WO1995010177A1 - Duct for irrigating and/or sprinkling of crop - Google Patents

Duct for irrigating and/or sprinkling of crop Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1995010177A1
WO1995010177A1 PCT/NL1994/000252 NL9400252W WO9510177A1 WO 1995010177 A1 WO1995010177 A1 WO 1995010177A1 NL 9400252 W NL9400252 W NL 9400252W WO 9510177 A1 WO9510177 A1 WO 9510177A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
layer
duct
colour
respect
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL1994/000252
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Petrus Maria Van Hecke
Original Assignee
Draka Polva B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Draka Polva B.V. filed Critical Draka Polva B.V.
Publication of WO1995010177A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995010177A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

  • the invention is related to a duct for the aboveground transportation of a liquid, e.g. for irrigating or sprinkling of crop.
  • a liquid e.g. for irrigating or sprinkling of crop.
  • Such ducts are e.g. applied in greenhouses or warehouses for growing vegetables, flowers and the like.
  • the crop may be planted in soil, or in a substrate of rockwool or granulate.
  • the supply of light, water and heat into the warehouse may be controlled precisely, such that optimal growing results are ensured.
  • the carbondioxide content of the atmosphere in the warehouse may be adapted.
  • the crop may be situated on the bottom of the warehouse or on tables.
  • the water is supplied via ducts hanging in the warehouse above the crop. It is also possible to provide the ducts on the ground. In both cases, the ducts are provided with openings for dosing of water, which openings are situated at regular distances from each other. In this respect, for some time already plastic ducts are applied instead of the usual metal ducts. In practise however, it appears that these plastic ducts do not function in an optimal way. Plastic ducts, which are mainly grey or black, take away part of the light falling into the warehouse, which is disadvantageous for the growth of the crop. Moreover, the temperature of such dark coloured ducts may increase considerably in case they are exposed to the sun, leading to a higher water temperature. As a consequence, algal growth occurs in the internal space of the ducts, which may lead to occlusions. Moreover, on the outer surface of the ducts, moss growth may occur, which still aggravates the danger of occlusion.
  • fertilizers or growth compounds and compounds for fighting parasites are often dissolved in the water. Possible occlusions therefore also lead to a disturbance in the proper dosing of these substances.
  • concentration of those substances in particular may increase in an uncontrollable way in case the water is circulated, which make the water brackish and may lead to crystallisation.
  • supplemental measures have to be taken leading to higher exploitation costs.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a duct which lacks these disadvantages.
  • This object is achieved in that the duct is provided with a light reflecting outer side as well as a barrier which is essentially impenetrable for light and which lies inwards with respect to said outer side.
  • the wall of the duct prefferably, provision is made for the wall of the duct to have a layered structure, the outer layer of which having a light colour and the layer bordering said outer layer and lying more towards the inside having a dark colour.
  • every light reflecting layer or layer with a light colour may be white, and every layer which is essentially impenetrable with respect to the light or is dark may be black.
  • the several layers of the duct preferably consist of a thermoplastic polymer, such as unplasticized polyvinylchloride.
  • the invention is also related to a method for manufacturing a layered duct as described before. According to this method, the outer layer as well as the adjoining layer which lies more towards the inside are coextruded, whereby a plastic material with a light colour is applied for the outer layer, and a plastic material with a dark colour is applied for the adjoining layer.
  • the invention is related to a greenhouse or warehouse for growing crop, comprising an irrigating or sprinkling system of ducts having water dosing openings.
  • the ducts are provided with a light reflecting outer side as well as a barrier which is essentially impenetrable with respect to light and which is lying * internally with respect to the outer side.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section through a warehouse having an sprinkling system according to the invention.
  • FIG 2 shows a cross section according to II-II of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative cross section.
  • the greenhouse shown in figure 1 comprises a roof 1 supported by post 2, which roof comprises glass bars as well as glass panels.
  • the outer, vertical walls of the greenhouse may comprise glass panels as well.
  • cultivating tables 4 are situated which carry plants 5. which are planted in soil or a substrate like rockwool or granulate contained in plant pots. In case the ground 3 consist of soil, the plant may of course also be planted directly in the soil itself.
  • a system 6 comprising mains
  • the mains 7 feed the water to the sprinkling tubes 8, which are each provided with water dosing openings 9 for sprinkling the plants 5-
  • the ducts 7. 8 each have an outer layer 10 and an inner layer 11 as shown in figure 2.
  • the outer layer 10 consists of a plastic material with a light or white colour;
  • the inner layer 11 consists of a plastic material having a dark or black colour.
  • the white or light colour of the outer plastic layer 10 ensures that any light falling into the greenhouse is reflected, i.g. reflected onto the plants 5- Thereby, the disadvantageous shadow effect of the mains 5. 7 and the ducts 8 in the overhead space of the greenhouse is compensated for.
  • any light still penetrating through the light coloured outer layer 10 is stopped by the dark coloured or black inner layer 11, in such a way that the internal space 12 of the mains 7 or ducts 8 is virtually completely dark.
  • the internal space 12 is kept relatively cool on the one hand due to the light reflecting properties of the white outer layer 10, and on the other hand algal growth in the internal space 12 is also inhibited due to the fact that light penetration is prevented by the black inner layer 11.
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment for the mains 7 and ducts 8.
  • a light coloured or white outer layer 10 together with a dark coloured or black intermediate layer 11 as well as a light coloured or white inner layer 13 are provided.
  • This embodiment has the same beneficial effect as the embodiment shown in figure 2.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

