WO1995021283A1 - Procede de blanchiment de textiles - Google Patents

Procede de blanchiment de textiles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995021283A1
WO1995021283A1 PCT/GB1995/000249 GB9500249W WO9521283A1 WO 1995021283 A1 WO1995021283 A1 WO 1995021283A1 GB 9500249 W GB9500249 W GB 9500249W WO 9521283 A1 WO9521283 A1 WO 9521283A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bleaching
activator
peroxygen source
yarn
process according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1995/000249
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vincent Brian Croud
Stephen James Tompsett
Original Assignee
Warwick International Group Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/GB1994/000228 external-priority patent/WO1994018297A1/fr
Priority claimed from GB9415907A external-priority patent/GB9415907D0/en
Application filed by Warwick International Group Limited filed Critical Warwick International Group Limited
Priority to AU15845/95A priority Critical patent/AU1584595A/en
Publication of WO1995021283A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995021283A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • D06L1/14—De-sizing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • D06L4/12—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for bleaching textiles in which an activator is used during a peroxide bleaching step carried out at a pH which is acidic or slightly alkaline.
  • the process is usually part of a multi-step process.
  • the present invention is particularly directed to the treatment of cellulose-based fibres, in particular natural fibres such as cotton, flax and silk, particularly cotton.
  • One stage in textile manufacture may be spinning of fibres to form a yarn.
  • yarn may be directly bleached and dyed or it may undergo further processing, for example be formed into rope, twine or woven or knitted to form fabric, prior to further treatment steps such as bleaching and dyeing.
  • size is often added to the yarn in order to improve handleability. For weaving warp yarns especially require protection and size is added to protect the yarn and to lubricate it to enable more efficient weaving. In finished fabric, size may therefore be incorporated as an impurity.
  • Fibres may also contain starch, wax, leaf or seed husk fragments which have become entrapped in the cotton yarn and other natural impurities.
  • the process treatments which may then be required include desizing to break down any size present; scouring in order to complete removal of any natural or added fats and waxes, also seeds and husks, by oxidation and alkali to obtain fabric in a uniformly absorbent state which is especially necessary for subsequent dyeing and subsequently bleaching.
  • desizing processes may use starch-digesting (amylase) enzymes in order to break down the starch size.
  • the size may be for example polyvinyl alcohol or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) -based, in desizing an oxidising agent is contacted with the fibre. Scouring is conventionally carried out by treatment using a hot alkaline solution in the presence of soap or detergent to saponify fat and wax which can then be removed by washing. Both batch and continuous processes are known and the conditions and concentrations of chemicals used are adapted to the processing technique.
  • a fabric may require bleaching in order to obtain a high degree of whiteness for goods that are to remain white or are to be dyed to pastel shades and to improve the appearance of the fabric by the discolouration of any husks or seed coat remaining in the fibre.
  • Bleaching agents which are commonly used include sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide and sodium chlorite.
  • Sodium hypochlorite is used in an aqueous alkaline liquid. Bleaching is carried out at ambient temperatures and must be combined with an effective pre-scouring step.
  • hypochlorite is unpleasant to handle and impurities left in the fabric, particularly proteins can form unstable compounds with the hypochlorite which can result in gradual yellowing of the finished fabric.
  • Sodium chlorite bleaching is carried out under acidic conditions and whilst it does provide effective bleaching, it is unpleasant and strongly corrosive.
  • Hydrogen peroxide has more recently become the most widely used bleaching agent as it overcomes the problems of waste disposal and environmental hazards which accompany the hypochlorite and chlorite processes.
  • Hydrogen peroxide textile bleaching processes are generally carried out at relatively high temperature and in the presence of alkali.
  • EP-A-0584710 a process for bleaching textile grey goods (i.e. yarn formed into fabric) is described in which the textile material is treated in an aqueous liquor containing a bleach activator such as TAED and hydrogen peroxide.
  • a bleach activator such as TAED and hydrogen peroxide.
  • the processes are carried out under alkaline conditions, but the description mentions that the pH range of the bleaching liquor is 5 to 13.
  • acidic bleaching stage is particularly advantageous because no intermediate neutralisation stage is required. Acidic bleaching is therefore desirable because not only does it cut down on the process steps required, but in addition waste products from the process are reduced.
  • performic acid is used as the oxidising agent to effect bleaching.
  • the performic acid is preferably formed in situ from hydrogen peroxide and a formic acid ester or amide.
  • peracetic acid is used under acidic conditions to bleach cotton and other cellulosic materials.
