WO1996018591A1 - The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor - Google Patents

The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996018591A1
WO1996018591A1 PCT/KR1995/000159 KR9500159W WO9618591A1 WO 1996018591 A1 WO1996018591 A1 WO 1996018591A1 KR 9500159 W KR9500159 W KR 9500159W WO 9618591 A1 WO9618591 A1 WO 9618591A1
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Prior art keywords
fertilizer
resin
release matrix
matrix
weight
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PCT/KR1995/000159
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French (fr)
Inventor
Mee Young Song
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Mee Young Song
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Publication of WO1996018591A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996018591A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the novel matrix- type fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor.
  • the present invention relates to a matrix-type fertilizer the releasing rate of which is remarkably reduced and a process of preparation, wherein the matrix-type fertilizer ingredient is coated with matrix resin by mixing first resin and fertilizer and then extruding them.
  • the chemical fertilizers used at present have many problems. On account of high solubility in water, most of the chemical fertilizers have been released into soil very soon after dressing the fertilizer, and this results in low availability of the fertilizer, high dressing of the fertilizer, the contamination of soil due to the accumulation of salts and the waste of labor due to the frequent dressing of the fertilizer. Therefore, the controlled-release fertilizer which can be consistently released during all the growing period of plants is in a great necessity in order to reduce the loss of the dressed fertilizer and the waste of labor
  • the solubility of the fertilizer is reduced by making the fertilizer insoluble salts or less-degradable substances by soil microorganisms.
  • the releasing rate of the fertilizer is reduced by coating the fertilizer ingredient with materials which can prohibit the fertilizer from contacting the water directly.
  • materials which can prohibit the fertilizer from contacting the water directly.
  • the physical methods wherein the releasing rate of the fertilizer is controlled by coating the fertilizer particle with the coating materials, have some merits i.e., an excellent sustained effect, easy control of releasing rate and more simple manufacturing processes or the like.
  • coating membranes i.e., semipermeable membrane (thermoplastic resin), impermeable membrane(thermosetting resin), and biodegradable membrane.
  • the semipermeable membranes are destructed by internal osmotic pressure caused by diffusion and consequently the fertilizer is released.
  • the impermeable membranes have pores through which water penetrates, and consequently the fertilizer is released.
  • the biodegradable membranes are destructed by physicochemical or microbiological activity, and the fertilizer is released.
  • Synthetic resins contain thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin.
  • Osmocote (US Patent No. 3,233,58) which has been developed by Archer Daniels Midland Company USA, is multilayered with co-polymer of dicyclopentadiene and glycerol ester as a coating material. Although Osmocote has a good quality, there are some defects that costs thereof are high, and it can contaminate the environment due to the difficulty of recovering the used organic solvent.
  • Sulfur-coated fertilizer (US Patent No. 3,295,950) which has been developed by T.V.A Company USA, is not expensive, but it has defects that it is difficult to control the releasing rate thereof and the soil shall be acidified by the accumulated sulfur.
  • a silicate one of metal oxide, has been used as a coating material, but a silicate tends to be soluble in water easily and the coating materials do not last for a long time (Japanese Patent No. Sho 59- 137386) .
  • the coating material which is made by dissolving rosin with organic solvent and then adding the specific substances (Korean Unexamined Publication No. 93-12646) .
  • the coating process is performed at low temperature and the generation of pin-holes on the rosin membrane can be reduced, the property of rosin membrane is improved and the releasing rate of the fertilizer is reduced.
  • the softening temperature of coating material is low, the fertilizer particles tend to be coagulated each other and to be worn down during storage and handling.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide the novel controlled-release matrix-type fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor which is completely different from the process already established.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide the novel coating process, so called matrix coating process, which is completely different from the previous spraying process, and which has solved the various problems of the previous spraying process.
  • the invention relates to the novel matrix coating fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor, wherein coating materials are mixed and melted slowly into gel state, the particles of the fertilizer are added and mixed, the mixed coating materials and the particles of the fertilizer are extruded through the extruder and consequently the particles of the fertilizer are coated with matrix resin.
  • the matrix coating process of the present invention is completely different even in concepts from the previous spraying coating process, wherein the coating material is dissolved in solvent, sprayed at high temperature and coats the particles respectively.
  • the controlled release matrix-type fertilizer which is coated with matrix resin by the matrix coating process has the merits, such as the followings.
  • the releasing rate can be controlled depending on the weight ratio of matrix resin easily.
  • the contamination of environment can be minimized because the coating material can be biodegradable easily in soil. As organic solvents are not used, so the recovery of solvent is not necessitated.
  • the costs for manufacturing are low and the costs are very economical, as the steps for manufacturing are simple and the process is mass-productive.
