WO1996035822A1 - Device and plant for coating a steel band - Google Patents

Device and plant for coating a steel band Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996035822A1
WO1996035822A1 PCT/BE1996/000048 BE9600048W WO9635822A1 WO 1996035822 A1 WO1996035822 A1 WO 1996035822A1 BE 9600048 W BE9600048 W BE 9600048W WO 9635822 A1 WO9635822 A1 WO 9635822A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strip
coating
slot
tanks
coated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BE1996/000048
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Colin
Marios Economopoulos
Marc Dachelet
Original Assignee
Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques - Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE9500421A external-priority patent/BE1009317A6/en
Priority claimed from BE9500447A external-priority patent/BE1009321A6/en
Application filed by Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques - Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie filed Critical Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques - Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie
Publication of WO1996035822A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996035822A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/56—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks
    • C23C14/562—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks for coating elongated substrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
    • C23C14/243—Crucibles for source material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and an installation for manufacturing coated steel strips having excellent resistance to corrosion and oxidation, as well as good drawing and excellent weldability.
  • the installation according to the invention is particularly suitable for the mass production of relatively inexpensive products, particularly with a view to their use in construction, the automobile industry and domestic applications.
  • the duration of protection offered by a zinc coating depends largely on the thickness of this coating. It is possible to increase the duration of protection, that is to say in fact the corrosion resistance of the coated strip, by increasing the thickness of the coating. In addition to various technical difficulties, this solution leads to a serious increase in the price of the coated tape.
  • the so-called “galvanneali ⁇ g” technique is also known, which consists of hot diffusion of the iron from the strip into the zinc layer, with a view to improving the corrosion resistance.
  • the composition of the iron-zinc alloy layer thus obtained conditions various other properties of the coated strip, in particular its aptitude for stamping, welding and painting.
  • This technique is only interesting for thin zinc coatings, that is to say less than about 10 ⁇ m; beyond this value, excessive dusting occurs when stamping.
  • the present invention is part of the technique of additional deposition by vacuum evaporation, as described in Belgian patent application No. 09400086 of January 25, 1994, on a galvanized strip, the term galvanized also encompassing strips that have undergone galvannealing treatment.
  • the process in question makes it possible to deposit an additional coating having a controlled thickness.
  • the additional metallic coating deposited on the strip by vacuum evaporation consists for example of aluminum and its thickness is less than 5 ⁇ m, and preferably 2 ⁇ m.
  • the additional coating phase by vacuum evaporation can be inserted in a production line for strips coated continuously by immersion; in this case, the investment cost, either of the transformation which only concerns a particular section of the line, or of the treatment station at the outlet of the immersion bath, is relatively limited.
  • the present invention first relates to a particular vacuum evaporation device comprising an induction heating oven.
  • the device according to the present invention consisting of at least one vacuum evaporation tank heated by induction, is characterized in that each of said tanks has an outlet opening for metal vapors and in that the outlet opening for metal vapors from said tanks is in the form of a narrow slot, located a short distance from the surface of the substrate to be coated.
  • the slot is oriented transversely with respect to the strip and its length is equal to the width of the strip to be coated.
  • the device is provided with a system for protecting the slot against projections of coating metal coming from the bath, brought to very high temperature by the induction heating system; this system is for example constituted by a trellis located between the bath and the vapor outlet slot.
  • An evaporation device allows the coating of one face of the moving steel strip; in one embodiment of a galvanizing line, it is possible to use two tanks ensuring the coating successively of the two faces of the strip. Given their situation each in a horizontal section of travel of the product to be coated and because of the loop necessary for turning the strip, the two tanks thus installed require a length of line and a number of deflector rollers which are not negligible.
  • An advantageous variant of the present invention allows the coating of the two faces of a strip of galvanized steel, without increasing the length of the coating line.
  • the device consists of two vacuum evaporation tanks heated by induction
  • the two tanks are arranged on either side of the moving steel strip and the vapor outlet orifices, which are each in the form of a slit of small width located at a short distance from one face of the substrate, are arranged one opposite the other, so as to be separated by the strip running.
  • the two tanks are arranged face to face in a vertical section of the galvanizing line and the vapor exits are made along a substantially horizontal trajectory.
  • the device according to the invention thus meets the imperative condition of high efficiency thanks to the short distance between the outlet of the metal vapors and the surface of the substrate to be coated, which limits the losses of metal by evaporation around the device; thanks to this arrangement it is not necessary that the installation is in a high vacuum and consequently the accessories, such as airlocks, pumps for ensuring the vacuum, etc., can be of simpler construction and less expensive.
  • metallic projections can be prevented from coming into contact with the substrate.
  • Figure 1 shows - in principle - the vacuum evaporation device according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows an installation for coating a strip by vacuum evaporation using a device according to Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a section of industrial galvanizing line equipped with a coating installation on both sides of a strip of galvanized steel, using devices according to Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates - in principle - the advantageous variant comprising a double vacuum evaporation device
  • FIG. 5 shows a section of an industrial galvanizing line equipped with a device for coating the two faces of a strip of galvanized steel, according to the variant of FIG. 4.
