WO1996024146A1 - Dispositif de regulation de tension - Google Patents

Dispositif de regulation de tension Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996024146A1
WO1996024146A1 PCT/EP1996/000428 EP9600428W WO9624146A1 WO 1996024146 A1 WO1996024146 A1 WO 1996024146A1 EP 9600428 W EP9600428 W EP 9600428W WO 9624146 A1 WO9624146 A1 WO 9624146A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
section
switching element
consumer
transformer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1996/000428
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Plöbst
Robert Renner
Original Assignee
Ploebst Siegfried
Robert Renner
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19541341A external-priority patent/DE19541341C2/de
Application filed by Ploebst Siegfried, Robert Renner filed Critical Ploebst Siegfried
Priority to AU47173/96A priority Critical patent/AU4717396A/en
Priority to EP96902973A priority patent/EP0807311B1/fr
Priority to DE59600910T priority patent/DE59600910D1/de
Publication of WO1996024146A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996024146A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/02—Auto-transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for uninterrupted voltage control with an autotransformer.
  • a street lighting system is generally operated at full luminous intensity, that is to say with mains voltage, during the rush hour in the evening and with reduced voltage in the quiet night time.
  • mains voltage that is to say with mains voltage
  • the switchover from the mains voltage to the reduced voltage and vice versa must be carried out without interruption, otherwise the lamp will fail.
  • infinitely variable transformers are used, for. B. an autotransformer, which has an iron core with only one winding, which is connected on the input side to the phase of the network and the neutral conductor and on the output side to a tap of the transformer winding and the neutral conductor.
  • the voltage to be taken is obtained by tapping the line leading to the phase of the consumer leads, obtained on a turn of the winding.
  • the ratio of the voltage to be reduced to the nominal voltage corresponds to the ratio of the number of turns located between the output side of the winding and the stripped turn to the total number of turns of the winding.
  • the entire winding thus forms the primary winding, while the winding section between the tap and the neutral conductor forms the secondary winding of the economy transformer.
  • the winding section of the primary winding between the phase of the network and the tap is also referred to as the load section.
  • variable transformers are known in which the winding is provided with taps. So that there is no interruption during the switching and no short-circuiting of the turns to be switched on and off, two switching elements are provided in each branch between the tap and the supply line to the consumer, the second switching element bridging a resistor.
  • the switching process begins with the fact that in the connected, first branch the Resistor is switched on and then the connection to the new tap is established via an equally large resistor in the other branch.
  • the turns to be connected between the two taps are now short-circuited, but the two resistors are in the short-circuit and limit the short-circuit current. If the first switching element in the first branch is now opened, the new tap is already connected. Your direct connection to the outer supply line is finally achieved by closing the second switching element in the second branch.
  • the known variable transformer with tap changer is complex and correspondingly expensive due to the two switching elements and the resistance at each tap.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simply constructed transformer for voltage regulation, which enables switching without voltage interruption for the consumer. This is achieved according to the invention with the device characterized in claim 1. Advantageous refinements of the invention are given in subclaims 2 to 7. Preferred applications of the device according to the invention are specified in claims 8 to 10.
  • the one, first switching element of the transformer of the device according to the invention is preferably used to bridge the load section of the transformer and the further switching element is used to put the primary winding out of operation. It can also be provided in the control section.
  • the two switching elements are controlled so that the load section forms a choke. In this way, the consumer is always supplied with the minimum voltage during the switching process. If the switching between individual switching elements takes place practically simultaneously, the throttling effect can hardly come into play. The short circuit can then be so brief that the short circuit current cannot increase.
  • the switching elements can therefore be controlled so that a short circuit is limited in time so that damage to the switching elements or lines is prevented.
