WO1995009825A1 - Gas developing agent - Google Patents

Gas developing agent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995009825A1
WO1995009825A1 PCT/DE1994/001184 DE9401184W WO9509825A1 WO 1995009825 A1 WO1995009825 A1 WO 1995009825A1 DE 9401184 W DE9401184 W DE 9401184W WO 9509825 A1 WO9509825 A1 WO 9509825A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas generator
component
generator fuel
fuel according
nitrate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1994/001184
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Eduard Gast
Peter Semmler
Bernhard Schmid
Original Assignee
Nigu Chemie Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nigu Chemie Gmbh filed Critical Nigu Chemie Gmbh
Priority to JP7510558A priority Critical patent/JPH09503195A/en
Priority to PL94313943A priority patent/PL175606B1/en
Priority to SK455-96A priority patent/SK45596A3/en
Priority to BR9407761A priority patent/BR9407761A/en
Priority to DE59408048T priority patent/DE59408048D1/en
Priority to EP94928758A priority patent/EP0722429B1/en
Priority to AU78066/94A priority patent/AU687895B2/en
Publication of WO1995009825A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995009825A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/06—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires containing gas-producing, chemically-reactive components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to solid gas generator fuels based on guanidine compounds on suitable carriers.
  • JP H5-254977 discloses gas generator fuels for airbags based on triaminoguanidine nitrate (TAGN), which can additionally contain oxidizing agents such as alkali and alkaline earth nitrates, nitrites, chlorates or perchlorates.
  • TAGN triaminoguanidine nitrate
  • Molybdenum sulfide can be contained as a further component as a binder.
  • connection with heavy metals does not form friction and impact sensitive salts.
  • the rate of combustion of the gas generator fuels should be possible by varying the compression pressure during the production of pellets or tablets from the component mixture.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing improved gas generator fuels whose combustion behavior can be set in a targeted manner and which form a readily retained slag during combustion and the formation of toxic gases Limit the minimum.
  • the gas generator fuels should be thermally stable, easy to ignite, fast - even at low temperature - burning and well storable and guarantee a high gas yield.
  • these gas generator fuels should make it possible to downsize the generator housing and thus reduce its weight compared to known generators operated with sodium azide.
  • a gas generator fuel comprising (A) at least one carbonate, hydrogen carbonate or nitrate of guanidine,
  • Aminoguanidine, diaminoguanidine or triaminoguanidine is Aminoguanidine, diaminoguanidine or triaminoguanidine,
  • (C) at least one carrier substance selected from silicon dioxide, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or aluminum oxide and / or at least its oxygen-supplying carrier substance selected from iron (III) oxide, cobalt oxides, manganese dioxide and copper (II) oxide , to moderate the burning and to improve the formation of slag.
  • carrier substance selected from silicon dioxide, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or aluminum oxide and / or at least its oxygen-supplying carrier substance selected from iron (III) oxide, cobalt oxides, manganese dioxide and copper (II) oxide , to moderate the burning and to improve the formation of slag.
  • component (A) carbonates, hydrogen carbonates or nitrates of
  • Guanidine, aminoguanidine, diaminoguanidine or triaminoguanidine (TAGN) or mixtures thereof can be used.
  • TAGN is preferably used.
  • TAGN is practically non-toxic (LD 50 > 3500 mg / kg rat), not hygroscopic, not very water-soluble, thermally stable, burning at low temperature and of low sensitivity to impact and friction.
  • the gas yield from the combustion of TAGN is very high, with a large proportion of nitrogen gas being generated.
  • 1 to 50% by weight of the TAGN can be replaced by nitroguanidine.
  • the cost of component (A) can thus be reduced and favorable combustion behavior can be achieved, since nitroguanidine has a lower combustion rate than TAGN.
  • component (B) alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrates, ammonium nitrate and mixtures thereof can be used.
  • Potassium nitrate is preferably used. Potassium nitrate is non-hygroscopic, non-toxic, enables a high gas yield and low burning temperature when burned.
  • Component (A) is in the mixture of (A) and (B) in an amount of about 20 to 55, preferably about 50 to 55% by weight, component (B) in an amount of about 80 to 45, preferably about 50 up to 45% by weight.
  • Component (A) is preferably present in an amount of approximately 50 to 55% by weight and component (B) in an amount of approximately 50 to 45% by weight.
  • Silicon dioxide, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or aluminum silicates or mixtures thereof can be used as the carrier substance, component (C).
  • Examples include Aerosil 200 and Aerosil 300, highly disperse silica and diatomaceous earth (diatomaceous earth).
  • the preferred carrier substance is silica with a pH of about 7.
  • Oxygen-providing carrier substances such as
  • Iron (III) oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide and copper (II) oxide or mixtures thereof can be used.
  • the preferred oxygen-supplying carrier is iron (III) oxide.
  • Component (C) is based on the total amount of components (A) and
  • iron (III) oxide is used as the oxygen-supplying carrier substance (C), it is present in an amount of about 20 to 40, preferably about 25 to 35,% by weight, based on the total amount of components (A) and (B).
  • Component (C) serves to moderate the burnup, i.e. for setting the burn rate. At the same time, slag or melt formation is improved.
  • the slag formation is, for example, at
  • An airbag essentially consists of a gas generator housing, which is filled with the gas generator fuel, usually in tablet form, and an initial squib for igniting the gas generator fuel, and a gas bag. Suitable detonators are described, for example, in Us-Ps 49 31 1 1 1.
  • the initially small-folded gas bag is filled with the gases generated when the gas generator fuel burns after the initial ignition and reaches its full volume in a period of about 10-50 ms.
  • the escape of hot sparks, melts or solids from the gas generator into the gas bag must be largely prevented, since it could lead to the gas bag being destroyed or injuring vehicle occupants. This is achieved through the formation of slag.
  • Respirable dust-like particles have a diameter of about 6 ⁇ m or less.
  • the oxygen-supplying carrier substances also suppress the formation of toxic gases such as carbon monoid during combustion.