  • Figure 1 shows the evaporation crucible (1) provided with an induction heating device (2); the metal bath (3) is brought to very high temperature and evaporated in the direction of the outlet slit (4) located at very short distance from the moving steel strip (5); this steel strip is supported by rollers not shown in the figure. Above the bath and below the vapor outlet slot is a device (6) for stopping metallic projections emanating from the bath brought to high temperature.
  • the crucible (1) is thermally insulated by a refractory lining (7).
  • FIG. 2 shows a vacuum evaporation installation for coating one side of the steel strip.
  • the crucible (1) with its thermal insulation (7), as well as the induction heating system (2).
  • the crucible is supplied with liquid metal from a reservoir (8) connected to the crucible; this tank is kept under a nitrogen atmosphere to avoid oxidation of the metal.
  • the adjustment of the nitrogen pressure in the tank (8) makes it possible to adjust the level of metal in the crucible (1).
  • the strip (5) to be coated is supported by pairs of rollers (9) and (10), arranged at the inlet respectively at the outlet of the enclosure surrounding the evaporation apparatus itself and these pairs of rollers constitute airlocks separating the air outside and this enclosure; pairs of pinch rollers (11, 12, 13 and 14) hold the strip on the path passing near the slot through which the coating metal vapors exit.
  • the enclosure surrounding the vacuum evaporation device can consist, as shown in FIG.
  • the sections (15) and (16) located respectively at the inlet and at the outlet (in the direction of running of the strip) are under a HNx gas atmosphere
  • the sections (17) downstream and (18) upstream of the inlet (15) and outlet (16) sections respectively are also under a HNx gas atmosphere, but at a lower pressure than sections (15) and (16).
  • These sections (17) and (18), contiguous to the vacuum section (19), constitute airlocks to maintain the vacuum in the section (19) connected to the vacuum pumps (not shown); as mentioned above, this vacuum is not very high and the residual atmosphere consists of hydrogen which is introduced into this section (19) of the enclosure.
  • FIG. 3 represents a section of galvanizing line equipped with two devices (20) and (21) according to the invention and installed so as to coat by evaporation under vacuum the two faces of a strip of galvanized steel (5) circulating in the enclosure common to the evaporation devices.
  • the devices in question are arranged on hori ⁇ zontal paths of travel of the steel strip; for reasons of clarity of the figure, the deflection rollers have not been shown, which serve as guides for the circulation of the strip opposite the outlet slots for metallic vapors.
  • the parameters of use on a galvanizing line equipped with a heating furnace of 75 t / h will be described below; the line thus makes it possible to process strips of 1850 mm in width at a speed of approximately 130 m / minute.
  • the line With two crucibles with a maximum evaporation capacity of 49.3 kg / h per crucible and a maximum evaporation rate of 7.605 grams per second and per meter of strip width, one was deposited on each side of the strip aluminum layer 1, 3 ⁇ m thick; the slots were 6 mm wide and their distance from the strip was 30 mm.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the advantageous variant mentioned above, which comprises two evaporation crucibles (1) and (1 ′) provided with induction heating devices (2) and (2 ').
  • the metal baths (3) and (3 ') are brought to very high temperature and evaporated in the direction of the exit slots (4) and (4') which face each other and which are located on either side and at very short distance from the respective surfaces of the moving steel strip (5); this steel strip is guided by rollers not shown in the figure.
  • the crucibles are thermally insulated using refractory linings (7) (7 ').
  • Figure 5 shows a section of the galvanizing line equipped with a vacuum evaporation device for coating the two sides of the steel strip.
  • the crucibles (1) and (V) are arranged in a vertical part of the path of the strip (5).
  • the strip (5) being coated is guided by pairs of input (9) and output (10) rollers respectively, as well as pairs of pinch rollers (11, 12, 13, 14) holding the strip on the trajectory near the exit slots of the coating metal vapors.
  • the pairs of rollers (9) and (10) disposed at the inlet respectively at the outlet of the enclosure constitute airlocks isolating the enclosure surrounding the evaporation apparatus proper from the gaseous atmosphere of the rest the line, for example consisting of HNx; the central part (19) of the enclosure in question is connected to the vacuum pumps (not shown); as mentioned above, this vacuum is not very high and the residual atmosphere consists of hydrogen which is introduced into this section of the enclosure.
  • the device of the invention makes it possible to manufacture a coated product which has a markedly increased resistance to corrosion, as well as a very good adhesion of the coating and a high formability for press forming.
  • the low investment and operating costs of the installation make this product particularly economical.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

Device for coating a steel band, comprised of at least one vacuum evaporation vessel heated by induction. Each of the vessels (1, 1') has an outlet for metal vapours and said outlet is shaped like a narrow slot (4, 4'), situated at a short distance from the surface of the substrate to be coated. Preferably, the slot is oriented transversely with respect to the band and its length is equal to the width of the band to be coated. The device may comprise two vessels arranged on either side of the band to be coated, with the two slots letting out the metal vapours arranged facing each other so that they are separated by the travelling band. The device is arranged within a housing isolated from the external atmosphere by means of two pairs of rollers situated at the inlet, respectively at the outlet, of said housing. Pairs of nip rollers maintain the band on the trajectory passing at the extremity of the slot through which the coating metal vapours come out.