  • the primary and / or secondary winding preferably consists at least partially of individual sections, which can be interconnected in a combination corresponding to the voltage to be reduced. At least one section has the first switching element in its current path and the further switching element between its input and the output.
  • the switching elements are preferably formed by contactors.
  • Each individual section can have a resistor, a choke and / or a fuse, preferably a line with which a switching element is provided, with which the consumer can be connected to the phase of the network.
  • the further switching element can be arranged in the line which connects the load section on the output side to the consumer.
  • the transformer winding of the autotransformer preferably has a load section connected on the input side to the phase of the network and on the output side to the phase of the consumer and a control section connected on the output side to the neutral conductor, which control section consists at least partially of the individual sections which, in a combination corresponding to the voltage to be taken off, with the Neutral conductors are connectable.
  • the control section preferably consists of a first part and a second part. The second part is arranged between the first part and the load section. The number of turns of the second part connected to the neutral conductor can not be changed, while the number of turns of the first part which can be connected to the neutral conductor can be changed.
  • the consumer can be, in particular, a lighting system with gas discharge lamps.
  • the first switching element of the device according to the invention is closed and the second switching element is open. If the brightness is to be reduced, that is to say a voltage drop corresponding to the transformation ratio of the transformer, the first switching element must be opened and the second switching element must be closed. This requires a certain switchover time.
  • the two switching elements are preferably formed by a contactor with NO contacts and / or a contactor with NO contacts and NC contacts. With a contactor as a switching element, the changeover time is a few milliseconds. In order to prevent the lamp from failing, the first switching element in the primary circuit is therefore opened according to the invention.
  • the load section of the transformer ie the section over which the load current flows, thus changes into a choke. In this way, failure of the lamp during the switching process is prevented. Then the further switching element is closed, which results in a voltage drop corresponding to the transformation ratio of the transformer.
  • the device according to the invention can advantageously be used for power control, also called load management. You can do one Consumer or a consumer group are upstream.
  • the power consumption (P) is proportional to the square of the voltage (U). That is, a relatively small change in voltage causes a relatively large change in power consumption for an ohmic consumer. It should be noted that the devices are usually fully functional within a voltage tolerance of, for example, 230 V ⁇ 10%.
  • the device according to the invention With the device according to the invention, load management is thus possible without control lines and without interfering with the operating mode of the consumer. Conversely, in the event of low load, the device according to the invention can increase the voltage applied to the consumer compared to the supply voltage. The device according to the invention is controlled as a function of the load.
  • the voltage drops within the tolerable per se it can come to a lower voltage below the permitted level for consumers located further away.
  • the device according to the invention can therefore also be used advantageously, for example, for voltage compensation in the electrical supply network or in general in electrical systems.
  • the device according to the invention can be used not only to regulate the voltage downwards, but also to increase the voltage. This can be done by switching the transformer in reverse order (load and nominal voltage interchanged) between consumer and supply voltage.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 each show a different circuit of an autotransformer according to the invention.
  • the autotransformer consists of a closed iron core 1 with a winding 2.
  • the entire winding 2 forms the primary winding of the autotransformer, the section 4 of the winding 2 between the phase L of the network and the tap 3 of the line 5 to the gas discharge lamp 6 Section of the load over which the load current IL flows to the lamp 6.
  • the winding section 7 between the tap 3 and the neutral conductor N forms the secondary winding of the autotransformer, via which the magnetizing current IM and a compensation current dependent on the load flows.
  • the phase L of the network is connected to line 5 via a bypass line 8.
  • the bypass line 8 has a first switching element 9, so that it bridges the load section 4 when the switching element 9 is closed.
