WO1994029541A1 - Two-way self-supporting reinforcement formwork - Google Patents

Two-way self-supporting reinforcement formwork Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994029541A1
WO1994029541A1 PCT/DK1994/000231 DK9400231W WO9429541A1 WO 1994029541 A1 WO1994029541 A1 WO 1994029541A1 DK 9400231 W DK9400231 W DK 9400231W WO 9429541 A1 WO9429541 A1 WO 9429541A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reinforcement
formwork
way
bars
concrete
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1994/000231
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jørgen Illner BREUNING
Original Assignee
Breuning Joergen Illner
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Breuning Joergen Illner filed Critical Breuning Joergen Illner
Priority to PL94311954A priority Critical patent/PL173565B1/en
Priority to AU69694/94A priority patent/AU6969494A/en
Publication of WO1994029541A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994029541A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/326—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements
    • E04B5/328—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements the filling elements being spherical
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to two-way concrete reinforcement, i.e. industrially manufactured, prefabricated welded meshes of crossing reinforcement bars.
  • the invention forms part of an complete invention relating to two-way flat concrete slabs. The first part thereof is described in Danish patent No. 166.462.
  • the methods are divided into two main categories :
  • the steel panels are used as formwork and reinforcement. This application is especially widely used in the USA and in Sweden.
  • the known methods only render it possible to provide one-way reinforced structures. It is not possible to provide a fixed crossing reinforcement, as the crossing reinforcement bars cannot be connected to the panels by binding and cannot be welded manually to the panels on site, as the thin panels would be burnt through. Furthermore, such a number of weldings would be completely irrational.
  • the present invention provides a two-way reinforcement-formwork, a complete steel element construction acting as a two-way reinforcement and as a formwork as well as a complete ceiling all together without the amount of steel being increased.
  • the invention does not merely improve a single process, but provides a machine-processed finished element and thus eliminates a number of processes which conventionally has been carried out manually.
  • the element may be produced completely per automization by slightly altering the known machines for welding conventional reinforcement meshes, and the elements can be supplied prefabricated in sizes up to 40-50 m 2 Moreover, by means of the automatic production a substantially more accurate, stable and high-quality product is obtained which eliminates uncontrollable processes and loss of time.
  • the self-supporting two-way reinforced formwork according to the invention is characterised in that a conventionally welded two-way reinforcement mesh is altered in such a manner that the lower layer of reinforcement bars is tranformed into sheet panels having the same steel cross- section area as said lower bars and being interspaced corresponding to said bars of the conventional mesh, whereby a two-way reinforcement is obtained having on one side open meshes formed of the upper layer of bars and ribs in the sheet profile and thus free passage for concrete and having on the other side an underlying continuous steel surface which in addition to the normal reinforcement function acts as formwork and ceiling.
  • the geometry of the sheet profile is adapted in such a manner that in case of fire the exposed bottom part may be disregarded, as the completely embedded ribs are sufficient to ensure the bearing capacity according to the standard fire-proofing requirements.
  • the height of the ribs in the sheet profile may be varied in relation to the the desired bearing capacity, the fire resistance, interspacing of the intermediate supports, etc. as the bearing capacity also may be increased by filigree beams at the edge.
  • a two- way spatial reinforcement formwork is formed (named Compo-Deck), by incorporating a lattice with hollow bodies (the inventor's own patent DK 166.462).
  • a universal element is formed comprising a self-supporting complete lattice of steel and hollow plastics bodies and having all the needed and desired deck structure elements besides concrete, viz. formwork, reinfocement, air cavities and ceiling surface, all united in a geometrically fixed unit, which can be industrially manufactured in fully automated manner.
  • a two-way reinforcement formwork is formed by means of filigree beams and upper mesh and without hollow bodies.
  • Fig. 1 shows a principle part of a reinforcement-formwork according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2-7 show an example of the incorporation of the reinforcement-formwork in a completed deck structure (hollow floor).
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of two joined reinforcement-formwork elements.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an element at the edge.
  • Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of two joined elements.
  • Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an element at the edge.
  • Fig. 6 is a top view of two joined elements.
  • Fig. 7 is a top view of an element with edge formwork.
  • Fig. 8 is a photo of an element in a top view.
  • Fig. 9 is a photo of an element seen from below, one half of the lower face being painted white
  • the two-way reinforcement-formwork of fig. 1 is constructed quite analogous to usual welded reinforcement meshes and by means of the same welding machinery, said machinery being adapted to receive plate profiles instead of reinforcement bars.
  • the completed reinforcement-formwork (10) comprises a thin- walled bottom formed by a profiled thin- walled sheet or abutting sheet panels (11) arranged in parallel and welded together at the top with a number of transverse conventional reinforcement bars (12).
  • the plate profiles are formed with ribs (14) spaced corresponding to the spacing of the crossing bars (12).
  • the panels may be the simple C-profile as shown on the figure, other embodiments are, however, possible and suitable. It is thus possible to shape the profiles to be lined with outer fireproofing or inner fixing material, into which screws can be fastened.
  • Figs. 2 to 7 illustrate the reinforcement-formwork forming part of a concreted hollow floor (Compo-Deck).
  • the hollow bodies (23) rest directly on the reinforcement-formwork (10) forming the lower mesh of the lattice with hollow bodies.
  • two reinforcement elements are joined and the form bottom closed by means of a separate section (18) identical to the sheet section (11).
  • the reinforcement elements are supported by a filigree beam (21) welded to the lower mesh (12) and the upper mesh (22) in order to improve the strength during transport and during casting of the concrete.
  • the formwork may be completed and sealed, also in a prefabricated embodiment, by means of side walls being arranged at and welded to the outer periphery of the outer reinforcement elements, e.g. side section (16) and end section (17) essentially corresponding to the sections (11).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