  • the process uses microwaves to enhance bleaching effect and the peracetic acid solution is added directly to the bleaching bath.
  • Peracetic acid however, is explosive and difficult to handle and safer alternatives are required.
  • Caro's acids are described in WO90/14336 in which carboxylic acids are reacted with hydrogen peroxide dissolved in highly concentrated sulphuric acid. It is suggested in this specification that the acids can be used in textile bleaching. However, there is no disclosure of the specific conditions which should be used.
  • acetic acid or acetic anhydride are used with oxygenated water under acidic conditions for textile bleaching.
  • GB 901687 describes a combined scouring and bleaching process for textiles carried out under acidic conditions in which hydrogen peroxide and acetic anhydride are reacted in the presence of an nitrogenous base to produce peracetic acid to effect the scouring and bleaching.
  • An alkaline pre-treatment is suggested.
  • the bleaching temperatures are from 60°C to 90°C.
  • US-A-3374177 describes the use of performic acid, formed in situ and used under acid to neutral conditions.
  • the use of peracetic acid for fabric bleaching under acidic conditions is also described in GB-A-111736, US-A-3227655 and IN 123143. In the Textile Research Journal, May 1988, James W
  • yarn refers to yarn in its state as produced or having undergone additional process steps. Between the first and second, and second and third steps, respectively, other additional,optional textile processing steps may be included. Additional process steps are especially likely to be included between the first and second steps. Examples of the additional steps include weaving, desizing, scouring, washing, rinsing and sequestering steps. Particularly preferred activators are bleach activators having the compound formula I 2
  • R is an aliphatic group, most preferably being a C,_ 18 -alkyl or -alkenyl, or is an aryl group.
  • the activators have at least two carbon atoms in the acyl group.
  • the bleach activator is an ester of a C 2 or higher carboxylic acid and the peroxygen source is present at a concentration of less than 10 M in the aqueous solution.
  • Preferred bleach activators within this category are activator compounds having formula II
  • R 1 is as defi.ned above and R4 i.s selected from C,_ 24 alkyl, aralkyl, alkaryl and aryl groups, any of which are
  • bleach activators within this category are those in which R is selected from methyl and C 4 _ 24 alkyl.
  • the bleach activator may be any acyl donor and the peroxygen source is present in the aqueous solution in the second step at a concentration of less than 20 M.
  • the peroxygen source is reacted with an activator compound in the second step in aqueous solution at a pH below 7, or even below pH 6.
  • the pK a of the carboxylic acid corresponding to the acyl group of the activator may be for example up to pH 9 but is generally less than 8.5 or even 8.
  • the activator may be an N-acyl or an O-acyl derivative.
  • the activator is a compound of the formula III
  • the leaving group L is preferably a compound the conjugate acid of which has a pKa in the range 4 to 13, preferably 7 to 11, most preferably 8 to 11.
  • R is an aliphatic group preferably a C,. ⁇ alkyl group, or an aryl group.
  • alkyl includes alkenyl and alkyl groups may be straight, branched or cyclic.
  • L and R may be joined to form a cyclic compound, usually a lactone or a lactam.
  • cyclic groups may include heteroatoms, for instance oxygen or optionally substituted nitrogen atoms, carboxyl groups as well as -CH 2 - groups or substituted derivatives thereof. They may be saturated or unsaturated.
  • the compound of the formula I can be any N-acyl or O-acyl acyl-donor compound, which has been described as a bleach activator for use in laundry detergents.
  • the compound of the formula I may be an anhydride, but is preferably an ester or, even more preferably, an amide derivative.
  • Amide derivatives include acyl imidazolides and N,N-di acylamides, such as TAED.
  • N-acyl derivatives are: a) l,5-diacetyl-2, 4-dioxohexahydro-l,3,5-triazine (DADHT) ; b) N-alkyl-N-suphonyl carbonamides, for example the compounds N-methyl-N-mesyl acetamide, N-methyl-N-mesyl benzamide, N-methyl-N-mesyl-p-nitrobenzamide, andN-methyl- N-mesyl-p-methoxybenzamide; c) N-acylated cyclic hydrazides, acylated triazoles or urazoles, for example monoacetyl aleic acid hydrazide; d) ⁇ ,N,N-trisubstituted hydroxyla ines, such as 0- benzoyl-N,N-s
  • the compound may be an ester, for instance n) sugar esters, such as pentaacetylglucose, o) esters of imidic acids such as ethyl benzimidate, p) triacylcyanurates, such as triacetylcyanurate and tribenzoylcyanurate, q) esters giving relatively surface active oxidising products for instance of C 8 .