Description

Dispositif et installation pour revêtir une bande d'acier.Device and installation for coating a steel strip.
La présente invention concerne un dispositif et une installation pour fabriquer des bandes d'acier revêtues possédant une excellente résistance à la corrosion et à l'oxydation, ainsi qu'une bonne emboutissabilité et une excellente soudabilité.The present invention relates to a device and an installation for manufacturing coated steel strips having excellent resistance to corrosion and oxidation, as well as good drawing and excellent weldability.
L'installation suivant l'invention est particulièrement indiquée pour la fabrication de masse de produits relativement peu coûteux, particulièrement en vue de leur utilisation dans la construction, l'industrie automobile et les applications domestiques.The installation according to the invention is particularly suitable for the mass production of relatively inexpensive products, particularly with a view to their use in construction, the automobile industry and domestic applications.
Dans la description qui suit de l'invention, on traitera plus particulièrement de l'utilisation du dispositif pour la fabrication de bandes d'acier galvanisées, mais il ne s'agit là que d'un exemple d'utilisation, sans aucun caractère restrictif.In the following description of the invention, we will deal more particularly with the use of the device for the manufacture of galvanized steel strips, but this is only an example of use, without any restrictive character. .
On connaît depuis longtemps l'effet bénéfique du zinc pour la protection des bandes d'acier contre la corrosion, notamment la corrosion atmosphérique. Il existe de nombreux procédés pour déposer en continu un revêtement de zinc sur une bande défilant à travers un bain de zinc fondu; les revêtements obtenus de la sorte assurent en général une protection satisfaisante.The beneficial effect of zinc has long been known for the protection of steel strips against corrosion, in particular atmospheric corrosion. There are many methods for continuously depositing a zinc coating on a strip running through a bath of molten zinc; coatings obtained in this way generally provide satisfactory protection.
La durée de la protection offerte par un revêtement de zinc dépend largement de l'épaisseur de ce revêtement. Il est possible d'accroître la durée de protection, c'est-à-dire en fait la résistance à la corrosion de la bande revêtue, en augmentant l'épaisseur du revêtement. Outre diverses difficultés techniques, cette solution entraîne une sérieuse augmentation du prix de la bande revêtue.The duration of protection offered by a zinc coating depends largely on the thickness of this coating. It is possible to increase the duration of protection, that is to say in fact the corrosion resistance of the coated strip, by increasing the thickness of the coating. In addition to various technical difficulties, this solution leads to a serious increase in the price of the coated tape.
On connaît également la technique dite de "galvannealiπg", qui consiste en une diffusion à chaud du fer de la bande dans la couche de zinc, en vue d'améliorer la résistance à la corrosion. La composition de la couche d'alliage fer-zinc ainsi obtenue conditionne diverses autres propriétés de la bande revêtue, en particulier son aptitude à l'emboutissage, au soudage et à la peinture. Cette technique ne s'avère intéressante que pour des revêtements de zinc de faible épaisseur, c'est-à-dire inférieure à 10 μm environ; au-delà de cette valeur il se produit un poudrage excessif à l'emboutissage.The so-called "galvannealiπg" technique is also known, which consists of hot diffusion of the iron from the strip into the zinc layer, with a view to improving the corrosion resistance. The composition of the iron-zinc alloy layer thus obtained conditions various other properties of the coated strip, in particular its aptitude for stamping, welding and painting. This technique is only interesting for thin zinc coatings, that is to say less than about 10 μm; beyond this value, excessive dusting occurs when stamping.
Enfin, il est également connu de déposer un revêtement métallique complémentaire sur une bande d'acier revêtue d'une couche de zinc, en particulier un revêtement d'aluminium, pour augmenter la résistance à la corrosion du produit revêtu.Finally, it is also known to deposit a complementary metallic coating on a steel strip coated with a layer of zinc, in particular an aluminum coating, to increase the corrosion resistance of the coated product.
La présente invention se situe dans le cadre de la technique du dépôt complémentaire par évaporation sous vide, telle que décrite dans la demande de brevet belge n° 09400086 du 25 janvier 1994, sur une bande galvanisée, le terme galvanisée englobant aussi les bandes ayant subi un traitement de galvannealing. Le procédé en question permet de déposer un revêtement complémentaire ayant une épaisseur contrôlée.The present invention is part of the technique of additional deposition by vacuum evaporation, as described in Belgian patent application No. 09400086 of January 25, 1994, on a galvanized strip, the term galvanized also encompassing strips that have undergone galvannealing treatment. The process in question makes it possible to deposit an additional coating having a controlled thickness.