Abstract

Universal element for in situ flat two-way reinforced deck structures. Effect: optimized industrialization of in situ concrete building. The product is a prefabricated self-supporting lattice element providing all necessary components for any concrete deck structure besides concrete, such as formwork, ceiling surface, reinforcement in two ways and air cavities. The components form part of unit with a fixed precise geometry and accurate amount of material according to predetermined requirements. The element can be industrailly manufactured in a fully automated process. The erection on site is very simple. The elements can be joined directly and are immediately ready for concreting. The industrialization of the in situ work offers large savings in both time and materials, such as the entire horizontal formwork bottom, a large part of the vertical formwork and all the traditional reinforcement binding. Analyses have shown savings up to 30 %.

Description

Title :
TWO-WAY SELF-SUPPORTING REINFORCEMENT FORMWORK
Technical Field.
The invention relates to two-way concrete reinforcement, i.e. industrially manufactured, prefabricated welded meshes of crossing reinforcement bars.
The invention forms part of an complete invention relating to two-way flat concrete slabs. The first part thereof is described in Danish patent No. 166.462.
Background art.
All options considered, in situ concreted continuous deck is probably the best deck construction available. Unfortunately, this construction suffers under an expensive and time-consuming temperary formwork, and an industrialisation has only been partly achieved in one-way deck structures, never in two-way floor structures. A method of reducing the formwork in one-way floor structures is to use built-in/permanent formwork. It is generally known to use thin steel panels as permanent formwork and as reinforcement.
The methods are divided into two main categories :
1. The steel panels or sections are used only as formwork - not as reinforcement. This category is thus uninteresting in this connection.
2. The steel panels are used as formwork and reinforcement. This application is especially widely used in the USA and in Sweden. However, the known methods only render it possible to provide one-way reinforced structures. It is not possible to provide a fixed crossing reinforcement, as the crossing reinforcement bars cannot be connected to the panels by binding and cannot be welded manually to the panels on site, as the thin panels would be burnt through. Furthermore, such a number of weldings would be completely irrational.
Within the first category is the German patent application No. DE 21 10 913. It should be noted that the method cannot even be used for the one-way reinforced structure, as no bearing capacity can be ascribed to the completely free steel surface for fireproofing reasons. DE 26 04 998, DE 12 45 565, US 3,238,681, FR 1.249.543 and FR 1.152.818 all fall within the second categori. All of the said puplications relate to purely one-way structures.
Moreover, DE 25 17 485 is to be mentioned. This publication is however without any relation to the present invention, as it discloses a deck structure of bearing steel beams embedded in concrete and not a reinforced concrete deck structure.
As a result of the missing technic to industrializing two-way constructions, the statically less appropiate one-way deck structure is used to a large extend, even in situation in which a two-way deck structure would be much more relevant. It is necessary to realize, that a realistic two-way solution can only be provided in connection with industrial welded completed building elements.
Disclosure of the Invention.
The present invention provides a two-way reinforcement-formwork, a complete steel element construction acting as a two-way reinforcement and as a formwork as well as a complete ceiling all together without the amount of steel being increased. The invention does not merely improve a single process, but provides a machine-processed finished element and thus eliminates a number of processes which conventionally has been carried out manually. The element may be produced completely per automization by slightly altering the known machines for welding conventional reinforcement meshes, and the elements can be supplied prefabricated in sizes up to 40-50 m2 Moreover, by means of the automatic production a substantially more accurate, stable and high-quality product is obtained which eliminates uncontrollable processes and loss of time.
This is particularly important for two-way reinforced in situ concreted structures, as the horizontal formwork (form bottom) which traditionally constitutes 2/3 of the formwork costs may be eliminated. Furthermore, to a large extent the element is self-supporting in the longitudinal direction of the bottom panels, whereby the vertical formwork support may be considerably reduced. And very important the stable and accurate elements are so simple to place, that the work on site may be carried out by reduced and unprofessionel manpower. Analyses have shown savings in the form- and reinforcement -work of the amount about 20-30%.
