Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
  • G05D7/00—Control of flow
  • G05D7/06—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means
  • G05D7/0617—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials
  • G05D7/0629—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means
  • G05D7/0676—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means by action on flow sources
  • G05D7/0682—Control of flow characterised by the use of electric means specially adapted for fluid materials characterised by the type of regulator means by action on flow sources using a plurality of flow sources
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
  • B65B3/00—Packaging plastic material, semiliquids, liquids or mixed solids and liquids, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
  • B65B3/26—Methods or devices for controlling the quantity of the material fed or filled
  • B65B3/34—Methods or devices for controlling the quantity of the material fed or filled by timing of filling operations
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
  • G05D11/00—Control of flow ratio
  • G05D11/02—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material
  • G05D11/13—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means
  • G05D11/131—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by measuring the values related to the quantity of the individual components
  • G05D11/132—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by measuring the values related to the quantity of the individual components by controlling the flow of the individual components

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for the metered filling of flowable media into containers, in which the time for filling the volume of a filling tube is measured and brought into a time-determined relationship in the set comparison with the volume of a vessel to be filled.
• the time for filling the filling tube is divided into time units starting at the start of filling and ending when the medium emerges from the filling tube.
• the base for filling the volume of the filling pipe is always kept constant by the overflow arrangement of a level container.
• the viscosity is adjusted separately outside the filling tube.
• the invention relates to a device for performing the method.
• DD PS 297 123 From DD PS 297 123 it is known that the basis for filling the volume of the filling pipe of a flow-controlled, viscosity-independent filling machine is kept constant by an overflow arrangement of a level container.
• the filling machine is designed in such a way that a filling tube protrudes from a buffer container in which a level container is arranged, in which the filling tube, connected to a pump, ends in a filling medium bath.
• the level container has a common filling medium bath, which is kept in a continuous circuit by continuously filling the level container with the filling medium.
• a barrier formed by sensors is provided, which is connected via a control signal to a control device, which is provided via an output signal in front of a switching amplifier and is increasingly connected to the pump.
• the control device is operatively connected to a position transmitter via a control signal.
• the object is achieved for a generic method by the characterizing features of patent claim 1 and for a generic device for carrying out the method by the characterizing features of patent claim 4.
• the filled container moves on, and in the filling cycle, the procedural, time-controlled filling process starts again. It is an embodiment of the method according to the invention if the total filling time t n
• V tn v • A is determined.
• the flow velocity Qv in the filling pipe is measured with an analog speed sensor.
• the filling time is started and ended in connection with the now constant flow velocity Qv and the constant volume of the filling medium when the containers are filled.
• a filling pipe is arranged on the level container, which is constantly filled with the filling medium, and is connected to a filling pump.
• a flow sensor is arranged in the filling pipe immediately above the level of the filling medium in the level container and is connected to a time control - PLC - of a known type. In the time control, the target value of the flow velocity is Filling medium stored.
• the actual velocity is adapted to the size of the target value.
• This adaptation is carried out by changing the pump speed, which emits a changed volume and thus, while maintaining the constant conditions, such as the same cross section of the filling tube, readjusting the flow rate of the filling medium.
• the start sensor arranged at the outlet opening of the filling pipe is activated when the filling flow passes the sensor area. Since the factors of flow speed and volume in one unit of time and the cross section of the filling tube are now constant, only the time need be measured in which a certain volume is filled into a container.
• the method for the time control of flowable media which is designed and adapted in accordance with the method and the device, has the advantage of absolute volume accuracy. Since the medium has a constant viscosity character due to a pretreatment, a continuous flow rate is guaranteed during a filling process into a container. Because the process is cyclical and repetitive and self-controlling in each filling process, it is advantageously possible to fill the containers to be filled with exactly the same amount of a filling medium, since the parameters for measuring accuracy are always repeatable.
• Fig. 1 The implementation of the method in the application for filling media with a shear gradient
• Fig. 2 The implementation of the method in the application for filling media without shear.
