FI89959C - Load-bearing, horizontal construction system for a building - Google Patents

Description

89959

The load-bearing horizontal structure system of the building

The invention relates to a load-bearing horizontal structure system comprising load-bearing slabs or slab-like structures forming the frame of said horizontal structure and supporting parts extending load from these slabs to the load-bearing vertical frame of the building and extending horizontally from the respective vertical frame to the slab area. The applications of the horizontal structure system are, for example, the intermediate, upper and lower floors of buildings.

The load-bearing horizontal structures of a building make up the majority of the building's frame and thus the cost of the frame. The load-bearing horizontal structures are generally realized with solid slabs, beam-slab combinations, such as, for example, conventional lower or upper slab beams or with the structure disclosed in DE-2 350 437, or with lightened slabs (hollow core slab, rib slab, grate, etc.). The traditional and most common way to support a tile is to build it on pillars, walls, beams, and so on.

The column slab structure also uses a sub-slab expansion and reinforcement (so-called sponge structure), such as in a traditional cast-in-place column slab or GB-1 079 751, or a slab thickness reinforcement, such as DE-2 221 549, to withstand a reasonable thickness of slab shear. under.

As the number of piping, electrical, etc. installations in buildings has increased, there have been considerable difficulties, especially in the arrangement of load-bearing horizontal structures and installation routes. To minimize the height of the floor, the height of the subfloor must be as low as possible. Installations under load-bearing beams result in a large pile bottom thickness and installations at the level of load-bearing beams cause problematic structures and unnecessary cruising of the installations. When the installation floor is used, electrical and other wiring is usually placed under it, and HVAC metallizations are placed between the load-bearing slab and the 2,89959 lowered roof, whereby the overall height of the subfloor is high. Structures and installations implemented under the slab make it difficult to rationally build or install related structural components, such as partitions, furniture, other installations, and so on. In a double floor structure in which the lower part forms a load-bearing base plate, the upper beams, trusses or other structures going from one load-bearing vertical structure to another limit obstacles to the installation path 111 and installation in at least one direction, but often also in all directions. A raised floor often also becomes high and heavy.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a load-bearing horizontal structure system for a building which enables the installation of other systems of the building, such as piping, wiring and other installations, in all horizontal directions without being disturbed by the load-bearing structures. Another object of the invention is to provide such a horizontal structural system with the lowest possible structural height. A third object of the invention is to provide such a horizontal structural system which makes it possible to extend its support spacing or, accordingly, to reduce the structural thickness of the floor compared to those currently in use and to use the structural height efficiently both structurally and for installations. A fourth object of the invention is to provide such a horizontal structural system which can be implemented both as an on-site structure and as an element structure which is easy and quick to implement and makes it possible to provide many differently shaped building assemblies. A fifth object of the invention is to provide such a horizontal structure system, which enables easy modification of the installations afterwards, whereby the modification work is focused only on the area to be modified. It is a sixth object of the invention to provide such a horizontal structure system in which the load-bearing plate-transmitting components to the vertical frame of the building are not visible, but all exposed surfaces are substantially straight, the spaces between the load-bearing vertical structures being fully available for other purposes. It is a further object of the invention to provide a horizontal structural system which is not bonded to a building material, which may thus be reinforced concrete, a prestressed structure, a steel structure, a wooden structure, a composite structure or a composite structure.

Said objects are achieved and the above-mentioned drawbacks provide a decisive improvement by means of the system according to the invention. To achieve this, the system according to the invention is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1. Preferred forms of the system are set out in the dependent claims.