The self-supporting two-way reinforced formwork according to the invention is characterised in that a conventionally welded two-way reinforcement mesh is altered in such a manner that the lower layer of reinforcement bars is tranformed into sheet panels having the same steel cross- section area as said lower bars and being interspaced corresponding to said bars of the conventional mesh, whereby a two-way reinforcement is obtained having on one side open meshes formed of the upper layer of bars and ribs in the sheet profile and thus free passage for concrete and having on the other side an underlying continuous steel surface which in addition to the normal reinforcement function acts as formwork and ceiling.
The geometry of the sheet profile is adapted in such a manner that in case of fire the exposed bottom part may be disregarded, as the completely embedded ribs are sufficient to ensure the bearing capacity according to the standard fire-proofing requirements. The height of the ribs in the sheet profile may be varied in relation to the the desired bearing capacity, the fire resistance, interspacing of the intermediate supports, etc. as the bearing capacity also may be increased by filigree beams at the edge.
In a particular embodiment (claim 2) of the invention suitable for for hollow floors, a two- way spatial reinforcement formwork is formed (named Compo-Deck), by incorporating a lattice with hollow bodies (the inventor's own patent DK 166.462). As a result, a universal element is formed comprising a self-supporting complete lattice of steel and hollow plastics bodies and having all the needed and desired deck structure elements besides concrete, viz. formwork, reinfocement, air cavities and ceiling surface, all united in a geometrically fixed unit, which can be industrially manufactured in fully automated manner. In a third embodiment (claim 3) of the invention suitable for solid floor structures a two-way reinforcement formwork is formed by means of filigree beams and upper mesh and without hollow bodies.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The invention is described in greater detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the most developed structure (Compo Deck) is used as illustration and in which
Fig. 1 shows a principle part of a reinforcement-formwork according to the invention.
Fig. 2-7 show an example of the incorporation of the reinforcement-formwork in a completed deck structure (hollow floor). Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of two joined reinforcement-formwork elements. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an element at the edge. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of two joined elements. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an element at the edge. Fig. 6 is a top view of two joined elements. Fig. 7 is a top view of an element with edge formwork. Fig. 8 is a photo of an element in a top view. Fig. 9 is a photo of an element seen from below, one half of the lower face being painted white
Detailed Description of the invention. The two-way reinforcement-formwork of fig. 1 is constructed quite analogous to usual welded reinforcement meshes and by means of the same welding machinery, said machinery being adapted to receive plate profiles instead of reinforcement bars. The completed reinforcement-formwork (10) comprises a thin- walled bottom formed by a profiled thin- walled sheet or abutting sheet panels (11) arranged in parallel and welded together at the top with a number of transverse conventional reinforcement bars (12). The plate profiles are formed with ribs (14) spaced corresponding to the spacing of the crossing bars (12). The panels may be the simple C-profile as shown on the figure, other embodiments are, however, possible and suitable. It is thus possible to shape the profiles to be lined with outer fireproofing or inner fixing material, into which screws can be fastened.
Figs. 2 to 7 illustrate the reinforcement-formwork forming part of a concreted hollow floor (Compo-Deck). The hollow bodies (23) rest directly on the reinforcement-formwork (10) forming the lower mesh of the lattice with hollow bodies. In the embodiment shown, two reinforcement elements are joined and the form bottom closed by means of a separate section (18) identical to the sheet section (11). On each side, the reinforcement elements are supported by a filigree beam (21) welded to the lower mesh (12) and the upper mesh (22) in order to improve the strength during transport and during casting of the concrete. The formwork may be completed and sealed, also in a prefabricated embodiment, by means of side walls being arranged at and welded to the outer periphery of the outer reinforcement elements, e.g. side section (16) and end section (17) essentially corresponding to the sections (11).