  • L comprises an aryl group having a sulphonic acid group (optionally salified) substituted in the ring to confer water solubility on a benzyl group, especially nonanoyloxy- benzenesulphonate sodium salt (NOBS) , isononanoyloxy- benzenesulphonate sodium salt (ISONOBS) and benzoyloxy- benzenesulphonate sodium salt (BOBS) r) phenyl esters of C 14 .
  • NOBS nonanoyloxy- benzenesulphonate sodium salt
  • ISONOBS isononanoyloxy- benzenesulphonate sodium salt
  • BOBS benzoyloxy- benzenesulphonate sodium salt
  • the activator is an anhydride it is preferably a solid material, and is preferably an intra-molecular anhydride, or a polyacid polyanhydride.
  • Such anhydride compounds are more storage stable than liquid anhydrides, such as acetic anhydride.
  • Anhydride derivatives which may be used as activator include v) intramolecular anhydrides of dibasic carboxylic acids, for instance succinic, maleic, adipic, phthalic or 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride, w) intermolecular anhydrides, including mixed anhydrides, of mono- poly-basic carboxylic acids, such as diacetic anhydride of isophthalic or perphthalic acid x) isatoic anhydride or related compounds such as described in WO-A-8907640 having the generic formula II
  • Q is a divalent organic group such that Q and N together with the carbonyl groups and oxygen atom of the anhydride group form one or more cyclic structures and R 2 is H, alkyl, aryl, halogen or a carbonyl group of a carboxyl containing function; or benzoxazin-4-ones as described in WO-A-8907639, that is compounds of the formula III
  • Q' is selected from the same groups as Q and R is H, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, alkoxyl, haloalkyl, amino, aminoalkyl, carboxylic group or a carbonyl- containing function; preferably 2-methyl-(4H) 3,1- benzoxazin-4-one (2MB4) or 2-phenyl-(4H) 3,l-benzoxazin-4- on (2PB4) ; y) polymeric anhydrides such as poly(adipic) anhydride or other compounds described in our co-pending application WO-A-9306203.
  • the peroxygen source may be hydrogen peroxide itself, or an inorganic persalt, for instance a percarbonate or, a perborate, for instance sodium perborate, or an organic peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide or urea peroxide.
  • a particularly preferred peroxygen source is hydrogen peroxide.
  • the amount of water present is preferably at least as much (in terms of moles) as the peroxygen source.
  • the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is preferably less than 70% weight/volume (that is weight of hydrogen peroxide based on volume of water plus hydrogen peroxide plus other components in the mixture) .
  • the concentration is less than 60% weight by volume and more preferably less than 30% w/v.
  • the concentration is less than 15% or even 10% w/v or less than 5% w/v.
  • the concentration is usually at least 0.2%, preferably at least 1% w/v, more preferably at least 2% w/v.
  • the concentration is preferably such as to give the equivalent available oxygen as the quoted concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.
  • the concentration of peroxygen source in the aqueous liquid is for instance less than 20M or even less than 10M, preferably less than 5M or sometimes even less than 3M down to 0.01M.
  • the concentration is at least 0.05M, more preferably 0.1M, even more preferably at least 0.2M.
  • the pH in the third, bleaching step is usually less than 7.0, preferably less than 6.0 or even less than pH 5.
  • the pH is usually more than 2.0, preferably more than 3.0.
  • the second step it is possible for the second step to be carried out with a time delay before the third step commences.
  • the peroxygen source and the bleach activator may be allowed to react in aqueous conditions for at least five minutes, up to one or two days, suitably in the range ten minutes to one day before the aqueous reaction product of the second step is contacted with textiles to be used as a bleaching composition.
  • the peroxygen source and bleach activator may be mixed together and added to water simultaneously, or alternatively they may be added to water one after the other or in various combinations.
  • the fibres which are formed into a yarn in the first step of the process (preferably by spinning) of the present invention may be any natural or synthetic fibre.
  • the invention relates to cellulose-based fibres such as cotton, flax, hemp, jute, rayon and acetate.
  • the invention is particularly directed to processes in which the fibres are natural cellulose-based fibres such as cotton.
  • the yarn may be contacted with the product solution in the form of a yarn or, alternatively, having undergone further processing for example, in the form of rope, twine, non-woven or preferably woven or knitted fabrics.
  • contact of the yarn with the product solution may be by any means. Contact will be using any of the batch, semi-continuous or fully continuous methods known in the industry.