  • the gas generator fuel can also be used as component (D)
  • binders are cellulose compounds or polymers made from one or more polymerizable olefinically unsaturated monomers.
  • cellulose compounds are cellulose ethers, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose ethers, in particular methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose.
  • a well-usable methylhydroxyethyl cellulose is CULMINAL (R) MHEC 30000 PR from Fi rm Aq ualon.
  • Adequate poly risits w ith linkage are polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and polycarbonates.
  • Component (D) is based on the total amount of components (A) and
  • the binder (D) serves as a desensitizing agent and as a processing aid in the production of granules or tablets from the gas generator fuel. It also serves to reduce the hydrophilicity and to stabilize the binder (D).
  • the tablets or pellets from the gas generator fuel used in the gas generators can be produced by known processes, for example by extrusion, extrusion, in rotary presses or
  • Tableting machines The size of the pellets or tablets depends on the desired burning time in the respective application.
  • triaminoguanidine nitrate TAG N
  • Nitroguanidine as well as potassium nitrate and possibly cellulose ether are dissolved in as little water as possible at 90 ° C. and iron oxide and / or silicon dioxide with an average grain size of approx. 1 ⁇ m are stirred into the solution. After predrying at 60 ° C. and 16 hPa with mechanical agitation, the mixture is crushed while still moist and then, after drying at 60 ° C., compressed with a tabletting machine into tablets 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height.
  • Table II shows an overview of the calculated reaction parameters. A high reaction temperature occurs in mixture 5 and especially in mixture 6.
  • Table III shows an overview of the reaction products formed during the combustion and their amounts.
  • Tab IM reaction products at 298 K. Freeze-Out-Temp. 1,500 K
  • HCN 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 NH 3 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.002 0.000 0.000 KOH 0.086 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.053 0.101 K 2 C0 3 21.014 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.150 31.997
  • Table IV shows test results on the sensitivity to decomposition, stability, slag formation and the combustion behavior of the various mixtures. Mixtures 1 to 5 showed good to very good burning behavior, especially with regard to a constant high burning rate. For the
  • Comparative mixture 6 which contains neither silicon dioxide nor iron (III) oxide as component (C), could only be found to show inadequate slag formation and inadequate combustion behavior.
  • Tab IV Test results mixture 1
  • Gas generator housing made of aluminum for a 60 liter airbag, provided with a hole for pressure measurement, carried out in a 60 liter can.
  • the test temperature for test 1 was -35 ° C.
  • the propellant weight was 51.0 g.
  • the propellant consisted of tablets with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 2 mm.
  • FIG. 1 shows the pressure in the combustion chamber in units of 10 5 Pascals as a function of the time after ignition in milliseconds.
  • the pressure builds up within approx. 1.5 ms and the pressure drop to half the maximum pressure occurs after approx. 27 ms.
  • the maximum pressure is 1.88 * 10 7 Pa, it is reached after 12.3 ms.
  • test burns of mixture 2 were carried out in a Euro gas generator housing made of aluminum for a 35 liter airbag, provided with a bore for pressure measurement, in a 60 liter can.
  • the test temperature in test 2 was -35 ° C, in test 3 + 20 ° C.
  • the propellant weight was 41.0 g in test 2 and 30.0 g in test 3.
  • Propellant consisted of tablets with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 2 mm.
  • FIG. 2 shows the pressure in the combustion chamber in units of 10 5 Pascals as a function of the time after ignition in milliseconds.
  • the pressure builds up within approx. 1.5 ms and the pressure drop to half the maximum pressure occurs after approx. 27 ms.
  • the maximum pressure was 1.45 * 10 7 Pa, it was reached after 15.7 ms.
  • FIG. 3 shows the pressure in the combustion chamber in units of 10 5 Pascal as a function of the time after ignition in milliseconds.
  • the pressure builds up within approx. 1.5 ms and the pressure drop to half the maximum pressure occurs after approx. 27 ms.
  • the maximum pressure was 1.33 * 10 7 Pa, it was reached after 7.5 ms.
  • the gas generator fuel according to the invention consists of non-toxic, easily manufactured and inexpensive components, the processing of which is unproblematic. Their thermal stability ensures good shelf life. Despite the low combustion temperature, the ignitability of the mixtures is good. They burn quickly and deliver large gas yields with very low CO and NO proportions.
  • the mixtures according to the invention are therefore for use as
  • Gas generating agent in the various airbag systems particularly suitable as an extinguishing agent or propellant.
  • the gas generator fuels are easily recyclable.

Abstract

A gas developing agent, in particular for airbags, contains (A) at least one carbonate, hydrogen carbonate or nitrate of guanidine, aminoguanidine, diaminoguanidine or triaminoguanidine; (B) at least one alkaline or alkaline earth nitrate or ammonium nitrate as oxidising agent; and (C) at least one carrier selected among silicon dioxide, alkaline, alkaline earth or aluminosilicates, and/or at least one oxygen-supplying carrier selected among ferric oxide, cobalt oxides, manganese dioxide and cupric oxide, to moderate combustion and improve ash formation. This gas developing agent has improved combustion and ash formation.

Description

Gasgeneratortreibstoff Gas generator fuel
Die Erf indung betrifft feste G asgeneratortreibstoffe auf Basis von Guanidinverbindungen auf geeigneten Trägern.The invention relates to solid gas generator fuels based on guanidine compounds on suitable carriers.