Claims

Claims
1. A two-way industrially welded prefabricated reinforcement mesh, characterised in that a conventionally two-way welded reinforcement mesh is altered in such a manner that the lower layer of reinforcement bars is tranformed into sheet panels having the same steel cross-section area as said lower bars and being interspaced corresponding to said bars of the conventional mesh, whereby a two-way self-supporting reinforcement-formwork is obtained having on one side open meshes formed of the upper layer of bars and ribs in the sheet profile and thus free passage for concrete and having on the other side an underlying continuous rigid steel surface which in addition to the normal reinforcement function acts as formwork and ceiling.
2. A two-way spatial self-supporting reinforcement-formwork according to claim 1, characterised in that a hollow body lattice is incorporated therin. (Hollow deck).
3. A two-way self-supporting reinforcement-formwork according to claim 1-2, characterised in that the embodiment is the same as in claim 2, but without the hollow bodies. (Solid deck).
4. A two-way self-supporting reinforcement-formwork according to claim 1-3, characterised in that the formwork bottom on the lower face or upper face is coated with a material for vaious purposes, such as fire-proofing, sound-proofing and fixing, etc.
5. A flat concrete deck provided with a reinforcement-formwork according to one or more of the claims 1-4.
PCT/DK1994/000231 1993-06-10 1994-06-10 Two-way self-supporting reinforcement formwork WO1994029541A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL94311954A PL173565B1 (en) 1993-06-10 1994-06-10 Rigid cross-braced reinforcement combined with boarding
AU69694/94A AU6969494A (en) 1993-06-10 1994-06-10 Two-way self-supporting reinforcement formwork

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK068093A DK172307B1 (en) 1993-06-10 1993-06-10 Double-tensioned self-supporting reinforcement formwork - and concrete decks made herewith
DK0680/93 1993-06-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994029541A1 true WO1994029541A1 (en) 1994-12-22

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ID=8096313

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1994/000231 WO1994029541A1 (en) 1993-06-10 1994-06-10 Two-way self-supporting reinforcement formwork

Country Status (5)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6969494A (en)
DK (1) DK172307B1 (en)
PL (1) PL173565B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994029541A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA944087B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1568827A1 (en) * 2004-02-25 2005-08-31 Cobiax Technologies AG Method and means for manufacturing concrete elements.
KR100806820B1 (en) 2006-12-19 2008-02-22 삼성중공업 주식회사 Two-way hollow core slab and construction method thereof
JP2016151160A (en) * 2015-02-19 2016-08-22 新日鐵住金株式会社 Composite deck floor structure