Le revêtement métallique complémentaire déposé sur la bande par évaporation sous vide est par exemple constitué d'aluminium et son épaisseur est inférieure à 5 μm, et de préférence à 2 μm.The additional metallic coating deposited on the strip by vacuum evaporation consists for example of aluminum and its thickness is less than 5 μm, and preferably 2 μm.
Il est à noter que la phase de revêtement complémentaire par évaporation sous vide peut s'insérer dans une ligne de fabrication de bandes revêtues en continu par immersion; dans ce cas ie coût d'investissement, soit de la transformation qui ne concerne qu'un tronçon particulier de la ligne, soit de la station de traitement à la sortie du bain d'immersion, est relativement limité.It should be noted that the additional coating phase by vacuum evaporation can be inserted in a production line for strips coated continuously by immersion; in this case, the investment cost, either of the transformation which only concerns a particular section of the line, or of the treatment station at the outlet of the immersion bath, is relatively limited.
La présente invention a pour premier objet un dispositif particulier d'évaporation sous vide comprenant un four de chauffage à induction.The present invention first relates to a particular vacuum evaporation device comprising an induction heating oven.
La technique d'évaporation sous vide à l'aide d'un creuset chauffé par induction est en effet la solution technique qui a été retenue pour tenir compte des impératifs de base pour la fabrication des produits. Pour travailler dans des conditions économiques et donner des résultats techniques intéressants, il est en effet important d'avoir une vitesse élevée d'évaporation allant jusqu'à 5 à 8 grammes par seconde et par mètre de largeur de la bande à revêtir et il convient également d'avoir un dispositif à haute efficacité de dépôt, avec un minimum de 95 % pour diminuer le coût en métal évaporé et les arrêts pour nettoyage de l'installation; d'autre part il est impératif, étant donné qu'il s'agit de fabrication de masse, d'avoir des équipements périphériques, tels que les sas, les pompes, etc., d'un coût peu élevé, en même temps que l'on s'efforce de réduire les coûts d'opération et par exemple la force motrice nécessaire à la création du vide dans l'installation de revêtement; pour ce faire, il faut réaliser le dépôt dans un vide aussi peu poussé que possible.The technique of vacuum evaporation using a crucible heated by induction is indeed the technical solution which has been chosen to take into account the basic requirements for the manufacture of products. To work in economic conditions and to give interesting technical results, it is indeed important to have a high rate of evaporation going up to 5 to 8 grams per second and per meter of width of the strip to be coated and it is advisable also to have a high efficiency deposition device, with a minimum of 95% to reduce the cost of evaporated metal and the stops for cleaning of the installation; on the other hand it is imperative, since it is mass production, to have peripheral equipment, such as airlocks, pumps, etc., of low cost, at the same time as efforts are made to reduce operating costs and for example the driving force necessary to create a vacuum in the coating installation; to do this, the deposit must be made in a vacuum as low as possible.
Ces conditions de vitesse élevée d'évaporation, qui dépendent de la température que l'on peut atteindre et de la puissance de chauffage, se retrouvent particulièrement dans les chauffages à induction.These conditions of high evaporation rate, which depend on the temperature which can be reached and the heating power, are found particularly in induction heaters.
Le dispositif conforme à la présente invention, constitué par au moins une cuve d'évaporation sous vide chauffée par induction, est caractérisé en ce que chacune desdites cuves présente un orifice de sortie des vapeurs de métal et en ce que l'orifice de sortie des vapeurs de métal desdites cuves se présente sous la forme d'une fente de petite largeur, située à courte distance de la surface du substrat à revêtir.The device according to the present invention, consisting of at least one vacuum evaporation tank heated by induction, is characterized in that each of said tanks has an outlet opening for metal vapors and in that the outlet opening for metal vapors from said tanks is in the form of a narrow slot, located a short distance from the surface of the substrate to be coated.
De préférence, la fente est orientée transversalement par rapport à la bande et sa longueur est égale à la largeur de la bande à revêtir.Preferably, the slot is oriented transversely with respect to the strip and its length is equal to the width of the strip to be coated.
Dans une réalisation particulièrement avantageuse, le dispositif est pourvu d'un système de protection de la fente contre les projections de métal de revêtement provenant du bain, porté à très haute température par le système de chauffage à induction; ce système est par exemple constitué par un treillis situé entre le bain et la fente de sortie des vapeurs.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the device is provided with a system for protecting the slot against projections of coating metal coming from the bath, brought to very high temperature by the induction heating system; this system is for example constituted by a trellis located between the bath and the vapor outlet slot.