The most important advantages of the invention are that, compared with, for example, the commonly used reinforced concrete columnar tile, a saving of about 50% can be achieved in both concrete and steel sales, because the effective span of the slab part is substantially reduced. In addition to this, the system according to the invention enables the installation of pipelines and wiring, etc. between the double structure in all directions without hindrance, in which case it is also possible to change installations only at the desired location, because the installation floor can be easily removed and does not affect structural strength. A further advantage of the invention is that it can be easily implemented as an element structure and in particular as an element structure in which the connections of similar or different elements are easy to connect. The finished structure thus becomes relatively light and can be done quickly, both of which have a lowering effect on costs.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a horizontal top view of the horizontal structure system according to the invention, in which Figures 1A-1D show different embodiments of the support part, Fig. 2 shows the structure of Fig. 1C in side view, Fig. 3 shows the embodiment of Fig. 1A in a more detailed axonometric view. Figures 1A and 3 show a top view of the installation floor, Fig. 4B shows the embodiment of Fig. 1B slightly modified during the installation of the floor, Fig. 5 shows a side view of the embodiment of Fig. 4A, an example of an installation floor and installation, Fig. 6A shows an embodiment according to Fig. 1B Fig. 4B is a side view of the embodiment of Fig. 4B, Fig. 7 shows the embodiment of Fig. 1C in an axonometric view and a prestressed structure, Fig. 7 shows a slightly modified embodiment of Fig. 7 from above, Fig. 9 shows Fig. 9 8 side views, Fig. 10 shows a modification used in connection with the embodiment of Fig. 1C, Fig. 11 shows a horizontal structure system according to the invention as an element structure as an example of element design, Fig. 12 shows a number of different horizontal element shapes that can be used in a horizontal structure system according to the invention, Fig. 13 shows an element shape Fig. 14 schematically shows the horizontal structure obtained by the second element design, Fig. 15 shows in more detail the element structure of Fig. 11 when the support part arrangement of Fig. 1C is applied; Figs. 16 and 17 show the structure of Fig. 15 side by column showing some basic element and additional element according to the invention. show two other ways of combining the basic element and the additional element, Figures 20-22 show some and different combinations of the base element, Figs. 23A-C show different configurations of the joint in the base member of the support element, Fig. 24 shows steps of a connection between the base elements or the base and slurry element, Fig. 25 shows steps between two base elements or base and slag elements, respectively. the joint is shown from above in accordance with one embodiment, Fig. 26 shows the joint of Fig. 25 in the horizontal direction, Fig. 27 shows another cross-sectional shape and connection method of the base element and the sludge element.

In the following, reference will be made to the above-mentioned figures with reference mainly to the midsole structure, in which the advantages and features of the invention are best illustrated. The invention is in no way limited to this application.

The midsole structure is a cocoa layer structure consisting of a load-bearing sub-structure 1 generally acting as a roof of the lower space, an installation floor 2 and a "spongy" support part above the horizontal plate 1 built into the space 3 between them and supporting the load-bearing support part 4. The horizontal plate 1 and the installation floor 2 thus not necessarily exactly horizontal, although normal, but may be reasonably inclined from the horizontal, but differing substantially from vertical or nearly vertical components 5. The support members 4 connect the horizontal plate 1 to parts of the building vertical frame 5, e.g. pillars 6. In Figures 1A and 3 and 4A and 5 shows a support part according to the invention, which is made, for example, as a concrete casting. The support part 4 is either molded in one piece with the vertical column 6 of the building frame or connected to each other in a manner not shown, whereby the support part can form a vertical extension of the pillar or the corresponding wall. The support part 4 in this example consists of four cantilever-type branches 7a-d to the end of the vertical column 6 compared to the cross-sectional dimensions of the column. The load-bearing horizontal plate 1 is attached to the lower surface 11 of the branches 7 of this support part 4 either on the entire surface or on a part thereof to support the plate. In particular, the fastening takes place at or near the ends 8a-d 6 S9959 of the branches 7, for example by connecting the parts of the concrete support part which may be part of its reinforcement 9a-d or in other ways known per se within the branches.

Often the maximum strength of the concrete reinforcement in the support parts 4 is directed according to the main load, i.e. in the branches 7 the concrete bars are oriented in the vicinity of the column 6 from the upper surface 10 of the support part near its ends 8a-d to the lower surface 11 where they join. Of course, the branch 7 may also have a conventional reinforcement not shown in the figure and not parts 9. Depending on the construction, this reinforcement of the branch may be connected to the slab 1 or the branch 7 may be connected to the slab in another way.

