WO1995013512A1 - Process for the thermal treatment of a pourable solid material, a mixing device for carrying this out and a material produced by this process - Google Patents

Process for the thermal treatment of a pourable solid material, a mixing device for carrying this out and a material produced by this process Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995013512A1
WO1995013512A1 PCT/CH1994/000220 CH9400220W WO9513512A1 WO 1995013512 A1 WO1995013512 A1 WO 1995013512A1 CH 9400220 W CH9400220 W CH 9400220W WO 9513512 A1 WO9513512 A1 WO 9513512A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screw
treatment
mixing
thermal
container
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1994/000220
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Edwin Eisenegger
Original Assignee
Edwin Eisenegger
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Edwin Eisenegger filed Critical Edwin Eisenegger
Priority to EP94931484A priority Critical patent/EP0685057A1/en
Publication of WO1995013512A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995013512A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • F26B9/08—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements
    • F26B9/082—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried
    • F26B9/085—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried moving the material in a substantially vertical sense using conveyors or agitators, e.g. screws or augers with vertical axis, which are positioned inside the drying enclosure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/85—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with two or more stirrers on separate shafts
    • B01F27/851—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with two or more stirrers on separate shafts the receptacle being subdivided in adjacent compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/92—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with helices or screws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form by rapid transfer of thermal energy of a thermal medium to the material to be treated, a mixing device for carrying out the method, a flowable material in solid form produced by the method and a plant for Processing, treatment and production of decontaminated vegetable feed as a thermally treated good.
  • Such decontamination can be carried out by thermal treatment, ie heat and / or cooling treatment, preferably approximately continuously.
  • Screw mixers with different designs are known and are also used for different tasks. Here are these
  • Snail (s) also formed with an inclined rotating axis of rotation. It has already been proposed to design the screw coils arranged on the screw axis in such a way that their walls enclose a cavity around a fluid thermal medium for thermal treatment
  • a mixer has also become known which has double-concentric screws in such a way that a central rotating screw is surrounded by a further rotating tubular screw with a perforated central tube as the screw shaft. It has also already been proposed to arrange a central mixing screw within a jacket tube in such a way that its inside diameter is slightly larger than the outside diameter of the screw helix, which should lead to more intensive mixing of the material to be treated.
  • the thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form has hitherto been known on the one hand using pneumatic conveying and / or pneumatic container fluidization.
  • the thermal pneumatic treatment medium acts directly on the good, which is not desirable in all cases.
  • Darren are also known for thermal treatments, in which horizontal screws are arranged rotating in hollow-walled cylinders. The degree of filling of the screw that can be achieved in such kilns is very low, so that the thermal efficiency is low due to the low heat transfer to the material. As a result, the overall device expenditure for the treatment of large quantities of goods is very large and the economy is reduced.
  • Another publication has disclosed a treatment of flour to reduce microbiological contamination using temperature and pressure, in particular through the use of screw presses which put the flour to be treated under increased pressure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a mixing device of the first embodiment in an upright sectional view.
  • Figure 2 shows the mixing device of the first embodiment in a horizontal sectional view.
  • FIG. 3 shows a mixing device of the second embodiment in an upright sectional view.
  • FIG. 4 shows the mixing device of the second embodiment in a horizontal sectional view.
  • Figure 5 shows the mixing device of the third embodiment in a horizontal
  • FIG. 6 shows a first system concept with mixing devices for carrying out the method.
  • FIG. 7 shows a second system concept with mixing devices of different thermal designs for carrying out the process of thermally treating flowable material in solid form in an economical manner without influencing the physical form, requiring special process measures, particularly in the case of vegetable goods. so for example no direct contact between the thermal treatment medium and the goods to be treated, compliance with time and thermal specifications, the uniform distribution of the temperature within the goods, often also the easy adaptability of the process to changing goods treatment requirements. It has been found that these requirements can be met if an energy-exchanging surface is provided for the thermal treatment of the goods and the goods are moved along this surface for a predetermined time.
  • the predetermined temperature within the quantity of the good it is advantageously subjected to continuous mixing, so that new particles of the good always come into contact with the energy-exchanging surface.
  • a measured quantity of good is subjected to the treatment during the predetermined time and, after the treatment time has expired, the one quantity of good is replaced by a new measured quantity of good and the treatment is exposed.
  • the material is advantageously advantageously moved along the surface that looks like energy, which e.g. can be done by using a conveyor or mixing screw.
  • the method according to the invention is used with particular advantage for the decontamination of vegetables, especially those for animal nutrition, such bacteriological contaminations, e.g. due to salmonellosis, Campylobacter and others canceling.
  • the decontaminating treatment is advantageously carried out on commodities in comminuted form.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show the basic structure of a mixing device 1 for the thermal treatment of solid material, also called solid material.
  • the container 10 formed by a wall 11 encloses a mixing space 4 and is designed to receive a rotating screw.
  • the screw 20 is rotatably supported in the container 10 with a vertical axis and provided with a rotary drive 21.
  • An inlet device 12 leading through the wall 11 of the container 10 is provided in the upper region 22 of the screw 20.
  • An outlet device 13 leading through the wall 11 of the container 10 is provided in the lower region 23 of the screw 20.
  • Each of the inlet and outlet devices 12, 13 is correspondingly individually assigned an inlet and outlet closure 121, 131, and these in turn are each individually associated with a closure drive 122, 132 and a drive control device 123, 133.
  • the worm ke 20 is surrounded by a worm jacket 25 such that their spiral 201 26 forming screw ⁇ mantels extends close to the inside of a jacket space 25th Between the upper end 262 and lower end 263 of the screw shell 25 and the inside of the container wall 11, a connection space 264, 265 from the shell space 26 into the mixing space 4 is kept free.
  • a doctor arm 30 is arranged in the lower region 23 of the screw 20, all the way along the inside of the container wall 11, in such a way that it extends into the region of the free connecting space 265 during the circulation.
  • the doctor arm 30 is connected to a doctor drive 31.
  • the screw shell 25 is hollow-walled and is used for receiving or. Passing through a heat transfer medium.
  • the inner and outer surfaces 251, 261 of this hollow-walled screw shell 25 serve both for the inner shell space 26 and for the outer mixing space 4 for the energy-exchanging transfer of energy from the heat transfer medium to the material moving along it.
  • Different heat transfer media can be used in the hollow-walled screw casing 25, for which it is in conductive connection with a source 50 via an inlet connection 252 and an outlet connection 253.
  • this source 50 is a heat exchanger for a fluid heat transfer medium, for example water, steam or a gas, in which the heat transfer medium is brought to a required high or low temperature by the energy from a corresponding energy source 51 .
  • a fluid heat transfer medium this is conveyed in a preferably closed circuit from the source 50 into the hollow-walled screw jacket 25 and from this back into the source 50.
  • the hollow-walled screw shell 25 can be provided with a known, not shown, electrical heating element and connected to a suitable controllable energy source 51.
  • the goods are filled into the container 10 through the inlet device 12, if necessary after a cleaning, crushing, drying and other pretreatment.
  • the inlet device 12 is opened and closed by the inlet closure 121, driven and controlled by the closure drive 122 and the drive control device 123, as a function of time and / or volume.
  • the doctor arm 30, which rotates via the drive 31, pushes the filled product into the lower region 23 of the screw 20. This conveys the product along the inner surface 261 of the hollow screw jacket 25 brought to a predetermined temperature by the heat transfer medium and sets it for the corresponding energy-exchanging thermal treatment out.
  • the thermally treated material leaves the jacket space 26 in the upper region 22 of the screw 20 through the connecting space 264 into the adjacent mixing space 4.
  • the material flows along the outer surface 251, which is also thermally acted upon by the heat transfer medium in the hollow-walled screw shell 25 the mixing chamber 4 in the area of the lower end 26 of the screw shell 25 and thus of the doctor arm 30 and with its circumferential movement back into the lower connecting space 265 and thus into the lower region 23 of the screw 20 and again into the shell space 26.
  • the treated material has significantly improved properties for its further use.
  • the infestation with Salmonelloses and / or Campylobacter in animal feed was largely eliminated.
  • a central mixing space 4 is surrounded by a cylindrical wall 11 and delimited at the top by a container cover 113 and at the bottom by a container base 114.
  • screw jackets 25 are arranged, in whose jacket spaces 26 screws 20 are arranged and in their end regions 22, 23 in the Container wall 11 are rotatably mounted.
  • the screw 20 is a Drehan ⁇ drive 21 and associated with this drive control 29th
  • the helixes 201 of the screws 20 extend into the area of the inner surfaces 261 of the casing spaces 26.
  • Each casing space 26 is in communication with the mixing space 4 in the area of the container top 113 and the container bottom 114 by a connecting space 264, 265.
  • a squeegee arm is arranged circumferentially with supplied ⁇ ordnetem wiper driving 31 30th During orbital Be ⁇ movement of the squeegee arm 30 sweeps over this at least the area of the Ver ⁇ bindunsbank 265 from the mixing space 4 in the casing spaces 26 close to the loading ⁇ biber founded 114.
  • the container lid 113 is provided with a in the mixing space 4 mün ⁇ Denden intake device 12, which are assigned an inlet closure 121 with closure drive 122 and drive control device 123.
  • the container base 114 is provided with an outlet device 13 leading out of the mixing chamber 4, to which an outlet closure 131 with a closure drive 132 and drive control device 133 are assigned.
  • an essentially vertical mixing screw 40 with associated worm drive 41 is rotatably mounted and surrounded by a mixing screw shell 45 such that the helix 401 of the mixing screw 40 extends into the area of the inner surface 461 of the shell 45 extends.
  • the upper and lower end regions 42, 43 of the mixing screw 40 lie outside the mixing screw jacket 45 in the area of the mixing chamber 4.