Un dispositif d'évaporation conforme à l'invention permet le revêtement d'une face de la bande d'acier en défilement; dans un mode de réalisation d'une ligne de galvanisation, il est possible d'utiliser deux cuves assurant le revêtement successivement des deux faces de la bande. Etant donné leur situation chacune dans un tronçon horizontal de défilement du produit à revêtir et en raison de la boucle nécessaire au retournement de la bande, les deux cuves ainsi installées nécessitent une longueur de ligne et un nombre de rouleaux déflecteurs qui ne sont pas négligeables. Une variante avantageuse de la présente invention permet d'opérer le revêtement des deux faces d'une bande d'acier galvanisée, sans augmenter la longueur de la ligne de revêtement.An evaporation device according to the invention allows the coating of one face of the moving steel strip; in one embodiment of a galvanizing line, it is possible to use two tanks ensuring the coating successively of the two faces of the strip. Given their situation each in a horizontal section of travel of the product to be coated and because of the loop necessary for turning the strip, the two tanks thus installed require a length of line and a number of deflector rollers which are not negligible. An advantageous variant of the present invention allows the coating of the two faces of a strip of galvanized steel, without increasing the length of the coating line.
Suivant cette variante avantageuse, dans laquelle le dispositif est constitué de deux cuves d'évaporation sous vide chauffées par induction, les deux cuves sont disposées de part et d'autre de la bande d'acier en défilement et les orifices de sortie des vapeurs, qui se présentent chacun sous la forme d'une fente de petite largeur située à courte distance d'une face du substrat, sont disposés l'un en face de l'autre, de façon à être séparés par la bande en défilement.According to this advantageous variant, in which the device consists of two vacuum evaporation tanks heated by induction, the two tanks are arranged on either side of the moving steel strip and the vapor outlet orifices, which are each in the form of a slit of small width located at a short distance from one face of the substrate, are arranged one opposite the other, so as to be separated by the strip running.
Dans une réalisation avantageuse du dispositif de l'invention, les deux cuves sont disposées face à face dans un tronçon vertical de la ligne de galvanisation et les sorties de vapeurs se font suivant une trajectoire sensiblement horizontale.In an advantageous embodiment of the device of the invention, the two tanks are arranged face to face in a vertical section of the galvanizing line and the vapor exits are made along a substantially horizontal trajectory.
Le dispositif suivant l'invention rencontre ainsi la condition impérieuse de haute efficacité grâce à la faible distance entre la sortie des vapeurs métalliques et la surface du substrat à revêtir, ce qui limite les pertes de métal par évaporation autour de l'appareil; grâce à cette disposition il n'est pas nécessaire que l'installation se trouve sous vide poussé et en conséquence les accessoires, tels que les sas d'etanchéité, les pompes pour assurer le vide, etc, peuvent, être de construction plus simple et moins coûteuse. En même temps, à cause de la réalisation particulière du dispositif, les projections métalliques peuvent être empêchées d'arriver au contact du substrat.The device according to the invention thus meets the imperative condition of high efficiency thanks to the short distance between the outlet of the metal vapors and the surface of the substrate to be coated, which limits the losses of metal by evaporation around the device; thanks to this arrangement it is not necessary that the installation is in a high vacuum and consequently the accessories, such as airlocks, pumps for ensuring the vacuum, etc., can be of simpler construction and less expensive. At the same time, because of the particular embodiment of the device, metallic projections can be prevented from coming into contact with the substrate.
L'invention sera à présent décrite en détail en faisant référence aux dessins annexés qui illustrent des exemples de réalisation. LaThe invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate exemplary embodiments. The
figure 1 montre - dans ses principes - le dispositif d'évaporation sous vide suivant l'invention; laFigure 1 shows - in principle - the vacuum evaporation device according to the invention; the
figure 2 montre une installation de revêtement d'une bande par évaporation sous vide à l'aide d'un dispositif suivant la figure 1 ; la figure 3 montre un tronçon de ligne industrielle de galvanisation équipé d'une installation de revêtement des deux faces d'une bande d'acier galvanisé, à l'aide de dispositifs suivant la figure 1 ; laFigure 2 shows an installation for coating a strip by vacuum evaporation using a device according to Figure 1; the Figure 3 shows a section of industrial galvanizing line equipped with a coating installation on both sides of a strip of galvanized steel, using devices according to Figure 1; the
figure 4 illustre - dans ses principes - la variante avantageuse comportant un double dispositif d'évaporation sous vide ; et laFIG. 4 illustrates - in principle - the advantageous variant comprising a double vacuum evaporation device; and the
figure 5 montre un tronçon de ligne industrielle de galvanisation équipé d'un dispositif de revêtement des deux faces d'une bande d'acier galvanisé, suivant la variante de la figure 4.FIG. 5 shows a section of an industrial galvanizing line equipped with a device for coating the two faces of a strip of galvanized steel, according to the variant of FIG. 4.
Ces figures sont des représentations schématiques en coupe axiale sans échelle particulière, dans lesquelles on n'a reproduit que les éléments nécessaires à la compréhension de l'invention. Des éléments identiques ou analogues sont toujours désignés par les mêmes repères numériques.These figures are schematic representations in axial section without any particular scale, in which only the elements necessary for understanding the invention have been reproduced. Identical or analogous elements are always designated by the same reference numerals.