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102449248B (en) * 2009-05-15 2014-01-01 杜得胜 Steel reinforcement structure of bubbledeck slab elements and procedure of manufacturing bubbledeck slab elements
CN111379378A (en) * 2020-01-07 2020-07-07 杭州章跃实业有限公司 Ceramic cake reinforcement cage structure and manufacturing process

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1073540A (en) * 1911-10-11 1913-09-16 Asbestos Protected Metal Co Building construction.
DE516914C (en) * 1927-08-13 1931-01-29 Gerald Douglas Cochrane Hollow ceiling made of box-shaped hollow girders that are parallel to each other and are arranged parallel to one another and are as long as possible
US2912848A (en) * 1956-12-17 1959-11-17 Granite City Steel Company Floor structure having electrical conduits
DE2110913A1 (en) * 1970-03-11 1971-11-18 Andre Reimbert Ribbed sheet metal for making a concrete ceiling
US3930348A (en) * 1970-01-14 1976-01-06 Johns-Manville Corporation Reinforced concrete construction
DE2604998A1 (en) * 1975-11-28 1977-06-08 Clercq Pierre Le STEEL FORMWORK FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURES
WO1992006253A1 (en) * 1990-10-01 1992-04-16 Breuning Joergen Illner Plane hollow reinforced concrete floor with two-dimensional structure

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1073540A (en) * 1911-10-11 1913-09-16 Asbestos Protected Metal Co Building construction.
DE516914C (en) * 1927-08-13 1931-01-29 Gerald Douglas Cochrane Hollow ceiling made of box-shaped hollow girders that are parallel to each other and are arranged parallel to one another and are as long as possible
US2912848A (en) * 1956-12-17 1959-11-17 Granite City Steel Company Floor structure having electrical conduits
US3930348A (en) * 1970-01-14 1976-01-06 Johns-Manville Corporation Reinforced concrete construction
DE2110913A1 (en) * 1970-03-11 1971-11-18 Andre Reimbert Ribbed sheet metal for making a concrete ceiling
DE2604998A1 (en) * 1975-11-28 1977-06-08 Clercq Pierre Le STEEL FORMWORK FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURES
WO1992006253A1 (en) * 1990-10-01 1992-04-16 Breuning Joergen Illner Plane hollow reinforced concrete floor with two-dimensional structure

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1568827A1 (en) * 2004-02-25 2005-08-31 Cobiax Technologies AG Method and means for manufacturing concrete elements.
WO2005080704A1 (en) * 2004-02-25 2005-09-01 Cobiax Technologies Ag Method and auxiliary agent for producing concrete elements, especially concrete semi-finished products and/or concrete surfaces, and auxiliary agent for producing concrete surfaces
EA008297B1 (en) * 2004-02-25 2007-04-27 Кобиакс Текнолоджиз Аг Method and auxiliary agent for producing concrete elements, especially concrete semi-finished products and/or concrete surfaces, and auxiliary agent for producing concrete surfaces
US7897073B2 (en) 2004-02-25 2011-03-01 Cobiax Technologies Ag Method and auxiliary means for producing concrete elements, particularly semi-finished concrete products and/or concrete slabs, as well as auxiliary means for producing concrete slabs
KR100806820B1 (en) 2006-12-19 2008-02-22 삼성중공업 주식회사 Two-way hollow core slab and construction method thereof
JP2016151160A (en) * 2015-02-19 2016-08-22 新日鐵住金株式会社 Composite deck floor structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK172307B1 (en) 1998-03-09
ZA944087B (en) 1995-02-06
PL311954A1 (en) 1996-03-18
DK68093D0 (en) 1993-06-10
AU6969494A (en) 1995-01-03
DK68093A (en) 1994-12-11
PL173565B1 (en) 1998-03-31

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