  • Fig. 1 is a drawing for illustrating the cross section of the controlled release matrix-type fertilizer of the present invention coated by the matrix coating process.
  • Fig. 2 is a drawing for illustrating the cross section of the known fertilizer coated by the spraying coating process.
  • the controlled release matrix-type fertilizer contains 5-80 weight % of resin, 20-95% weight % of the fertilizer, and if necessary, 0-20% of drying agent or 0-20% of surface compatibilizer can be contained. After mixing and melting these components in the extruder, they should be extruded and coated with resin. All the resin can be used in the process of matrix coating, if they can be melted at 50-120°C i.e., synthetic resins and biodegradable resins.
  • thermoplastic and thermosetting resin there are thermoplastic and thermosetting resin.
  • rosins such as gum rosin, wood rosin, toloil-rosin, wax and aliphatic polyesters such as polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, esters of diols/diacid or the like. They are used respectively or in combination.
  • Synthetic resins can be prepared by the method of bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization or the like. In the event of using the biodegradable resin, the insoluble metal compounds and polymers which are used in the previous spraying coating process can be added to improve the property of the coating materials.
  • Such an insoluble metal compounds can contain aluminum, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, zinc fatty acid compound, aluminum oxide, barium oxide, iron acetate or silicofluoride compounds of calcium, or lithium, and they can be used respectively or in combination.
  • High molecular resin can contain paraffin wax, ethylcellulose or the like.
  • the fertilizer which can be used for the matrix- coating process contains urea fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer or the like. These can be used as itself or as grinded pieces of 5-200 ⁇ m particles.
  • the surface compatibilizer fatty acids can be used which can contain oleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid or the like.
  • the drying agent calcium chloride, calcium oxide or the like can be used.
  • any ingredients necessary to the common coating process can be contained for the matrix coating process.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel process for preparing the controlled release matrix-type fertilizer efficiently and economically.
  • the process of the present invention is characterized the matrix-type fertilizer can be produced through a single step, wherein all the necessary ingredients are mixed and melted in a extruder, and then extruded.
  • the method extruding can be achieved by mixing through single screw extruder, twin screw extruder, twin screw extruder and then single screw extruder, mixing by Kneader, Banbury or super-mix and then to pass the single screw extruder or twin screw extruder or the like. All the method to prepare the controlled release fertilizer by mixing and melting in the extruder should be within the scope of the present invention.
  • Biodegradable resin in the amount of 5-80 weight %, the fertilizer in the amount of 20-95 weight%, the drying agent in the amount of 0-20 weight and the surface compatibilizer in the amount of 0-20 weight % is mixed with super-mix or Banbury and then put into the pre-heated single screw or twin screw extruder.
  • the fertilizers are grinded and mixed with the other components evenly while the single screw or the twin screw are running at the speed of 50- 300rpm.
  • the fertilizer can be made to particles without melting, although the resins are melted first, therefore the fertilizers are coated with the melted resins and extruded in the coated state with resins.
  • the matrix-type fertilizers are extruded in the form of pellets whose cross section is shown in Fig.l. Fig.l indicates that the matrix resin contains several particles of the fertilizer. In this state, the fertilizer has shown the same effect as the fertilizer multilayer-coated, and the matrix-type of the present invention has an excellent controlled release effect.
  • the matrix-type fertilizer of the present invention has improved the defect of the spraying coating process that the fertilizer is released suddenly and excessively due to the damage of the coating membrane during transportation or storage, the controlled release property is maintained, even though the coating membrane is damaged.
  • the thickness of the coating membrane can be optimized by controlling the amount of the coating materials, 5- 80 weight%.
  • the shape, the size or the like of the fertilizer pellets can be optimized in order not to affect the plants directly by the excessive fertilizer components.
  • the shape or size of the pellets can be controlled in the range of l-30mm according to the purpose of fertilization.
  • inorganic substances such as talc, kaoline or the like, are sprayed in the amount of 0.1-2 weight% before drying step in order to prevent coagulation between pellets.
  • the controlled release matrix-type fertilizer of the present invention has solved the problems of the contamination of environment, since no specific additives or no organic solvents are used.
  • any coating material i.e., biodegradable coating material, such as rosin, wax, aliphatic polyesters used in the previous spraying coating process can be used.
  • the cost can be decreased and mass production become possible on economical prices, since the process is very simple; the process comprises only mixing step of the raw materials in the super-mixer, Kneader or Banbury and then extruding steps through the extruder, without any pretreatment.
  • the matrix coating process of the present invention can be employed to various kinds of fertilizers, such as urea fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer organic fertilizer, or the like.