Aus der JP H5-254977 sind Gasgeneratortreibstoffe für Airbags auf der Basis von Triaminoguanidinnitrat (TAGN) bekannt, die zusätzlich Oxidationsmittel wie Alkali- und Eralkalinitrate, -nitrite, -chlorate oder -perchlorate enthalten können. Als weitere Komponente kann als Bindemittel Molybdänsulfid enthalten sein. Der Vorteil der Verwendung von TAGN anstelle des bekannten Natriumazids liegt in der Ungiftigkeit und ebenfalls guten Stabilität von TAGN, das zudem inJP H5-254977 discloses gas generator fuels for airbags based on triaminoguanidine nitrate (TAGN), which can additionally contain oxidizing agents such as alkali and alkaline earth nitrates, nitrites, chlorates or perchlorates. Molybdenum sulfide can be contained as a further component as a binder. The advantage of using TAGN instead of the known sodium azide lies in the non-toxicity and also good stability of TAGN, which is also in
Verbindung mit Schwermetallen keine reib- und schlagempfindlichen Salze bildet. Die Abbrandrate der Gasgeneratortreibstoffe soll über eine Variation des Verpressdrucks während der Herstellung von Pellets oder Tabletten aus dem Komponentengemisch möglich sein.Connection with heavy metals does not form friction and impact sensitive salts. The rate of combustion of the gas generator fuels should be possible by varying the compression pressure during the production of pellets or tablets from the component mixture.
Nachteile derartiger Gasgeneratortreibstoffe sind eine immer noch unzureichende Steuerbarkeit des Abbrandes, die Entwicklung toxischer Gase wie CO und eine mangelhafte Schlackenbildung beim Abbrand, die zu einer erhöhten Entwicklung von Stäuben führt, die teilweise lungengängig sind.Disadvantages of such gas generator fuels are still inadequate controllability of the burnup, the development of toxic gases such as CO and inadequate formation of slag during the burnup, which leads to an increased development of dusts which are sometimes respirable.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt gegenüber der JP H5-254977 die Aufgabe zugrunde, verbesserte Gasgeneratortreibstoffe bereitzustellen, deren Abbrandverhalten sich gezielt einstellen läßt und die beim Abbrand eine gut zurückhaltbare Schlacke bilden und die Entstehung toxischer Gase auf ein Minimum beschränken. Die Gasgeneratortreibstoffe sollen thermisch stabil, gut anzündbar, schnell - auch bei niedriger Temperatur - brennend und gut lagerfähig sein und eine hohe Gasausbeute gewährleisten . Zudem sollen diese Gasgeneratortreibstoffe eine Verkleinerung der Generatorgehäuse und somit deren Gewichtsverminderung im Vergleich zu bekannten mit Natriumazid betriebenen Generatoren ermöglichen.Compared to JP H5-254977, the present invention is based on the object of providing improved gas generator fuels whose combustion behavior can be set in a targeted manner and which form a readily retained slag during combustion and the formation of toxic gases Limit the minimum. The gas generator fuels should be thermally stable, easy to ignite, fast - even at low temperature - burning and well storable and guarantee a high gas yield. In addition, these gas generator fuels should make it possible to downsize the generator housing and thus reduce its weight compared to known generators operated with sodium azide.
Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Aufgaben durch einen Gasgeneratortreibstoff gelöst, umfassend (A) mindestens ein Carbonat, Hydrogencarbonat oder Nitrat von Guanidin,According to the invention, these objects are achieved by a gas generator fuel comprising (A) at least one carbonate, hydrogen carbonate or nitrate of guanidine,
Aminoguanidin, Diaminoguanidin oder Triaminoguanidin,Aminoguanidine, diaminoguanidine or triaminoguanidine,
(B) mindestens ein Alkali- oder Erdalkalinitrat oder Ammoniumnitrat als Oxidationsmittel, und(B) at least one alkali or alkaline earth nitrate or ammonium nitrate as the oxidizing agent, and
(C) mindestens eine Trägersubstanz, ausgewählt aus Siliciumdioxid, Alkali-, E r d a l ka l i - o d e r A l u m os i l i kat e n u n d /o d e r m i n d e st e n s e i n e sauerstoffliefernde Trägersubstanz, ausgewählt aus Eisen(lll)oxid, Kobaltoxiden, Mangandioxid und Kupfer(ll)oxid, zur Moderation des Abbrandes und zur Verbesserung der Schlackenbildung.(C) at least one carrier substance selected from silicon dioxide, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or aluminum oxide and / or at least its oxygen-supplying carrier substance selected from iron (III) oxide, cobalt oxides, manganese dioxide and copper (II) oxide , to moderate the burning and to improve the formation of slag.
Als Komponnte (A) können Carbonate, Hydrogencarbonate oder Nitrate vonAs component (A), carbonates, hydrogen carbonates or nitrates of
Guanidin, Aminoguanidin, Diaminoguanidin oder Triaminoguanidin (TAGN) oder deren Gemische verwendet werden. Bevorzugt wird TAGN verwendet. TAGN ist praktisch ungiftig (LD50 > 3500 mg/kg Ratte), nicht hygroskopisch, wenig wasserlöslich, thermisch stabil, bei niedriger Temperatur verbrennend und von geringer Schlag- und Reibempfindlichkeit. Die Gasausbeute bei der Verbrennung von TAGN ist sehr hoch, wobei ein großer Anteil an Stickstoffgas entsteht. Wahlweise kann das TAGN zu 1 bis 50 Gew.-% durch Nitroguanidin ersetzt werden. Damit können die Kosten der Komponente (A) vermindert werden und ein günstiges Abbrandverhalten erzielt werden, da Nitroguanidin eine geringere Abbrandrate aufweist als TAGN. Als Oxidationsmittel, Komponente (B), können Alkali- oder Erdalkalinitrate, Ammoniumnitrat und deren Gemische verwendet werden. Vorzugsweise wird Kaliumnitrat verwendet. Kaliumnitrat ist nicht hygroskopisch, nicht toxisch, ermöglicht beim Abbrand eine hohe Gasausbeute und niedrige Abbrandtemperatur.Guanidine, aminoguanidine, diaminoguanidine or triaminoguanidine (TAGN) or mixtures thereof can be used. TAGN is preferably used. TAGN is practically non-toxic (LD 50 > 3500 mg / kg rat), not hygroscopic, not very water-soluble, thermally stable, burning at low temperature and of low sensitivity to impact and friction. The gas yield from the combustion of TAGN is very high, with a large proportion of nitrogen gas being generated. Optionally, 1 to 50% by weight of the TAGN can be replaced by nitroguanidine. The cost of component (A) can thus be reduced and favorable combustion behavior can be achieved, since nitroguanidine has a lower combustion rate than TAGN. As the oxidizing agent, component (B), alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrates, ammonium nitrate and mixtures thereof can be used. Potassium nitrate is preferably used. Potassium nitrate is non-hygroscopic, non-toxic, enables a high gas yield and low burning temperature when burned.
