CN1086684C - Process for preparing slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer - Google Patents
Process for preparing slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1086684C CN1086684C CN98120668A CN98120668A CN1086684C CN 1086684 C CN1086684 C CN 1086684C CN 98120668 A CN98120668 A CN 98120668A CN 98120668 A CN98120668 A CN 98120668A CN 1086684 C CN1086684 C CN 1086684C
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- fertilizer
- nitrogen fertilizer
- nitrogenous fertilizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing a slow-release chemical nitrogenous fertilizer with a coupling agent. In the method, titanate or aluminic acid is used as the coupling agent and an inorganic substance (calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, sodium silicate, clay, etc.) is used as a coating agent, and after the nitrogenous fertilizer, the composite coupling agent and the coating agent are mixed at 90 to 100 DEG C for 10 to 20 minutes according to certain proportion, the coating of the nitrogenous fertilizer, which enables the nitrogenous fertilizer to have the property of water resistance, can be completed. The method has the advantages of easy control of process, short production period and material cost and product price basically equal to that of the common nitrogenous fertilizer. With the advantages that slow-release urea has the nitrogen content not less than 40% and the content of slow-release ammonia chloride is not less than 20%; compared with the same grade fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer can increase the field yield by 20% when used for large field fertilization, and can be saved by 20% when used for gardening fertilization, the nitrogenous fertilizer is suitable for mass production and application.
Description
The present invention relates to chemical nitrogen fertilizer, be specially the preparation method of slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer.
Chemical nitrogen fertilizer such as urea, ammonium chloride is very easily water-soluble nitrogen manure, because irrigate, rainfall to the leaching of chemical fertilizer in the farmland, make underground water, lake be the pollution tendencies of eutrophication, only discuss with the Beijing area, execute 20kg urea for every mu, with loss 4-6kg, because of the water leaching, the waste rate reaches 20-30% separately.Therefore improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer (especially nitrogenous fertilizer), become the domestic and international parties concerned in recent years and paid close attention to and major issue anxious to be solved; In the prior art, ammonium chloride, urea etc. are passed through some physical and chemical reaction, it is become is slow dissolved chemical nitrogen fertilizer kind: be the big grain urea (4) of 10mm, be main " happiness of finding pleasure in is executed " (5) that clad agent etc. with the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate as urine aldehyde condensation chemical fertilizer (1) (2), sulfur-coated urea (3), particle diameter, the effect of its utilization ratio that all is significantly improved.But wherein mostly number average and makes 1-3 that the cost of product is much higher than common ammonium chloride, urea doubly because of manufacture craft is complicated, equipment requirements is strict or cladding agent price height, or because of the pollution of Chemical Manufacture to environment, is difficult to be generalized to large-scale production.As the particle diameter with coating method production is the big grain of 10mm urea, need purity greater than 98% urea, in high temperature (140 ℃) melting, high-temperature spray in rotary drum, coating is grown up crystal repeatedly, the very meticulous strictness of technological operation, because the cost height, only popularization is used for high added value crops such as flowers, gardening, lawn, golf course; Be used for the sulphur of sulfur-coated urea, price is higher, bag sulphur processing condition harshness; Become " happy happiness execute " of commodity at home, its cost is suitable with common composite fertilizer, mainly be applicable to not too to be suitable for northern calcareous soil by acid soil, and nitrogen content is on the low side relatively, and only about 10%, still not ideal enough.
The production process route complexity, the surface coating material price that exist in the present slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer are too high in order to overcome, contaminate environment etc. is difficult to form the defective of large-scale production; the object of the invention provides a kind of short-cut method of producing slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer; select the lower coating agent of price for use; nitrogen content is near oronain, urea; easy handling control; and free from environmental pollution, be suitable for the Technology of large-scale production, thereby reach the utilization ratio that can improve chemical nitrogen fertilizer on a large scale.
Between various inorganic ammonium salts such as chemical nitrogen fertilizer such as urea, ammonium chloride and the film forming inorganic materials, no avidity is difficult to form the topped film of one deck on the fertilizer surface, to slow down the water-soluble speed of fertilizer.The present invention has adopted coupling method, utilizes coupling agent that it is combined closely between chemical nitrogen fertilizer surface and coating agent, makes coating agent form water-repellent film on the chemical nitrogen fertilizer surface easily, to reach chemical nitrogen fertilizer surface active and water resisting effect.The present invention has selected the material of the significant coupling agent of coupling effect for use---titanic acid ester, aluminic acid ester, with sclerosis Tallow, beef and low molecular weight polyethylene as lubricant, be processed into composite coupler by certain proportioning, the sclerosis Tallow, beef is meant butter or sheep oil, and low molecular weight polyethylene is that the polyethylene of 7000-13000 is better with the molecular weight; Selected that price is low to have film-forming properties and water resisting inorganics is made coating agent for use, they are lime carbonate, calcium sulfate, kaolin, polynite or water glass etc.The concrete processing step for preparing the method for slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention is:
(1) coupling agent is mixed with Tallow, beef and the low molecular weight polyethylene weight proportion by 1: 2: 1 that hardens, under 95 ℃-100 ℃ temperature condition, the heating melting, with 100-150rpm, stirred 4-6 minute, after the cooling, solids is cut into pieces, promptly be processed into composite coupler.