  • the fertilizer to which the drying agent is added when the biodegradable resin (rosin, wax, aliphatic polyesters or the mixture) and the fertilizer are mixed and melted diminish the generation of air bubble caused by evaporation during the mixing and fusing step, and consequently the coating membrane becomes so tight that water can not penetrate. This is especially a good property for urea fertilizer since urea fertilizer is very hygroscopic.
  • the surface compatibilizer enhances the attraction between coating material and fertilizer. Due to the good physical properties of the coated fertilizer it is easy to handle during transportation and storage, and easy to control the releasing rate after fertilization.
  • the mechanical strength of the pellets by the process that materials are extruded through the twin screw extruder or reextruded through the single screw extruder after extruding through the twin screw machine increases much more than that of the pellets by the process that materials are extruded only through the single screw extruder.
  • the fertilizer of high mechanical strength is especially useful to the plants which needs a long-term fertilization.
  • This example describes the characteristics of the matrix coating process. 5kg of commercially available granular urea fertilizer, 4kg of pulverized gum rosin and 1kg of wax were put into the single screw extruder which was adjusted at lOOrpm, 60-100°C. The coated fertilizer by passing through the extruder was cut into pieces having regular sizes. The controlled-releasing test was performed using incubator at 30°C and the amount of the releasing fertilizer was measured. The results were shown in Table 1. Table 1
  • 0.5kg of oleic acid was dissolved in small amount of acetone, and was mixed with 7kg of commercially available urea fertilizer in the super-mix.
  • 0.5kg of polycaprolactone and 0.5kg of wax were added thereto.
  • the mixture was put into the Kneader preheated to 120°C, mixed and coated by the same method as Example 1.
  • the releasing test was performed by the same method as described in Example 1, and the results were shown in Table 4.

Abstract

The invention relates to the novel matrix coating fertilizer, and the process of preparation therefor, wherein the biodegradable coating materials, such as rosin, wax, aliphatic polyesters or the like, are mixed and melted slowly into liquid state, the particles of the fertilizer are added and mixed, the mixed coating materials and the particles of the fertilizer are extruded through the extruder and consequently the particles of the fertilizer are coated with matrix resin. The matrix-type fertilizer of the present invention has reduced the releasing rate of the fertilizer and the prices thereof are very economical since the matrix-type fertilizer of the present invention can be produced by a simple process.

Description

SPECIFICATION
The Controlled Release Matrix-type Fertilizer and the Process of Preparation Therefor.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the novel matrix- type fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor. In particular, the present invention relates to a matrix-type fertilizer the releasing rate of which is remarkably reduced and a process of preparation, wherein the matrix-type fertilizer ingredient is coated with matrix resin by mixing first resin and fertilizer and then extruding them.
The chemical fertilizers used at present have many problems. On account of high solubility in water, most of the chemical fertilizers have been released into soil very soon after dressing the fertilizer, and this results in low availability of the fertilizer, high dressing of the fertilizer, the contamination of soil due to the accumulation of salts and the waste of labor due to the frequent dressing of the fertilizer. Therefore, the controlled-release fertilizer which can be consistently released during all the growing period of plants is in a great necessity in order to reduce the loss of the dressed fertilizer and the waste of labor
Background Art
There are two kinds of method for preparation of the controlled-releasing fertilizer, i.e. , the chemical method and the physical method.
In the chemical method, wherein the fertilizer reacts with other substances chemically, the solubility of the fertilizer is reduced by making the fertilizer insoluble salts or less-degradable substances by soil microorganisms.
In the physical method, the releasing rate of the fertilizer is reduced by coating the fertilizer ingredient with materials which can prohibit the fertilizer from contacting the water directly. Although several products produced by the chemical method, such as urea-formaldehyde, IBDU(Isobutylidene Diurea) , CDU.Crotonylidene Diurea, US Patent No. 3,227,543) or the like, are available, they have some defects that the complicated steps are necessitated for manufacturing and the costs therefor are high. Contrary to the chemical methods, the physical methods, wherein the releasing rate of the fertilizer is controlled by coating the fertilizer particle with the coating materials, have some merits i.e., an excellent sustained effect, easy control of releasing rate and more simple manufacturing processes or the like.
There are several kinds of coating membranes, i.e., semipermeable membrane (thermoplastic resin), impermeable membrane(thermosetting resin), and biodegradable membrane.
The semipermeable membranes are destructed by internal osmotic pressure caused by diffusion and consequently the fertilizer is released. The impermeable membranes have pores through which water penetrates, and consequently the fertilizer is released. The biodegradable membranes are destructed by physicochemical or microbiological activity, and the fertilizer is released.
As the coating materials, synthetic resin and biodegradable materials can be used. Synthetic resins contain thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin.