La figure 1 montre le creuset d'évaporation (1) pourvu d'un dispositif de chauffage par induction (2); le bain de métal (3) est porté à très haute température et évaporé en direction de la fente de sortie (4) située à très courte distance de la bande d'acier (5) en défilement; cette bande d'acier est supportée par des rouleaux non représentés sur la figure. Au-dessus du bain et en dessous de la fente de sortie des vapeurs se trouve un dispositif d'arrêt (6) des projections métalliques émanant du bain porté à haute température. Le creuset (1) est isolé thermiquement par une garniture réfractaire (7).Figure 1 shows the evaporation crucible (1) provided with an induction heating device (2); the metal bath (3) is brought to very high temperature and evaporated in the direction of the outlet slit (4) located at very short distance from the moving steel strip (5); this steel strip is supported by rollers not shown in the figure. Above the bath and below the vapor outlet slot is a device (6) for stopping metallic projections emanating from the bath brought to high temperature. The crucible (1) is thermally insulated by a refractory lining (7).
La figure 2 montre une installation d'évaporation sous vide pour le revêtement d'une face de la bande d'acier. On y distingue à nouveau le creuset (1) avec son isolation thermique (7), ainsi que le système de chauffage par induction (2). Le creuset est alimenté en métal liquide à partir d'un réservoir (8) relié au creuset; ce réservoir est maintenu sous atmosphère d'azote pour éviter l'oxydation du métal. De plus, le réglage de la pression d'azote dans le réservoir (8) permet de régler le niveau de métal dans le creuset (1). La bande (5) à revêtir est supportée par des paires de rouleaux (9) et (10), disposés à l'entrée respectivement à la sortie de l'enceinte entourant l'appareil d'évaporation proprement dit et ces paires de rouleaux constituent des sas d'etanchéité séparant l'air extérieur et cette enceinte; des paires de rouleaux pinceurs (11 , 12, 13 et 14) maintiennent la bande sur la trajectoire passant à proximité de la fente par où sortent les vapeurs de métal de revêtement. L'enceinte entourant ie dispositif d'évaporation sous vide peut être constituée, comme représenté sur la figure 2, de plusieurs sections : les sections (15) et (16) situées respectivement à l'entrée et à la sortie (dans le sens du défilement de la bande) sont sous atmosphère gazeuse de HNx, les sections (17) en aval et (18) en amont des sections respectivement d'entrée (15) et de sortie (16) sont également sous atmosphère gazeuse HNx, mais à une pression moins élevée que les sections (15) et (16). Ces sections (17) et (18), contiguës à la section sous vide (19), constituent des sas d'etanchéité pour maintenir le vide dans la section (19) reliée aux pompes à vide (non représentées); comme il a été dit plus haut, ce vide n'est pas très poussé et l'atmosphère résiduelle est constituée d'hydrogène que l'on introduit dans cette section (19) de l'enceinte.Figure 2 shows a vacuum evaporation installation for coating one side of the steel strip. We can again see the crucible (1) with its thermal insulation (7), as well as the induction heating system (2). The crucible is supplied with liquid metal from a reservoir (8) connected to the crucible; this tank is kept under a nitrogen atmosphere to avoid oxidation of the metal. In addition, the adjustment of the nitrogen pressure in the tank (8) makes it possible to adjust the level of metal in the crucible (1). The strip (5) to be coated is supported by pairs of rollers (9) and (10), arranged at the inlet respectively at the outlet of the enclosure surrounding the evaporation apparatus itself and these pairs of rollers constitute airlocks separating the air outside and this enclosure; pairs of pinch rollers (11, 12, 13 and 14) hold the strip on the path passing near the slot through which the coating metal vapors exit. The enclosure surrounding the vacuum evaporation device can consist, as shown in FIG. 2, of several sections: the sections (15) and (16) located respectively at the inlet and at the outlet (in the direction of running of the strip) are under a HNx gas atmosphere, the sections (17) downstream and (18) upstream of the inlet (15) and outlet (16) sections respectively are also under a HNx gas atmosphere, but at a lower pressure than sections (15) and (16). These sections (17) and (18), contiguous to the vacuum section (19), constitute airlocks to maintain the vacuum in the section (19) connected to the vacuum pumps (not shown); as mentioned above, this vacuum is not very high and the residual atmosphere consists of hydrogen which is introduced into this section (19) of the enclosure.
La figure 3 représente un tronçon de ligne de galvanisation équipé de deux dispositifs (20) et (21 ) conformes à l'invention et installés de façon à revêtir par évaporation sous vide les deux faces d'une bande d'acier galvanisée (5) circulant dans l'enceinte commune aux dispositifs d'évaporation. Les dispositifs en question sont disposés sur des parcours hori¬ zontaux de défilement de la bande d'acier; pour des raisons de clarté de la figure, on n'a pas représenté les rouleaux de déviation qui servent de guides pour la circulation de la bande en face des fentes de sortie des vapeurs métalliques.FIG. 3 represents a section of galvanizing line equipped with two devices (20) and (21) according to the invention and installed so as to coat by evaporation under vacuum the two faces of a strip of galvanized steel (5) circulating in the enclosure common to the evaporation devices. The devices in question are arranged on hori¬ zontal paths of travel of the steel strip; for reasons of clarity of the figure, the deflection rollers have not been shown, which serve as guides for the circulation of the strip opposite the outlet slots for metallic vapors.