Komponente (A) liegt im Gemisch von (A) und (B) in einer Menge von etwa 20 bis 55, vorzugsweise etwa 50 bis 55 Gew.-%, Komponente (B) in einer Menge von etwa 80 bis 45, vorzugsweise etwa 50 bis 45 Gew.-% vor. Bevorzugt liegt Komponente (A) in einer Menge von etwa 50 bis 55 Gew.-% und Komponente (B) in einer Menge von etwa 50 bis 45 Gew.-% vor.Component (A) is in the mixture of (A) and (B) in an amount of about 20 to 55, preferably about 50 to 55% by weight, component (B) in an amount of about 80 to 45, preferably about 50 up to 45% by weight. Component (A) is preferably present in an amount of approximately 50 to 55% by weight and component (B) in an amount of approximately 50 to 45% by weight.
Als Trägersubstanz, Komponente (C), können Siliciumdioxid, Alkali-, Erdalkali¬ oder Alumosilikate oder deren Gemische verwendet werden. Beispiele hierfür sind Aerosil 200 und Aerosil 300, hochdisperse Kieselsäure und Kieselgur (Diatomeenerde). Bevorzugte Trägersubstanz ist Kieselsäure mit einem pH-Wert von etwa 7.Silicon dioxide, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or aluminum silicates or mixtures thereof can be used as the carrier substance, component (C). Examples include Aerosil 200 and Aerosil 300, highly disperse silica and diatomaceous earth (diatomaceous earth). The preferred carrier substance is silica with a pH of about 7.
Als Komponente (C) können auch sauerstoffliefernde Trägersubstanzen wieOxygen-providing carrier substances such as
Eisen(lll)oxid, Kobaltoxide, Mangandioxid und Kupfer(ll)oxid oder deren Gemische verwendet werden. Die bevorzugte sauerstoffliefernde Trägersubstanz ist Eisen(lll)oxid.Iron (III) oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide and copper (II) oxide or mixtures thereof can be used. The preferred oxygen-supplying carrier is iron (III) oxide.
Komponente (C) liegt bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Komponenten (A) undComponent (C) is based on the total amount of components (A) and
(B) in einer Menge von etwa 5 bis 45, vorzugsweise etwa 8 bis 20 Gew.-% vor.(B) in an amount of about 5 to 45, preferably about 8 to 20% by weight.
Wird Eisen(lll)oxid als sauerstoffliefernde Trägersubstanz (C) verwendet, so liegt sie bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Komponenten (A) und (B) in einer Menge von etwa 20 bis 40, vorzugsweise etwa 25 bis 35 Gew.-% vor.If iron (III) oxide is used as the oxygen-supplying carrier substance (C), it is present in an amount of about 20 to 40, preferably about 25 to 35,% by weight, based on the total amount of components (A) and (B).
Komponente (C) dient zur Moderation des Abbrandes, d.h. zur Einstellung der Abbrandgeschwindigkeit. Gleichzeitig wird die Schlacken- oder Schmelzenbildung verbessert. Die Schlackenbildung ist beispielsweise beimComponent (C) serves to moderate the burnup, i.e. for setting the burn rate. At the same time, slag or melt formation is improved. The slag formation is, for example, at
Airbag unbedingt nötig. Ein Airbag besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Gasgeneratorgehäuse, das mit dem Gasgeneratortreibstoff, in der Regel in Tablettenform, gefüllt ist, und einem Initialzünder (squib) zur Zündung des Gasgeneratortreibstoff, sowie einem Gassack. Geeignete Zünder sind beispielsweise in der Us-Ps 49 31 1 1 1 beschrieben. Der zunächst kleingefaltete Gassack wird nach der Initialzündung von den beim Abbrand des Gasgeneratortreibstoffs entstehenden Gasen gefüllt und erreicht in einem Zeitraum von etwa 10-50 ms sein volles Volumen. Der Austritt von heißen Funken, Schmelzen oder Festkörpern aus dem Gasgenerator in den Gassack muß weitgehend verhindert werden, da er zu einer Zerstörung des Gassacks oder zur Verletzung von Fahrzeuginsassen führen könnte. Dies wird durch die Schlackenbildung erreicht.Airbag absolutely necessary. An airbag essentially consists of a gas generator housing, which is filled with the gas generator fuel, usually in tablet form, and an initial squib for igniting the gas generator fuel, and a gas bag. Suitable detonators are described, for example, in Us-Ps 49 31 1 1 1. The initially small-folded gas bag is filled with the gases generated when the gas generator fuel burns after the initial ignition and reaches its full volume in a period of about 10-50 ms. The escape of hot sparks, melts or solids from the gas generator into the gas bag must be largely prevented, since it could lead to the gas bag being destroyed or injuring vehicle occupants. This is achieved through the formation of slag.
G leichzeitig wird durch Bildung von Schlacken das Entstehen von lungengängigen staubförmigen Anteilen vermindert, die aus dem Gasgenerator eines Airbags austreten könnten. Lungengängige staubförmige Teilchen haben einen Durchmesser von etwa 6 μm oder weniger. Die sauerstoffliefernden Trägersubstanzen unterdrücken zusätzlich die Bildung toxischer Gase wie Kohlenmonoid beim Abbrand.At the same time, the formation of respirable dust-like particles that could escape from the gas generator of an airbag is reduced by the formation of slags. Respirable dust-like particles have a diameter of about 6 μm or less. The oxygen-supplying carrier substances also suppress the formation of toxic gases such as carbon monoid during combustion.