Heretofore, the method of coating the fertilizer with coating materials has been employed in order to make the coated fertilizer, and the representatives available are shown as follows.
Osmocote (US Patent No. 3,233,518) which has been developed by Archer Daniels Midland Company USA, is multilayered with co-polymer of dicyclopentadiene and glycerol ester as a coating material. Although Osmocote has a good quality, there are some defects that costs thereof are high, and it can contaminate the environment due to the difficulty of recovering the used organic solvent.
Sulfur-coated fertilizer(US Patent No. 3,295,950) which has been developed by T.V.A Company USA, is not expensive, but it has defects that it is difficult to control the releasing rate thereof and the soil shall be acidified by the accumulated sulfur.
Besides, a silicate, one of metal oxide, has been used as a coating material, but a silicate tends to be soluble in water easily and the coating materials do not last for a long time (Japanese Patent No. Sho 59- 137386) .
Thereafter the improved method, wherein the releasing rate is much delayed by recoating the silicate-coated fertilizer with high molecular latex, has been developed(Korean Patent No. 88-153) , but it has defects that the costs are high, and that latex is accumulated in soil.
As mentioned above, since the method of coating the fertilizer with synthetic resin caused the soil- contamination, it has been proposed to develop the method of coating the fertilizer with biodegradable materials instead of synthetic resin.
First, wax has been used as the biodegradable coating materials(US Patent No. 3,232,237), but it has defect that too much wax is necessitated in order to delay the releasing rate sufficiently. Then, the improved method, wherein wax mixed and melted with rosin is used as a coating material, has been proposed(Japanese Patent No. Sho 59-35875).
But in the event that rosin is used as a coating material, there is a severe defect that the pin-holes are generated on the surface of the coating membrane. The reason that the pin-holes are generated is that the forming process of the coating membrane, wherein the coating materials are dissolved and sprayed to the surface of the fertilizer particle, has been conducted at high temperature and the rosin is degraded at high temperature.
In order to prevent the severe pin-hole phenomena generated during the coating process using biodegradable materials, it has been proposed to use the coating material, which is made by dissolving rosin with organic solvent and then adding the specific substances (Korean Unexamined Publication No. 93-12646) . According to the above-mentioned method, as the coating process is performed at low temperature and the generation of pin-holes on the rosin membrane can be reduced, the property of rosin membrane is improved and the releasing rate of the fertilizer is reduced. But in this case, since the softening temperature of coating material is low, the fertilizer particles tend to be coagulated each other and to be worn down during storage and handling.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the method, wherein the fertilizer particle coated with rosin/rosin derivatives, added with high molecular substance and then dissolved in organic solvent is recoated with organic high molecular substance in solution or emulsion solution, has been proposed(Korean Unexamined Publication 94-2203) . By this method, the problem generated during handling and storage has been solved, as the mechanical intensity of the coated particles has been increased, but the steps of manufacturing are complicated, and there remains some problems caused by the use of organic solvents. An object of the present invention is to provide the novel controlled-release matrix-type fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor which is completely different from the process already established. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide the novel coating process, so called matrix coating process, which is completely different from the previous spraying process, and which has solved the various problems of the previous spraying process.
Disclosure of the Invention
The invention relates to the novel matrix coating fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor, wherein coating materials are mixed and melted slowly into gel state, the particles of the fertilizer are added and mixed, the mixed coating materials and the particles of the fertilizer are extruded through the extruder and consequently the particles of the fertilizer are coated with matrix resin.
The matrix coating process of the present invention is completely different even in concepts from the previous spraying coating process, wherein the coating material is dissolved in solvent, sprayed at high temperature and coats the particles respectively.
The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer which is coated with matrix resin by the matrix coating process has the merits, such as the followings. The releasing rate can be controlled depending on the weight ratio of matrix resin easily. The contamination of environment can be minimized because the coating material can be biodegradable easily in soil. As organic solvents are not used, so the recovery of solvent is not necessitated. The costs for manufacturing are low and the costs are very economical, as the steps for manufacturing are simple and the process is mass-productive.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Fig. 1 is a drawing for illustrating the cross section of the controlled release matrix-type fertilizer of the present invention coated by the matrix coating process.
Fig. 2 is a drawing for illustrating the cross section of the known fertilizer coated by the spraying coating process.
The present invention will be described in detail in the following.
The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer contains 5-80 weight % of resin, 20-95% weight % of the fertilizer, and if necessary, 0-20% of drying agent or 0-20% of surface compatibilizer can be contained. After mixing and melting these components in the extruder, they should be extruded and coated with resin. All the resin can be used in the process of matrix coating, if they can be melted at 50-120°C i.e., synthetic resins and biodegradable resins.