A duct (7, 8) for the aboveground transportation of a liquid, e.g. for irrigating or sprinkling of crop is provided with a light reflecting outer side (10) as well as a barrier (11) which is essentially impenetrable for light and which lies inwards with respect to said outer side. Thereby, the shadow effect of the duct is compensated and the temperature of duct and liquid are kept low. Moreover, due to the absence of light in the interior of the duct, no algal growth will occur.

Description

Duct for irrigating and/or sprinkling of crop
The invention is related to a duct for the aboveground transportation of a liquid, e.g. for irrigating or sprinkling of crop. Such ducts are e.g. applied in greenhouses or warehouses for growing vegetables, flowers and the like. In such cases the crop may be planted in soil, or in a substrate of rockwool or granulate. Moreover, the supply of light, water and heat into the warehouse may be controlled precisely, such that optimal growing results are ensured. In this ' respect, also the carbondioxide content of the atmosphere in the warehouse may be adapted. The crop may be situated on the bottom of the warehouse or on tables.
Mainly, the water is supplied via ducts hanging in the warehouse above the crop. It is also possible to provide the ducts on the ground. In both cases, the ducts are provided with openings for dosing of water, which openings are situated at regular distances from each other. In this respect, for some time already plastic ducts are applied instead of the usual metal ducts. In practise however, it appears that these plastic ducts do not function in an optimal way. Plastic ducts, which are mainly grey or black, take away part of the light falling into the warehouse, which is disadvantageous for the growth of the crop. Moreover, the temperature of such dark coloured ducts may increase considerably in case they are exposed to the sun, leading to a higher water temperature. As a consequence, algal growth occurs in the internal space of the ducts, which may lead to occlusions. Moreover, on the outer surface of the ducts, moss growth may occur, which still aggravates the danger of occlusion.
Furthermore, fertilizers or growth compounds and compounds for fighting parasites are often dissolved in the water. Possible occlusions therefore also lead to a disturbance in the proper dosing of these substances. The concentration of those substances in particular may increase in an uncontrollable way in case the water is circulated, which make the water brackish and may lead to crystallisation. In order to prevent environmental problems, supplemental measures have to be taken leading to higher exploitation costs.
The object of the invention is therefore to provide a duct which lacks these disadvantages. This object is achieved in that the duct is provided with a light reflecting outer side as well as a barrier which is essentially impenetrable for light and which lies inwards with respect to said outer side.
Any light falling on the duct, i.e. sunlight as well as artificial light, is reflected, thus compensating the disadvantages of the shadow effect of the duct. Moreover, the temperature of the duct stays relatively low thanks to the light reflecting effect, as a result of which the water therein does not become warm.
Any light which still may penetrate is stopped by the barrier. As a result, the internal space of the duct is almost completely dark, whereby no algal growth can occur.
Preferably, provision is made for the wall of the duct to have a layered structure, the outer layer of which having a light colour and the layer bordering said outer layer and lying more towards the inside having a dark colour. In this respect, every light reflecting layer or layer with a light colour may be white, and every layer which is essentially impenetrable with respect to the light or is dark may be black.
