it. There would then be two parallel slides, one for the drilling device and the other for the bolting device. Of very many variants as to the relative positions of these two devices are possible.

The grout injection tube is not necessarily fitted among the other tubes in the store. This tube is not an integral part of the invention. It is conceivable to have a sealing grout injection device separate from the drilling and bolting apparatus without departing from the scope of the invention. Similarly, the number of tubes intended to receive bolts is not limited to six. This number can be higher or lower.

The computer used can be replaced by a hydraulic sequencer or by a PLC while allowing the device described above to operate in the same way.

Of course, this device can be used in all positions, to put bolts in the ground for example, and can use all types of bolts.

Claims

1. drilling and bolting apparatus (1) comprising a beam (2) on which are mounted, on the one hand a bolting device (4) comprising a magazine (10) for bolts (11) and means for introducing the latter in a drilled hole (29) and, on the other hand, a drilling device (3) mounted on the beam (2) by means of a drilling slide (5) and comprising a perforator (6) provided a drilling tool (7) and control means (15) for the sliding of the drilling slide (5) on the beam (2), the latter being mounted at the end of an articulated arm (25) provided with control means, characterized in that the beam (2) is fixedly mounted on the end of the articulated arm (25), in that the magazine (10) is slidably mounted relative to the beam (2) parallel to the direction of drilling of the drilling device (3), and in that the drilling and bolting apparatus (1) further comprises means for locating the p position of the drilling tool (7) and a device cooperating with the latter means and with the control means of the articulated arm (25) in order to be able to bring a bolt (11) placed in the magazine (10) opposite a hole drilled (29) by the drilling tool (7), the relative position of the latter and of the magazine compartments being memorized.

2. drilling and bolting apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam (2) is a hollow profile inside which is slidably mounted the magazine (10).

3. Drilling and bolting apparatus (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the magazine (10) is integral with the drilling slide (7).

4. A drilling and bolting apparatus (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the magazine (10) comprises a tube (14) for injecting sealing grout.

5. drilling and bolting apparatus (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the magazine (10) has a set of parallel tubes (13) which are all fixed on the same side of a plate (12) having an opening for each tube (13), and in that the support (9) of the magazine (10) is a hollow support having an opening per tube (13) in which the tube (13) is guided when the magazine moves relative to the beam (2).

6. drilling and bolting apparatus (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that in the bolting position, the plate (12) on which the tubes (13) of the magazine are fixed faces a second plate (16 ) provided with openings corresponding to those of the first plate (12) but of smaller section, each opening of the second plate (16) facing a tube of the magazine housing a bolt (11) being provided with a guide (18) intended to guide the corresponding bolt during its introduction into a drilled hole (29), in that the end of a bolt (11) housed in a tube (13) of the magazine located opposite the first and second plates (12,16) is engaged in a recess (19) made in a piston (20) stage, the section of the piston on the side of the plates (12,16) corresponding substantially to the section of the corresponding opening of the second plate (16) and the section of the piston at its other end corresponding to the sectio n of the tube (13) in which it is located, and in that the tube, at its end opposite to the plates (12, 16) is closed by a shutter (23) connected to a circuit for injecting pressurized fluid.

7. A drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the device cooperating with the means for identifying the position of the drilling tool (7) and with the means for controlling the articulated arm (25) is a calculator.