(2) by the chemical nitrogen fertilizer composite coupler: coating agent is 100: the weight proportion of 2-5: 8-12, at first nitrogenous fertilizer is mixed with composite coupler, at 90 ℃-100 ℃, under the agitation condition with 100-150rpm, after 4-3 minute dispersed with stirring is even, it is formed and the affine activation film of coating agent on the chemical nitrogen fertilizer surface, add coating agent then, continue to stir 5-8 minute.The cooling back has formed water-repellent film on the activation film on chemical fertilizer surface, through sieving, obtain by screening the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer product that particle diameter is 2-5mm.
The used chemical nitrogen fertilizer of preparation slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention is meant urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate etc.
Preparation slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer of the present invention, owing to adopted the link coupled method, it is simply easy to make in the condition of the anti-water layer of chemical fertilizer surface parcel, need not complicated meticulous operation, only need composite coupler with certain proportioning, coating agent is in the reactor of normal tape whipping appts, can finish in 10-20 minute below 100 ℃, do not produce waste gas, waste water, refuse, free from environmental pollution, composite coupler raw material of selecting for use and coating agent material, moderate and cheap, and these unazotized raw materials only account for about 10% of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, and nitrogen nutrient can reach: ammonium chloride 〉=20%, urea 〉=40%, its product price and urea are suitable, and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer product of producing with present method can make agricultural-food volume increase 20-40% than do the field fertilising with the common nitrogenous fertilizer of nitrogen amount; Be used for vegetables, flowers manurial experiment, compare, can save chemical fertilizer 20% with urea; Because production technique simply, does not need specific installation; and the cycle is short, low its product price of cost is suitable with urea; the chemical fertilizer utilization ratio height; joint fertilizer efficiency fruit significantly; therefore; the inventive method is applicable to large-scale production, can promote the fertilising that is used for land for growing field crops and vegetable gardening and high added value crop on a large scale.
Example 1
Aluminic acid ester DL-411 type novel aluminum coupling agent 12kg
(Fujian Normal University polymer demonstration plant product)
Butter (slightly refine butter, the people is purchased in the market of farm produce) 24kg
Polyethylene powder (Chengdu, molecular weight 7000-10000 Sichuan happy and auspicious polyethylene wax factory product) 12kg
In the reactor that 100 liter bands stir, mixing speed 120rpm at 95 ℃-100 ℃, puts into said mixture, is fused into homogeneous phase after 5 minutes, be released in the porcelain basin, and cooling, it is standby to be cut into the composite coupler fragment with cutting machine;
The reactor that 200 liter bands are stirred is heated to 90 ℃-100 ℃, gets above-mentioned composite coupler fragment 3kg, with agricultural urea fertilizer 100kg, fully stirs (120rpm) and mixes about 5 minutes, makes urea surface form one deck activation film; The lime carbonate (100 order technical grade) that adds 10kg then continues to stir, and it is evenly sneaked in the urea, and 5 minutes postcooling then form the slow-release carbamide product, sieve, and getting granularity is the product 106kg of 2-5mm.Remaining powder can utilize when preparing burden next time again.
Embodiment 2
Method steps only uses ammonium chloride (powdery, agricultural) to replace urea with example 1, but at first needs powdery ammonium chloride heated and stirred, add composite coupler then, continue to stir, after 5 minutes, add lime carbonate, stir, be processed into hydrophobic slowly-releasing ammonium chloride.
Embodiment 3
Method steps is with example 1, and only replacing the aluminic acid ester to produce granularity with titanic acid ester is 2-5mm slow-release carbamide 100kg.Titanic acid ester (HY840 that Zhejiang Province Huangyan fluorescence factory produces), this product liberating nitrogen speed is more slow, is applicable to city trees and shrubs, lawn etc.
Embodiment 4
Method steps only adopts NE-11 polyethylene wax (chemical plant, Kingsoft, Shanghai product) to replace the 7000-10000 low molecular weight polyethylene with example 1, and it is 3-5mm that calcium sulfate replaces lime carbonate to produce granularity, slow-release carbamide 103kg.The product liberating nitrogen is the slowest, is applicable to genseng etc.
