WO1997002086A1 - Procede permettant d'extraire des polluants organiques contenus dans des gaz brûles, a l'aide d'un agent d'adsorption - Google Patents

Procede permettant d'extraire des polluants organiques contenus dans des gaz brûles, a l'aide d'un agent d'adsorption Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997002086A1
WO1997002086A1 PCT/EP1996/002772 EP9602772W WO9702086A1 WO 1997002086 A1 WO1997002086 A1 WO 1997002086A1 EP 9602772 W EP9602772 W EP 9602772W WO 9702086 A1 WO9702086 A1 WO 9702086A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blast furnace
furnace coke
coke
flue gases
adsorbent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/002772
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Urban Cleve
Original Assignee
Hugo Petersen Gesellschaft Für Verfahrenstechnischen Anlagenbau Mbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hugo Petersen Gesellschaft Für Verfahrenstechnischen Anlagenbau Mbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Hugo Petersen Gesellschaft Für Verfahrenstechnischen Anlagenbau Mbh & Co. Kg
Priority to AU64162/96A priority Critical patent/AU6416296A/en
Publication of WO1997002086A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997002086A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
    • B01D46/32—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material the material moving during filtering
    • B01D46/34—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material the material moving during filtering not horizontally, e.g. using shoots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B01D53/08—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds according to the "moving bed" method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/25—Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
    • B01D2253/302—Dimensions
    • B01D2253/304—Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/206—Organic halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40011—Methods relating to the process cycle in pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40077—Direction of flow
    • B01D2259/40081—Counter-current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for separating and removing fly dusts and organic pollutants from flue gases by means of an adsorbent, such as is used, for example, when burning waste, in particular hazardous waste, and biomass, as well as in blast furnace and sintering plants and other combustion processes are incurred in which the combustion gas contains carbon, oxygen and chlorine.
  • an adsorbent such as is used, for example, when burning waste, in particular hazardous waste, and biomass, as well as in blast furnace and sintering plants and other combustion processes are incurred in which the combustion gas contains carbon, oxygen and chlorine.
  • the flue gases in question contain a number of organic, in particular aromatic, airborne dusts such as
  • PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
  • PCB polychlorinated biphenyls
  • PCDD polybrominated dibenzodioxins
  • PCDF polychlorinated / polybrominated dibenzufurans
  • German patent 36 05 589 a method for removing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides is known, in which lignite activated coke is used as an absorbent in an activated coke layer and high-quality activated carbon / activated coke is used in the following layers.
  • the brown coal coke has the particular disadvantage that it is too hard and therefore has high abrasion rates which lead to an increase in the dust load.
  • These systems are therefore very sensitive to the entry of airborne dust from upstream processes and are endangered by blockages, poor flow and self-heating.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing an adsorbent which avoids the problems arising from the foregoing and is equally suitable for removing pigeons and organic pollutants from combustion exhaust gases.
  • the solution to this problem is to remove the flue gases through a bed by coking a carbon containing material in a coke oven blast furnace coke.
  • blast furnace coke is also referred to as coke oven coke, metallurgical coke or foundry coke; the term “blast furnace coke” is used throughout the description and in the claims.
  • Blast furnace coke is a non-activated coke.
  • Coal again preferably hard coal, is preferably used as the carbon-containing material for the coking.
  • the use of e.g. Lignite or gffs. Wood is also considered.
  • Blast furnace coke differs significantly in its structure from lignite activated coke.
  • Blast furnace coke is characterized by a high piece and abrasion resistance; it is therefore ideally suited as an adsorbent with a long service life, because it changes only slightly during the various transport processes and the dust development is low.
  • the size of the blast furnace coke is preferably 3 to 30 mm, although very good results can also be achieved with particle sizes of 5 to 15 mm or even 20 mm.
  • the size of the piece results in a correspondingly high flow rate of the flue gas and therefore allows a smaller reactor volume with correspondingly lower investment costs.
  • the suitability of the blast furnace coke for separating the Airborne dust which at the same time brings about better separation of the organic pollutants, because some of them are associated with the airborne dust.
  • the flue gases are preferably passed through the blast furnace coke bed at a temperature of 100 to 300 ° C.
  • blast furnace coke as an adsorbent
  • activated coke and activated carbon there is no risk of self-heating, which in extreme cases can lead to a smoldering fire of the adsorbent and accordingly entails a considerable safety risk.
  • the comparatively low ignitability of the blast furnace coke also allows higher adsorption temperatures, which is generally of great importance when cleaning hot flue gases, because cooling down is then not necessary, or at least not to such an extent as is required for use activated carbon and coke with maximum bed temperatures of 180 ° C.
  • the rough, strongly jagged and sharp-edged surface of the blast furnace coke has, as has been found in experiments, a particularly good and high separating capacity even for the finest airborne dusts up to the aerosol range. This results in a particularly good separation of fly dust, which is partially covered with the organics, by adsorption of these substances on the carbon of the coke.
  • the adsorption of these substances does not, as for example in the adsorption of the gases SO2, SO3, HCl, HF, NO and others contained in the flue gases environmentally relevant harmful gases occur in the pore system of the activated carbon / coke, but on the carbon surface of the blast furnace coke.
  • the above-mentioned harmful gases are not adsorbed by blast furnace coke and therefore escape completely from the filter bed. This can be desirable in certain applications, for example if these gases are only present in low concentrations in the flue gas and thus have no environmental relevance, or if it makes sense to use a device according to the invention (blast furnace coke filter) by means of special processes to separate from the flue gases.
  • Ammonia can be added to the flue gas to reduce the nitrogen oxides. If SO2 is still present in the flue gas, a dust-like ammonium sulfate / ammonium hydrogen sulfate is formed, which can also be filtered off by the blast furnace coke. As a result, a relatively simple and inexpensive nitrogen oxide separation is achieved, especially since, as long as the ammonium drug sulfate is "sticky", it can be separated well and removed from the reactor.
  • the blast furnace coke is characterized by its high hardness. This minimizes the losses due to breakage and abrasion in a flow-through moving bed reactor in which the blast furnace coke is drawn off downwards.
  • the use of this adsorbent therefore also has a positive economic advantage.
  • the sensitivity of the blast furnace coke to self-heating or to the smoldering fires that occur is considerably lower. Studies have shown that self-heating begins in the activated carbon pore system. The larger of these pores is in the Angstrom range, particularly in the range between 20 and 500 ⁇ . Blast furnace coke lacks pores of this small diameter.
  • the heat generated can trigger self-heating even in the low temperature range from approximately 50 to 60 ° C. Because of the very large pores present in the blast furnace coke, the danger does not exist or only to a very small extent.
  • the blast furnace coke loaded with fly dust and the organic pollutants is removed from fly dust and possibly undersize after removal from the reactor in a sifter, this is separated in a filter; it can then be returned to the reactor and loaded again with fly dust and organic pollutants.
  • the blast furnace coke itself must then be brought to a high temperature of 400 ° C. and higher, preferably from 600 to 1000 ° C., to destroy the organic substances. This can also be done by using it as fuel in the process itself. When heated, the inorganic pollutants are destroyed and the blast furnace coke can then be used again as a filter material.
  • blast furnace coke over activated coal is that higher flow rates are possible. This leads to a smaller construction volume of the reactors and thus to a saving in investment costs or, with the same size of the reactors, to a reduced pressure loss and thus a saving in electrical energy.
  • the blast furnace coke is considerably cheaper than activated coal.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant d'extraire et d'éliminer des cendres volantes et des polluants organiques contenus dans des gaz brûlés, à l'aide d'un agent d'adsorption. Les gaz brûlés sont guidés à travers un lit de coke de haut fourneau produit dans une cokerie, notamment de la houille. Le coke usé peut être régénéré ou brûlé à une température comprise entre 400 et 1000 °C.
PCT/EP1996/002772 1995-06-30 1996-06-25 Procede permettant d'extraire des polluants organiques contenus dans des gaz brûles, a l'aide d'un agent d'adsorption WO1997002086A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU64162/96A AU6416296A (en) 1995-06-30 1996-06-25 Process for separating organic pollutants from flue gases by means of an adsorbent