  • the screw jackets 25 and the mixing screw jacket 45 are hollow-walled and are connected to sources 50 ', 50 "of heat transfer medium. These sources 50 '50 "are designed differently depending on the heat transfer medium used.
  • the material to be treated is supplied in a certain amount, controlled by the inlet and outlet closures 121, 131, through the inlet device 12 to the mixing chamber 4, and by the rotating doctor arm 30 to the screws 20, which feed the material drawn into their lower region 23
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF Detect and convey through the jacket space 26 along the inner thermally acted surface 261, if necessary also along the thermally acted helix 201 of the screw 20, into the connecting space 264 at its opposite end 22 and pass it thermally treated into the mixing chamber 4.
  • the central screw 40 in its lower end region 43 pulls material to be treated in the mixing chamber 4 from the region of the container bottom 114 into the conveying chamber 46 surrounded by the mixing screw jacket 45 and transfers it back to the mixing chamber 4 at its upper end 42.
  • the quantity of material in the mixing chamber 4, the screw chambers 26 and 46 is the mixing and the thermal treatment along thermally exposed surfaces 251, 261 , 451, 461.
  • the treated quantity of material is discharged from the mixing device 1 by controlled actuation of the outlet and inlet closures 131, 121 assigned to the inlet and outlet devices 12, 13 and handled by a new amount ⁇ replacing good.
  • the treated quantity of good that is discharged is used for further recycling or Processing stage fed.
  • This second embodiment shows the possibility of thermally loading the screws 20 and / or 40 in order to accelerate the energy transfer to the material to be treated, in that their spirals 201 and / or 401 are hollow-walled. Whether these hollow-walled spirals 201 and / or 401 are acted upon by the same heat transfer medium as the screw jackets 25, 45 or by a separate one depends on the effect to be achieved on the material to be treated. Furthermore, this second embodiment of the invention shows the possibility of direct exposure of the material to be treated to thermal treatment medium and / or additives in the mixing device 1 by the mixing space 4 in the areas of the container bottom 114 and the container lid 113 with inlet and outlet openings 62, 63 are provided for the treatment medium and / or additives.
  • Equipped with the radially arranged screw device according to Figures 3,4 may be carried out abgstent in that individually instead of each screw 20 surrounding hollow-walled screw ⁇ coats 25, these are formed not hohlwandig.
  • the heat transfer medium is determined by the Spickelsammlung 28 between the tionswandung the mixing ⁇ space 40 enclosing the inner container wall 11, the outer Isola ⁇ 90 and disposed in the thus formed annular space worm kenmantel 25, which accommodate rotating screws 20, out.
  • peripheral screws 20 can be formed according to FIG.
  • the material to be treated is taken up in several stages by a screw 20, treated in accordance with the thermal loading generated in its area by the screw jacket 25, and the material treated in this way is transferred to a subsequent screw 20, with a possibly different thermal loading .
  • the material is transferred into the mixing space 4 with the central mixing screw 40 and discharged from the latter at the end of the treatment time.
  • the thermal efficiency can be significantly influenced if the mixing devices 1 according to the described embodiment variants according to FIGS. 3 to 5 are surrounded by an insulating device jacket 90, thus preventing or preventing excessive unused radiation of thermal energy. greatly reducing.
  • a plant for the thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form is shown on the basis of FIG. 6, which enables different process sequences using several similar mixing devices 1.
  • the material to be treated and supplied to the system of the first design according to FIG. 6 lies in raw material or in a material that has been pretreated by a processing device 600, such as cleaned, shredded, etc. Form before.
  • a first mixing device 601 is designed as a heater and is provided for heating the material in that the heat transfer medium is brought to an elevated temperature in an adapted source 50, according to FIGS. 3, 4 through the hollow walls 11 of the container 10 and / or the screw shell 25, respectively. 45 is funded.
  • a second mixing device 602 is designed as a cooler and is provided for cooling material thermally treated in the preceding mixing devices 601, in that the heat transfer medium, brought to a low temperature in a suitably adapted source 50, through the hollow cheeks 11 of the container 10 and / or screw shell 25, 45 is promoted.
  • a pressing device 650 for conversion into pressed parts such as feed cubes, pellets, etc. arranged.
  • the material which may have been pretreated in the device 600 and then to be treated according to the invention, is introduced through the corresponding inlet device 12 into the mixing space 4 of the mixing device 601 designed as a heater, in this through the action of thermal energy during the operation by the screws 20, 40 continuous circulation along heat-exchanging surfaces of the walls 11, 25, 45 are treated until good contamination is rendered harmless and then discharged from the heater 601 and passed to the next processing stage, a cooling mixer 703 which reduces the temperature of the good again. Cooling mixer 703 takes place along the energy-exchanging surface brought to low temperature. This cooled good is then fed to the pressing device 750.
  • FIG. 7 In a second system concept according to FIG 7, the filled this zuzuur- yield good in crude or in a treated by a treatment apparatus 700 before ⁇ form in a first mixing device 701.
  • the first mixing device 701 is designed as a heater and for heating the material.
  • the heat transfer medium, brought to an increased temperature in an adapted source 50, is shown in FIGS. 3, 4 through the hollow walls 11 of the container 10 and / or the screw shell 25, respectively. 45 funded.
  • a second mixing device 702 is designed as a holding mixer and for maintaining a temperature imposed on the material, for which purpose the hollow walls 11 of the container 10 and / or screw casing 25, 45 are acted upon by a heat transfer medium of an appropriately adapted temperature.
  • a third mixing device 703 is designed as a cooler and is provided for cooling material which has been thermally pretreated in the preceding mixing devices 701 and 702, in that cold heat transfer medium, brought to a low temperature in a suitably adapted source 50, through the hollow walls 11 of container 10 and / or screw shell 25, 45 is promoted.
  • a device 730 for filling bulk goods in bulk for example into bags, solid containers or tank vehicles 740, or a pressing device 750 for converting the treated goods is used for further processing of the treated goods in pressed parts such as feed cubes, pellets etc.
  • This system concept allows the processing, treatment and production of different decontaminated products, especially vegetable feedstuffs, and uses several similar mixing devices according to FIGS.
  • the material, possibly pretreated and then to be treated according to the invention, is introduced through the inlet device 12 into the mixing chamber 4 of the mixing device 701 designed as a heater, in this through the action of thermal energy during the circulation along the heat-exchanging surfaces that takes place continuously through the screws 20, 40 the walls 11, 25, 45 are treated until the contamination of good is rendered harmless and then discharged from the heater 701 and passed through the distribution device 711 to the next processing stage.
  • This next stage of processing can either be the temperature of the goods during a

Abstract

For some time, consumption of produce derived from livestock husbandry and the keeping of domestic animals has led to cases of bacteriological poisoning involving, for exemple, salmonelloses or campylobacter. Since it is suspected that such pathogens are also to be found in and conveyed by the feed given to domestic animals used for food, it is proposed that the feed should be bacteriologically decontaminated before further use. Decontamination can be effected continuously through thermal treatment, i.e. heating and/or cooling treatment. The aim of the invention is to develop a process for the thermal treatment of pourable solid material by the rapid transfer of thermal energy from a thermal medium to the material requiring treatment, a mixing system for carrying out said process, a pourable solid material produced by this process and a facility for the processing, treatment and production of decontaminated plant-based animal feed as thermally treated material. This is achieved by bringing about a rapid transfer of thermal energy from a thermal medium to the material requiring treatment by passing the said material along at least one heat-exchanging surface onto which the thermal medium impinges for a predetermined period, this period lasting at least until the entire quantity of the material undergoing treatment has been brought to a predetermined temperature during a predetermined reaction time.

Description

Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von fliessfähigem Gut in fester Form. Mischvorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung und danach hergestelltes Gut. Process for the thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form. Mixing device for its implementation and goods produced thereafter.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von fliessfähigem Gut in fester Form durch raschen Uebergang thermischer Energie eines thermischen Mediums an das zu behandelnde Gut, eine Mischvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, ein fliessfähiges Gut in fester Form hergestellt s nach dem Verfahren sowie eine Anlage zur Verarbeitung, Behandlung und Erzeugung von dekontaminiertem vegetabilischem Futtermittel als thermisch behandeltes Gut.The invention relates to a method for the thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form by rapid transfer of thermal energy of a thermal medium to the material to be treated, a mixing device for carrying out the method, a flowable material in solid form produced by the method and a plant for Processing, treatment and production of decontaminated vegetable feed as a thermally treated good.
Seit einiger Zeit treten beim Verzehr von Erzeugnissen aus der landwirtschaft¬ lichen Tierhaltung resp. der Haltung von Haustieren bakteriologische Vergiftun- ισ gen, z.B. durch Salmonellosen oder Campylobacter auf. Es besteht eine Vermu¬ tung, dass solche Krankheitserreger unter anderem durch Futter, das den Haus¬ tieren verabreicht wird, auftreten und verschleppt werden. Um solche futterge¬ bundene Verseuchung auszuschliessen, mindestens aber markant zu vermin¬ dern, soll das zu verabreichende Futter vor dessen weiteren Verwendung bakte-For some time now, the consumption of products from agricultural animal husbandry or the House pets bacteriological Poison Control ισ, for example by salmonella or campylobacter on. There is a presumption that such pathogens occur and are carried away, inter alia, by feed which is administered to the pets. In order to exclude such feed-related contamination, but at least to significantly reduce it, the feed to be administered should be bacterially
15 riologisch dekontaminiert werden. Eine solche Dekontamination kann durch ther¬ mische Behandlung, d.h. Wärme- und/oder Kühlbehandlung erfolgen, vorzugs¬ weise etwa kontinuierlich. 15 riologically decontaminated. Such decontamination can be carried out by thermal treatment, ie heat and / or cooling treatment, preferably approximately continuously.