In the synthetic resins, there are thermoplastic and thermosetting resin. And in the biodegradable resins, there are rosins such as gum rosin, wood rosin, toloil-rosin, wax and aliphatic polyesters such as polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, esters of diols/diacid or the like. They are used respectively or in combination. Synthetic resins can be prepared by the method of bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization or the like. In the event of using the biodegradable resin, the insoluble metal compounds and polymers which are used in the previous spraying coating process can be added to improve the property of the coating materials. Such an insoluble metal compounds can contain aluminum, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, zinc fatty acid compound, aluminum oxide, barium oxide, iron acetate or silicofluoride compounds of calcium, or lithium, and they can be used respectively or in combination. High molecular resin can contain paraffin wax, ethylcellulose or the like.
The fertilizer which can be used for the matrix- coating process contains urea fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer or the like. These can be used as itself or as grinded pieces of 5-200μm particles.
As the surface compatibilizer fatty acids can be used which can contain oleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid or the like. As the drying agent, calcium chloride, calcium oxide or the like can be used. In addition to the above-mentioned surface compatibilizer or the drying agent, any ingredients necessary to the common coating process can be contained for the matrix coating process.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel process for preparing the controlled release matrix-type fertilizer efficiently and economically.
The process of the present invention is characterized the matrix-type fertilizer can be produced through a single step, wherein all the necessary ingredients are mixed and melted in a extruder, and then extruded.
The method extruding can be achieved by mixing through single screw extruder, twin screw extruder, twin screw extruder and then single screw extruder, mixing by Kneader, Banbury or super-mix and then to pass the single screw extruder or twin screw extruder or the like. All the method to prepare the controlled release fertilizer by mixing and melting in the extruder should be within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention which will be described in more detail according to the steps is as follows
Biodegradable resin in the amount of 5-80 weight %, the fertilizer in the amount of 20-95 weight%, the drying agent in the amount of 0-20 weight and the surface compatibilizer in the amount of 0-20 weight % is mixed with super-mix or Banbury and then put into the pre-heated single screw or twin screw extruder.
In the extruder, the fertilizers are grinded and mixed with the other components evenly while the single screw or the twin screw are running at the speed of 50- 300rpm. As the resin has lower melting point than the fertilizer, the fertilizer can be made to particles without melting, although the resins are melted first, therefore the fertilizers are coated with the melted resins and extruded in the coated state with resins. The matrix-type fertilizers are extruded in the form of pellets whose cross section is shown in Fig.l. Fig.l indicates that the matrix resin contains several particles of the fertilizer. In this state, the fertilizer has shown the same effect as the fertilizer multilayer-coated, and the matrix-type of the present invention has an excellent controlled release effect.
In addition, since the matrix-type fertilizer of the present invention has improved the defect of the spraying coating process that the fertilizer is released suddenly and excessively due to the damage of the coating membrane during transportation or storage, the controlled release property is maintained, even though the coating membrane is damaged.
According to the process of the present invention, the thickness of the coating membrane can be optimized by controlling the amount of the coating materials, 5- 80 weight%.
Furthermore, the shape, the size or the like of the fertilizer pellets can be optimized in order not to affect the plants directly by the excessive fertilizer components. The shape or size of the pellets can be controlled in the range of l-30mm according to the purpose of fertilization.
It is preferred that inorganic substances, such as talc, kaoline or the like, are sprayed in the amount of 0.1-2 weight% before drying step in order to prevent coagulation between pellets.
The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer of the present invention has solved the problems of the contamination of environment, since no specific additives or no organic solvents are used.
In addition, the scope of available raw materials can be expanded, since any coating material, i.e., biodegradable coating material, such as rosin, wax, aliphatic polyesters used in the previous spraying coating process can be used.
The cost can be decreased and mass production become possible on economical prices, since the process is very simple; the process comprises only mixing step of the raw materials in the super-mixer, Kneader or Banbury and then extruding steps through the extruder, without any pretreatment.
The matrix coating process of the present invention can be employed to various kinds of fertilizers, such as urea fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer organic fertilizer, or the like.
The fertilizer to which the drying agent is added when the biodegradable resin (rosin, wax, aliphatic polyesters or the mixture) and the fertilizer are mixed and melted diminish the generation of air bubble caused by evaporation during the mixing and fusing step, and consequently the coating membrane becomes so tight that water can not penetrate. This is especially a good property for urea fertilizer since urea fertilizer is very hygroscopic.
In the event that the surface compatibilizer is used, the surface compatibilizer enhances the attraction between coating material and fertilizer. Due to the good physical properties of the coated fertilizer it is easy to handle during transportation and storage, and easy to control the releasing rate after fertilization.