The several layers of the duct preferably consist of a thermoplastic polymer, such as unplasticized polyvinylchloride. The invention is also related to a method for manufacturing a layered duct as described before. According to this method, the outer layer as well as the adjoining layer which lies more towards the inside are coextruded, whereby a plastic material with a light colour is applied for the outer layer, and a plastic material with a dark colour is applied for the adjoining layer.
Supplementary, also a third inner layer may be coextruded. Furthermore, the invention is related to a greenhouse or warehouse for growing crop, comprising an irrigating or sprinkling system of ducts having water dosing openings. According to the invention, the ducts are provided with a light reflecting outer side as well as a barrier which is essentially impenetrable with respect to light and which is lying* internally with respect to the outer side.
Subsequently, a number of embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the figures. Figure 1 shows a cross section through a warehouse having an sprinkling system according to the invention.
Figure 2 shows a cross section according to II-II of Figure 1. Figure 3 shows an alternative cross section. The greenhouse shown in figure 1 comprises a roof 1 supported by post 2, which roof comprises glass bars as well as glass panels. The outer, vertical walls of the greenhouse may comprise glass panels as well. On the ground 3 of the warehouse, cultivating tables 4 are situated which carry plants 5. which are planted in soil or a substrate like rockwool or granulate contained in plant pots. In case the ground 3 consist of soil, the plant may of course also be planted directly in the soil itself. Overhead with respect to the tables 4 a system 6 comprising mains
7 for the transportation of water is mounted. As shown in figure 1, the mains 7 feed the water to the sprinkling tubes 8, which are each provided with water dosing openings 9 for sprinkling the plants 5-
According to the invention, the ducts 7. 8 each have an outer layer 10 and an inner layer 11 as shown in figure 2. The outer layer 10 consists of a plastic material with a light or white colour; the inner layer 11 consists of a plastic material having a dark or black colour. The white or light colour of the outer plastic layer 10 ensures that any light falling into the greenhouse is reflected, i.g. reflected onto the plants 5- Thereby, the disadvantageous shadow effect of the mains 5. 7 and the ducts 8 in the overhead space of the greenhouse is compensated for.
Moreover, any light still penetrating through the light coloured outer layer 10 is stopped by the dark coloured or black inner layer 11, in such a way that the internal space 12 of the mains 7 or ducts 8 is virtually completely dark. As a consequence, the internal space 12 is kept relatively cool on the one hand due to the light reflecting properties of the white outer layer 10, and on the other hand algal growth in the internal space 12 is also inhibited due to the fact that light penetration is prevented by the black inner layer 11.
Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment for the mains 7 and ducts 8. Here, a light coloured or white outer layer 10 together with a dark coloured or black intermediate layer 11 as well as a light coloured or white inner layer 13 are provided. This embodiment has the same beneficial effect as the embodiment shown in figure 2.