Schneckenmischer in unterschiedlicher konstruktiver Gestaltung sind bekannt und werden auch für unterschiedliche Aufgaben eingesetzt. Dabei sind dieseScrew mixers with different designs are known and are also used for different tasks. Here are these
20 wahlweise mit horizontaler, vertikaler oder geneigter Achse der rotierenden 20 optionally with horizontal, vertical or inclined axis of the rotating
Schnecke(n) aber auch mit geneigt umlaufender Rotationsachse ausgebildet. Es wurde schon vorgeschlagen, die auf der Schneckenachse angeordneten Schneckenwendeln derart auszubilden, dass deren Wandungen einen Hohlraum umschliesεen, um ein fluides thermisches Medium zur thermischen BehandlungSnail (s) also formed with an inclined rotating axis of rotation. It has already been proposed to design the screw coils arranged on the screw axis in such a way that their walls enclose a cavity around a fluid thermal medium for thermal treatment
25 des durch die Schnecke zu fördernden resp. zu mischenden Gutes durchzulei¬ ten. Auch wurde ein Mischer bekannt, der doppeltkonzentrische Schnecken aufweist derart, dass eine zentrale rotierende Schnecke von einer weiteren rotierenden Rohrschnecke mit gelochtem Zentralrohr als Schneckenwelle umge¬ ben ist. Es wurde auch schon vorgeschlagen, eine zentrale Mischschnecke inner¬ halb eines Mantelrohrs darart anzuordnen, dass dessen Innendurchmesser un¬ wesentlich grösser ist als der Aussendurchmesser der Schneckenwendel, was zu einer intensiveren Durchmischung des zu behandelnden Gutes führen soll. 25 of the to be promoted by the snail. to be mixed. A mixer has also become known which has double-concentric screws in such a way that a central rotating screw is surrounded by a further rotating tubular screw with a perforated central tube as the screw shaft. It has also already been proposed to arrange a central mixing screw within a jacket tube in such a way that its inside diameter is slightly larger than the outside diameter of the screw helix, which should lead to more intensive mixing of the material to be treated.
Die thermische Behandlung von fliessfähigem Gut in fester Form ist bisher einerseits unter Anwendung pneumatischer Förderung und/oder pneumatischer Behälterfluidisation bekannt. Dabei wirkt das thermische pneumatische Behand¬ lungsmedium direkt auf das Gut ein, was nicht in allen Fällen wünschbar ist. Auch sind Darren für thermische Behandlungen bekannt, bei denen horizontale Schnecken in hohlwandigen Zylindern rotierend angeordnet sind. Der in solchen Darren erreichbare Füllungsgrad der Schnecke ist sehr gering, sodass der ther¬ mische Wirkungsgrad wegen geringem Wärmeübergang an das Gut klein ist. Damit wird der gesamte Vorrichtungsaufwand für die Behandlung von grossen Gutmengen sehr gross und die Wirtschaftlichkeit geschmälert.The thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form has hitherto been known on the one hand using pneumatic conveying and / or pneumatic container fluidization. The thermal pneumatic treatment medium acts directly on the good, which is not desirable in all cases. Darren are also known for thermal treatments, in which horizontal screws are arranged rotating in hollow-walled cylinders. The degree of filling of the screw that can be achieved in such kilns is very low, so that the thermal efficiency is low due to the low heat transfer to the material. As a result, the overall device expenditure for the treatment of large quantities of goods is very large and the economy is reduced.
Aus einer anderen Druckschrift wurde eine Behandlung von Mehl zur Ver- ringerung der mikrobiologischen Kontamination unter Anwendung von Tempe¬ ratur und Druck, besonders durch die Verwendung von Schneckenpressen, die das zu behandelnde Mehl unter erhöhten Druck setzen, bekannt.Another publication has disclosed a treatment of flour to reduce microbiological contamination using temperature and pressure, in particular through the use of screw presses which put the flour to be treated under increased pressure.
Wesentlich zur Aufgabestellung gehört, dass der physische Zustand des zu behandelnden Gutes durch die Einwirkung des thermischen Mediums nicht ver- ändert, d.h. nicht aus dem festen in den flüssigen oder gasförmigen Zustand umgewandelt wird.It is essential to the task that the physical condition of the goods to be treated does not change due to the action of the thermal medium, i.e. is not converted from the solid to the liquid or gaseous state.
Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Mischvorrichtung erster Ausführungsart in aufrechter Schnittdarstellung.1 shows a mixing device of the first embodiment in an upright sectional view.
Die Figur 2 zeigt die Mischvorrichtung erster Ausführungsart in horizontaler Schnittdarstellung.Figure 2 shows the mixing device of the first embodiment in a horizontal sectional view.
Die Figur 3 zeigt eine Mischvorrichtung zweiter Ausführungsart in aufrech¬ ter Schnittdarstellung.FIG. 3 shows a mixing device of the second embodiment in an upright sectional view.
Die Figur 4 zeigt die Mischvorrichtung zweiter Ausführungsart in horizonta¬ ler Schnittdarstellung. Die Figur 5 zeigt die Mischvorrichtung dritter Ausführungsart in horizontalerFIG. 4 shows the mixing device of the second embodiment in a horizontal sectional view. Figure 5 shows the mixing device of the third embodiment in a horizontal
Schnittdarstellung. Die Figur 6 zeigt ein erstes Anlage-Konzept mit Mischvorrichtungen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.Sectional view. FIG. 6 shows a first system concept with mixing devices for carrying out the method.
Die Figur 7 zeigt ein zweites Anlage-Konzept mit Mischvorrichtungen unterschiedlicher thermischer Auslegung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, Fliessfähiges Gut in fester Form thermisch in wirtschaftlicher Weise zu behandeln, ohne auf die physikalische Form Einfluss zu nehmen, erfordert, besonders bei vegetabilischen Gütern, besondere Verfahrensmassnahmen, so z.B. keinen direkten Kontakt zwischen dem thermischen Behandlungsmedium und dem zu behandelnden Gut, die Einhaltung zeitlicher und thermischer Vorga- ben, die gleichmässige Verteilung der Temperatur innerhalb des Gutes, oft auch die leichte Anpassbarkeit des Prozesses an ändernde Gutbehandlungsanforde¬ rungen. Es wurde gefunden, dass diese Anforderungen erfüllt werden können, wenn für die thermische Behandlung des Gutes eine Energie austauschende Fläche vorgesehen wird und das Gut während einer vorgegebenen Zeit entlang dieser Fläche bewegt wird. Zur Erreichung einer gleichmässigen Verteilung der vorgegebenen Temperatur innerhalb der Menge des Gutes wir dieses vorteilhaf¬ terweise einer laufenden Durchmischung unterworfen, sodass immer neue Teil¬ chen des Gutes mit der Energie austauschenden Fläche in Berührung kommen. Um die thermische Behandlung zeitlich zu beeinflussen, erweist es sich als vor- teilhaft, wenn eine abgemessene Menge Gut während der vorgegebenen Zeit der Behandlung unterworfen wird und nach Ablauf der Behandlungszeit die eine Menge Gut durch eine neue abgemessene Menge Gut ersetzt und der Behand¬ lung ausgesetzt wird. Zur Gewährleistung eines kontrollierten Ablaufs der Be¬ handlung wird das Gut mit Vorteil zwangsweise entlang der Energie austau- sehenden Fläche bewegt, was z.B. durch Anwendung einer Förder- oder Misch¬ schnecke erfolgen kann.FIG. 7 shows a second system concept with mixing devices of different thermal designs for carrying out the process of thermally treating flowable material in solid form in an economical manner without influencing the physical form, requiring special process measures, particularly in the case of vegetable goods. so for example no direct contact between the thermal treatment medium and the goods to be treated, compliance with time and thermal specifications, the uniform distribution of the temperature within the goods, often also the easy adaptability of the process to changing goods treatment requirements. It has been found that these requirements can be met if an energy-exchanging surface is provided for the thermal treatment of the goods and the goods are moved along this surface for a predetermined time. In order to achieve a uniform distribution of the predetermined temperature within the quantity of the good, it is advantageously subjected to continuous mixing, so that new particles of the good always come into contact with the energy-exchanging surface. In order to influence the thermal treatment over time, it proves to be advantageous if a measured quantity of good is subjected to the treatment during the predetermined time and, after the treatment time has expired, the one quantity of good is replaced by a new measured quantity of good and the treatment is exposed. In order to ensure a controlled course of the treatment, the material is advantageously advantageously moved along the surface that looks like energy, which e.g. can be done by using a conveyor or mixing screw.
Das Verfahren gemäss der Erfindung wird mit besonderem Vorteil zur De¬ kontamination von Vegetabilien, besonders solchen für die tierische Ernährung, angewendet, derart bakteriologische Verseuchungen, z.B. durch Salmonellosen, Campylobacter u.a. aufhebend. Die dekontaminierende Behandlung erfolgt vor¬ teilhafterweise an Gut in zerkleinerter Form.The method according to the invention is used with particular advantage for the decontamination of vegetables, especially those for animal nutrition, such bacteriological contaminations, e.g. due to salmonellosis, Campylobacter and others canceling. The decontaminating treatment is advantageously carried out on commodities in comminuted form.