The mechanical strength of the pellets by the process that materials are extruded through the twin screw extruder or reextruded through the single screw extruder after extruding through the twin screw machine, increases much more than that of the pellets by the process that materials are extruded only through the single screw extruder. The more the mechanical strength increases, the more the releasing rate becomes low. The fertilizer of high mechanical strength is especially useful to the plants which needs a long-term fertilization.
Examples
The following examples will further illustrate the present invention, which by no means limit the present invention.
<Example 1>
This example describes the characteristics of the matrix coating process. 5kg of commercially available granular urea fertilizer, 4kg of pulverized gum rosin and 1kg of wax were put into the single screw extruder which was adjusted at lOOrpm, 60-100°C. The coated fertilizer by passing through the extruder was cut into pieces having regular sizes. The controlled-releasing test was performed using incubator at 30°C and the amount of the releasing fertilizer was measured. The results were shown in Table 1. Table 1
1 day lOdays 20days 30days 0days releasing 0.1 5 18 32 53 ratio (%)
<Example 2>
7kg of commercially available granular urea fertilizer and 3kg of pulverized gum rosin were mixed in super-mixer. The mixture was put into the twin screw extruder, wherein the temperature was maintained at 80-120°C and the speed of the screw was adjusted at 200rpm. The releasing test was performed by the same method as described in Example 1, and the results were shown in Table 2.
Table 2
1 day 10days 20days 30days 40days releasing 1.0 10 25 40 65 ratio (%)
<Example 3>
7kg of commercially available granular urea fertilizer, 2.5kg of pulverized gum rosin and 0.5kg of stearic acid were mixed in the super-mix. The mixture was put into the twin screw extruder, wherein the temperature was maintained at 80-120°C and the speed of the screw was adjusted at 200rpm.
The mixture passed through the twin screw extruder and was put again into the single screw extruder, wherein the temperature was maintained at 60-120°C and the speed of the screw was adjusted at 150rpm. The releasing test was performed by the same method as described in Example 1, and the results were shown in Table 3.
Table 3
1 day 10days 20days 30days 4Odays releasing 0.1 15 30 50 ratio (%)
<Example 4>
0.5kg of oleic acid was dissolved in small amount of acetone, and was mixed with 7kg of commercially available urea fertilizer in the super-mix. 0.5kg of polycaprolactone and 0.5kg of wax were added thereto. The mixture was put into the Kneader preheated to 120°C, mixed and coated by the same method as Example 1. The releasing test was performed by the same method as described in Example 1, and the results were shown in Table 4.
Table 4
1 day 10days 2Odays 3Odays 4Odays releasing 0.5 20 35 60 ratio (%)
<Example 5>
8kg of commercially available granular urea fertilizer, 1.7kg of gum rosin and 0.3kg of stearic acid were put into the Banbury preheated to 120°C and mixed for 5 minutes, mixed and coated by the same method as Example 1. The releasing test was performed by the same method as described in Example 1 and the results were shown in Table 5.
Table 5
1 day 1Odays 2Odays 3Odays 4Odays releasing 0.5 7 20 35 60 ratio (%)

Claims

1. The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer characterized by being coated with matrix resin by the process, wherein the composition comprised resin components of 5-80 weight %, fertilizer components of 20-95 weight % is mixed and melted, and then extruded through the extruder.
2. The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer according to Claim 1, wherein the resin components can be melted at the temperature ranging from 50°C to 120°C and thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin or biodegradable resin can be used respectively or in combination.
3. The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer according to Claim 2, wherein the biodegradable resin can be selected among gum rosin, wood rosin, toloil rosin, wax or aliphatic polyesters such as polycaprolactone, polylatic acid, esters of diol/diacid or the like.
4. The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer according to Claim 1, the fertilizer component can be selected among urea fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer and can be used as itself or as pulverized of 5-200μm in diameter.
5. The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer according to Claim 1, wherein the surface compatibilizer component of 0-20 weight % and the drying agent component of 0-20 weight % can be added to the resin component and the fertilizer component.
6. The controlled-release matrix-type fertilizer according to Claim 5, wherein the surface compatibilizer can be selected among the fatty acids such as oleic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid or the like.
7. The controlled-release matrix-type fertilizer according to Claim 5, wherein the drying agent can be selected among calcium chloride, calcium oxide or the like.
8. The process of preparation for the controlled- release matrix-type fertilizer characterized by being coated with matrix resin, wherein the composition comprised the resin component of 5-80 weight %, the fertilizer component of 20-95 weight %, if necessary, the surface compatibilizer of 0-20 weight % and the drying agent of 0-20 weight % are mixed and melted, and then extruded through the extruder.