In this way, the effective support distance of the horizontal plate 1 decreases from the actual distance D1 of the pillars to the value D2, which is the distance between the outermost support points of the branches of the support part 4, i.e. their ends 8a-d. In this case, the horizontal plate 1 can, of course, be made considerably lighter and thus cheaper than before. The space between the horizontal plate 1 and the installation floor 2 is now practically completely free for laying pipelines 12 or similar wiring. The limitation caused by the support part can be further reduced by forming through-holes 13 in places insignificant in the direction of the load. The support part 4 can also be used in this embodiment to support the installation floor 2, as shown in Figures 3, 4A and 5. In particular, the support is preferably arranged at the ends 8a in an area where the installation floor can be made load-bearing at these points due to the reduced support gap, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5.

The support part 4 can also be made of concrete into a more solid, sponge-like body or prefabricated element, as shown in Fig. ID. Fig. 1B, on the other hand, shows a structure otherwise similar to Fig. 1A, but in which the branches 7a-d of the support part are formed of, for example, steel, which may be an I-beam in the cross section of the branches, for example I-beam in Fig. 6A. From Figure 6A

The fastening of the support opening 4 to the horizontal plate 1 by means of the lowered ends of the beam 7 extending downwards from the lower ends of the beam or similar members formed of the plate 14 is well suited, for example, for in-situ casting. Also in this case, through holes can be made in the branches of the support beam in the web of the I-beam.

Figures 1C, 2 and 7-9 show a very simple and versatile support arrangement. Here, the branches 7a-d of the support part are formed in pairs from the proximity of the outer surface of the support column 6 in opposite directions to steel bars, wires or the like extending in opposite directions down to the horizontal plate 1, all referred to in this application as or on notches 1Θ arranged in the pillar 6, as shown in Figures 8 and 9 or in another way not shown here. The drawbars 15 extend radially from the pillar 6 into the horizontal plate 1, where they are attached to the horizontal plate in each case in a suitable manner. Also in this structure, the effective distance between the pillars 6 decreases from the value D1 to the value D2, which is approximately the distance between the bars 15 belonging to the support parts and the connection points 19 of the horizontal plate 1. In this case, the installations are particularly flexible to implement, since they can be pulled almost without hindrance in the area of the drawbars 15 close to the column or the like. In this case, it is advantageous to support the installation floor 2, e.g. on separate supports, in the area of the connection points 19, whereby the installation floor can be made self-supporting, as described above in connection with the cantilever beam solution.

The method of supporting the slab 1 according to the invention implemented in this way with drawbars 15 is particularly advantageous in that the rods in question can then be used both for pre-raising and pre-tensioning the slab and for tightening the drawbars and, if the slab is made as an element, for adjusting the slab height. This is done, for example, by pressing two adjacent bars 15 towards each other in each pair of bars, for example by tightening not shown in detail in step 20. In this solution 89959a the necessary fire protection of the bars 15 is realized by coating the bars 15 with a suitable material and covering the bars with concrete mass or the like. , as shown in Figure 9.

Figures 4B and 6B show a combination of the solutions according to Figures 1A, 4A, 5 and Figures 1C, 7-9 as an alternative according to the invention, in which the branches 7a-d are formed in the middle, i.e. closer to pillar 6, e.g. concrete, as in Figure 3, but from the upper edge 10 of the outer surface 8a-d of the concrete branches protrudes diagonally downwards into the horizontal slab 1 support bars or wires tme.

23. In this case, the support distance of the slab 1 must be measured at a point 24 at the junction of said bar 23 and the horizontal slab 1. The rod 15 or 23 can still be extended past the junction 19 or 24, respectively, in the central region between the pillars 6 below the plate 1, as shown in Fig. 10. In this case, there is no actual attachment point for the bar 15 or 23 and the horizontal plate 1, but the load-bearing member extends over the entire length of the plate. Likewise, the rod 23 can extend along the upper surface 10 of the branch 7 up to or past the pillar 6. Thus, the whole scale is obtained on the basis of a unified "support network". In particular, this method is useful in renovation construction to increase the load-bearing capacity of old horizontal structures.