In den Figuren 1 und 2 ist der grundsätzliche Aufbau einer Mischvorrich¬ tung 1 zur thermischen Behandlung von Gut in fester Form, auch Feststoffgut genannt, dargestellt. Der durch eine Wandung 11 gebildete Behälter 10 um- schliesst einen Mischraum 4 und ist zur Aufnahme einer rotierenden Schnecke ausgebildet. Die Schnecke 20 ist vertikalachsig im Behälter 10 rotierbar gelagert und mit einem Drehantrieb 21 versehen. Im oberen Bereich 22 der Schnecke 20 ist eine durch die Wandung 11 des Behälters 10 führende Einlassvorrichtung 12 vorgesehen. Im unteren Bereich 23 der Schnecke 20 ist eine durch die Wan¬ dung 11 des Behälters 10 führende Auslassvorrichtung 13 vorgesehen. Jeder der Ein- und Auslassvorrichtungen 12,13 sind entsprechend einzeln je ein Ein- und Auslassverschluss 121, 131 und diesen wiederum einzeln je ein Verschlussantrieb 122,132 und je eine Antriebssteuervorrichtung 123,133 zugeordnet. Die Schnek- ke 20 ist von einem Schneckenmantel 25 derart umgeben, dass deren Wendel 201 bis nahe an die Innenseite des einen Mantelraum 26 bildenden Schnecken¬ mantels 25 reicht. Zwischen oberem Ende 262 und unterem Ende 263 des Schneckenmantels 25 und der Innenseite der Behälterwandung 11 sind je ein Verbindungsraum 264, 265 aus dem Mantelraum 26 in den Mischraum 4 frei gehalten. Im Mischraum 4 ist ein Rakelarm 30 im unteren Bereich 23 der Schnecke 20, entlang der Innenseite der Behälterwandung 11 umlaufend, derart angeordnet, dass er sich während des Umlaufs bis in den Bereich des freien Verbindungsraumes 265 erstreckt. Der Rakelarm 30 steht mit einem Rakelan¬ trieb 31 in Verbindung. Der Schneckenmantel 25 ist hohlwandig ausgebildet und dient der Aufnahme resp. Durchleitung eines Wärmeträgermediums. Die innen und aussen liegenden Oberflächen 251, 261 dieses hohlwandigen Schnecken- mantels 25 dienen sowohl gegen den innenliegenden Mantelraum 26 wie auch gegen den aussenliegenden Mischraum 4 hin der energieaustauschenden Abga¬ be von Energie des Wärmeträgermediums an das daran entlang bewegte Gut. Unterschiedliche Wärmeträgermedin können im hohlwandigen Schneckenmantel 25 zur Anwendung kommen, wozu er über einen Einlassanschluss 252 und einen Auslassanschluss 253 mit einer Quelle 50 in leitender Verbindung steht. Bei dieser Quelle 50 handelt es sich im vorliegenden Beispiel um einen Wär¬ metauscher für ein fluides Wärmeträgermedium, z.B. Wasser, Dampf oder ein Gas, worin das Wärmeträgermedium durch die Energie aus einer entsprechen¬ den Energiequelle 51 auf eine erforderliche hohe oder tiefe Temperatur gebracht wird . Im Falle eines fluiden Wärmeträgermediums wird dieses in einem vorzugs¬ weise geschlossenen Kreislauf aus der Quelle 50 in den hohlwandigen Schnek- kenmantel 25 und aus diesem zurück in die Quelle 50 gefördert. Anstelle von fluiden Wärmeträgermedien kann der hohlwandige Schnecken¬ mantel 25 mit einem bekannten, nicht näher dargestellten, elektrischen Heizkör- per versehen und mit einer dafür geeigneten regelbaren Energiequelle 51 in Ver¬ bindung gebracht werden. Zur Behandlung des Gutes gemäss dem angegebenen Verfahren mit der Mischvorrichtung 1 erster Ausführungsform wird das Gut, allenfalls nach einer reinigenden, zerkleinernden, trocknenden u.a. Vorbehandlung, durch die Einlass¬ vorrichtung 12 in den Behälter 10 gefüllt. Zur Festlegung der einzufüllenden Menge Gut wird die Einlassvorrichtung 12 durch den Einlassverschluss 121, an¬ getrieben und gesteuert durch den Verschlussantrieb 122 und die Antriebs¬ steuervorrichtung 123, in Abhängigkeit von Zeit und/oder Volumen geöffnet und geschlossen. Der über den Antrieb 31 umlaufende Rakelarm 30 schiebt das eingefüllte Gut in den unteren Bereich 23 der Schnecke 20. Diese fördert das Gut entlang der inneren Oberfläche 261 des durch das Wärmeträgermedium auf eine vorgegebene Temperatur gebrachten hohlen Schneckenmantels 25 und setzt es der entsprechend energietauschenden thermischen Behandlung aus. Das thermisch behandelte Gut verlässt den Mantelraum 26 im oberen Bereich 22 der Schnecke 20 durch den Verbindungsraum 264 in den angrenzenden Mischraum 4. In diesem strömt das Gut entlang der äusseren, durch das Wär¬ meträgermedium im hohlenwandigen Schneckenmantel 25 ebenfalls thermisch beaufschlagten äusseren Oberfläche 251 durch den Mischraum 4 in den Be¬ reich des unteren Endes 26 des Schneckenmantels 25 und damit des Rakel¬ arms 30 und mit dessen umlaufender Bewegung zurück in den unteren Verbin- dungsraum 265 und derart in den unteren Bereich 23 der Schnecken 20 und wieder in den Mantelraum 26. Nach dem Erreichen der gewünschten Tempe¬ ratur, und einem allfälligen zeitlich vorgegebenen Halten auf dieser Temperatur, während der das Durchmischen im Mischraum 4 durch den umlaufenden Rakelarm 30 und im Mantelraum 26 durch die Schnecke 20 entlang den wär- metauschenden Oberflächen 261, 251 aufrecht erhalten wird, erfolgt das Aus¬ tragen des Gutes aus dem Behälter 10 durch die Auslassvorrichtung 13, ge¬ steuert durch Antriebssteuerung 133 und Verschlussantrieb 132.1 and 2 show the basic structure of a mixing device 1 for the thermal treatment of solid material, also called solid material. The container 10 formed by a wall 11 encloses a mixing space 4 and is designed to receive a rotating screw. The screw 20 is rotatably supported in the container 10 with a vertical axis and provided with a rotary drive 21. An inlet device 12 leading through the wall 11 of the container 10 is provided in the upper region 22 of the screw 20. An outlet device 13 leading through the wall 11 of the container 10 is provided in the lower region 23 of the screw 20. Each of the inlet and outlet devices 12, 13 is correspondingly individually assigned an inlet and outlet closure 121, 131, and these in turn are each individually associated with a closure drive 122, 132 and a drive control device 123, 133. The worm ke 20 is surrounded by a worm jacket 25 such that their spiral 201 26 forming screw ¬ mantels extends close to the inside of a jacket space 25th Between the upper end 262 and lower end 263 of the screw shell 25 and the inside of the container wall 11, a connection space 264, 265 from the shell space 26 into the mixing space 4 is kept free. In the mixing chamber 4, a doctor arm 30 is arranged in the lower region 23 of the screw 20, all the way along the inside of the container wall 11, in such a way that it extends into the region of the free connecting space 265 during the circulation. The doctor arm 30 is connected to a doctor drive 31. The screw shell 25 is hollow-walled and is used for receiving or. Passing through a heat transfer medium. The inner and outer surfaces 251, 261 of this hollow-walled screw shell 25 serve both for the inner shell space 26 and for the outer mixing space 4 for the energy-exchanging transfer of energy from the heat transfer medium to the material moving along it. Different heat transfer media can be used in the hollow-walled screw casing 25, for which it is in conductive connection with a source 50 via an inlet connection 252 and an outlet connection 253. In the present example, this source 50 is a heat exchanger for a fluid heat transfer medium, for example water, steam or a gas, in which the heat transfer medium is brought to a required high or low temperature by the energy from a corresponding energy source 51 . In the case of a fluid heat transfer medium, this is conveyed in a preferably closed circuit from the source 50 into the hollow-walled screw jacket 25 and from this back into the source 50. Instead of fluid heat transfer media, the hollow-walled screw shell 25 can be provided with a known, not shown, electrical heating element and connected to a suitable controllable energy source 51. For the treatment of the goods according to the specified method with the mixing device 1 of the first embodiment, the goods are filled into the container 10 through the inlet device 12, if necessary after a cleaning, crushing, drying and other pretreatment. To determine the quantity to be filled, the inlet device 12 is opened and closed by the inlet closure 121, driven and controlled by the closure drive 122 and the drive control device 123, as a function of time and / or volume. The doctor arm 30, which rotates via the drive 31, pushes the filled product into the lower region 23 of the screw 20. This conveys the product along the inner surface 261 of the hollow screw jacket 25 brought to a predetermined temperature by the heat transfer medium and sets it for the corresponding energy-exchanging thermal treatment out. The thermally treated material leaves the jacket space 26 in the upper region 22 of the screw 20 through the connecting space 264 into the adjacent mixing space 4. In this, the material flows along the outer surface 251, which is also thermally acted upon by the heat transfer medium in the hollow-walled screw shell 25 the mixing chamber 4 in the area of the lower end 26 of the screw shell 25 and thus of the doctor arm 30 and with its circumferential movement back into the lower connecting space 265 and thus into the lower region 23 of the screw 20 and again into the shell space 26. After the desired temperature has been reached and any time-predetermined maintenance at this temperature during which the mixing in the mixing chamber 4 by the rotating doctor arm 30 and in the jacket chamber 26 by the screw 20 along the heat-exchanging surfaces 261, 251 the goods are discharged from the container 1 0 by the outlet device 13, controlled by drive control 133 and closure drive 132.
Das behandelte Gut weist wesentlich verbesserte Eigenschaften für dessen weitere Verwendung auf. So wurde vor allem der Befall mit Salmonellosen und/ oder Campylobacter bei Futtermitteln weitgehend eliminiert.The treated material has significantly improved properties for its further use. In particular, the infestation with Salmonelloses and / or Campylobacter in animal feed was largely eliminated.