9. The process according to Claim 8, wherein the extruding method can be selected among the methods; the method of passing through the single screw extruder or the twin screw extruder, repassing through the single screw or the twin screw extruder after passing the twin screw extruder, passing through the single screw or the twin screw extruder after mixing in Kneader, Banbury or super-mix.
PCT/KR1995/000159 1994-12-12 1995-12-08 The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor WO1996018591A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1994/33759 1994-12-12
KR94033759A KR970008989B1 (en) 1994-12-12 1994-12-12 Matrix fertilizer

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WO1996018591A1 true WO1996018591A1 (en) 1996-06-20

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DE10008312A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 Urania Chemicals Gmbh Production of granular fertilizer containing calcium chloride comprises sequential admixture of fertilizer components
WO2002024607A2 (en) * 2000-09-21 2002-03-28 AGRA Dünger GmbH Method for producing methylene urea polymers
US6998134B2 (en) 1998-09-11 2006-02-14 Gerhard Schmidmaier Biologically active implants
WO2006044393A2 (en) 2004-10-12 2006-04-27 Oms Investments, Inc. Shaped plant growth nutrient products and processes for the production thereof
WO2006063848A1 (en) 2004-12-17 2006-06-22 Devgen N.V. Nematicidal compositions
CN100389098C (en) * 2004-03-12 2008-05-21 张树森 Process for producing composite manure by non drying physics method
EP2266936A1 (en) * 2009-06-25 2010-12-29 Hauert HBG Dünger AG Fertiliser form body and method for its manufacture
WO2011117308A1 (en) 2010-03-24 2011-09-29 Basf Se Process for producing aqueous dispersions of thermoplastic polyesters
CN102795946A (en) * 2012-07-27 2012-11-28 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 Formulation and preparation method of humic acid sustained release fertilizer for double-activity and double-effect cotton
WO2013041649A1 (en) 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Basf Se Use of an aqueous dispersion of biodegradable polyesters
US8604101B2 (en) 2010-03-24 2013-12-10 Basf Se Process for producing aqueous dispersions of thermoplastic polyesters
CN103787778A (en) * 2014-02-21 2014-05-14 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Preparation method of water-soluble fertilizer
CN103848683A (en) * 2014-02-26 2014-06-11 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Method for preparing water-soluble fertilizer
WO2015114542A1 (en) * 2014-01-31 2015-08-06 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation Fertilizer capsule comprising one or more cores and method of making same
WO2020096454A1 (en) 2018-11-06 2020-05-14 4Grow Fun B.V. Controlled-release device in agriculture
US10689306B2 (en) 2015-07-20 2020-06-23 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Fertilizer composition and methods of making and using same
US10865159B2 (en) 2015-11-16 2020-12-15 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Methods of manufacture for coated granular fertilizers
US11021409B2 (en) 2017-08-09 2021-06-01 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Extruded fertilizer granules with urease and/or nitrification inhibitors
US11104618B2 (en) 2015-07-20 2021-08-31 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Fertilizer composition and methods of making and using same
US11124463B2 (en) 2015-11-16 2021-09-21 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Coated granular fertilizers, methods of manufacture thereof, and uses thereof
US11306037B2 (en) 2017-04-19 2022-04-19 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer with urease inhibitor and nitrification separated within the same particle
US11345645B2 (en) 2017-04-20 2022-05-31 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer with embedded powder composition
US11358908B2 (en) 2017-04-19 2022-06-14 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer with urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor in separate particles
US11401218B2 (en) 2014-05-05 2022-08-02 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Coated granular fertilizers, methods of manufacture thereof, and uses
US11806689B2 (en) 2016-02-08 2023-11-07 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Method of making a fertilizer seed core
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WO1993019023A1 (en) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-30 Henkel Kgaa Agent for promoting and maintaining plant growth and process for preparing the same

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FR2301497A1 (en) * 1975-02-24 1976-09-17 Sumitomo Chemical Co COMPOSITION OF FERTILIZERS
EP0094513A2 (en) * 1982-05-14 1983-11-23 Akzo GmbH Sustained-release body containing an active ingredient
WO1993019023A1 (en) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-30 Henkel Kgaa Agent for promoting and maintaining plant growth and process for preparing the same

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US6998134B2 (en) 1998-09-11 2006-02-14 Gerhard Schmidmaier Biologically active implants
US10646622B2 (en) 1998-09-11 2020-05-12 Gerhard Schmidmaier Biologically active implants