The shape and structure of the upper support part 4 is of course not limited to the examples described above, but can be formed in any way, taking into account that it supports the load-bearing plate 1 below. the plate 1 is partially or completely suspended on the support part. In the cases shown in Figures 3, 4A, 4B and 5, the bottom plate can only be dimensioned for its own weight, installation load and other straight loads coming to the bottom plate. The payload of the midsole is supported and transferred to the horizontal plate by a mounting floor structure which is thus economically feasible as a short-girder, as will be described later in this application.

9 G 9 9 59

The support part has been described above as four-pronged, but depending on the particular application, there may be one, two, three, four or more branches 7. The branches may be symmetrical with each other and projecting at regular angular intervals or asymmetrical in position and / or length. However, it is preferred to orient the branches 7 either parallel to the column network or in particular diagonally thereto, for example diagonally to the column network as in Figure 1 or almost diagonally as in Figure 15. In the vicinity of the Si side walls the branches 7 can also be oriented diagonally as in Figure 1 or parallel to the wall. , as in Figure 15 or otherwise. The load-bearing vertical structures of a building can also be located asymmetrically.

Figure 11 shows an intermediate base formed using a horizontal structure system according to the invention as an element structure. This consists of vertical pillars 6 and on them a support part according to the invention, which is not shown in this figure, as it can be any embodiment, suspended basic elements 25 and additional plate-like elements 26 or other complementary structures further placed on these basic elements, forming a horizontal structure 1. In the invention, the slab element is generally located centrally on the column line, while in known element systems the seam between the slab elements is generally on the column line. If desired, the element according to the invention can also be divided into two parts, the seam of which is a pair of lines. Likewise, only one of the half-tiles can be used alone, for example on the façade edge. The support of the element can be realized not only as described on pillars, but also on walls or other load-bearing structures.

Figure 12 shows different shapes of the basic element. The most preferred of these is generally the hexagonal element shown in point 12a, which, for example when installed in the space between the pillars, makes it possible to systematically place similar load-bearing elements in the space between the pillars in two directions, as shown in Figures 11 and 13. If necessary, a missing level can be built on these load-bearing basic elements 39959 10, for example using simple lightweight tile elements 26 or other traditional construction methods, or openings between floors, skylights, etc. can be made in the intermediate space.

7 '

When a hexagonal base element 25 is used, a clear and minimal element type structural system is provided with one element type and a simple supplementary Lisa element, which allows a flat roof surface in the midsole when using, for example, the base element and auxiliary element connection 40, 41 of Figures 16 and 17. ) by increasing and / or decreasing the slab part of an element, the desired flexibility of the element system in question, which is generally lacking in the element systems, is obtained. A simple transformation element is a rectangular element (Fig. 12b) or an element shaped perpendicular only at one end (Fig. 12d). The former provides a simple horizontal structure with parallel base slabs and additional slabs 1.

The latter (Fig. 12d) makes the traditional straight façade well implemented in the basic construction alternative, as shown in Fig. 11. Modifications of the basic element are advantageously feasible, especially when their support is arranged in the region of the horizontal surface of the basic element. In this case, it is also possible to enlarge the element to a reasonable extent also as a slab projection. In practice, the modified element can be easily manufactured in an element factory when the size of the formwork table, radiator mold, etc. is chosen to be rectangular in length (Fig. 12d) or preferably one of the molds longer for possible transient projections of the column (e.g. Fig. 12h or 12k). By moving the formwork edges as required and installing the element in the slab part, the reinforcements can be converted simply and at a reasonable cost. The shaping can also be carried out by sawing, for example, a piece made in continuous casting or in another known manner. By shaping the e 1emen11 heads into round or otherwise desired shapes, 11 89 959 of the most imaginative shapes in buildings are obtained. Thus, by combining the basic elements 25 and their modifying elements as well as 1isae1emen11e and 26, almost infinitely different building assemblies can be built with minimal practical problems and thus a challenge that element systems generally cannot, such as Figures 13 and 14, can be met.