In einer zweiten Ausführungsart der Mischvorrichtung gemäss Figuren 3 und 4 ist ein zentraler Mischraum 4 von einer zylindrischen Wandung 11 umge¬ ben und oben durch einen Behälterdeckel 113 und unten durch einen Behälter¬ boden 114 begrenzt. Verteilt auf den Umfang der zylindrischen Wandung 11 und mit dieser verbunden sind Schneckenmäntel 25 angeordnet, in deren Mantel¬ räumen 26 Schnecken 20 angeordnet und in deren Endbereichen 22, 23 in der Behälterwandung 11 rotierbar gelagert sind. Den Schnecken 20 ist ein Drehan¬ trieb 21 und diesem eine Antriebssteuerung 29 zugeordnet. Die Wendeln 201 der Schnecken 20 erstrecken sich bis in den Bereich der inneren Oberflächen 261 der Mantelräume 26. Jeder Mantelraum 26 steht im Bereich des Behälter- deckeis 113 und des Behälterbodens 114 durch je einen Verbindungsraum 264, 265 mit dem Mischraum 4 in kommunizierender Verbindung. Im Bereich des Behälterbodens 114 innerhalb des Mischraumes 4 ist ein Rakelarm 30 mit zuge¬ ordnetem Rakelantrieb 31 umlaufend angeordnet. Während der umlaufenden Be¬ wegung des Rakelarmes 30 bestreicht dieser mindestens den Bereich der Ver¬ bindunsräume 265 aus dem Mischraum 4 in die Mantelräume 26 nahe dem Be¬ hälterboden 114. Der Behälterdeckel 113 ist mit einer in den Mischraum 4 mün¬ denden Einlassvorrichtung 12, der ein Einlassverschluss 121 mit Verschlussan¬ trieb 122 und Antriebssteuervorrichtung 123 zugeordnet sind, versehen. Der Behälterboden 114 ist mit einer aus dem Mischraum 4 führenden Auslassvor- richtung 13, der ein Auslassverschluss 131 mit Verschlussantrieb 132 und An¬ triebssteuervorrichtung 133 zugeordnet sind, versehen. Im Mischraum 4 des Behälters 10 ist eine im wesentlichen vertikale Mischschnecke 40 mit zugehö¬ rigem Schneckenantrieb 41 drehbar gelagert und von einem Mischschnecken¬ mantel 45 derart umgeben, dass sich die Wendel 401 der Mischschnecke 40 bis in den Bereich der inneren Oberfläche 461 des Mantels 45 erstreckt. Die oberen und unteren Endbereiche 42, 43 der Mischschnecke 40 liegen ausserhalb des Mischschneckenmantels 45 im Bereich des Mischraumes 4. Die Schnecken¬ mäntel 25 und der Mischschneckenmantel 45 sind hohlwandig ausgebildet und stehen mit Quellen 50', 50" von Wärmeträgermedium in Verbindung. Diese Quellen 50' 50" sind je nach dem verwendeten Wärmeträgermedium unter¬ schiedlich ausgebildet. Im Falle fluider Wärmeträgermedien wie Gas oder Flüs¬ sigkeit handelt es sich um Wärmetauscher. Wenn als Wärmeträgermedium in den hohlwandigen Mänteln 25, 45 elektrische Heizkörper angeordnet werden, stehen diese mit einer elektrischen Energie 501 und elekterischen Energieregler in Verbindung. Für die Erreichung eines hohen thermischen Wirkungsgrades sind Behälter 10 und darum herum angeordneten Schneckenmäntel 25 mit darin rotierend angeordneten Schnecken 20 von einem Isolationsmantel 90 umhüllt.In a second embodiment of the mixing device according to FIGS. 3 and 4, a central mixing space 4 is surrounded by a cylindrical wall 11 and delimited at the top by a container cover 113 and at the bottom by a container base 114. Distributed on the circumference of the cylindrical wall 11 and connected to it, screw jackets 25 are arranged, in whose jacket spaces 26 screws 20 are arranged and in their end regions 22, 23 in the Container wall 11 are rotatably mounted. The screw 20 is a Drehan ¬ drive 21 and associated with this drive control 29th The helixes 201 of the screws 20 extend into the area of the inner surfaces 261 of the casing spaces 26. Each casing space 26 is in communication with the mixing space 4 in the area of the container top 113 and the container bottom 114 by a connecting space 264, 265. In the area of the container bottom 114 within the mixing space 4, a squeegee arm is arranged circumferentially with supplied ¬ ordnetem wiper driving 31 30th During orbital Be ¬ movement of the squeegee arm 30 sweeps over this at least the area of the Ver¬ bindunsräume 265 from the mixing space 4 in the casing spaces 26 close to the loading ¬ hälterboden 114. The container lid 113 is provided with a in the mixing space 4 mün¬ Denden intake device 12, which are assigned an inlet closure 121 with closure drive 122 and drive control device 123. The container base 114 is provided with an outlet device 13 leading out of the mixing chamber 4, to which an outlet closure 131 with a closure drive 132 and drive control device 133 are assigned. In the mixing chamber 4 of the container 10, an essentially vertical mixing screw 40 with associated worm drive 41 is rotatably mounted and surrounded by a mixing screw shell 45 such that the helix 401 of the mixing screw 40 extends into the area of the inner surface 461 of the shell 45 extends. The upper and lower end regions 42, 43 of the mixing screw 40 lie outside the mixing screw jacket 45 in the area of the mixing chamber 4. The screw jackets 25 and the mixing screw jacket 45 are hollow-walled and are connected to sources 50 ', 50 "of heat transfer medium. These sources 50 '50 "are designed differently depending on the heat transfer medium used. In the case of fluid heat transfer media such as gas or liquid, these are heat exchangers. If electrical heating elements are arranged as the heat transfer medium in the hollow-walled jackets 25, 45, these are connected to an electrical energy 501 and an electrical energy regulator. In order to achieve a high thermal efficiency, containers 10 and screw jackets 25 arranged around them, with screws 20 rotating therein, are encased by an insulation jacket 90.
Das zu behandelnde Gut wird in bestimmter Menge, gesteuert durch die Ein- und Auslassverschlüsse 121, 131, durch die Einlassvorrichtung 12 dem Mischraum 4 zugeführt, durch den umlaufenden Rakelarm 30 den Schnecken 20 zugeführt, welche das in deren unterem Bereich 23 eingezogene GutThe material to be treated is supplied in a certain amount, controlled by the inlet and outlet closures 121, 131, through the inlet device 12 to the mixing chamber 4, and by the rotating doctor arm 30 to the screws 20, which feed the material drawn into their lower region 23
ERSATZBLATT erfassen und durch den Mantelraum 26 entlang der inneren thermisch beauf¬ schlagten Oberfläche 261 , allenfalls auch entlang der thermisch beaufschlagten Wendel 201 der Schnecke 20, in den Verbindungsraum 264 an deren gegen¬ überliegendem Ende 22 fördern und thermisch behandelt in den Mischraum 4 übergeben. Gleichzeitig zieht die zentrale Schnecke 40 in deren unteren End¬ bereich 43 zu behandelndes Gut im Mischraum 4 aus dem Bereich des Behäl¬ terbodens 114 in den vom Mischschneckenmantel 45 umgebenen Förderraum 46 und übergibt es an dessen oberen Ende 42 zurück in den Mischraum 4. Mindestens bis zum Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Temperratur der gesam- ten Menge des zu behandelnden Gutes, allenfalls auch während einer vorgege¬ benen Verweilzeit, ist die Gutmenge im Mischraum 4, den Schneckenräumen 26 und 46 der Durchmischung und der thermischen Behandlung entlang thermisch beaufschlagter Oberflächen 251, 261, 451, 461 unterworfen. Nach Ablauf des durch Temperatur und/oder Zeit vorgegebenen Behandlungsprogramms wird durch gesteuerte Betätigung der den Ein- und Auslassvorrichtungen 12, 13 zuge¬ ordneten Aus- und Einlassverschlüssen 131, 121 die behandelte Menge Gut aus der Mischvorrichtung 1 ausgetragen und durch eine neue Menge zu behan¬ delnden Gutes ersetzt. Die ausgetragene behandelte Menge Gut wird einer weiteren Verwertungs- resp. Verarbeitungsstufe zugeführt. Diese zweite Ausführungsform zeigt die Möglichkeit auf, zur Beschleunigung der Energieübertragung an das zu behandelnde Gut die Schnecken 20 und/ oder 40 thermisch zu beaufschlagen, indem deren Wendeln 201 und/oder 401 hohlwandig ausgebildet sind. Ob dabei diese hohlwandigen Wendeln 201 und/ oder 401 vom gleichen Wärmeträgermedium wie die Schneckenmäntel 25, 45 oder von einem davon getrennten beaufschlagt werden, hängt von der zu errei¬ chenden Wirkung auf das zu behandelnde Gut ab.lm weitern zeigt diese zweite Ausführungsart der Erfindung die nicht auszuschliessende Möglichkeit der direkten Beaufschlagung des zu behandelnden Gutes mit thermischem Behand¬ lungsmedium und/oder Zusatzstoffen in der Mischvorrichtung 1 auf, indem der Mischraum 4 in den Bereichen des Behälterbodens 114 und des Behälterdek- kels 113 mit Ein- und Austrittöffnungen 62, 63 für Behandlungsmedium und/oder Zuschlagstoffen versehen sind. Dafür kommen besonders gas- resp. dampfför¬ mige Behandlungsmedien zur Anwendung, die durch eine Pumpe resp. ein Gebläse 64 durch die Eintrittsöffnung 62 in den Mischraum 4 und in diesem durch das Gut gefördert und nach der Abgabe eines Teils der derart zugeführ¬ ten thermischen Energie resp. zugesetzten Wirkstoffe durch die Austrittsöffnung 63 wieder weggeführt werden. Durch den die Mischvorrichtung 1 resp. dessen Behälter 10 und die zugeordneten Schnecken 20 in deren Schneckenmänteln 25 umhüllenden Isolationsmantel 90 steht die behandelnde thermische Energie, die mit dem/den thermischen Wärmeträgermedium/en der Vorrichtung zuge- führt wird, ohne grosse ungenutzte Verluste der Gutbehandlung zur Verfügung. Die mit den sternförmig angeordneten Schnecken ausgestattete Vorrichtung gemäss Figuren 3,4 kann auch dahingehend abgwandelt ausgeführt sein, dass anstelle der jede Schnecke 20 einzeln umgebenden hohlwandigen Schnecken¬ mäntel 25 diese nicht hohlwandig ausgebildet sind. Um dennoch das zur Tempe- rierung der inneren Oberflächen 261 der Schneckenmäntel zu erreichen, wird das Wärmeträgermedium durch die Spickelräume 28 zwischen der den Misch¬ raum 40 umschliessenden innenliegenden Behälterwand 11, der äusseren Isola¬ tionswandung 90 und den im derart gebildeten Ringraum angeordneten Schnek- kenmäntel 25, welche