  • the product solution may be held in a kier which is usually fully enclosed and pressurised.
  • the batch-wise processes using a kier generally the bleaching liquor will be sprayed on to the top of the textile and allowed to percolate to the bottom of the kier where it is pumped out and recirculated.
  • Alternative batch processes may be carried out using a jig or a winch.
  • Semi-continuous processes which may be used include, for example pad-steam-roll and pad-roll techniques or any other semi-continuous process known for carrying out conventional bleaching steps for textile bleaching.
  • a pad-steam-roll method the yarn is impregnated with the bleaching solution on a saturator and the excess removed by squeezing on a mangle.
  • the wet yarn is then passed through a steaming chamber where it is warmed to raise the temperature to for example above 80°C generally around 100°C.
  • the yarn is then rolled into a rotating bath which is generally fully enclosed in a chamber and filled with steam to maintain the temperature. Generally the batch is rotated at the high temperature for 3 to 4 hours.
  • a pad-roll technique the yarn is impregnated with the bleaching solution and excess is removed by squeezing on a mangle.
  • the wet yarn is then rolled into a large batch where it is stored for up to 24 hours at room temperature.
  • the yarn is impregnated with the bleaching solution and the steam to raise its temperature. It is then stored for a period of time sufficient to allow bleaching, generally up to 1 hour, preferably from 2 to 30 minutes.
  • the present invention is particularly directed to use in a pad-batch process or in a pad-steam process.
  • the time taken in any of the processes described above depends upon the yarns for bleaching; the amount and nature of the impurities and the temperature of the process. However, contact of the yarn with the product solution will be for sufficient time to permit effective bleaching.
  • the invention is particularly useful because it enables effective bleaching even at low temperatures and therefore in the bleaching step, preferably the temperature will not be significantly greater than 60°C, most preferably no greater than 40°C.
  • a particular advantage of using the activators for the peroxygen source is that the oxidising product tends to be formed at a relatively low temperature, for instance at temperatures around ambient and less than hand hot (37°C) or even below 25 or 20°C or even as low as 5°C, which is advantageous from both a safety and an energy-saving point of view.
  • the present invention also includes a process in which the bleaching step may also provide scouring or desizing. Therefore, desized or unsized yarn will be contacted with the product solution in the third step and the duration of contact and the temperature of contact will be sufficient to permit effective scouring and bleaching. Notwithstanding the above, the invention may be used at higher temperatures, up to 95°C, whilst retaining the other benefits of the invention.
  • the processes of the present invention provide effective bleaching and optionally also scouring and in addition can be used at low temperatures.
  • the compositions used are advantageous in that fibre damage is reduced compared with known processes, particularly compared with alkaline bleaching processes.
  • the yarn is dyed. Any textile dye and any conventional dyeing process may be used.
  • the present invention also provides use of an oxidising composition
  • an oxidising composition comprising a peroxygen source and an activator which is an acyl donor preferably having at least two carbon atoms in the acyl group and, if necessary an acidifying component such that when the composition is added to water the peroxygen source, the activator and the acidifying component dissolve and the pH is reduced to and remains below pH 7, the use of such composition being to bleach yarn in textile manufacture.
  • the use is prior to dyeing textiles.
  • the oxidising composition may contain a pH-adjusting component which may comprise a polybasic organic acid, such as a polybasic carboxylic acid such as succinic or adipic acid, in addition to citric and/or sulphamic acid.
  • a pH-adjusting component which may comprise a polybasic organic acid, such as a polybasic carboxylic acid such as succinic or adipic acid, in addition to citric and/or sulphamic acid.
  • the component may react with a by-product of the perhydrolysis reaction to increase the acidity in use.
  • borate is a by-product and so any component known to react with borate to drop the pH, e.g. cis-l,2-diols, such as glycols, boric acid or sodium dihydrogen phosphate can be used.
  • Such acidifying components are also suitable for use where percarbonate is the peroxygen source.
  • the activator is TAED.
  • the peroxygen source is preferably hydrogen peroxide.
  • the oxidising composition for use in the present invention may contain the individual components each in separate compositions, for instance one of which contains the peroxygen source, another of which contains the activator and another of which contains the pH- modifying component, it is preferred to provide at least the activator and pH-modifying component as a mixture in a single composition in a form in which they are stable.
  • a composition which does not contain peroxygen source may, for instance, be added to an aqueous solution of peroxgyen source such as aqueous hydrogen peroxide, which is readily commercially available, in the form of, for instance 60%, 20%, 10% or, preferably, 5% w/v or less solution. It is most preferred for all of the components to be provided in a single composition, in which the components do not react, and which is preferably therefore substantially water-free.