Fig. 15 shows a preferred method according to the invention for hanging basic elements 25 on columns 6 using rods 15. In this case, it is particularly advantageous to place suspension points 19 in tiles on, for example, angular areas 27e of the hexagonal basic element pillar 11e, e.g. 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the tile. pilarilmja. In this way, the effective span dimensions of the horizontal plate part 1 formed by the basic and additional elements can be advantageously reduced, as described above. The bars 15 or other support parts can, of course, be longitudinal or perpendicular to the base element, as in point 2Θ next to a straight façade or at another angle.

The suspension structure at an angle of 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis P of the slab is well suited to the basic hexagonal element type and advantageously allows modifications to be made to the slab. At both ends of the basic element there are typically, for example, two suspension structures 15.1 and 15.3, 15.4 and 15.5, 15.6 and 15.7, 15.Θ and 15.2. By installing the basic elements 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d in both directions, the parallel suspension structures of the parallel elements 25a and 25b, 25b and 25c, 25c and 25d, 25d and 25a form one of the support members 4 of the final slab. at an angle, the drawbars are in pairs as extensions of each other, 15.2 + 15.1 and 15.5 + 15.6, 15.3 + 15.4 and 15.7 + 15.Θ, either straight, as in Fig. 15, item 42, or crosswise, as in Fig. 15, item 43. The parts of the support part of these elements form in the structure of the integral support part 4 according to the invention. The described structure also has the advantage that the branches of the support part pull the the basic elements 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d to each other and towards the vertical column 6 12 3 9 9 59, whereby the seams 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d between the elements remain firmly attached. When using base element conversion plates, element-specific suspension structures are moved and / or added as required (e.g. Figures 12h or 12k). When using cantilever plates, for example, suspension structures can also be placed in the cantilever part.

The base element can be lightened from outside the support part 4, for example by openings 29 or thinnings 4Θ as shown in Figures 21 and 22, or at another corresponding part of the column 6 or the vertical frame, whereby the base element and the horizontal plate become a freely suspended structure. Suspension cables, rods, trusses, rib structures or other support parts 4 according to the invention or their attachment points 30 can be completely completed in the elements or the elements can be provided with the necessary attachment parts, as shown in Figures 22 and 23a-c, for hanging on site. In the case of prefabricated suspension brackets, the suspension can be tightened / tensioned, if necessary, by means of tightening means, such as bolts, nuts or clamping sleeves, or by tightening or tensioning the bars to the side, down or up, as previously described or by other means known per se. The support part mounted on the element can also only form part of the final suspension support, in which case the clamping or tensioning part can be installed on site if necessary. The suspension support can be implemented advantageously from the point of view of element production, e.g. so that the element is fitted with sufficient grips, for example bolt-welded bolts, gripping steels, perforated or other such gripping profile, etc. or in other ways known per se, a fastening flange 30, an angle steel or other known fastening groove or recess, groove or similar charge or pin 31, hook or other such for fastening and / or hanging. A hole, a bolt, a pin, a hook, a perforated plate, a threaded or sleeve-like fastening part and the like for fastening the suspension bracket 4 are made in the flange, the corner steel or the like. If necessary, the fastening part can also act as a lifting hook during transport and installation of the element. The suspension fastening to the element 39959 13 can also be a round, brush and flat or other type of steel, for example a wire provided with anchoring blades or other anchoring parts and cast inside the element. The suspension part 4 can be provided with an extension and / or tightening suction 21.

The seam 36, 44 between the basic elements, the seam 40, 41 of the elements of the basic element-11-strand 1 and / or the seam of the non-basic elements can be fastened to each other to act as a joint or to a torque rigidly. Fastening and stiffening can be realized by welding the steel fasteners in the seam area11a to each other, using flat or other sludge steel if necessary. The stiffening can also be realized by making a tubular charge 32, 33 in the elements, in which a steel pipe or steel bar 34 is mounted, which is in the groove 33 of the second element 25 during the installation of the elements and which is pushed into the second groove 32 after installation, connecting e.g. to each other. This joint is stiffened, if necessary, by casting or injecting with a mass 45 which fills the remaining gaps. The stiffening can also be carried out by bolting, post-casting, taking advantage of the charges made on the elements, the steels mounted on the elements and, if necessary, additional steels and / or fiber-reinforced concrete, or in other ways known per se.