• Fig. 3 A representation of the process according to. 1 and 2
• a filling machine 1 is made up of a buffer tank 2, a level tank 3, a level pump 4 with a connected pressure line 8, which forms the bottom of the leveling tank 3, a filling pump 5 with a rising filling pipe 9 connected to it, directly above the liquid level 14, an analog speed sensor 12 and a start sensor 10 is provided at the outlet end.
• the outlet end of the ascending filling tube 9 is designed so that the filling jet of the medium to be filled flows freely and safely into the filling opening of the container to be filled and ensures a clean and drip-free filling. Therefore, in accordance with FIGS. 1 and 3, the flow sensor 11 for measuring the flow velocity Qv is arranged on the pressure line 8. The flow sensor 11 constantly measures the flow speed Qv.
• the measured value Xqv as the actual value of the flow velocity Qv is read into a Qv controller 15 and compared with a target value Wqv. If the setpoint and actual values match, there is no change in a frequency converter 16 and no change in speed at the level pump 4. If the setpoint and actual values present in the PLC device differ from one another, a voltage signal Uqv is used as a manipulated variable the Qv control to the frequency converter 16 and the speed of the level pump 4 is changed until the required flow rate Qv is reached. This ensures a high level of consistency in the initial level for the filling pump.
• the analog speed sensor 12 measures the increase in the flow velocity in the ascending filling tube 9.
• the measured actual values are constantly compared with the target values stored in the Qv controller 15. If the target value of the flow velocity in the ascending filling pipe 9 is reached, the speed of the filling pump 5 is kept constant via the frequency converter 16. The arrangement of the sensor 12 directly above the liquid level 14 has therefore been chosen in order to be able to detect the speed of the filling medium immediately after the pump drive of the filling pump 5 has been switched on. If the target value speed is reached, its value is kept constant. In order to ensure a safe regulation of the speed of the ascending filling medium in the filling tube 9, the length of the filling tube 9 is designed such that the target speed of the filling medium flow is reached before the filling medium exits the filling tube 9 at the start sensor 10.
• the filling medium flows out of the filling pipe 9, it enters the area of action of the start sensor 10 and activates it. If the sensor 10 is activated, it starts a fast counter 17.
• the counter 17 is set so that after reaching a predetermined volume, depending on the time unit, the pump 5 is switched off. This is not a volume metering, but due to the presence of a constant filler tube cross-section, a precisely regulated flow rate brought into line with a target value. daught of the filling flow and the predetermined filling volume, which is determined by the respective size of the container to be filled. An extraordinarily high accuracy of the volume is achieved by precise time control of the filling time.
• the following formula results for the calculation from the constant cross-section of the filler pipe, the regulated speed of the filler medium in connection with the volume to be filled:
• V specified volume [cm ⁇ ]
• v velocity [cm ⁇ l]
• A cross-sectional area of the filling pipe [cm ⁇ ]
• the speed of the filling jet is automatically regulated by the speed measurement, so that there is no dripping and splash-free filling.
• the level pump 4 is started after the volume filling system has been switched on when the filling process of the buffer container 2 is completed.
• the volume flow generated by the level pump 4 fills the level container 3, which is arranged in the buffer container 2.
• the volume flow generated by the level pump 4 causes a continuous, all-round overflow of the product to be filled over the edges of the level container 3 arranged in the buffer container 2.
• the level container 3 is arranged in such a way that the overflowing medium can flow off on all sides over its edges.
• an analog flow sensor 12 is arranged on the ascending fill tube 9.
• the sensor 12 is designed for the measurement of the flow velocities in the range of 0-300 cm / s.
• the speed sensor 12 continuously measures the actual value of the flow speed Xqv, which is compared in the Qv controller 15 with the target value specification of the flow speed Wqv.
• the measured value Xqv is an analog voltage value, it can have a size of 0 - 10 V depending on the speed.
• a flow velocity is assigned to all analog voltage values.
• the filling pump 5 generates a volume flow after being switched on, and a larger volume flow as the speed increases.
• the target value specification (speed target value Wqv) is 1.5 m / s.
• a voltage adjustment is carried out in the Qv controller 15 according to FIG. 3.
