WO1996031686A1 - Silencieux multifonctions pour vehicules a essence - Google Patents

Silencieux multifonctions pour vehicules a essence Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996031686A1
WO1996031686A1 PCT/HU1996/000018 HU9600018W WO9631686A1 WO 1996031686 A1 WO1996031686 A1 WO 1996031686A1 HU 9600018 W HU9600018 W HU 9600018W WO 9631686 A1 WO9631686 A1 WO 9631686A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rear muffler
afterburning
air
filtrate
noble metal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU1996/000018
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
József KERTI
Original Assignee
Kerti Jozsef
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kerti Jozsef filed Critical Kerti Jozsef
Priority to AU52854/96A priority Critical patent/AU5285496A/en
Publication of WO1996031686A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996031686A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/306—Preheating additional air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/082—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling the gases passing through porous members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2825—Ceramics
    • F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates - besides noise deadening - to rendering the rear muffler of gasoline powered vehicles suitable for decrease in health hazardous effect of the gases in the exhaust system, both in itself and in combination with ⁇ -controlled or not .-controlled (so called ..uncontrolled”)
  • the complete afterburning of the C x H y filtrate with good efficiency is needed in order to ensure the prevention of both the partial clogging down of the porous ceramic support and the additional necking down (counter- pressure) taking its origin therein as well as to avoid the secondary environ ⁇ ment pollution by the unburnt filtrate.
  • the possibility of the secondary envi- ronment pollution must be allowed for on account of several reasons. At sudden increase in the mileage (e.g. uphill overtaking with loaded vehicle) can result in a sudden increase in the gas flow that can sweep unburnt C x H y particles out of the rear muffler.
  • the long-lasting load can elevate the temperature of the gas also in the rear muffler up to above 300°C, that can promote the sublimation of the C x H y filtrate components which are vola ⁇ tile in an increased degree.
  • Further secondary environment polluting and labour-safety problems can arise e.g. when metallurgic working up of the outsorted or used up rear mufflers. All these can be impeded by accelerating the afterburning and preventing the cokifying of the C x H y filtrate.
  • the rich burn running cannot occur at the cold starting up and nor can at the cold running, accelerating, cruising and decelerating periods (the excess output needed e.g. to the ac ⁇ celeration is ensured by engine technical measures).
  • the counter-pressure of the muffler with the insert is negligible and, consequently, its pressure is also fluctuating in the muffler along with the temperature of the gas and is intermittent higher or lower that the external pressure. Since the C x H y filtrate afterburning is not continuous (unlike in the noble metal catalyst zone), a satisfactory afterburn ⁇ ing can be attained according to the experience by ensuring an air feeding in thorugh the valve only if the interior pressure is lower than that of the ambi ⁇ ence. The completion of the task having been set based on the further con ⁇ sideration that, in order to attain the effectual and quick C x H y filtrate after ⁇ burning, the promotion of the adiabatic catalysis described in the patent specification No.
  • HU 210 012 is reasonable by making the porosity of the ceramic muffler insert inhomogeneous.
  • the optimum porosity of the support is specified in the said patent - on experimental basis - to be 20 ⁇ 2 PPI (7,1- 8,7 pores/cm), but in way as if even this region could be tolerated, without indicating it to be prescribed.
  • the adiabatic catalysis in the quasi homoge ⁇ neous pores comes into being by the pores' distribution gradual becoming unequal in consequence of the repeated hydration - dehydration of the coating, as well as of the unequal deposition of the filtrate.
  • the local specific volume of the streaming gas if fluctuating along with the local pore size and wherever the local specific volume decreases, the local pressure as well as the temperature increases.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the flow-sheet of the silencer of various functions ac ⁇ cording to the invention in combination with the ⁇ -controlled catalyst running
  • the exhaust gets from the pistons through the tube section 1 into the noble metal-catalyst box 2.
  • This enables the NO x decomposition in the catalyst zone section 2a by mediation of the noble metal-coated ceramic support of homeycomb structure, the CO and C x H y afterburning, however, in that of 2b.
  • the supplementary air gets into the catalyst zone from the pre-heater 4 in the gas-space 5 inserted between the sections 2a and 2b, mixing therein to the turbulently flowing exhaust.
  • the gas flows in the tube section 6 from the catalyst box 2 into the traditional silencer zone 7, which contains one or two mufflers, depending on the concrete vehicle type.
  • the gas is flowing on into the rear muf- fler 8, supplied with inserts according to the invention, the construction of which is known from the patent specification No. HU 210 012.
  • the purified gas is streaming in the end through the exhaust pipe 9 into the open.
  • the flow-sheet 2 represents the combination of the silencer according to the invention with ⁇ -co ⁇ trolled catalysts without pre-heated supplementary
  • silencer of various functions according to the invention can be applied in several combinations, these can be ranged around three varieties. 1. Vehicles without noble metalcatalysts or with uncontrolled ones;
  • the leaded fuel claiming vehicles or ones that can be operated therewith fall also under the group 1.
  • Vehicles of the group 2 and 3 can only be operated with lead-free gasoline.
  • the following experimental and meas ⁇ urement data represent in the three groups, one example each.
  • Example 1 Acoustic and counter-pressure characteristics of a variety without noble metal catalyst
  • the long axis of the oval muffler housing was 158 mm, its short axis
  • the following Table comprises the numerical results of the compara ⁇ tive tests (the italicized data concern the muffler of the same measurements as that of the manufacturers' equipped with inserts according to the inven ⁇ tion).
  • the ⁇ % figures denote the relative decrease in emission without meth-
  • the TOC ppmC data are the values of the carbon content in the C x H y in terms of ppm calculated by the methane con ⁇ tent deduction (the TOC and the ppmC without CH 4 data have been deter ⁇ mined separately as prescribed).
  • the silencer of various functions according to the inven ⁇ tion provides the additional effect considerable from requirements' meeting viewpoint beside retaining, from time to time even enhancing its original function (noise deadening) by decreasing the concentration of the seriously health hazardous components in the emission with a prolonged lifetime, but in any case with one surpassing that of the noble metal catalysts due to the C x H y filtrate afterburning enabled even in its fresh state and with new inserts respectively.
  • the efficiency of the said decrease is the highest just in the op ⁇ erational status that the noble metal catalyst does not at all act, or not satis ⁇ factory acts in.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte non seulement à l'atténuation du bruit mais également à la diminution des effets néfastes des gaz d'échappement à l'aide d'un silencieux arrière dans les véhicules à essence, et cela à la fois seul et en association avec des catalyseurs à métal noble avec régulation lambda ou sans régulation lambda (catalyseurs 'non régulés'). On élimine par filtrage le plomb et les autres particules évacuées renfermant des métaux, et on effectue ultérieurement une régénération par voie métallurgique des métaux ou composés métalliques des gaz. Par ailleurs, on réalise une postcombustion catalytique des particules déposées filtrées de la brume ou des fumées renfermant des hydrocarbures (CxHy), afin d'obtenir du gaz carbonique et de l'eau. Quant à l'objet de l'invention, on peut considérer que l'invention représente un perfectionnement apporté aux solutions techniques enseignées par les brevets hongrois 203 218 et 210 012, car elle maintient entre 5,5 et 10,5 pores/cm la porosité non homogène du monolithe tubulaire céramique revêtu d'électrolyte et monté de manière concentrique dans le silencieux arrière, et elle facilite la postcombustion du filtrat combustible séparé dans le silencieux arrière, tout en augmentant la quantité d'air excédentaire à l'aide d'un dispositif du type convertisseur à traitement de gaz.
PCT/HU1996/000018 1995-04-07 1996-04-05 Silencieux multifonctions pour vehicules a essence WO1996031686A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU52854/96A AU5285496A (en) 1995-04-07 1996-04-05 Silencer of various functions to gasoline-powered vehicles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU9501012A HUT74859A (en) 1995-04-07 1995-04-07 Multifunctional sound-absorbing for petrol vehicles
HUP9501012 1995-04-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996031686A1 true WO1996031686A1 (fr) 1996-10-10