darin rotierende Schnecken 20 aufnehmen, geführt. In Anlehnung an die Mischvorrichtung gemäss der Figuren 3, 4 können gemäss Figur 5 periphere Schnecken 20 um einen zentralen Mischraum 4 zur thermi¬ schen Behandlung des Gutes derart ausgebildet sein, dass die peripheren Schnecken 20 innerhalb der entsprechenden Schneckenmäntel 25 in einem Ringraum zwischen einer äusseren thermisch isolierten Wandung 281 und einer inneren, den Mischraum 4 umschliessenden Wandung 411 derart angeordnet sind, dass zwischen den einzelnen Schneckenmänteln 25 und deren Schnecken 20 Spickelräume 28 ausgebildet sind. Eine Einlassvorrichtung 125 ist in einen ersten Spickelraum 28 zwischen peripheren Schnecken 20 mündend angeord¬ net. Das untere Ende des ersten Spickelraumes 28 ausserhalb des betreffenden Schneckenmantels 25 steht am unteren Ende mit der ersten benachbarten Schnecke 20 in Verbindung . Am oberen Ende der ersten Schnecke 20 wird das durch diese im Schneckenmantel nach oben geförderte Gut in den nachfol¬ genden und an den ersten Schneckenmantel 25 angrenzenden Spickelraum 28 übergeben. Derart wird das zu behandelnde Gut mehrstufig von einer Schnecke 20 aufgenommen, entsprechend der in dessen Bereich durch den Schecken¬ mantel 25 erzeugten thermischen Beaufschlagung behandelt und das derart be¬ handelte Gut einer nachfolgenden Schnecke 20, mit einer allenfalls andersarti¬ gen thermischen Beaufschlagung, übergeben. Am Ende der Kette der sich fol¬ genden Schnecken 20 wird das Gut in den Mischraum 4 mit der zentralen Mischschnecke 40 übergeben und am Ende der Behandlungszeit aus diesem ausgetragen. Der thermische Wirkungsgrad kann wesentlich beeinflusst werden, wenn die Mischvorrichtungen 1 gemäss den beschriebenen Ausführungsvarianten gemäss den Figuren 3 bis 5 von einem isolierenden Vorrichungsmantel 90 umgeben sind, derart eine übermässige ungenutzte Abstrahlung thermischer Energie ver- hindernd resp. stark vermindernd.REPLACEMENT LEAF Detect and convey through the jacket space 26 along the inner thermally acted surface 261, if necessary also along the thermally acted helix 201 of the screw 20, into the connecting space 264 at its opposite end 22 and pass it thermally treated into the mixing chamber 4. At the same time, the central screw 40 in its lower end region 43 pulls material to be treated in the mixing chamber 4 from the region of the container bottom 114 into the conveying chamber 46 surrounded by the mixing screw jacket 45 and transfers it back to the mixing chamber 4 at its upper end 42. At least until a predetermined temperature of the total amount of the material to be treated has been reached, if necessary also during a predetermined dwell time, the quantity of material in the mixing chamber 4, the screw chambers 26 and 46 is the mixing and the thermal treatment along thermally exposed surfaces 251, 261 , 451, 461. After the treatment program specified by temperature and / or time has elapsed, the treated quantity of material is discharged from the mixing device 1 by controlled actuation of the outlet and inlet closures 131, 121 assigned to the inlet and outlet devices 12, 13 and handled by a new amount ¬ replacing good. The treated quantity of good that is discharged is used for further recycling or Processing stage fed. This second embodiment shows the possibility of thermally loading the screws 20 and / or 40 in order to accelerate the energy transfer to the material to be treated, in that their spirals 201 and / or 401 are hollow-walled. Whether these hollow-walled spirals 201 and / or 401 are acted upon by the same heat transfer medium as the screw jackets 25, 45 or by a separate one depends on the effect to be achieved on the material to be treated. Furthermore, this second embodiment of the invention shows the possibility of direct exposure of the material to be treated to thermal treatment medium and / or additives in the mixing device 1 by the mixing space 4 in the areas of the container bottom 114 and the container lid 113 with inlet and outlet openings 62, 63 are provided for the treatment medium and / or additives. For this come especially gas or vapor treatment media for use, which by a pump or. a blower 64 is conveyed through the inlet opening 62 into the mixing space 4 and in this through the material and after the release of part of the thermal energy supplied in this way, respectively. added active ingredients through the outlet opening 63 be led away again. Through the mixing device 1, respectively. the container 10 and the associated screws 20 in the insulating jacket 90 enveloping their screw jackets 25, the treating thermal energy which is supplied to the device with the thermal heat transfer medium (s) is available without large unused losses of the good treatment. Equipped with the radially arranged screw device according to Figures 3,4 may be carried out abgwandelt in that individually instead of each screw 20 surrounding hollow-walled screw ¬ coats 25, these are formed not hohlwandig. In order to nevertheless the the temperature-of the inner surfaces 261 turing to reach the screw coats, the heat transfer medium is determined by the Spickelräume 28 between the tionswandung the mixing ¬ space 40 enclosing the inner container wall 11, the outer Isola¬ 90 and disposed in the thus formed annular space worm kenmantel 25, which accommodate rotating screws 20, out. Based on the mixing device according to FIGS. 3, 4, peripheral screws 20 can be formed according to FIG. 5 around a central mixing chamber 4 for thermal treatment of the material in such a way that the peripheral screws 20 within the corresponding screw jackets 25 in an annular space between an outer one thermally insulated wall 281 and an inner wall 411 enclosing the mixing chamber 4 are arranged in such a way that 20 interspaces 28 are formed between the individual screw jackets 25 and their screws. An inlet device 125 is arranged so as to open into a first chipping space 28 between peripheral screws 20. The lower end of the first chipping chamber 28 outside the screw shell 25 in question is connected at the lower end to the first adjacent screw 20. At the upper end of the first screw 20, the material conveyed upwards by this in the screw shell is transferred into the subsequent chipping chamber 28 which is adjacent to the first screw shell 25. In this way, the material to be treated is taken up in several stages by a screw 20, treated in accordance with the thermal loading generated in its area by the screw jacket 25, and the material treated in this way is transferred to a subsequent screw 20, with a possibly different thermal loading . At the end of the chain of the following screws 20, the material is transferred into the mixing space 4 with the central mixing screw 40 and discharged from the latter at the end of the treatment time. The thermal efficiency can be significantly influenced if the mixing devices 1 according to the described embodiment variants according to FIGS. 3 to 5 are surrounded by an insulating device jacket 90, thus preventing or preventing excessive unused radiation of thermal energy. greatly reducing.
Anhand der Figur 6 wird eine Anlage zur thermischen Behandlung von fliessfähigem Gut in fester Form dargestellt, welche verschiedene Verfahrens¬ abläufe unter Verwendung mehrer gleichartiger Mischvorrichtungen 1 ermöglicht.A plant for the thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form is shown on the basis of FIG. 6, which enables different process sequences using several similar mixing devices 1.
Das zu behandelnde und der Anlage erster Auslegung gemäss Figur 6 zu- zuführende Gut liegt in roher oder in einer durch eine Aufbereitungsvorrichtung 600 vorbehandelten, wie gereinigten, zerkleinerten u.a. Form vor. Eine erste Mischvorrichtung 601 ist als Erhitzer ausgelegt und zur Erhitzung des Gutes vorgesehen, indem das Wärmeträgermedium, in einer angepassten Quelle 50 auf erhöhte Temperatur gebracht, gemäss Figur 1, 2 resp. 3, 4 durch die hohlen Wandungen 11 von Behälter 10 und/der Schneckenmantel 25 resp. 45 gefördert wird. Eine zweite Mischvorrichtung 602 ist als Kühler ausgelegt und zur Abküh¬ lung von in der vorhergehenden Mischvorrichtungen 601 thermisch vorbehan¬ deltem Gut vorgesehen, indem das Wärmeträgermedium, in einer entsprechend angepassten Quelle 50 auf tiefe Temperatur gebracht, durch die hohlen Wan- düngen 11 von Behälter 10 und/oder Schneckenmantel 25, 45 gefördert wird. Im Anschluss an dieses Konzept der zwei Mischvorrichtungen 601, 602 wird, zur weiteren Verarbeitung des behandelten Gutes, eine Pressvorrichtung 650 zur Umwandlung in Pressteiie wie Futterwürfel, Pellets u.a. angeordnet.The material to be treated and supplied to the system of the first design according to FIG. 6 lies in raw material or in a material that has been pretreated by a processing device 600, such as cleaned, shredded, etc. Form before. A first mixing device 601 is designed as a heater and is provided for heating the material in that the heat transfer medium is brought to an elevated temperature in an adapted source 50, according to FIGS. 3, 4 through the hollow walls 11 of the container 10 and / or the screw shell 25, respectively. 45 is funded. A second mixing device 602 is designed as a cooler and is provided for cooling material thermally treated in the preceding mixing devices 601, in that the heat transfer medium, brought to a low temperature in a suitably adapted source 50, through the hollow cheeks 11 of the container 10 and / or screw shell 25, 45 is promoted. Following this concept of the two mixing devices 601, 602, for further processing of the treated material, a pressing device 650 for conversion into pressed parts such as feed cubes, pellets, etc. arranged.