• the filling pump 5 also compensates for the apparent increase in the geodetic delivery head in the filling pipe 9 at higher densities such that the flow rate Qv is always filled in the desired value Wqv. This compensation is necessary because a volume flow Q of at least 1 l / s is generated with a selected pump output and an existing filling pipe cross section.
• the final speed of the filling pump 5 is reached after approx. 0.1 s in the selected frequency converter 16.
• the start sensor 10 may only be activated when the filling pump 9 is operating safely in the region of the constant, regulated flow rate.
• the start sensor 10 is arranged above the fill level of the level container 14 in such a way that the distance to be traveled is certainly sufficient for adjusting the speed.
• the sensor 10 is only activated when changes in the speed of the filling flow Q are excluded.
• the arrangement according to FIGS. 1 and 3 is chosen if viscous filling media are to be filled with shear traps. Dispersions have a pronounced shear gradient.
• latex binders should be mentioned, the viscosity of which starts from an initial value of e.g. B. 10,000 mPas by stirring to a viscosity value of approx.
• the viscosity value increases quickly. In the filling pump 5, therefore, the viscosity increases again during the filling pauses when the pump rotor is at a standstill. In order to prevent the viscosity from rising again, the pump 5 is subjected to a speed immediately after the pump has stopped, which speed is selected so that it remains below the speed effective for conveying.
• the level between the level container 3 and the filling level in the buffer container 2 is generally 2 to 3 cm. A higher filling flow Q can therefore be generated here with the identical level pump 4 at lower speeds. If media are filled that do not have a shear rate, the overflow arrangement according to FIG. 1 can be dispensed with, since there are no changes in viscosity due to stirring.
• the filling pump 5 is arranged directly in the buffer tank 2.
• the flow sensor 12 and, above it, the start sensor 10 are arranged on the filling pipe 9 in the ascending direction.
• the flow sensor 12 measures the current flow speed of the filling flow Q generated by the filling pump 5.
• the measured flow speed is compared with the target value Wqv.
• the manipulated variable Uqv formed is output directly to the frequency converter 16 of the filling pump 5.
• the distances between the sensor 12 measuring the flow and the start sensor 10 are selected such that a regulated constant flow after the setpoint / actual value equals and reaches the setpoint value and adjusts the pump speed before the start sensor 10 is activated . It should be noted that a separate level control to maintain the level in the buffer tank 2 is guaranteed. This regulates that a predetermined filling speed is reached and level fluctuations which would lead to a change in the flow speed Qv are excluded.
• the sensor 12 measures the current flow rate that is generated by the filling pump 5.
• the sensor 12 is connected to the Qv controller 15.
• the actual values of the flow velocity Xqv determined by the flow sensor 12 are transmitted to the Qv controller 15 and compared therein with the target values Wqv. The comparison continues until the size of the continuously determined actual values has increased to the desired value Wqv by increasing the pump output of the filling pump.
• the adjustment is completed in any case before the filling medium in the filling pipe has reached the start sensor 10.
• the start sensor 10 passes through the filling medium, it is activated and sends a pulse to a counter which measures the time pulses until the intended volume is filled into the container.
• the counter gives the frequency converter 16 the command to stop the filling pump 5.
• the same time regime is brought into effect for filling the next container.
• the time to fill a container in the size of 1000 ml is approx. 1.4 s, so that approx. 30 containers of the specified size can be filled within one minute including the container change times.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
• Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
• Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (4)

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• 1995
  • 1995-02-22 DE DE19507817A patent/DE19507817C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1996
  • 1996-02-20 JP JP8525308A patent/JPH10505813A/ja active Pending
  • 1996-02-20 US US08/732,414 patent/US5787943A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-02-20 EP EP96903915A patent/EP0756558B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-02-20 AU AU64612/96A patent/AU692717B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1996-02-20 AT AT96903915T patent/ATE170816T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-02-20 CA CA002188537A patent/CA2188537A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-02-20 WO PCT/DE1996/000338 patent/WO1996026111A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-02-22 IN IN101BO1996 patent/IN186630B/en unknown

Patent Citations (4)

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