Wahlweise kann der Gasgeneratortreibstoff ferner als Komponente (D) ein inOptionally, the gas generator fuel can also be used as component (D)
Wasser bei Raumtemperatur lösliches Bindemittel enthalten. Bevorzugte Bindemittel sind Celluloseverbindungen oder Polymerisate aus einem oder mehreren polymerisierbaren olefinisch ungesättigten Monomeren. Beispiel für Celluloseverbindungen sind Celluloseether, wie Carboxymethylcellulose, Methylcelluloseether, insbesondere Methylhydroxyethylcellulose. Eine gut verwendbare Methylhydroxyethylcellulose ist CULMINAL(R) MHEC 30000 PR der Fi rm Aq u a l o n . G ee ig n ete Po lym e risate m it Bin de rwi r ku n g s i n d Polyvinylpyrrolidon, Polyvinylacetat, Polyvinylalkohol und Polycarbonate.Contain water-soluble binder at room temperature. Preferred binders are cellulose compounds or polymers made from one or more polymerizable olefinically unsaturated monomers. Examples of cellulose compounds are cellulose ethers, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose ethers, in particular methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose. A well-usable methylhydroxyethyl cellulose is CULMINAL (R) MHEC 30000 PR from Fi rm Aq ualon. Adequate poly risits w ith linkage are polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and polycarbonates.
Komponente (D) liegt bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Komponenten (A) undComponent (D) is based on the total amount of components (A) and
(B) in einer Menge von etwa 0, 1 bis 5, vorzugsweise etwa 1 ,5 bis 2,5 Gew.-% vor.(B) in an amount of about 0.1 to 5, preferably about 1.5 to 2.5% by weight in front.
Das Bindemittel (D) dient als Desensibilisierungsmittel und als Verarbeitungshilfe bei der Herstellung von Granulat oder Tabletten aus dem Gasgeneratortreibstoff. Es dient ferner zur Verminderung der Hydrophilie und zur Stabilisierung derThe binder (D) serves as a desensitizing agent and as a processing aid in the production of granules or tablets from the gas generator fuel. It also serves to reduce the hydrophilicity and to stabilize the
Gasgeneratortreibstoffe.Gas generator fuels.
Die in den Gasgeneratoren verwendeten Tabletten oder Pellets aus dem Gasgeneratortreibstoff können nach bekannten Verfahren hergestellt werden, etwa durch Strangpressen, Extrudieren, in Rundläuferpressen oderThe tablets or pellets from the gas generator fuel used in the gas generators can be produced by known processes, for example by extrusion, extrusion, in rotary presses or
Tablettiermaschinen. Die Größe der Pellets oder Tabletten hängt von der gewünschten Brennzeit im jeweiligen Anwendungsfall ab.Tableting machines. The size of the pellets or tablets depends on the desired burning time in the respective application.
AusführunqsbeispieleExecution examples
Die berechneten Mengen Triaminoguanidinnitrat (TAG N) - ggf . auch Nitroguanidin - sowie Kaliumnitrat und ggf. Celluloseether werden in möglichst wenig Wasser bei 90°C gelöst und Eisenoxid und/oder Siliciumdioxid einer mittleren Korngröße von ca. 1 μm in die Lösung eingerührt. Nach Vortrocknen bei 60°C und 16 hPa unter mechanischem Bewegen wird die Mischung in noch feuchtem Zustand zerkleinert und anschließend nach Trocknen bei 60°C mit einer Tablettiermaschine zu Tabletten von 6 mm Durchmesser und 2 mm Höhe verpresst.The calculated amounts of triaminoguanidine nitrate (TAG N) - if necessary. Nitroguanidine as well as potassium nitrate and possibly cellulose ether are dissolved in as little water as possible at 90 ° C. and iron oxide and / or silicon dioxide with an average grain size of approx. 1 μm are stirred into the solution. After predrying at 60 ° C. and 16 hPa with mechanical agitation, the mixture is crushed while still moist and then, after drying at 60 ° C., compressed with a tabletting machine into tablets 6 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height.
In Tabelle I sind die untersuchten Gemische aufgeführt. Mischung 1 enthält keinThe mixtures tested are listed in Table I. Mix 1 contains no
Siliciumdioxid und Mischung 5 kein Eisen(lll)oxid. Mischung 6 enthält als Vergleichsmischung weder Siliciumdioxid noch Eisen(lll)oxid. Tab I: Zusammensetzung der Gemische in GewichtsprozentSilicon dioxide and mixture 5 no iron (III) oxide. Mixture 6 contains neither silicon dioxide nor iron (III) oxide as a comparison mixture. Tab I: Composition of the mixtures in percent by weight
1 2 3 4 5 61 2 3 4 5 6
TAGN 3 399,,11 3 399,,11 3 399,,11 2 299,,11 4 477,,33 53,0TAGN 3 399,, 11 3 399,, 11 3 399,, 11 2 299,, 11 4 477,, 33 53.0
Nitroguanidin - - - 10,0 -Nitroguanidine - - - 10.0 -
KN03 3 300,,99 3 300,,99 3 300,,99 3 300,,99 4 400,,77 47,0KN0 3 3 300,, 99 3 300,, 99 3 300,, 99 3 300,, 99 4 400,, 77 47.0
Fe203 30,0 20,0 14,0 14,0 -Fe 2 0 3 30.0 20.0 14.0 14.0 -
Si02 - 10,0 14,0 14,0 12,0 Celluloseether - - 2,0 2,0 -Si0 2 - 10.0 14.0 14.0 12.0 cellulose ether - - 2.0 2.0 -
Tabelle II zeigt eine Übersicht über die rechnerisch ermittelten Reaktionsparameter. Bei Gemisch 5 und besonders bei Gemisch 6 tritt eine hohe Reaktionstemperatur auf.Table II shows an overview of the calculated reaction parameters. A high reaction temperature occurs in mixture 5 and especially in mixture 6.