One way of stiffening the element structures is to make a dovetail or other charge 35 in the element using, for example, sheet metal or the like. a housing 46 provided with the necessary anti-adhesion and crack-preventing steels 47. The charge may also be a steel part or a bolt hole. By installing bolt-like steels 37 at both ends thickened at both ends or otherwise provided with sufficient adhesion in this opposite stiffening element seam 36, together with solder casting 3Θ, a tensile, shear and / or torque resistant joint is provided. Bolt-like or similar fittings can also be assembled to facilitate installation work i l Imost s t e ι s ike ι "lutostikk.ukiu" 39.

14 29959

The tile element can also be part of the final tile structure. In this case, for example, the slab can be made by casting a reinforcing and / or stiffening place 1 a casting layer with possible additional steels to be built on the elements, which at the same time act as a mold and possibly form part of the reinforcement or the reinforcement as a whole. The subfloor structure may then include or without the installation floor structure.

The additional elements of the basic elements can be lighter solid slabs, lightened slabs, such as hollow slabs or other slab-like structures known per se. Figures 16 and 17 show two different ways of connecting the thread 11 to the base element 25 by the joint 40 and 41, respectively. These solutions provide a flat roof surface in the lower layer and a maximum possible space 3 between the upper floor mounting floor 2 and the horizontal slab 1. If a flat suspended ceiling surface is not desired or required, an additional element 25 can also be placed on top of the basic element 25, as shown in Figures 1Θ and 19. In this case, however, in addition to a flat roof, the installation space inside the subfloor is lost. It is also possible to combine a conventional structure for lower installation with a structure according to the invention by using an additional element 49 shown in Fig. 27, in which the installation space 3 is below, which has both advantages and disadvantages.

The installation floor 2 can be of any type known per se, but preferably of a type which is height-adjustable, detachable in parts and provided with piping, cabling and other installation charges. The basic element and / or the additional element can also be embedded, if desired, with piping or cabling or the like, and / or bushings or charges for them. It is also possible to form an ore modification of the horizontal slab 1 or its parts, such as the base element 25 and / or the additional element 26 and the installation floor 2, both the lower and intermediate floor elements containing the support part 4 and the roof floor 2 with a roof structure corresponding to the installation floor 2. Thus, the degree of preformation of ts -39959 is made very high while achieving all the advantages of the invention.

It can be stated from the modifications that, especially in the case of the upper base, the horizontal slab 1 can also be at an angle, e.g. at the angle of inclination of the roof, to the horizontal. Likewise, the slab and the support part can be of any material or combination of substances otherwise suitable for the purpose.

Claims (19)