  • the output of the secondary winding 7 is with connected to the neutral conductor N via a line 10 which has a second switching element 11.
  • the two switching elements 9 and 11 are formed by a contactor, that is to say a remotely operated electromagnetic switch, preferably by the make or break contact of one and the same contactor, or by the two make contacts of a contactor, as shown in the drawing.
  • a contactor that is to say a remotely operated electromagnetic switch, preferably by the make or break contact of one and the same contactor, or by the two make contacts of a contactor, as shown in the drawing.
  • the nominal voltage is designated with Ul, and the load voltage with U2.
  • Ul The nominal voltage
  • the switching element 9 When the switching element 9 is open and the switching element 11 is closed, that is to say when the contactor is not actuated, the lamp 6 is operated with the voltage U2 ⁇ Ul reduced by the transformer.
  • the contactor is actuated to switch the load voltage U2 to the nominal voltage Ul.
  • the switching elements 9, 11, that is, the closer and the opener of the contactor are controlled so that the switching element 11 is opened before the switching element 9 is closed.
  • the load section 4 acts briefly during the switching time of the contactor, i. H. for example 5 to 50 milliseconds, as a choke.
  • the choke leads to a voltage drop. However, this is low, so that the lamp 6 is supplied with a sufficient voltage U2 during the switching process.
  • the reduced voltage z. B. 180 V care must be taken that the reduced voltage U2 is greater than the minimum voltage required for operating the gas discharge lamp 6, preferably 5 V to 10 V greater than the minimum voltage, in order to take fluctuations in the nominal voltage into account.
  • FIG. 2 shows a transformer with a primary winding 12 and a secondary winding 13 on a closed iron core 1. Through lines 15 and 16, this transformer is also connected as an economy transformer.
  • the secondary winding 13 forms the load section of the transformer, that is to say the section over which the load current IL flows via the line 14 to the lamp 6.
  • the secondary winding 13 can be bridged with a bypass line 8 with a first switching element 9.
  • the primary winding 12 is connected on the input side to phase L of the network via a line 15 in which the second switching element 11 is arranged.
  • the output side of the primary winding 12 is connected to the neutral conductor N via a line 16.
  • the switching element 9 is first opened so that the secondary winding 13 acts as a choke, whereupon the switching element 11 is closed.
  • FIG. 3 shows an autotransformer with which the load voltage U2 can be regulated in fine stages.
  • the secondary winding 7 according to FIG. 1 is replaced by a control section 17.
  • the control section 17 is formed from a first part 18 and a second part 19.
  • the turns of the second part 19 connect to the turns of the load section 4.
  • the turns of the first part 18 of the control section 17 consist of several individual sections I to IV.
  • Each individual section I to IV has a first switching element 24 to 27 in its current path. Furthermore, a switching element 28 to 31 is provided between the input side E and the output side A of each individual section I to IV.
  • a line 32 to 35 leads from the input side E of each individual section I to IV to the windings of the relevant individual section I to IV, the first switching element 24 to 27 being arranged in the lines 32 to 35.
  • Another line 36 to 39 leads from the turns of the respective individual section I to IV to the output side A of the same.
  • the input side E of the first individual section I is via a line 40 to the output side of the second Part 19 of the control section 17 is connected, while the output side A of the individual section IV facing away from the second part 19 is connected to the neutral conductor N via a line 41, the switching element 11 being arranged in the line 41.
  • the switching elements 28 to 31 are located between the lines 32 and 36, 33 and 37, 34 and 38 and 35 and 39 of each individual section I to IV.
  • Each individual section I to IV has a different number of turns.
  • the individual section I can have ten, the individual section II twenty, the individual section III forty and the individual section IV eighty turns.
  • the number of turns NM of the control section 17, which are connected to the neutral conductor, can thus be changed in accordance with the voltage U2 to be decreased.
  • the number of turns NM of the control section consists of the unchangeable number of turns NM const.
  • the second part 19 and the changeable number of turns NM v of the individual sections I to IV, which are connected to the neutral conductor N are connected to the neutral conductor N.
  • the switching element 24 of the individual segment I is closed and the switching element 28 between the input E and the output A of the individual segment I opened while the switching elements 25, 26, 27 of the remaining individual sections II to IV opened and the switching elements 29 to 31 between the input E and the output A of the individual sections II to IV are closed.