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995123866 DE19523866A1 (de) 1995-06-30 1995-06-30 Verfahren zum Abscheiden von Flugstäuben
DE19523866.4 1995-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997002086A1 true WO1997002086A1 (fr) 1997-01-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1996/002772 WO1997002086A1 (fr) 1995-06-30 1996-06-25 Procede permettant d'extraire des polluants organiques contenus dans des gaz brûles, a l'aide d'un agent d'adsorption

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6416296A (fr)
DE (1) DE19523866A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997002086A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19711840A1 (de) * 1997-03-21 1998-10-01 Petersen Hugo Verfahrenstech Verfahren zur Entfernung von in niedriger Konzentration vorliegenden Schadstoffen, insbesondere chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen und ggf. Schwermetallen, aus Abgasen
DE102009018059B4 (de) 2009-04-21 2015-04-02 Erwin Koppe Keramische Heizgeräte GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Feinstaubanteils in der Abluft eines Heizgerätes
DE102010051080A1 (de) 2010-11-12 2012-05-16 Erwin Koppe Keramische Heizgeräte GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reduzierung des Feinstaubanteils in der Abluft einer feste Brennstoffe verbrennende Kleinfeueranlage

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1917482A1 (de) * 1969-04-05 1970-10-15 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Verfahren zur Regenerierung von mit Schwefelsaeure beladenen kohlenstoffhaltigen Adsorptionsmitteln
DE3036531A1 (de) * 1980-09-27 1982-05-27 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verwendung eines formkokses fuer die gleichzeitige entfernung von schwefeloxiden und stickoxiden aus abgasen
JPS5879523A (ja) * 1981-11-05 1983-05-13 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 排煙脱硫脱硝方法
EP0574705A1 (fr) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-22 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd Procédé pour l'élimination de dioxines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1917482A1 (de) * 1969-04-05 1970-10-15 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Verfahren zur Regenerierung von mit Schwefelsaeure beladenen kohlenstoffhaltigen Adsorptionsmitteln
DE3036531A1 (de) * 1980-09-27 1982-05-27 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verwendung eines formkokses fuer die gleichzeitige entfernung von schwefeloxiden und stickoxiden aus abgasen
JPS5879523A (ja) * 1981-11-05 1983-05-13 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 排煙脱硫脱硝方法
EP0574705A1 (fr) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-22 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd Procédé pour l'élimination de dioxines

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
EKKEHARD RICHTER: "DIE ABSCHEIDUNG VON POLYCHLORIERTEN DIOXINEN UND FURANEN AUS ABGASEN MIT AKTIVKOKSVERFAHREN", CHEMIE. INGENIEUR. TECHNIK, vol. 64, no. 2, 1 February 1992 (1992-02-01), pages 125 - 136, XP000257546 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 171 (C - 178) 28 July 1983 (1983-07-28) *
REICH-WALBER M ET AL: "ABGASFEINREINIGUNG BEI ABFALLVERBRENNUNGSANLAGEN MITTELS BRAUNKOHLENKOKS", MUELL UND ABFALL, vol. 24, no. 9, 1 September 1992 (1992-09-01), pages 640 - 646, 648, XP000288296 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19523866A1 (de) 1997-01-02
AU6416296A (en) 1997-02-05

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