  • compositions may be in liquid form, for instance in a non-aqueous liquid medium, in which the components may be dissolved or dispersed.
  • particles of activator with protective coatings for instance produced by icroencapsulation techniques or spray coating of solid activator, may be suspended in an aqueous, or non aqueous, solution of peroxygen source.
  • particles of solid peroxygen source optionally being coated with a protective coating. Coated particles of either peroxygen source or activator may be disrupted or diluted into water or with abrasion.
  • the oxidising composition is in a solid form, for instance as a mixture of particles of the individual components or, more preferably, comprising particles each of which comprise all of the components.
  • Such particles may be provided by techniques similar to those used in the laundry detergent industry, for instance including particles produced by spray drying liquid slurries, by granulation techniques using binders (for instance synthetic or natural polymers or derivatives) or by melt blending followed by extrusion or other techniques.
  • the product contains the active ingredients in appropriate relative quantities so that when the composition is diluted (or the compositions are mixed) with water the first step of the reaction proceeds at the optimal rate and at the desired pH.
  • the activator and peroxygen source are for instance present in relative amounts such that up to 500%, preferably 5% to 150% of the stoichiometric amount of activator (for complete reaction with the peroxygen source) is provided.
  • the amount of activator is 10 to 100%, more preferably 20 to 80% of the stoichiometric amount.
  • the product solution may require surface active properties. Where they are required, the product solution may comprise a surfactant. Any conventional surfactant may be used, selected from non-ionic, anionic, cationic, and amphoteric surfactants. However, non-ionic and amphoteric surfactants are preferred as they are more resistant to changing conditions of pH and water hardness. Particularly preferred surfactants are those which have good rinsing properties and which can therefore be rinsed easily from the textile after treatment.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants include for example alkanolamides (such as CIO to C20) and/or ethoxylated alcohols, carboxylic acids, amines, alcohol amides, alcohol phenol, glyceryl esters, sorbitan esters, phosphate esters etc.
  • Suitable amphoteric surfactants include for example betaines, such as alkyl betaines, sulphobetaines, and also imidazoline derivatives.
  • Suitable cationic surfactants include for example quaternary amines, imidizolines and quaternised imidizolines.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants include any surfactant useful in a detergent for example salts of sulphonic or monoesterified sulphuric acids, fatty alkyl ether sulphosuccinates, acyl sarcosinates, acyl taurides and paraffin sulphonates.
  • the preferred anionic surfactants are salts of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, preferably sodium.
  • the oxidising composition comprises surfactant it is preferably in amount no greater than 5% by weight surfactant, most preferably no greater than 3% by weight surfactant, based on the total weight of the oxidising composition.
  • compositions of the present invention may also include a chelating agent.
  • a chelating agent One or mixtures of more than one chelating agent can be used.
  • Particularly preferred chelating agents are EDTA, DTPA and phosphonates.
  • the oxidising composition may include other additives, for instance stabilisers which stabilise the product before use, as well as stabilisers for the peroxy acid oxidising species formed in the reaction, such as any heavy metal sequestrant.
  • inorganic salts for instance which affect the physical properties of the solid form or act as diluent may also be incorporated.
  • Other ingredients may be included depending upon for example the mode of use of the composition. Examples are agents to assist dissolution or dispersion of the product into water, or metal or catalysts.
  • the oxidising compositions of the present invention may be provided in a form which is suitable to be diluted directly into water to allow the second and third steps of the reaction to proceed without further additions.
  • the oxidising compositions of the present invention may be either solid or liquid.
  • they may be pourable liquids which are aqueous or non-aqueous, or may be in any other form.
  • the compositions are either solid or a pourable liquid.
  • Thickeners may be included to increase viscosity, such as those which are well known in the art, including gums, electrolytes (in combination with surfactant) , urea, triethanolamine and polyacrylates.
  • oxidising compositions for use in the present invention are preferably low foaming and therefore, if surfactant is included de-foaming agents may be incorporated, such as soap or silicone anti-foams.
  • the solid oxidising compositions according to the invention are particularly preferred because they have good storage stability since in general it is easier to keep the bleach activator and peroxygen donor compound in separate particles, and is easier to isolate other components of the composition from one another and from the bleach components.
  • one or more of the components may be in a granular form and these granules may include agents to increase the rate of dissolution of the compositions upon addition to water.
  • Such dissolution rate enhancers may create effervescence, for instance, a suitable component may be sodium bicarbonate or other alkaline metal bicarbonates.