  • the switching elements 24, 25, 26 of the individual sections I to III are closed and the switching elements 28, 29, 30 between the input E and the output A of the individual sections I open to III, while the switching element 27 of the individual section IV is opened and the switching element 31 between the input E and the output A of the individual section IV is closed.
  • NL is the number of turns of the load section 4
  • Ul is the nominal voltage
  • NF is the unchangeable number of turns of the second part 19 of the control section 17.
  • the voltage U2 to be taken can be changed linearly in approximately 5 V steps at a nominal voltage of 220 V from 120 V to 205 V if two turns in the individual section I , five turns in section II, eleven turns in section III, twenty-four turns in section IV and fifty-four or one hundred and three turns in section V or VI are provided.
  • a linear increase and decrease in U2 is often not necessary, sometimes even undesirable.
  • the entire effective winding, ie the load section 4, the second part 19 of the control section 17 with the invariable number of turns NF and the connected turns NR of the first part 18 of the control section 17 form the primary winding of the economy transformer, while the second part 19 and the connected turns NR of the first part 18 form the secondary winding. It can be seen that the primary and secondary windings can be changed in the economy transformer, depending on which individual sections I to IV are interconnected and connected to the neutral conductor N.
  • the transformer can also be designed in three phases.
  • first switching element 24 to 27 and the second switching element 28 to 31 of the individual sections I to IV are closed simultaneously according to FIG. 3, the relevant individual section I to IV is short-circuited, so that it can be destroyed.
  • Contactors that is, remote-controlled electromagnetic switches, can be used as switching elements 24 to 31, which are inexpensive and can withstand millions of switching operations.
  • the two switching elements 24 and 28, 25 and 29, 26 and 30 and 27 and 31 of each individual section I to IV should therefore switch on the one hand at the same time, if possible, so that the twitching is eliminated, and on the other hand they must not be closed at the same time, because otherwise a short circuit occurs.
  • the short-circuit current takes a certain time, e.g. B. two to ten milliseconds until it builds up fully. Therefore, if switching elements 24 to 31 are used which have a very short switchover time, for example a switchover time which is half or less the set-up time for the short-circuit current, there is a risk that a short-circuit will damage the individual sections I to IV concerned, significantly reduced.
  • a resistor or a choke can be arranged in the current path of the individual sections I to IV at any point, for example in the lines 36 to 39, which for the individual section I in FIG resistor 43 is shown in line 36.
  • the short-circuit current is limited accordingly for a short time by the resistor or the choke.
  • a transformer fire in the event of incorrect switching can be prevented by a fuse (not shown) in series with the choke 43.
  • the primary winding 12 is constructed from individual sections I to IV in the same way as the first part 18 of the control section 17 of the energy-saving transformer according to FIG. 3. Accordingly, the same reference numbers for the switching elements 24 to 31 are also shown in FIG. lines 32 to 39 and resistor 43 are used.
  • the switching element 11 is arranged in the line 16, which connects the output of the individual section IV to the neutral conductor N. Through lines 15 and 16, this transformer is also connected as an economy transformer.
  • control section 17 of the economy transformer has a plurality of branches 53, 54, 55, which are switched by the switching elements 50, 51, 52, preferably contactors, optionally connectable to the neutral line N.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif servant à la régulation ininterrompue d'une tension, comprenant un autotransformateur. Le dispositif présenté comporte un premier élément de contact (11), par lequel le segment de charge (4) du transformateur peut être ponté, et un second élément de contact, par lequel l'enroulement primaire (2) du transformateur peut être mis hors circuit. Lors d'une commutation effectuée dans le but de modifier la tension au niveau du consommateur (6), les deux éléments de contact (9, 11) sont commandés de façon que le segment de charge (4) forme une bobine d'arrêt.
PCT/EP1996/000428 1995-02-02 1996-02-01 Dispositif de regulation de tension WO1996024146A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU47173/96A AU4717396A (en) 1995-02-02 1996-02-01 Device for voltage control
EP96902973A EP0807311B1 (fr) 1995-02-02 1996-02-01 Dispositif de regulation de tension
DE59600910T DE59600910D1 (de) 1995-02-02 1996-02-01 Vorrichtung zur spannungsregelung