Tab II: Errechnete WerteTab II: Calculated values
02-Bilanz % + 2,13 + 1,13 - 1,84 - 1,57 + 0,25 + 0,840 2 balance% + 2.13 + 1.13 - 1.84 - 1.57 + 0.25 + 0.84
Volumen ccm 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000Volume ccm 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
Ladedichte (g/ccm) 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1Loading density (g / ccm) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Druck bar 427 444 470 457 654 810Pressure bar 427 444 470 457 654 810
Temperatur K 1973 2116 2116 2116 2468 2666Temperature K 1973 2116 2116 2116 2468 2666
Molzahlen derMoles of
Verbr. Gase Mol/kg 21,1 22,6 23,9 23,4 27,5 28,8Gases Mol / kg 21.1 22.6 23.9 23.4 27.5 28.8
Expl. Wärme J/g 3369 3092 2998 2913 3852 4566Expl.heat J / g 3369 3092 2998 2913 3852 4566
Tabelle III zeigt eine Übersicht der beim Abbrand entstehenden Reaktionsprodukte und ihrer Mengen. Tab IM: Reaktionsprodukte bei 298 K. Freeze-Out-Temp. 1 .500 KTable III shows an overview of the reaction products formed during the combustion and their amounts. Tab IM: reaction products at 298 K. Freeze-Out-Temp. 1,500 K
Verbindung (Gew. %) 1 2 3 4 5 6Connection (% by weight) 1 2 3 4 5 6
C02 3,604 10,086 11,538 13,228 12,408 3,768C0 2 3,604 10,086 11,538 13,228 12,408 3,768
H20 18,952 18,817 18,828 17,711 22,935 26,692H 2 0 18.952 18.817 18.828 17.711 22.935 26.692
N2 27,219 27,219 27,217 26,735 33,383 37,596 CO 0,000 0,134 1,283 1,223 0,000 0,000 H2 0,000 0,017 0,139 0,109 0,000 0,000 NO 0,001 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,009 0,018N 2 27.219 27.219 27.217 26.735 33.383 37.596 CO 0.000 0.134 1.283 1.223 0.000 0.000 H 2 0.000 0.017 0.139 0.109 0.000 0.000 NO 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.009 0.018
02 0,001 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,248 0,8260 2 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.248 0.826
HCN 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 NH3 0,000 0,000 0,003 0,002 0,000 0,000 KOH 0,086 0,000 0,003 0,003 0,053 0,101 K2C03 21,014 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,150 31,997HCN 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 NH 3 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.002 0.000 0.000 KOH 0.086 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.053 0.101 K 2 C0 3 21.014 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.150 31.997
FeO - - 12,597 12,597 - - Fe203 3,726 0,000 0,000 0,000 - 0,000FeO - - 12.597 12.597 - - Fe 2 0 3 3.726 0.000 0.000 0.000 - 0.000
Fe3θ4 25,396 19,331 0,000 0,000 - 0,000 K K22SS:i03 - 23,572 23,572 23,572 30,813 - SiO. 2 - 0,820 4,820 4,820 - -Fe 3 θ 4 25.396 19.331 0.000 0.000 - 0.000 KK 22 SS: i0 3 - 23.572 23.572 23.572 30.813 - SiO. 2 - 0.820 4.820 4.820 - -
Tabelle IV zeigt Untersuchungsergebnisse zur Zersetzungsempfindlichkeit, Stabilität, der Schlackenbildung und dem Abbrandverhalten der verschiedenen Gemische. Gemische 1 bis 5 zeigten gutes bis sehr gutes Abbrandverhalten, insbesondere in bezug auf eine konstante hohe Brenngeschwindigkeit. Für dasTable IV shows test results on the sensitivity to decomposition, stability, slag formation and the combustion behavior of the various mixtures. Mixtures 1 to 5 showed good to very good burning behavior, especially with regard to a constant high burning rate. For the
Vergleichsgemisch 6, das weder Siliciumdioxid noch Eisen(lll)oxid als Komponente (C) enthält, konnten nur unzureichende Schlackenbildung und unzureichendes Abbrandverhalten festgestellt werden. Tab IV: Untersuchunqserqebnisse Gemisch 1Comparative mixture 6, which contains neither silicon dioxide nor iron (III) oxide as component (C), could only be found to show inadequate slag formation and inadequate combustion behavior. Tab IV: Test results mixture 1
Zersetzungstemp. °C ) 207 178 203 Meßbedingungen : Aufheizgeschwindigkeit 2°C/min ab 15°C unter Zersetzungstemp.Decomposition temp. ° C) 207 178 203 Measurement conditions: heating rate 2 ° C / min from 15 ° C below decomposition temp.
Stabilität : Holland-TestStability: Holland test
Probengewicht : 2,5g Prüftemperatur : 105°C Prüfdauer : 72hSample weight: 2.5g Test temperature: 105 ° C Test duration: 72h
Gewichtsverlust (Gew. %) ~ ~ 0,28 0,40 0,13Weight loss (wt%) ~ ~ 0.28 0.40 0.13
Schlackenbildung + + + + + + + + + + Abbrandverhalten + + + + + + + +Slag formation + + + + + + + + + + combustion behavior + + + + + + + +
Anm.: + + Sehr gut; + Gut; - UnzureichendNote: + + Very good; + Good; - Inadequate
) Für Gemisch 1 wurden andere Stabilitätsuntersuchungen durchgeführt:) Other stability tests were carried out for mixture 1:
Stabilitätsuntersuchungen zu Gemisch 1Stability studies on mixture 1
1 . Differentialthermoanalyse Gerät: HERAEUS - FUS-O-MAT Aufheizgeschwindigkeit 1 0°C/min, Einwaage 10 mg Ergebnis KNO3-Umwandlung: 1 29/1 30°C1 . Differential thermal analysis device: HERAEUS - FUS-O-MAT heating rate 1 0 ° C / min, weight 10 mg result KNO 3 conversion: 1 29/1 30 ° C
Beginn der exotherm. Reaktion: 1 68°CBeginning of the exothermic. Response: 1 68 ° C
2. Differentialthermogravimetrie Gerät: LINSEIS - Simultan DTA/TG Aufheizgeschwindigkeit 5°C/min, Einwaage 20 mg Ergebnis KNO3-Umwandlung: 1 27°C2. Differential thermogravimetry device: LINSEIS - Simultaneous DTA / TG heating rate 5 ° C / min, initial weight 20 mg Result KNO 3 conversion: 1 27 ° C
Beginn der exotherm. Reaktion: 1 35°C Verpuffung: 158°CBeginning of the exothermic. Response: 1 35 ° C Deflagration: 158 ° C
Versuchsabbrand Gemisch 1Test burn-up mixture 1
Ein Versuchsabbrand des Gemisches 1 wurde in einem normalenA trial burn of mixture 1 was carried out in a normal
Gasgeneratorgehäuse aus Aluminium für einen 60 Liter-Airbag, versehen mit einer Bohrung zur Druckmessung, in einer 60 Liter-Kanne durchgeführt. Die Versuchstemperatur für Versuch 1 betrug -35°C, das Treibsatzgewicht 51,0g. Der Treibsatz bestand aus Tabletten mit 6 mm Durchmesser und einer Höhe von 2 mm.Gas generator housing made of aluminum for a 60 liter airbag, provided with a hole for pressure measurement, carried out in a 60 liter can. The test temperature for test 1 was -35 ° C., the propellant weight was 51.0 g. The propellant consisted of tablets with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 2 mm.