Family

ID=10986700

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/HU1996/000018 WO1996031686A1 (fr) 1995-04-07 1996-04-05 Silencieux multifonctions pour vehicules a essence

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5285496A (fr)
HU (1) HUT74859A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996031686A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2948970A1 (fr) * 2009-08-07 2011-02-11 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif d'injection d'air, ligne d'echappement equipee d'un tel dispositf et procede de chauffage d'un organe de depollution place dans la ligne d'echappement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2167132A5 (fr) * 1971-12-27 1973-08-17 Tenneco Inc
EP0220505A2 (fr) * 1985-10-26 1987-05-06 MAN Technologie Aktiengesellschaft Filtre pour l'épuration des gaz d'échappement
DE3608635A1 (de) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-17 Drache Keramikfilter Abgasreaktor und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2167132A5 (fr) * 1971-12-27 1973-08-17 Tenneco Inc
EP0220505A2 (fr) * 1985-10-26 1987-05-06 MAN Technologie Aktiengesellschaft Filtre pour l'épuration des gaz d'échappement
DE3608635A1 (de) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-17 Drache Keramikfilter Abgasreaktor und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2948970A1 (fr) * 2009-08-07 2011-02-11 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif d'injection d'air, ligne d'echappement equipee d'un tel dispositf et procede de chauffage d'un organe de depollution place dans la ligne d'echappement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5285496A (en) 1996-10-23
HUT74859A (en) 1997-02-28
HU9501012D0 (en) 1995-06-28

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