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19503379 1995-02-02
DE19503379.5 1995-02-02
DE19541341.5 1995-11-06
DE19541341A DE19541341C2 (de) 1995-02-02 1995-11-06 Transformator
DE19543249.5 1995-11-20
DE19543249A DE19543249A1 (de) 1995-02-02 1995-11-20 Vorrichtung zur Leistungsregelung von Gasentladungslampen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996024146A1 true WO1996024146A1 (fr) 1996-08-08

Family

ID=27214799

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1996/000428 WO1996024146A1 (fr) 1995-02-02 1996-02-01 Dispositif de regulation de tension

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0807311B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE174152T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4717396A (fr)
HU (1) HUP9702427A3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996024146A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000004628A1 (fr) * 1998-07-14 2000-01-27 Werner Hanke Circuit destine a l'abaissement presque sinusoidal d'une tension alternative
EP2107861A1 (fr) * 2008-04-01 2009-10-07 BLOCK Transformatoren-Elektronik GmbH & Co. KG Agencement de commutation destiné à réduire la tension

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HUP1000054A3 (en) 2010-01-26 2012-08-28 Gradix Holdings Ltd Ac voltage converter and switching equipment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58159676A (ja) * 1981-11-30 1983-09-22 Ebara Densan:Kk 電動機の起動方法
JPS60167683A (ja) * 1984-02-08 1985-08-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電源装置
JPH077978A (ja) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-10 Meidensha Corp 電動機のコンドルファ起動方式

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58159676A (ja) * 1981-11-30 1983-09-22 Ebara Densan:Kk 電動機の起動方法
JPS60167683A (ja) * 1984-02-08 1985-08-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電源装置
JPH077978A (ja) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-10 Meidensha Corp 電動機のコンドルファ起動方式

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 280 (E - 216) 14 December 1983 (1983-12-14) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 005 (E - 372) 10 January 1986 (1986-01-10) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 95, no. 001 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000004628A1 (fr) * 1998-07-14 2000-01-27 Werner Hanke Circuit destine a l'abaissement presque sinusoidal d'une tension alternative
EP2107861A1 (fr) * 2008-04-01 2009-10-07 BLOCK Transformatoren-Elektronik GmbH & Co. KG Agencement de commutation destiné à réduire la tension

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0807311B1 (fr) 1998-12-02
ATE174152T1 (de) 1998-12-15
HUP9702427A2 (hu) 1998-03-30
HUP9702427A3 (en) 1999-11-29
EP0807311A1 (fr) 1997-11-19
AU4717396A (en) 1996-08-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1526633A2 (fr) Circuit fournissant un courant alternatif
DE102012107446B4 (de) Lastumschalter, Laststufenschalter und Verfahren zum Umschalten eines Laststufenschalters
EP1794661A1 (fr) Dispositif de reglage de la tension electrique
EP2652868A2 (fr) Changeur de prises en charge
DE102014012266A1 (de) Schaltanordnung mit zwei Laststufenschaltern, elektrische Anlage mit einer derartigen Schaltanordnung sowie deren Verwendung
EP0169488B1 (fr) Circuit transformateur
EP2678874A2 (fr) Changeur de prises en charge electronique
AT411938B (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der elektrischen spannung in elektrischen versorgungsnetzen und/oder verbraucheranlagen
AT501582B1 (de) Verfahren zur regelung der elektrischen spannung in elektrischen versorgungsnetzen sowie einrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens
DE19541341C2 (de) Transformator
EP0807311B1 (fr) Dispositif de regulation de tension
DE19747712C2 (de) Anordnung eines Stufenschalters an einem Stufentransformator
EP0978131B1 (fr) Circuit pour un commutateur de reglage en charge
EP0069284B1 (fr) Dispositif de connexions pour bobinages dans les transformateurs de double étage
WO2020078599A1 (fr) Commutateur de puissance à prises, transformateur à prises pour la régulation de tension et procédé d'exécution d'une commutation dans un transformateur à prises
DE2936534C2 (de) Kontaktanordnung bei einem Stufenwähler für einen Transformator
DE19947285A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der elektrischen Spannung an einem Verbraucher
EP2107861A1 (fr) Agencement de commutation destiné à réduire la tension
EP0746184A2 (fr) Circuit d'alimentation de charges électriques permettant des économies d'énergie
DE258192C (fr)
WO2024017645A1 (fr) Moyen de commande électrique comprenant un changeur de prise
EP2989646B1 (fr) Transformateur de réseau local réglable
EP0794692A2 (fr) Circuit d'alimentation de lampes
DE2847391A1 (de) Kontaktloser netzstabilisator
DE2532968C2 (fr)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 96192536.1

Country of ref document: CN

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU BR CA CN CZ FI HU JP KR MX NO PL SI SK US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1996902973

Country of ref document: EP

Ref document number: 1019970705260

Country of ref document: KR

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1996902973

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1019970705260

Country of ref document: KR

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1996902973

Country of ref document: EP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1019970705260

Country of ref document: KR