Figur 1 zeigt für Versuch 1 den Druck in der Brennkammer in Einheiten von 105 Pascal in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit nach der Zündung in Millisekunden.For test 1, FIG. 1 shows the pressure in the combustion chamber in units of 10 5 Pascals as a function of the time after ignition in milliseconds.
Der Druckaufbau erfolgt innerhalb ca.1 ,5 ms und der Druckabfall auf die Hälfte des Maximaldrucks erfolgt nach ca 27 ms. Der maximale Druck beträgt 1,88*107 Pa, er wird nach 12,3 ms erreicht.The pressure builds up within approx. 1.5 ms and the pressure drop to half the maximum pressure occurs after approx. 27 ms. The maximum pressure is 1.88 * 10 7 Pa, it is reached after 12.3 ms.
Analyse der erzeugten toxischen Gasanteile in ppm CO 300 NH3 >70 NOχ 60Analysis of the generated toxic gas fractions in ppm CO 300 NH 3 > 70 NO χ 60
Versuchsabbrände Gemisch 2Test burns mixture 2
Die Versuchsabbrände des Gemisches 2 wurde in einem Euro- Gasgeneratorgehäuse aus Aluminium für einen 35 Liter-Airbag, versehen mit einer Bohrung zur Druckmessung, in einer 60 Liter-Kanne durchgeführt. Die Versuchstemperatur betrug in Versuch 2 -35°C, in Versuch 3 +20°C. Das Treibsatzgewicht betrug bei Versuch 2 41,0g, bei Versuch 3 30,0g. DerThe test burns of mixture 2 were carried out in a Euro gas generator housing made of aluminum for a 35 liter airbag, provided with a bore for pressure measurement, in a 60 liter can. The test temperature in test 2 was -35 ° C, in test 3 + 20 ° C. The propellant weight was 41.0 g in test 2 and 30.0 g in test 3. The
Treibsatz bestand aus Tabletten mit 6 mm Durchmesser und einer Höhe von 2 mm. Figur 2 zeigt für Versuch 2 den Druck in der Brennkammer in Einheiten von 105 Pascal in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit nach der Zündung in Millisekunden.Propellant consisted of tablets with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 2 mm. For test 2, FIG. 2 shows the pressure in the combustion chamber in units of 10 5 Pascals as a function of the time after ignition in milliseconds.
Der Druckaufbau erfolgt innerhalb ca. 1 ,5 ms und der Druckabfall auf die Hälfte des Maximaldrucks erfolgt nach ca 27 ms. Der maximale Druck betrug 1 ,45 * 107 Pa, er wurde nach 15,7 ms erreicht.The pressure builds up within approx. 1.5 ms and the pressure drop to half the maximum pressure occurs after approx. 27 ms. The maximum pressure was 1.45 * 10 7 Pa, it was reached after 15.7 ms.
Figur 3 zeigt für Versuch 3 den Druck in der Brennkammer in Einheiten von 105 Pascal in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit nach der Zündung in Millisekunden.For experiment 3, FIG. 3 shows the pressure in the combustion chamber in units of 10 5 Pascal as a function of the time after ignition in milliseconds.
Der Druckaufbau erfolgt innerhalb ca. 1 ,5 ms und der Druckabfall auf die Hälfte des Maximaldrucks erfolgt nach ca 27 ms. Der maximale Druck betrug 1 ,33* 107 Pa, er wurde nach 7,5 ms erreicht.The pressure builds up within approx. 1.5 ms and the pressure drop to half the maximum pressure occurs after approx. 27 ms. The maximum pressure was 1.33 * 10 7 Pa, it was reached after 7.5 ms.
Der erfindungsgemäße Gasgeneratortreibstoff besteht aus nichttoxischen, leicht herstellbaren und kostengünstigen Komponenten, deren Verarbeitung unproblematisch ist. Ihre thermische Stabilität bewirkt gute Lagerfähigkeit. Trotz niederer Verbrennungstemperatur ist die Anzündbarkeit der Gemische gut. Sie brennen schnell und liefern große Gasausbeute mit sehr geringen CO- und NO- Anteilen. Die erfindungsgemäßen Gemische sind daher zur Verwendung alsThe gas generator fuel according to the invention consists of non-toxic, easily manufactured and inexpensive components, the processing of which is unproblematic. Their thermal stability ensures good shelf life. Despite the low combustion temperature, the ignitability of the mixtures is good. They burn quickly and deliver large gas yields with very low CO and NO proportions. The mixtures according to the invention are therefore for use as
Gaserzeugungsmittel in den verschiedenen Airbag-Systemen, als Löschmittel oder Treibmittel besonders geeignet. Zudem sind die Gasgeneratortreibstoffe gut recyclingfähig. Gas generating agent in the various airbag systems, particularly suitable as an extinguishing agent or propellant. In addition, the gas generator fuels are easily recyclable.