  • a process for textile manufacture comprising obtaining fibres and forming them into a yarn and subjecting the yarn to a desizing step and a bleaching step, comprising reacting a peroxygen source with an activator compound which is an acyl donor in aqueous solution at a pH below pK a (l) to form a product solution comprising an oxidising compound which is a stronger oxidising agent than the peroxygen source, contacting the yarn with the product solution at an acidic pH below pK a (l) to effect bleaching in the bleaching step; and in the desizing step, contacting the yarn with an aqueous acidic desizing composition.
  • a process for textile manufacture comprising obtaining fibres and forming them into a yarn and subjecting the yarn to a combined desizing and bleaching step, in which the desizing and bleaching step is as the bleaching step described above and the product solution described above effects both desizing and bleaching, optionally also effecting scouring.
  • a process for textile manufacture comprising obtaining fibres and forming them into a yarn and subjecting the yarn to a desizing step, in which the desizing step is as the bleaching step described above and the product solution described above effects desizing, optionally also effecting scouring.
  • the desizing composition will be an oxidative composition.
  • the desizing composition may however comprise amylase enzymes for digesting starch containing sizes. Therefore, when the desizing composition is an oxidising composition, preferably the product solution is used as the desizing and bleaching composition so that desizing and bleaching (optionally also with scouring) are effected in one step.
  • the contact time and temperature for contacting the yarn with the product solution will be sufficient to effect desizing and bleaching, optionally also scouring.
  • the claimed process may be carried out having a rinsing step between the desizing and the bleaching steps.
  • the desizing step may be carried out using either cold, warm or steam working conditions.
  • Cold conditions are generally carried out at a temperature of from 20 to 40°C, although the temperature may be up to 50°C, over a period of from 4 to 16 hours at a pH of around 4.5 to 7.0;
  • warm desizing conditions are generally at temperatures from around at 60 to 70°C for a period of from 3 to 6 hours and across a pH of from 5.0 to 7.0; and steam working conditions generally rely upon temperatures from 100 to 105°C, for a period of 1 to 5 minutes and over a pH of 5.0 to 7.5.
  • a steam step may be prior to during or after contact of the yarn with the product solution.
  • the desizing step will generally comprise steps of impregnation of the yarn with the desizing composition to degrade the size (either by enzymic hydrolysis for the starch-based sizes or by oxidation of non-starch based sizes) and a rinsing step to rinse off the degradation product.
  • the desizing step may be a batch step for example using a jig or winch, it may be a semi-continuous process such as a pad-roll or pad-batch process or may be a continuous process using a J-box or steam chamber.
  • the size will be a starch-based size and the desizing and bleaching steps are combined.
  • the combined step may also provide scouring.
  • a process for textile manufacture comprising
  • the pH in both steps (b) and (c) will be below 7, preferably below 6.5, or even below 6.
  • an enzyme is generally impregnated into the yarn by immersion in an aqueous solution containing enzyme.
  • the enzyme will be present in the solution at a concentration of from 1 to 20 g/1, preferably around 2 to 10 g/1 in a pad-batch process, it is conventional use pad-batch processes in which the textile is rolled up and stored for a period, as described above.
  • the temperature and time for storage may vary but should be sufficient to enable the enzyme to break down the starch-based size.
  • the storage temperature is preferably at ambient conditions at room temperature.
  • the immersion temperature is often higher than the storage temperature and may be up to for example 70°C or even 100°C but should not be so high that the enzyme is inactivated.
  • the fabric or yarn is washed to remove the degraded products.
  • the impregnated textile is contacted with steam at a temperature generally from 102°C to 110°C, most usually from 102°C to 105°C, for 2 to 6 minutes or for sufficient time to enable the enzyme to effect degradation of the starch-based size and the textile is subsequently washed to remove degraded size.
  • the contact time for the yarn with the product solution in the third step will be for sufficient time to effect desizing, scouring and bleaching or, where no scouring is needed, to effect desizing and bleaching.
  • the contact time will vary depending upon the temperature of contact with the aqueous liquid will preferably be in a cold pad-batch process in which the yarn (which has optionally been further processed before treatment to be made into a fabric for example by weaving or knitting) is contacted with the desizing/bleaching product solution from the second step at an initial temperature above 50°C, for up to 2 minutes and subsequently, excess bleaching/sizing product solution is removed and the yarn is rolled up and maintained in a moist condition for up to 48 hours, generally no greater than 24 hours and most preferably for up to 10 hours at ambient temperatures.