Claims

1. Duct for the aboveground transportation of a liquid, e.g. for irrigating or sprinkling of crop characterized in that the duct is provided with a light reflecting outer side as well as a barrier which is essentially impenetrable for light and which lies inwards with respect to said outer side.
2. Duct according to claim 1, wherein the wall of the duct has a layered structure, the outer layer of which having a light colour and the layer bordering said outer layer and lying more towards the inside having a dark colour.
3- Duct according to claim 2, wherein inside the layer which is essentially impenetrable for light, a third layer with a light colour has been provided.
■4. Duct according to any of the preceding claims, wherein every light reflecting layer or layer with a light colour is white, and every layer which is essentially impenetrable with respect to the light or dark is black.
5. Duct according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the layers of the duct preferably consist of a thermoplastic polymer, such as unplasticized polyvinylchloride.
6. Method for manufacturing a layered duct according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the outer layer as well as the adjoining layer which lies inwards are coextruded, whereby a plastic material with a light colour is applied for the outer layer, and a plastic material with a dark colour is applied for the adjoining layer.
7. Method according to claim 6, wherein also a third inner layer is coextruded.
8. Greenhouse or warehouse for growing crop, comprising an irrigating or sprinkling system of ducts according to any of the claims 1-5. and having water dosing openings, wherein the ducts are provided with a light reflecting outer side as well as a barrier which is essentially impenetrable with respect to light and which is lying internally with respect to the outer side.
PCT/NL1994/000252 1993-10-14 1994-10-14 Duct for irrigating and/or sprinkling of crop WO1995010177A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9301776 1993-10-14
NL9301776A NL9301776A (en) 1993-10-14 1993-10-14 Pipeline for irrigation and sprinkling of crops.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995010177A1 true WO1995010177A1 (en) 1995-04-20

Family

ID=19863008

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NL1994/000252 WO1995010177A1 (en) 1993-10-14 1994-10-14 Duct for irrigating and/or sprinkling of crop

Country Status (3)

Country Link
IL (1) IL111306A0 (en)
NL (1) NL9301776A (en)
WO (1) WO1995010177A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004098269A2 (en) * 2003-05-08 2004-11-18 Netafim (A.C.S.) Ltd. Low-pressure irrigation system
US7048010B2 (en) 2003-05-08 2006-05-23 Netafim (A.C.S.) Ltd. Drip irrigation system
JP2015167481A (en) * 2014-03-05 2015-09-28 Ckd株式会社 Fluid supplying nozzle

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4317539A (en) * 1979-11-30 1982-03-02 Pollock Keith B Trickle irrigation
WO1985000003A1 (en) * 1983-06-16 1985-01-03 Bernard Sanders A hose for distributing liquid to plants
EP0378335A1 (en) * 1989-01-07 1990-07-18 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Tube having holes and method for manufacturing the same
NL8901195A (en) * 1989-05-11 1990-12-03 Bom P L J Beheer Bv Warehouse roof, guttering construction - has rust-proof material sections with white top coating

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH678476A5 (en) * 1986-04-11 1991-09-30 Maillefer Sa

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4317539A (en) * 1979-11-30 1982-03-02 Pollock Keith B Trickle irrigation
WO1985000003A1 (en) * 1983-06-16 1985-01-03 Bernard Sanders A hose for distributing liquid to plants
EP0378335A1 (en) * 1989-01-07 1990-07-18 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Tube having holes and method for manufacturing the same
NL8901195A (en) * 1989-05-11 1990-12-03 Bom P L J Beheer Bv Warehouse roof, guttering construction - has rust-proof material sections with white top coating

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004098269A2 (en) * 2003-05-08 2004-11-18 Netafim (A.C.S.) Ltd. Low-pressure irrigation system
WO2004098269A3 (en) * 2003-05-08 2005-04-07 Netafim A C S Ltd Low-pressure irrigation system
US7048010B2 (en) 2003-05-08 2006-05-23 Netafim (A.C.S.) Ltd. Drip irrigation system
AU2004236583B2 (en) * 2003-05-08 2010-07-01 Netafim Ltd. Low-pressure irrigation system
JP2015167481A (en) * 2014-03-05 2015-09-28 Ckd株式会社 Fluid supplying nozzle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL9301776A (en) 1995-05-01
IL111306A0 (en) 1994-12-29

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