Dieses Anlagekonzept erlaubt die Verarbeitung, Behandlung und ErzeugungThis investment concept allows processing, treatment and generation
unterschiedlicher dekontaminierter Erzeugnisse, besonders vegetabilische Futter¬ mittel und setzt dafür mehrere gleichartige Mischvorrichtungen gemäss Figuren 1, 2 resp. 3, 4 resp. 5 ein. Das, allenfalls in der Vorrichtung 600 vorbehandelte und danach gemäss der Erfindung zu behandelnde Gut wird durch die entspre- chende Einlassvorrichtung 12 in den Mischraum 4 der als Erhitzer ausgelegten Mischvorrichtung 601 eingetragen, in dieser durch die Einwirkung thermischer Energie während der durch die Schnecken 20, 40 laufend erfolgenden Umwäl¬ zung entlang wärmetauschender Flächen der Wände 11, 25, 45 bis zur Un¬ schädlichmachung von Gutkontaminationen behandelt und danach aus dem Erhitzer 601 ausgetragen und der nächsten Verarbeitungsstufe zugeleitet, einem die Temperatur des Gutes wieder zurücknehmenden Kühlmischer 703. In die- sem Kühlmischer 703 erfolgt entlang der auf tiefe Temperatur gebrachten ener¬ gietauschenden Oberfläche.n) die Gutabkühlung. Dieses gekühlte Gut wird sodann der Pressvorrichtung 750 zugeführt.different decontaminated products, especially vegetable feed and uses several similar mixing devices according to Figures 1, 2 and 3, 4 resp. 5 a. The material, which may have been pretreated in the device 600 and then to be treated according to the invention, is introduced through the corresponding inlet device 12 into the mixing space 4 of the mixing device 601 designed as a heater, in this through the action of thermal energy during the operation by the screws 20, 40 continuous circulation along heat-exchanging surfaces of the walls 11, 25, 45 are treated until good contamination is rendered harmless and then discharged from the heater 601 and passed to the next processing stage, a cooling mixer 703 which reduces the temperature of the good again. Cooling mixer 703 takes place along the energy-exchanging surface brought to low temperature. This cooled good is then fed to the pressing device 750.
In einem zweiten Anlagekonzept gemäss Figur 7 wird das dieser zuzufüh- rende Gut, in roher oder in einer durch eine Aufbereitungsvorrichtung 700 vor¬ behandelten Form, in eine erste Mischvorrichtung 701 eingefüllt. Die erste Mischvorrichtung 701 ist als Erhitzer und zur Erhitzung des Gutes ausgelegt. Das Wärmeträgermedium, in einer angepassten Quelle 50 auf erhöhte Tempera¬ tur gebracht, wird gemäss Figur 1, 2 resp. 3, 4 durch die hohlen Wandungen 11 von Behälter 10 und/der Schneckenmantel 25 resp. 45 gefördert. Eine zweite Mischvorrichtung 702 ist als Halte-Mischer und zur Aufrechterhaltung einer dem Gut aufgezwungenen Temperatur ausgelegt, wozu die hohlen Wandungen 11 von Behälter 10 und /oder Schneckenmantel 25, 45 von einem Wärmeträgermedium von entsprechend angepasster Temperatur beaufschlagt werden. Eine dritte Mischvorrichtung 703 ist als Kühler ausgelegt und zur Abkühlung von in den vorhergehenden Mischvorrichtungen 701 und 702 thermisch vorbehandeltem Gut vorgesehen, indem kaltes Wärmeträgermedium, in einer entsprechend angepassten Quelle 50 auf tiefe Temperatur gebracht, durch die hohlen Wan¬ dungen 11 von Behälter 10 und/oder Schneckenmantel 25, 45 gefördert wird. Im Anschluss an dieses Konzept der drei Mischvorrichtungen 701, 702, 703 wird zur weiteren Verarbeitung des behandelten Gutes eine Vorrichtung 730 zur Abfüllung von Schüttgut in losem Zustand, z.B. in Säcke, feste Behälter oder Tankfahrzeuge 740, oder eine Pressvorrichtung 750 zur Umwandlung des behandelten Gutes in Pressteile wie Futterwürfel, Pellets u.a. Dieses Anlagekonzept erlaubt die Verarbeitung, Behandlung und Erzeugung unterschiedlicher dekontaminierter Erzeugnisse, besonders vegetabilische Futter¬ mittel und setzt dafür mehrere gleichartige Mischvorrichtungen gemäss Figuren 1, 2 resp. 3, 4 resp. 5 ein. Das, allenfalls vorbehandelte und danach gemäss der Erfindung zu behandelnde Gut wird durch die Einlassvorrichtung 12 in den Mischraum 4 der als Erhitzer ausgelegten Mischvorrichtung 701 eingetragen, in dieser durch die Einwirkung thermischer Energie während der durch die Schnecken 20, 40 laufend erfolgenden Umwälzung entlang wärmetauschender Flächen der Wände 11, 25, 45 bis zur Unschädlichmachung von Gutkontamina¬ tionen behandelt und danach aus dem Erhitzer 701 ausgetragen und durch die Verteilvorrichtung 711 der nächsten Verarbeitungsstufe zugeleitet. Diese nächste Verarbeitungsstufe kann entweder ein die Temperatur des Gutes während einerIn a second system concept according to FIG 7, the filled this zuzufüh- yield good in crude or in a treated by a treatment apparatus 700 before ¬ form in a first mixing device 701. FIG. The first mixing device 701 is designed as a heater and for heating the material. The heat transfer medium, brought to an increased temperature in an adapted source 50, is shown in FIGS. 3, 4 through the hollow walls 11 of the container 10 and / or the screw shell 25, respectively. 45 funded. A second mixing device 702 is designed as a holding mixer and for maintaining a temperature imposed on the material, for which purpose the hollow walls 11 of the container 10 and / or screw casing 25, 45 are acted upon by a heat transfer medium of an appropriately adapted temperature. A third mixing device 703 is designed as a cooler and is provided for cooling material which has been thermally pretreated in the preceding mixing devices 701 and 702, in that cold heat transfer medium, brought to a low temperature in a suitably adapted source 50, through the hollow walls 11 of container 10 and / or screw shell 25, 45 is promoted. Following this concept of the three mixing devices 701, 702, 703, a device 730 for filling bulk goods in bulk, for example into bags, solid containers or tank vehicles 740, or a pressing device 750 for converting the treated goods is used for further processing of the treated goods in pressed parts such as feed cubes, pellets etc. This system concept allows the processing, treatment and production of different decontaminated products, especially vegetable feedstuffs, and uses several similar mixing devices according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, 4 resp. 5 a. The material, possibly pretreated and then to be treated according to the invention, is introduced through the inlet device 12 into the mixing chamber 4 of the mixing device 701 designed as a heater, in this through the action of thermal energy during the circulation along the heat-exchanging surfaces that takes place continuously through the screws 20, 40 the walls 11, 25, 45 are treated until the contamination of good is rendered harmless and then discharged from the heater 701 and passed through the distribution device 711 to the next processing stage. This next stage of processing can either be the temperature of the goods during a
10 bestimmten Zeit aufrecht erhaltender Halte-Mischer 702 oder ein die Temperatur des Gutes wieder zurücknehmender Kühlmischer 703 oder eine Pressvorrich¬ tung 750 zur Erzeugung eines Fertigerzeunisses in gepresster Form, besonders Würfel, sein. Um das Gut aus dem Halte-Mischer 702 dem Kühlmischer 703 zuzuführen, wird es durch den zweiten Verteiler 712 geleitet. Hierauf erfolgt im Kühlmischer 703 entlang den auf tiefe Temperatur gebrachten energietau¬ schenden Oberfläche(n) eine Abkühlung des anfallenden Gutes auf eine tiefere Temperatur. Dieses gekühlte Gut wird sodann aus dem Kühlmischer 703 ausge¬ tragen und durch die Abfüllvorrichtung 730 entweder in loser Form in Säcke, Behälter oder Tankfahrzeuge 740 abgefüllt oder einer Pressvorrichtung 750 zugeführt bringt. Da das Gut aus dem Erhitzer 701 auch direkt in den Kühler 703 übergeführt werden kann, ist zwischen diesen beiden eine weiter Ferteilvor- richtung 713 vorgesehen. 10 hold mixer 702, which is maintained for a certain time, or a cooling mixer 703 which reduces the temperature of the goods, or a press device 750 for producing a finished product in pressed form, especially cubes. In order to feed the material from the holding mixer 702 to the cooling mixer 703, it is passed through the second distributor 712. The cooling material 703 is then cooled to a lower temperature along the energy-exchanging surface (s) brought to a low temperature. This cooled material is then discharged from the cooling mixer 703 and filled by the filling device 730 either in bulk into bags, containers or tank vehicles 740 or brought to a pressing device 750. Since the material from the heater 701 can also be transferred directly to the cooler 703, a further separating device 713 is provided between these two.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von fliessfähigem Gut in fester Form durch raschen Uebergang thermischer Energie eines thermischen Mediums an das zu behandelnde Gut, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der rasche Uebergang thermischer Energie eines thermischen Mediums an das zu behandelnde Gut durch dessen Bewegung entlang mindestens einer durch das thermische Medium beaufschlagten energieaustauschenden Ober- , fläche während einer vorgegebenen Temperierungszeit erfolgt und mindestens solange dauert, bis die gesamte Menge des Gutes während einer vorgegebenen Einwirkungszeit auf eine vorgegebene Temperatur gebracht wird.1. A method for the thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form by rapid transfer of thermal energy of a thermal medium to the material to be treated, characterized in that the rapid transfer of thermal energy of a thermal medium to the material to be treated by moving it along at least one the energy-exchanging surface exposed to the thermal medium takes place during a predetermined tempering time and lasts at least until the entire amount of the goods is brought to a predetermined temperature during a predetermined exposure time.
2. Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gut in zerkleinerter Form entlang, vorzugsweise mehreren thermisch beaufschlagten energieaustauschenden Oberflächen dekontaminatiert wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the material is decontaminated in comminuted form along, preferably a plurality of thermally exposed energy-exchanging surfaces.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die thermische Behandlung in zwei Verfahrensstufen erfolgt derart, dass in einer ersten Verfahrensstufe während einer vorbestimmten Einwirkzeit auf eine erhöh¬ te Temperatur gebracht und in einer zweiten Verfahrensstufe bis zur Erreichung einer tieferen Temperatur abgekühlt wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal treatment takes place in two process stages in such a way that in a first process stage is brought to an elevated temperature during a predetermined exposure time and is cooled in a second process stage until a lower temperature is reached.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zusätzlich zur thermischen Behandlung entlang energieaustauschenden Oberfläche das Gut von einem hindurchbewegten strömenden Medium behan¬ delt wird.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to the thermal treatment along the energy-exchanging surface, the material is treated by a flowing medium which is moved through it.
5. Mischvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahren zur thermischen Behand¬ lung von fliessfähigem Gut in fester Form, bestehend aus einem feststehenden Behälter (10), einer in diesem Behälter (10) vertikalachsig rotierend angeordneten Schnecke (20), umfassend eine Einlassvorrichtung (12) im oberen Bereich (22) der rotierenden Schnecke (20) zur Einfüllung von Gut in den Behälter (10), eine5. Mixing device for carrying out the method for the thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form, consisting of a fixed container (10), a screw (20) arranged in this container (10) rotating in a vertical axis, comprising an inlet device (12) in the upper area (22) of the rotating screw (20) for filling material into the container (10), one
12 Auslassvorrichtung (13) im unteren Bereich (23) der rotierenden Schnecke (20) zur Entleerung von Gut aus dem Behälter (10), gesteuert durch den Ein- und Auslassvorrichtüngen (12, 13) einzeln zugeordneten Ein- und Auslassverschlüs¬ sen (121, 131) und mit jedem der Ein- und Auslassverschlüsse (121, 131) zugeord- s neten Verschlussantriebe (122, 132) und Antriebssteuervorrichtungen (123, 133), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schnecke (20) von einem zylindrischen Schneckenmantel (25) umgeben ist, dieser Schneckenmantel (25) als hohlwandig ausgebildet ist, dieser hohlwandige Schneckenmantel (25) mit Ein- und Auslassanschlüssen (112, 113) für die Ver¬ bindung mit einer ein Wärmeträgermedium liefernden Quelle (50) versehen ist, die Wendel (201) der Schnecke (20) bis nahe an die innere Oberfläche des Schneckenmantels (25) reichend ausgebildet ist und aus dem oberen Bereich (22) der Schnecke (20) bis in den unteren Bereich (23) der Schnecke (20) ein diese Endbereiche (22, 23) verbindendender, ausserhalb des Schneckenmantels (25) angeordneter und durch eine Wandung (11) begrenzter Mischraum (4) an¬ geordnet ist.12 Outlet device (13) in the lower area (23) of the rotating screw (20) for emptying material from the container (10), controlled by the inlet and outlet devices (12, 13) individually assigned inlet and outlet closures (121, 131) and with each of the inlet and outlet closures (121, 131) associated closure drives (122, 132) and drive control devices (123, 133), characterized in that the screw (20) is surrounded by a cylindrical screw casing (25) this worm shell (25) is hollow-walled, this hollow-walled worm shell (25) is provided with inlet and outlet connections (112, 113) for connection to a source (50) supplying a heat transfer medium, the helix (201) the worm (20) is designed to extend close to the inner surface of the worm shell (25) and from the upper region (22) of the worm (20) to the lower region (23) of the worm (20) one of these end regions (22 , 23) conn The mixing chamber (4) is arranged outside the screw shell (25) and is delimited by a wall (11).
6. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 0 um den von der Wandung (11) gebildeten Mischraum (4) verteilt mehrere zylind¬ rische Schneckenmäntel (25) mit darin rotierender Schnecke (20) angeordnet sind und an den oberen und unteren Enden der Schneckenmäntel (25) mit darin rotierender Schnecke (20) Verbindungsräume (263, 264) zur kommunizieren¬ den Verbindung mit dem Mischraum (4) vorgesehen sind. 56. Mixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that a plurality of cylindrical screw shells (25) with a screw (20) rotating therein are arranged around the mixing space (4) formed by the wall (11) and at the upper and lower ends the screw shells (25) with the screw (20) rotating therein are provided with communication spaces (263, 264) for communicating with the mixing chamber (4). 5
7. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die den Mischraum (4) umfassende Wandung (11) hohl ausgebildet ist und über Ein- und Auslassanschlüsse (112, 113) in Verbindung mit der einen oder mit einer 0 zusätzlichen Quelle (50, 50') für Wärmeträgermedium verbunden ist.7. A mixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that formed the mixing space (4) broad wall (11) is hollow and inlet and outlet ports (112, 113) in communication with the one or with a 0 additional source (50, 50 ') is connected for the heat transfer medium.
8. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auslassvorrichung (13) eines ersten Behälters (101) mit rotierender Schnecke 5 (20) in einem diese umgebenden Schneckenmantel (25) dessen Temperatur durch thermisches Medium erhöht wird, mit der Einlassvorrichtung (12) eines8. Mixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that the outlet device (13) of a first container (101) with rotating screw 5 (20) in a screw shell (25) surrounding the latter, the temperature of which is increased by thermal medium, with the inlet device (12 ) one
13 zweiten Behälters (102) mit rotierender Schnecke (20) in einem diese umgeben¬ den Schneckenmantel (25), dessen Temperatur durch thermisches Medium er¬ niedrigt wird, durch eine Leitung zur Ueberführung des fliessfähigen Gutes in fester Form aus dem ersten in den zweiten Behälter (101, 102) versehen ist.13 second container (102) with rotating screw (20) in a screw shell (25) surrounding it, the temperature of which is reduced by thermal medium, through a line for transferring the flowable material in solid form from the first to the second container (101, 102) is provided.
9. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im unteren Bereich (23) der Schnecke (20) ein entlang der Wandung (11) des Mischraumes (4) bewegbarer Rakelarm (30) angeordnet ist derart, dass bei dessen Bewegung das Gut aus dem Mischraum(4) in den unteren Bereich (23) der Schnecke (20) gefördert wird.9. Mixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that in the lower region (23) of the screw (20) a along the wall (11) of the mixing chamber (4) movable doctor arm (30) is arranged such that when it moves the material from the mixing chamber (4) is conveyed into the lower region (23) of the screw (20).
10. Fliessfähiges Gut in fester Form, gekennzeichnet durch die Herstellung gemäss dem Verfahren thermischer Behandlung nach Anspruch 1 in einer Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5.10. Flowable material in solid form, characterized by the production according to the thermal treatment method according to claim 1 in a mixing device according to claim 5.
11. Anlage zur Verarbeitung, Behandlung und Erzeugung dekontaminierter ve¬ getabilischer Futtermittel dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine das Gut in die Behandlungsform bringende Verarbeitungsvorrichtung vorge¬ sehen ist, die Verarbeitungsvorrichtung mindestens mit einer Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 zur Erhöhung der Temperatur des Gutes, allenfalls mit einer weiteren Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 zur Erniedrigung der Temperatur des Gutes, und diese mit einer das Gut für die weitere Verwendung in geeignete Form umwandelnde Nachverarbeitungsvorrichtung verbunden ist.11. Plant for the processing, treatment and production of decontaminated vegan feed, characterized in that a processing device which brings the good into the form of treatment is provided, the processing device at least with a mixing device according to claim 5 for increasing the temperature of the good, if necessary with a Another mixing device according to claim 5 for lowering the temperature of the material, and this is connected to a post-processing device converting the material into suitable form for further use.
12. Anlage zur Verarbeitung, Behandlung und Erzeugung dekontaminierter vegetabilischer Futtermittel nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach der Verarbeitungsvorrichtung und der/oder den Mischvorrichtung(en) (101) zur Erhöhung und/oder Erniedrigung der Temperatur des Gutes eine Losegutab- füllvorrichtung und/oder eine Futterwürferpresse angeordnet ist/sind.12. Plant for processing, treatment and production of decontaminated vegetable feed according to claim 11, characterized in that after the processing device and / or the mixing device (s) (101) for increasing and / or lowering the temperature of the goods, a bulk goods filling device and / or a feed thrower press is / are arranged.
14 14
PCT/CH1994/000220 1993-11-12 1994-11-11 Process for the thermal treatment of a pourable solid material, a mixing device for carrying this out and a material produced by this process WO1995013512A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH03394/93A CH686993A5 (en) 1993-11-12 1993-11-12 Process for the thermal treatment of flowable material in solid form, mixing device for its implementation and thereafter made good.
CH3394/93-2 1993-11-12

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CN103522413A (en) * 2013-10-31 2014-01-22 平萍 Pre-blended mortar tank separation-preventing equipment
CN103522413B (en) * 2013-10-31 2016-01-06 平萍 The anti-separating equipment of a kind of premixing mortar tank
CN103657469A (en) * 2013-12-26 2014-03-26 沈阳华盈环保材料有限公司 Large-opening triple helix conical mixer
WO2022084503A1 (en) * 2020-10-23 2022-04-28 Hvidevejs Traktor Aps An apparatus and a method for drying granular material in a granular material accommodating tank

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EP0685057A1 (en) 1995-12-06
CH686993A5 (en) 1996-08-30

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