A titre d'exemple des possibilités du dispositif de l'invention, on décrira ci-après les paramètres d'une utilisation sur une ligne de galvanisation équipée d'un four de réchauffage de 75 t/h; la iigne permet ainsi de traiter des bandes de 1850 mm de largeur à une vitesse d'environ 130 m/minute. Avec deux creusets d'une capacité maximum d'évaporation de 49,3 kg/h par creuset et une vitesse maximum d'évaporation de 7,605 grammes par seconde et par mètre de largeur de bande, on a déposé sur chaque face de la bande une couche d'aluminium de 1 ,3 μm d'épaisseur; les fentes avaient une largeur de 6 mm et leur distance par rapport à la bande était de 30 mm.By way of example of the possibilities of the device of the invention, the parameters of use on a galvanizing line equipped with a heating furnace of 75 t / h will be described below; the line thus makes it possible to process strips of 1850 mm in width at a speed of approximately 130 m / minute. With two crucibles with a maximum evaporation capacity of 49.3 kg / h per crucible and a maximum evaporation rate of 7.605 grams per second and per meter of strip width, one was deposited on each side of the strip aluminum layer 1, 3 μm thick; the slots were 6 mm wide and their distance from the strip was 30 mm.
La figure 4 illustre la variante avantageuse mentionnée plus haut, qui comporte deux creusets d'évaporation (1) et (1') pourvus de dispositifs de chauffage par induction (2) et (2'). Les bains de métal (3) et (3') sont portés à très haute température et évaporés en direction des fentes de sortie (4) et (4') qui se sont face et qui sont situées de part et d'autre et à très courte distance des surfaces respectives de la bande d'acier (5) en défilement; cette bande d'acier est guidée par des rouleaux non représentés sur la figure. Les creusets sont isolés thermiquement à l'aide de garnitures réfractaires (7) (7').FIG. 4 illustrates the advantageous variant mentioned above, which comprises two evaporation crucibles (1) and (1 ′) provided with induction heating devices (2) and (2 '). The metal baths (3) and (3 ') are brought to very high temperature and evaporated in the direction of the exit slots (4) and (4') which face each other and which are located on either side and at very short distance from the respective surfaces of the moving steel strip (5); this steel strip is guided by rollers not shown in the figure. The crucibles are thermally insulated using refractory linings (7) (7 ').
La figure 5 montre un tronçon de la ligne de galvanisation équipé d'un dispositif d'évaporation sous vide pour le revêtement des deux faces de la bande d'acier. Les creusets (1) et (V) sont disposés dans une partie verticale du trajet de la bande (5). La bande (5) en cours de revêtement est guidée par des paires de rouleaux respectivement d'entrée (9) et de sortie (10), ainsi que de paires de rouleaux pinceurs (11 , 12, 13, 14) maintenant la bande sur la trajectoire à proximité des fentes de sortie des vapeurs de métal de revêtement. Les paires de rouleaux (9) et (10) disposés à l'entrée respectivement à la sortie de l'enceinte constituent des sas d'etanchéité isolant l'enceinte entourant l'appareil d'évaporation proprement dit de l'atmosphère gazeuse du reste de la ligne, par exemple constituée de HNx; la partie centrale (19) de l'enceinte en question est reliée aux pompes à vide (non représentées); comme il a été dit plus haut, ce vide n'est pas très poussé et l'atmosphère résiduelle est constituée d'hydrogène que l'on introduit dans cette section de l'enceinte.Figure 5 shows a section of the galvanizing line equipped with a vacuum evaporation device for coating the two sides of the steel strip. The crucibles (1) and (V) are arranged in a vertical part of the path of the strip (5). The strip (5) being coated is guided by pairs of input (9) and output (10) rollers respectively, as well as pairs of pinch rollers (11, 12, 13, 14) holding the strip on the trajectory near the exit slots of the coating metal vapors. The pairs of rollers (9) and (10) disposed at the inlet respectively at the outlet of the enclosure constitute airlocks isolating the enclosure surrounding the evaporation apparatus proper from the gaseous atmosphere of the rest the line, for example consisting of HNx; the central part (19) of the enclosure in question is connected to the vacuum pumps (not shown); as mentioned above, this vacuum is not very high and the residual atmosphere consists of hydrogen which is introduced into this section of the enclosure.