A load-bearing horizontal structural system comprising load-bearing slabs or slab-like structures (1) forming the frame of said horizontal structure and supporting parts extending load from these slabs to the load-bearing vertical frame (6) and extending horizontally from the transverse surface of the respective vertical frame to the slab area, the slabs (1) are substantially thinner than the final visible structural thickness of the intermediate, upper and lower floor of the building, so that the support part (4) extending horizontally or at a slight angle from the respective vertical part (6) of the vertical frame (5) is above the slab at a horizontal distance from said vertical part to support the slab (1) from outside the vertical part (6), and that the support part (4) is at least mainly included in the visible horizontal structures of the building. Horizontal structural system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal plate (1) forming the intermediate, upper or lower base frame consists of basic elements (25) directly supported by the support part (4) and, if necessary, additional elements (26) arranged between these basic elements. Horizontal structural system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support part (4) consists of one or more cantilever beams or trusses (7) extending away from the vertical column (6) or the vertical wall or other vertical load-transmitting structure at approximately perpendicular to it in a plane and which are attached to their lower surface (11) or, in the case of it, to a horizontal plate (l) to support it. Horizontal structural system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support part (4) consists of one or more separate drawbars (15) or the like which extend individually or in groups at horizontal angles 17 .39959 out of a vertical column (6) or a vertical wall or other vertical load-bearing structure obliquely downwards to the horizontal plate (1) and fixed both to that part of the vertical frame and to that horizontal plate to support it. Horizontal structural system according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the support part (4) is made as a combination of drawbars (9, 15, 23) and cantilever beams or trusses (7), the drawbars extending inside the cantilever beams in the approximate direction of the load. correspondingly from a nearby upper surface (10) to a lower surface (11) close to the outer end (8) of the beam or alternatively with an extension of the cantilever beams from their upper surface (10) down towards the horizontal plate (1). Horizontal system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the horizontal plate (1) or the base element (25) forms a structural part of the support part (4) and that the support part is connected to the horizontal plate either in situ casting or in the base element. Horizontal system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the horizontal plate (1) or the basic element (25) or the support part (4) at the same time forms a vertical extension of the element column (6) or the corresponding wall. Horizontal system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cantilever beams (7) and / or the drawbars (15, 23) or other similar support parts (4) are completely between the horizontal plate (1) and the mounting floor (2) built on it, and that the space between the horizontal plate and the installation floor (3) is available as the installation space for the installations. V.iuk.ii.i construction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projecting beams (7), the drawbars (15, 23) or the drawbar groups or the corresponding supporting parts of the support part (4) are directed towards the vertical frame of the building. parallel to the pillar grid and / or diagonally to the grid. Horizontal system according to Claim 9, characterized in that the cantilever beams (7), the drawbars (15, 23) or the groups of drawbars have an even number in each support part and project in pairs in opposite directions from said vertical part (6). Horizontal structural system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basic element (25) at least partially supported by the support part (4) is polygonal, at least one corner or one side of which has a fixed support part or support part fastening members (30). the arms (7, 15, 23) or their fastening members (30) are arranged symmetrically with respect to this angle bisector (P) of the element. Horizontal structural system according to claim 11, characterized in that the arms (15.1-15.8) of the support parts of the basic elements (25a, b, c or d) or their fastening members are located with respect to said angle of the basic element so that when another corresponding basic element (25b, c) d or a) the corresponding angle is placed next to it, in this combination they form the support parts of the different elements (15.1-15.5; 15.2-15.6; 15.3-15.8; 15.4-15.7, etc.) coming together approximately opposite each other, joined together to draw this column (6 ) or elements (25a ... d) supported by a vertical wall horizontally against each other. Horizontal structure system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drawbars (15, 23) are tightened after in-situ casting or after the elements have been installed to prestress the load-bearing scale (1) or the base element (25) and / or the scale or similar element. position. 19 G 9 9 5 9 Horizontal structural system according to one of Claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the basic element (25) supported by the load-bearing vertical structures is a 6-angled element or a transforming element of said 6-angled element, which is realized by enlarging, reducing and / or shaping the element at one or more corners or other locations, and which transformation element may include a varying number of load-bearing parts at different locations on the element. Horizontal system according to one of Claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the basic and / or additional element (25, 26) is formed from a planar plate, possibly including reinforcements or lightenings, or a double-plate structure provided with suspensions and / or for fastenings (40, 41) with fastening parts, structures and / or charges (35) for supporting the element relative to the second element and / or for stiffening the structure. Horizontal structural system according to one of Claims 6 to 15, characterized in that the base element (25) is fixedly provided in the slab part or in a double slab with wires, drawbars, trusses, ribs or other similar support parts (4) above the slab. 16 39S59 Horizontal construction system according to one of Claims 6 to 16, characterized in that the basic elements (25) and / or the additional elements (26) are provided with a dovetail cavity (35) or a steel-edged charge (32, 33) in which the elements are connected and connected. (36) stiffening, thickened at both ends or otherwise shaped to provide sufficient adhesion, connecting parts (34, 37, 39) which, if necessary, together with the solder casting (38, 45) connect and, to the extent necessary, stiffen the elements. Horizontal system according to one of Claims 6 to 17, characterized in that the plate-like basic load-bearing elements (25) are supported and / or bonded to one another by welding, bolting, casting, prestressing and / or other fastening means to stiffen the horizontal structure (1). Horizontal construction system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support structure of the installation floor (2) is supported by a connection point (19) between the end (8) of the cantilever or grid (7) or the drawbar (15) and the plate (1). ) to or between regions.