DE10008312A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 Urania Chemicals Gmbh Production of granular fertilizer containing calcium chloride comprises sequential admixture of fertilizer components
DE10008312B4 (en) * 2000-02-23 2013-03-28 Spiess-Urania Chemicals Gmbh Process for the preparation of granular calcium chloride fertilizers
WO2002024607A2 (en) * 2000-09-21 2002-03-28 AGRA Dünger GmbH Method for producing methylene urea polymers
EP1195365A1 (en) * 2000-09-21 2002-04-10 Agra Dünger GmbH Process for preparing methylene-urea polymers
WO2002024607A3 (en) * 2000-09-21 2002-07-18 Agra Duenger Gmbh Method for producing methylene urea polymers
CN100389098C (en) * 2004-03-12 2008-05-21 张树森 Process for producing composite manure by non drying physics method
EP1809103A4 (en) * 2004-10-12 2011-09-28 Oms Investments Inc Shaped plant growth nutrient products and processes for the production thereof
WO2006044393A2 (en) 2004-10-12 2006-04-27 Oms Investments, Inc. Shaped plant growth nutrient products and processes for the production thereof
US8399020B2 (en) 2004-10-12 2013-03-19 Everris International B.V. Shaped plant growth nutrient products and processes for the production thereof
EP1809103A2 (en) * 2004-10-12 2007-07-25 OMS Investments, Inc. Shaped plant growth nutrient products and processes for the production thereof
WO2006063848A1 (en) 2004-12-17 2006-06-22 Devgen N.V. Nematicidal compositions
EP1941798A2 (en) 2004-12-17 2008-07-09 Devgen NV Nematicidal compositions
EP2460408A1 (en) 2004-12-17 2012-06-06 deVGen N.V. Nematicidal compositions
EP1941799A2 (en) 2004-12-17 2008-07-09 Devgen NV Nematicidal compositions
EP2266936A1 (en) * 2009-06-25 2010-12-29 Hauert HBG Dünger AG Fertiliser form body and method for its manufacture
WO2011117308A1 (en) 2010-03-24 2011-09-29 Basf Se Process for producing aqueous dispersions of thermoplastic polyesters
US8604101B2 (en) 2010-03-24 2013-12-10 Basf Se Process for producing aqueous dispersions of thermoplastic polyesters
WO2013041649A1 (en) 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Basf Se Use of an aqueous dispersion of biodegradable polyesters
CN102795946A (en) * 2012-07-27 2012-11-28 山东农大肥业科技有限公司 Formulation and preparation method of humic acid sustained release fertilizer for double-activity and double-effect cotton
US10640430B2 (en) 2014-01-31 2020-05-05 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation Fertilizer capsule comprising one or more cores and method of making same
WO2015114542A1 (en) * 2014-01-31 2015-08-06 Saudi Basic Industries Corporation Fertilizer capsule comprising one or more cores and method of making same
AU2015212412B2 (en) * 2014-01-31 2019-07-11 SABIC Agri-Nutrients Company Fertilizer capsule comprising one or more cores and method of making same
CN103787778A (en) * 2014-02-21 2014-05-14 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Preparation method of water-soluble fertilizer
CN103848683A (en) * 2014-02-26 2014-06-11 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Method for preparing water-soluble fertilizer
US11401218B2 (en) 2014-05-05 2022-08-02 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Coated granular fertilizers, methods of manufacture thereof, and uses
US10689306B2 (en) 2015-07-20 2020-06-23 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Fertilizer composition and methods of making and using same
US11104618B2 (en) 2015-07-20 2021-08-31 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Fertilizer composition and methods of making and using same
US11124463B2 (en) 2015-11-16 2021-09-21 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Coated granular fertilizers, methods of manufacture thereof, and uses thereof
US10865159B2 (en) 2015-11-16 2020-12-15 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Methods of manufacture for coated granular fertilizers
US11806689B2 (en) 2016-02-08 2023-11-07 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Method of making a fertilizer seed core
US11306037B2 (en) 2017-04-19 2022-04-19 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer with urease inhibitor and nitrification separated within the same particle
US11358908B2 (en) 2017-04-19 2022-06-14 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer with urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor in separate particles
US11802097B2 (en) 2017-04-19 2023-10-31 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer with urease inhibitor and nitrification separated within the same particle
US11345645B2 (en) 2017-04-20 2022-05-31 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer with embedded powder composition
US11021409B2 (en) 2017-08-09 2021-06-01 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Extruded fertilizer granules with urease and/or nitrification inhibitors
NL2021946B1 (en) * 2018-11-06 2020-05-15 4Grow Fun B V Controlled-release device in agriculture
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WO2024041900A1 (en) * 2022-08-25 2024-02-29 Hauert Hbg Dünger Ag Process and plant for production of fertilizer granules

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CN1145059A (en) 1997-03-12
KR960022408A (en) 1996-07-18
KR970008989B1 (en) 1997-06-03

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