Le dispositif de l'invention permet de fabriquer un produit revêtu qui présente une résistance nettement accrue à la corrosion, ainsi qu'une très bonne adhérence du revêtement et une aptitude élevée à la mise en forme à la presse. De plus, les faibles coûts d'investissement et de fonctionnement de l'installation rendent ce produit particulièrement économique. The device of the invention makes it possible to manufacture a coated product which has a markedly increased resistance to corrosion, as well as a very good adhesion of the coating and a high formability for press forming. In addition, the low investment and operating costs of the installation make this product particularly economical.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif pour revêtir une bande d'acier, constitué par au moins une cuve d'évaporation sous vide chauffée par induction, caractérisé en ce que chacune desdites cuves (1 , l'; 20, 21) présente un orifice de sortie des vapeurs de métal et en ce que l'orifice de sortie des vapeurs de métal desdites cuves se présente sous la forme d'une o fente (4, 4') de petite largeur, située à courte distance de la surface du substrat à revêtir (5).1. Device for coating a steel strip, constituted by at least one vacuum evaporation tank heated by induction, characterized in that each of said tanks (1, l '; 20, 21) has a vapor outlet orifice of metal and in that the outlet for the metal vapors from said tanks is in the form of a narrow slot (4, 4 ′) located a short distance from the surface of the substrate to be coated (5 ).
2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la fente est orientée transversalement par rapport à la bande et en ce que sa longueur est égale à la largeur 5 de la bande à revêtir.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the slot is oriented transversely relative to the strip and in that its length is equal to the width 5 of the strip to be coated.
3. Dispositif suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est pourvu d'un système de protection de l'orifice de sortie des vapeurs (4) contre les projections de métal de revêtement venant du bain (3). 03. Device according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is provided with a system for protecting the vapor outlet orifice (4) against splashes of coating metal coming from of the bath (3). 0
4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit système de protection est constitué par un treillis (6) situé entre le bain métallique (3) et la fente de sortie des vapeurs (4).4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that said protection system consists of a mesh (6) located between the metal bath (3) and the vapor outlet slot (4).
5 5. Dispositif suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux cuves d'évaporation sous vide disposées de part et d'autre de la bande d'acier en défilement et en ce que les orifices de sortie des vapeurs desdites cuves sont disposés l'un en face de l'autre, de façon à être séparés par la bande en défilement.5 5. Device according to either of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises two vacuum evaporation tanks arranged on either side of the moving steel strip and in that that the vapor outlet orifices of said tanks are arranged one opposite the other, so as to be separated by the moving strip.
0 6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux cuves sont disposées face à face dans un tronçon vertical de la ligne de galvanisation et en ce que les orifices de sortie des vapeurs sont orientés sensiblement en direction horizontale. 0 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the two tanks are arranged face to face in a vertical section of the galvanizing line and in that the vapor outlet orifices are oriented substantially in the horizontal direction.
7. Installation d'évaporation sous vide pour le revêtement d'une bande d'acier, comportant au moins un dispositif d'évaporation sous vide suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que ledit dispositif d'évaporation est disposé dans une enceinte isolée de l'atmosphère extérieure par des paires de rouleaux disposés à l'entrée respectivement à la sortie de ladite enceinte entourant l'appareil d'évaporation proprement dit, et en ce que des paires de rouleaux pinceurs maintiennent la bande sur la trajectoire passant à proximité de la fente par où sortent les vapeurs de métal de revêtement. 7. Vacuum evaporation installation for coating a steel strip, comprising at least one vacuum evaporation device according to either of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said device d evaporation is arranged in an enclosure isolated from the external atmosphere by pairs of rollers disposed at the inlet respectively at the outlet of said enclosure surrounding the evaporation apparatus itself, and in that pairs of pinch rollers maintain the strip on the path passing near the slot through which the coating metal vapors exit.
PCT/BE1996/000048 1995-05-10 1996-05-08 Device and plant for coating a steel band WO1996035822A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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BE9500421 1995-05-10
BE9500421A BE1009317A6 (en) 1995-05-10 1995-05-10 Device and installation for coating a steel strip
BE9500447A BE1009321A6 (en) 1995-05-17 1995-05-17 Device for coating a galvanised steel strip
BE9500447 1995-05-17

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WO1997047782A1 (en) * 1996-06-13 1997-12-18 Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques-Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie Method and device for continuous coating of a moving substrate by means of a metallic vapour
WO1998054375A1 (en) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-03 Lintek Pty. Ltd. Vacuum deposition system including mobile source
DE10128091C1 (en) * 2001-06-11 2002-10-02 Applied Films Gmbh & Co Kg Device for coating a flat substrate used in the production of flat TV screens with organic illuminating diodes comprises a fixed vaporizer source for vaporizing materials
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KR101101339B1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2012-01-02 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 Manufacturing apparatus

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997047782A1 (en) * 1996-06-13 1997-12-18 Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques-Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie Method and device for continuous coating of a moving substrate by means of a metallic vapour
WO1998054375A1 (en) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-03 Lintek Pty. Ltd. Vacuum deposition system including mobile source
DE10128091C1 (en) * 2001-06-11 2002-10-02 Applied Films Gmbh & Co Kg Device for coating a flat substrate used in the production of flat TV screens with organic illuminating diodes comprises a fixed vaporizer source for vaporizing materials
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KR101101339B1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2012-01-02 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 Manufacturing apparatus
EP2130941A3 (en) * 2008-06-04 2011-11-09 DCA Instruments Oy An apparatus for evaporation comprising an effusion cell and a method of growing a film on a substrate
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