  • the temperature of the initial contact of the product solution with the yarn achieves temperatures of up to 110°C. If that temperature is maintained, contact may only be required for up to 30 minutes, generally for no greater than 15 minutes and most preferably for no greater than 10, or even 7 minutes.
  • yarn which has not undergone a desizing step and which includes either a starch, polyvinyl alcohol or carboxymethyl cellulose-type size may undergo desizing, scouring and bleaching simultaneously using the product solution formed in the second step.
  • the fibre which has been formed into yarn is sized with a starch, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose or any other type of size which can be degraded by oxidation, and no desizing step has been undergone prior to contact of the yarn with the product solution, in the third step.
  • the concentration of the peroxygen source is reported in terms of the starting concentration of aqueous hydrogen peroxide, to which other reactants are added.
  • the molar concentration of the mixtures can be calculated.
  • Example 1 Reaction of TAED and hydrogen peroxide 1.1 This area of investigation was to find a simple method of determining the presence of a stronger oxidising species than hydrogen peroxide. To this end a number of indicators containing oxidisable groups were tried, to identify which changed colour on addition of peracetic acid and the oxidising product of an embodiment of the invention, but not hydrogen peroxide. The results showed that alizarin complexone (AC) was decolorised by peracetic acid, but not by hydrogen peroxide. This material was therefore selected as the indicator of choice.
  • AC alizarin complexone
  • the activator/peroxygen source combination procedure used was 60% hydrogen peroxide in a 10:1 ratio with the activator.
  • Small swatches of cotton cloth (20-25cm 2 ) were used and the stain was chlorophyll.
  • the bleaching experiments were run using lOmls hydrogen peroxide (60%) which was adjusted to the required pH using sodium hydroxide solution.
  • a weighed quantity of the activator (16.7 mmol) was then added and the mixture stirred for 2 minutes to dissolve the activator. The swatch of cloth was then added and left for 30 minutes with occasional stirring.
  • the solutions and swatches used were prepared as in the above experiments. Four solutions were prepared and a swatch added to each after a set period of time. The cloth was left in the bleach solution for 5mins and then removed and rinsed thoroughly with deionised water. The times at which the swatches were added were after lmin, 15mins, 30mins and lhr. A different solution was used for each swatch.
  • the activators used were TAED and DADHT. The final brightness after drying of the cloth was measured using the Hunterlab. The results are shown in Table 7.
  • Acetic anhydride is a widely used source of peracids under laboratory conditions. This material is however water sensitive, corrosive and therefore not easy to handle. The following experiments were designed to see how effective acetic anhydride was as a peracid generator under dilute aqueous conditions.
  • Chlorophyll stained swatches were added to the solutions used above and left to bleach overnight for 17 hours. The swatches were rinsed. The pH of the bleaching solution was measured after the cloths had been removed.
  • lOOOg deionised water was weighed into a two litre heavy duty pyrex beaker.
  • lOg of sodium hydrogen also phosphate were added, followed by 2g of Lutensit Alba, then lg Dequest 2066 sequestering agent was added.
  • the solution was stirred and 30ml hydrogen peroxide (60% w/v) 200 volumes was added and the solution adjusted to the desired pH using pre-sequestered sodium hydroxide.
  • the sodium hydroxide was pre-sequested by weighing 995g of sodium hydroxide (46/48%) into a two litre glass beaker, followed by 5g Dequest 2066. After stirring vigorously for five minutes using a magnetic stirrer the sodium hydroxide solution was stored on an empty plastic container and left to stand for a minimum of 24 hours before use.
  • the CIE whiteness achieved by peroxide alone is 48.7 after five hours of bleaching. This whiteness can be achieved by the activator/peroxide bleaching composition at 20°C after 24 hours, or at 60°C with a reduced bleaching time of two hours.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Utilisation de composés activateurs de blanchiment à N-acyle et O-acyle pour produire des peroxyacides dans des milieux acides aqueux, généralement dans un état relativement dilué. Ce produit est utilisé sur place comme un agent de blanchiment de textiles. Un procédé de désencollage et de blanchiment combinés comprend éventuellement l'utilisation d'une amylase dans le milieu acide aqueux.