Claims

AnsprücheExpectations
Gasgeneratortreibstoff, umfassendGas generator fuel comprising
(A) mindestens ein Carbonat, Hydrogencarbonat oder Nitrat von Guanidin, Aminoguanidin, Diaminoguanidin oder Triaminoguanidin,(A) at least one carbonate, hydrogen carbonate or nitrate of guanidine, aminoguanidine, diaminoguanidine or triaminoguanidine,
(B) mindestens ein Alkali- oder Erdalkalinitrat oder Ammoniumnitrat als Oxidationsmittel, und(B) at least one alkali or alkaline earth nitrate or ammonium nitrate as the oxidizing agent, and
(C) mindestens eine Trägersubstanz, ausgewählt aus Siliciumdioxid, Alkali-, Erdalkali- oder Alumosilikaten und/oder mindestens eine sauerstoffliefernde Trägersubstanz, ausgewählt aus Eisen(lll)oxid, Kobaltoxiden, Mangandioxid und Kupfer(ll)oxid, zur Moderation des Abbrandes und zur Verbesserung der Schlackenbildung.(C) at least one carrier substance selected from silicon dioxide, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or aluminosilicates and / or at least one oxygen-supplying carrier substance selected from iron (III) oxide, cobalt oxides, manganese dioxide and copper (II) oxide, for moderating the burnup and for Improvement in slag formation.
2. Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach Anspruch 1 , wobei Komponente (A) in einer Menge von etwa 20 bis 55, vorzugsweise etwa 50 bis 55 Gew.- %, Komponente (B) in einer Menge von etwa 80 bis 45, vorzugsweise etwa 50 bis 45 Gew.-% und Komponente (C) bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Komponenten (A) und (B) in einer Menge von etwa 5 bis 45, vorzugsweise etwa 8 bis 20 Gew.-% vorliegt.2. Gas generator fuel according to claim 1, wherein component (A) in an amount of about 20 to 55, preferably about 50 to 55% by weight, component (B) in an amount of about 80 to 45, preferably about 50 to 45% by weight .-% and component (C) based on the total amount of components (A) and (B) in an amount of about 5 to 45, preferably about 8 to 20 wt .-% is present.
3. Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei Komponente3. Gas generator fuel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein component
(A) Triaminoguanidinnitrat ist.(A) is triaminoguanidine nitrate.
4. Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei4. Gas generator fuel according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
Komponente (B) Kaliumnitrat ist. Component (B) is potassium nitrate.
5. Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei Komponente (C) Kieselsäure mit einem pH-Wert von etwa 7 ist.5. Gas generator fuel according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein component (C) is silica with a pH of about 7.
6. Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei Komponente (A) zu 99 bis 50 Gew.-% aus Triaminoguanidinnitrat und zu 1 bis 50 Gew.-% aus Nitroguanidin besteht, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Komponente (A) .6. Gas generator fuel according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein component (A) consists of 99 to 50 wt .-% of triaminoguanidine nitrate and 1 to 50 wt .-% of nitroguanidine, based on the total amount of component (A).
7. Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei7. Gas generator fuel according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
Komponente (C) Eisen(lll)oxid ist.Component (C) is iron (III) oxide.
8. Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach Anspruch 7, wobei das Eisen(lll)oxid bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Komponenten (A) und (B) in einer Menge von etwa 20 bis 40, vorzugsweise etwa 25 bis 35 Gew.-% vorliegt.8. Gas generator fuel according to claim 7, wherein the iron (III) oxide based on the total amount of components (A) and (B) is present in an amount of about 20 to 40, preferably about 25 to 35 wt .-%.
9. Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, zusätzlich umfassend (D) ein in Wasser bei Raumtemperatur lösliches Bindemittel.9. Gas generator fuel according to one of claims 1 to 8, additionally comprising (D) a binder soluble in water at room temperature.
10. Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach Anspruch 9, wobei das Bindemittel eine Celluloseverbindung oder ein Polymerisat aus einem oder mehreren polymerisierbaren olefinisch ungesättigten Monomeren ist.10. Gas generator fuel according to claim 9, wherein the binder is a cellulose compound or a polymer of one or more polymerizable olefinically unsaturated monomers.
1 1 . Gasgeneratortreibstoff nach Anspruch 9 oder 1 0, wobei das Bindemittel bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge der Komponenten (A) und (B) in einer Menge von etwa 0,1 bis 5, vorzugsweise etwa 1 ,5 bis 2,5 Gew.-% vorliegt.1 1. Gas generator fuel according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the binder, based on the total amount of components (A) and (B), is present in an amount of approximately 0.1 to 5, preferably approximately 1.5 to 2.5% by weight.
12. Verwendung des Gasgeneratortreibstoffs nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 1 1 als Gaserzeugungsmittel in Airbags, als Löschmittel oder Treibmittel. 12. Use of the gas generator fuel according to one of the claims 1 to 1 1 as a gas generating agent in airbags, as an extinguishing agent or propellant.
PCT/DE1994/001184 1993-10-06 1994-10-06 Gas developing agent WO1995009825A1 (en)

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SK455-96A SK45596A3 (en) 1993-10-06 1994-10-06 Gas developing agent
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CN1132501A (en) 1996-10-02
JPH09503195A (en) 1997-03-31
RU2117649C1 (en) 1998-08-20
ES2130448T3 (en) 1999-07-01
CZ88796A3 (en) 1996-08-14
BR9407761A (en) 1997-03-04
DE59408048D1 (en) 1999-05-06
HUT76867A (en) 1997-12-29
PL313943A1 (en) 1996-08-05
AU687895B2 (en) 1998-03-05
PL175606B1 (en) 1999-01-29
AU7806694A (en) 1995-05-01
CA2172822A1 (en) 1995-04-13
SK45596A3 (en) 1997-01-08
ATE178304T1 (en) 1999-04-15
HU9600744D0 (en) 1996-05-28

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