Embodiment 5
Under simulated soil fertilising and irrigation condition of raining, respectively to the slowly-releasing ammonium chloride of the slow-release carbamide of common urea, ammonium chloride and example 1, example 2 simultaneous test that runs off, under the each high 30mm precipitation of the water surface (irrigation) condition, only 3 shower, common nitrogenous fertilizer, whole wash-out come out, with maximum for the first time, reach 50% again.And slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, leaching about 10% is only just finished by leaching through 10 leachings at every turn.Can reach substantially on a season crop, only use, needn't impose nitrogenous fertilizer, can reach the high yield effect with base manure.
Embodiment 6
Fertilizer aftereffect test: cut out with example with basin, once using sufficient when making base manure every box 10g urea and 10g slow-release carbamide contrast test.First batch of romaine lettuce, every basin output is 250-300g, and two kinds of fertilizer do not have volume variance.Under the condition of all not applying fertilizer fully, second batch of plantation spinach, the basin of common urea, output only is 120g, slow-release carbamide then is 200g.Same the 3rd batch of plantation rape, urea is 25g, and the slow-release carbamide 150g that weighs.As seen aftereffect is extremely obvious.
Embodiment 7
The wheat plot experiment is compared with urea and slow-release carbamide 30kg respectively with every mu, fully no longer imposes fertilizer.The output of urea user is 350kg/ mu, and the slow-release carbamide person then is 420kg.Volume increase reaches 20%.
Referring to data
(1) her refined clear urea highly processed goods and market analysis chemical fertilizer industry 1993 VOL.20 N01 51-55
(2)Oerti?jj.Controlled?release?fertilizer?Fert.Res.1980.1.103-236
(3) the progress plant nutrition and fertilizer journal 1998.4 (2) 97-106 of controlled availability fertilizers such as He Xusheng
(4) the prosperous U.S. of Zou Ming coating method carbamide granulation exploitation chemical fertilizer industry 1996.
(5) fertile industrial 1995 VOL, the 22 N06 329-336 of Zhang Baolin new sustained release composite fertilizer inhibition and generation
Claims (2)
1, a kind of preparation method of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, it is characterized in that with coupling method make coating agent form water-repellent film on the chemical nitrogen fertilizer surface, the coupling agent of described coupling method is titanic acid ester or aluminic acid ester, described coating agent is to have film-forming properties and water resisting inorganics, and its concrete making step is:
(1) is that the polyethylene of 7000-13000 mixes by 1: 2: 1 weight ratio with coupling agent and sclerosis Tallow, beef and molecular weight,, stirred 4-6 minute, after the cooling, shred, be processed into composite coupler 95 ℃ of-100 ℃ of meltings;
(2) by chemical nitrogen fertilizer: composite coupler: coating agent is 100: 2-5: the 8-12 weight proportion at first mixes nitrogenous fertilizer with composite coupler, and at 90 ℃-100 ℃, 100-150rpm stirred 4-6 minute, added coating agent, continuous stirring 5-8 minute, and cooling is sieved;
Described inorganics is meant in lime carbonate, calcium sulfate, kaolin, polynite or the water glass any, and described sclerosis Tallow, beef is butter or sheep oil.
2, the preparation method of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described chemical nitrogen fertilizer is any in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, the ammonium nitrate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98120668A CN1086684C (en) | 1998-11-06 | 1998-11-06 | Process for preparing slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98120668A CN1086684C (en) | 1998-11-06 | 1998-11-06 | Process for preparing slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1253127A CN1253127A (en) | 2000-05-17 |
| CN1086684C true CN1086684C (en) | 2002-06-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98120668A Expired - Fee Related CN1086684C (en) | 1998-11-06 | 1998-11-06 | Process for preparing slowly released chemical nitrogen fertilizer |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8361185B2 (en) * | 2010-06-05 | 2013-01-29 | Sri Lanka Istitute of Nanatechnology (PVT) Ltd. | Compositions for sustained release of agricultural macronutrients and process thereof |
| CN107188769A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-22 | 明光市裕阳农业有限公司 | A kind of slow release chemical fertilizer and preparation method based on desulfurated plaster |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1085201A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-04-13 | 梁宝珩 | Controlled-release laminate granular compound fertilizer and production method |
| CN1145059A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1997-03-12 | 宋美莹 | The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor |
-
1998
- 1998-11-06 CN CN98120668A patent/CN1086684C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1085201A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-04-13 | 梁宝珩 | Controlled-release laminate granular compound fertilizer and production method |
| CN1145059A (en) * | 1994-12-12 | 1997-03-12 | 宋美莹 | The controlled release matrix-type fertilizer and the process of preparation therefor |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1253127A (en) | 2000-05-17 |
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