PCT/GB1995/000249 1994-02-07 1995-02-07 Procede de blanchiment de textiles WO1995021283A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU15845/95A AU1584595A (en) 1994-02-07 1995-02-07 Process for bleaching textiles

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/GB1994/000228 WO1994018297A1 (fr) 1993-02-08 1994-02-07 Agents d'oxydation
ATPCT/GB94/00228 1994-02-07
GB9415907.6 1994-08-05
GB9415907A GB9415907D0 (en) 1994-08-05 1994-08-05 Oxidising agents

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995021283A1 true WO1995021283A1 (fr) 1995-08-10

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AU (1) AU1584595A (fr)
WO (1) WO1995021283A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001060960A2 (fr) * 2000-02-15 2001-08-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Procede d'utilisation de systeme de blanchiment hydrophobes dans la preparation de textiles
WO2001064993A1 (fr) * 2000-02-15 2001-09-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Procede en une etape pour la preparation de textiles
WO2001081669A1 (fr) * 2000-02-15 2001-11-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Procede d'application d'apprets de pressage permanent a des composants textiles a l'aide d'une preparation de blanchiment hydrophobe
WO2002068750A1 (fr) * 2001-02-27 2002-09-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Procede d'utilisation de systemes de blanchiment hydrophobes dans une preparation textile d'enroulement a froid
EP1404798A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2004-04-07 Novozymes North America, Inc. Preparation de matieres cellulosiques
US6830591B1 (en) 2000-02-15 2004-12-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for the use of hydrophobic bleaching systems in textile preparation
CN108642855A (zh) * 2018-06-22 2018-10-12 黑龙江金达麻业有限公司 亚麻漂白低酸低碱工艺

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB901687A (en) * 1957-11-25 1962-07-25 Textil Ges M B H Improvements in and relating to the bleaching of fibre material
US3227655A (en) * 1957-11-25 1966-01-04 Fmc Corp Process for preparation of a bleaching agent
US3551087A (en) * 1964-07-10 1970-12-29 Basf Ag Simultaneous dyeing and bleaching of proteinaceous fibrous material
WO1993012067A1 (fr) * 1991-12-13 1993-06-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Esters de citrate acyle utilises comme precurseurs de peracide
WO1994018299A1 (fr) * 1993-02-08 1994-08-18 Warwick International Group Limited Agents d'oxydation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB901687A (en) * 1957-11-25 1962-07-25 Textil Ges M B H Improvements in and relating to the bleaching of fibre material
US3227655A (en) * 1957-11-25 1966-01-04 Fmc Corp Process for preparation of a bleaching agent
US3551087A (en) * 1964-07-10 1970-12-29 Basf Ag Simultaneous dyeing and bleaching of proteinaceous fibrous material
WO1993012067A1 (fr) * 1991-12-13 1993-06-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Esters de citrate acyle utilises comme precurseurs de peracide
WO1994018299A1 (fr) * 1993-02-08 1994-08-18 Warwick International Group Limited Agents d'oxydation

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6830591B1 (en) 2000-02-15 2004-12-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for the use of hydrophobic bleaching systems in textile preparation
WO2001064993A1 (fr) * 2000-02-15 2001-09-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Procede en une etape pour la preparation de textiles
WO2001081669A1 (fr) * 2000-02-15 2001-11-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Procede d'application d'apprets de pressage permanent a des composants textiles a l'aide d'une preparation de blanchiment hydrophobe
WO2001060960A3 (fr) * 2000-02-15 2002-05-30 Procter & Gamble Procede d'utilisation de systeme de blanchiment hydrophobes dans la preparation de textiles
WO2001060960A2 (fr) * 2000-02-15 2001-08-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Procede d'utilisation de systeme de blanchiment hydrophobes dans la preparation de textiles
US6740126B2 (en) 2000-02-15 2004-05-25 Strike Investments, Llc Method for the application of durable press finishes to textile components via the use of hydrophobic bleaching preparation
US6743761B2 (en) 2000-02-15 2004-06-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for the one step preparation of textiles
WO2002068750A1 (fr) * 2001-02-27 2002-09-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Procede d'utilisation de systemes de blanchiment hydrophobes dans une preparation textile d'enroulement a froid
US6569209B2 (en) 2001-02-27 2003-05-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for the use of hydrophobic bleaching systems in cold batch textile preparation
CN100376742C (zh) * 2001-02-27 2008-03-26 宝洁公司 在纺织品冷法分批前制备中使用疏水性漂白系统的方法
EP1404798A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2004-04-07 Novozymes North America, Inc. Preparation de matieres cellulosiques
EP1404798A4 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2004-08-04 Novozymes North America Inc Preparation de matieres cellulosiques
CN108642855A (zh) * 2018-06-22 2018-10-12 黑龙江金达麻业有限公司 亚麻漂白低酸低碱工艺

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