WO1994023220A1 - Frein electromagnetique a pression de ressort - Google Patents

Frein electromagnetique a pression de ressort Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994023220A1
WO1994023220A1 PCT/EP1993/000840 EP9300840W WO9423220A1 WO 1994023220 A1 WO1994023220 A1 WO 1994023220A1 EP 9300840 W EP9300840 W EP 9300840W WO 9423220 A1 WO9423220 A1 WO 9423220A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brake
spring pressure
pressure brake
spring
plunger
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1993/000840
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Georg Gramatte
Original Assignee
Atg Antriebstechnik Lörrach Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atg Antriebstechnik Lörrach Gmbh filed Critical Atg Antriebstechnik Lörrach Gmbh
Priority to PCT/EP1993/000840 priority Critical patent/WO1994023220A1/fr
Publication of WO1994023220A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994023220A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D49/00Brakes with a braking member co-operating with the periphery of a drum, wheel-rim, or the like
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D59/00Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
    • F16D59/02Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed spring-loaded and adapted to be released by mechanical, fluid, or electromagnetic means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/102Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes
    • H02K7/1021Magnetically influenced friction brakes
    • H02K7/1023Magnetically influenced friction brakes using electromagnets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20Electric or magnetic using electromagnets
    • F16D2121/22Electric or magnetic using electromagnets for releasing a normally applied brake
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/02Release mechanisms
    • F16D2127/04Release mechanisms for manual operation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic spring pressure brake, in particular for use on electric motors, which has an electromagnet which is in engagement with a brake plate, a spring element which acts against the tensile force of the electromagnet and an unlocking device.
  • Such a spring pressure brake is described in the catalog No. 701 by Chr. Mayr, Mauerstetten, from 1991 on page 9 under the name ROBA-stop positioning brake.
  • the spring pressure brake is used to brake or to lock electric motors.
  • the braking force transmitted from a spiral spring to the brake plate is transmitted to a brake disk attached to the shaft of the electric motor. If the electric motor is supplied with voltage, the electromagnet in the spring pressure brake is also supplied with voltage, so that it pulls the brake plate back against the force of the compression spring from the brake disc, so that the electric motor can be freely rotated.
  • the spring pressure brake is arranged axially to the shaft of the electric motor and connected to it by a flange. So that the shaft of the electric motor can also be moved by external influences when the electromagnet is not supplied with voltage, the spring-applied brake is assigned a manually operated unlocking device with which the brake plate can be withdrawn from the brake disk. An unbraked rotary movement of the shaft of the electric motor is possible for as long as the unlocking device is actuated.
  • the spring pressure brake can additionally be provided with a signaling switch, which in turn is connected to a control device which processes the signal given by the signaling switch for the position of the spring pressure brake.
  • Such spring pressure brakes attached to electric motors are used in numerous electrically driven vehicles.
  • the electric motor, the spring pressure brake, the unlocking device and possibly the signaling switch are arranged axially to the shaft of the electric motor.
  • Electric elevators are equipped with two electric motors that drive the two rear wheels. Since the constructional width of a medical elevator for driving through doors is limited and therefore the space between the two drive units is limited, the accumulators used for the power supply cannot be arranged between the two drive units. The accumulators are therefore only accessible by lifting the seat cushion or from the front of the patient's elevator, so that the frail patient of the patient's elevator must get out before the accumulators are accessible, for example for replacement.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create an electromagnetic spring pressure brake which can be attached to an electric motor without increasing its installation depth.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the brake plate is connected to a brake plunger which extends through the electromagnet of the spring pressure brake, the front end face of which is designed as a braking surface and the rear section which projects from the electromagnet is in engagement with the unlocking device .
  • the spring pressure brake has a brake plunger provided for the transmission of braking force, a radial arrangement of the spring pressure brake with respect to the shaft of the electric motor is possible, the end face acting on the surface of the armature for braking the electric motor. Since the brake plunger is also in engagement with the unlocking device, these are arranged radially to the shaft of the electromagnet, just like a signaling switch, if provided. In addition, in order to achieve the greatest possible braking effect, it is expedient to apply the braking force at a location that is as far as possible radially from the axis of rotation of the shaft to be braked.
  • the electromagnet of the spring-applied brake essentially has the features of a pot magnet, with a through opening being provided axially hollowing out the inner pole for carrying out the brake plunger.
  • the pot magnet in addition to an outer circumferential wall, has an inner circumferential wall, between which the winding space for the coil of the electromagnet is located.
  • the outer circumferential wall in conjunction with a floor connecting the two circumferential walls, represents the iron core of the pot magnet and the housing of the spring-applied brake.
  • the outer circumferential wall is higher than the inner circumferential wall, whereby the outer circumferential wall has a shoulder facing the winding space.
  • An inner circumferential groove, which is in engagement with the inner circumferential wall, and an outer circumferential shoulder, which is in engagement with the outer circumferential wall, are introduced into the brake plate serving as a yoke.
  • the rear mouth of the push-through opening and a bushing introduced into a brake base are designed in diameter so that they essentially correspond to the diameter of the brake plunger.
  • a compression spring surrounding the brake stamp provided between the base of the pot magnet and the brake plate, preferably a spiral spring or a disc spring or a disc spring package, ensures the necessary brake pressure which can be transmitted by the brake stamp.
  • the unlocking device essentially consists of a turning handle, on the side of which facing the outside of the bottom of the pot magnet there is a cam disk with two diametrically opposed cams.
  • two detent pairs are provided which are suitable for engaging the cams and each consist of two detents which are also diametrically opposed.
  • the depth of the detents of the two pairs of detents is different, so that by rotating the rotary handle, the cams of the cam disk engage either the lower or the flatter pair of detents. Since the twist grip is connected to the brake plunger, depending on the position of the twist grip, it either lies against the surface of the armature or is detached from the surface.
  • FIG. 2 the device of FIG. 1 in a partially sectioned front view
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the in Fig.
  • FIG. 6 a section of the one shown in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 7 the spring pressure brake of FIG. 6 with the brake stamp released.
  • Fig. 1 shows an electric motor 1, on the radial to
  • the shaft 2 of the electric motor 1, a spring pressure brake 3 is arranged.
  • the shaft 2 is on both sides of the in this embodiment provided as an anchor rod anchor 4 in ball bearings 5, 6.
  • the electric motor 1 is enclosed in a housing 7.
  • the housing 7 consists essentially of a front cover 8 and a rear cover 9 and a cylindrical jacket 10 connecting the front cover 8 and the rear cover 9.
  • a pot agnet 11 is provided as an electromagnet.
  • the pot magnet 11 has a push-through opening 13 on its inner pole 12.
  • the coil 15 is located between the inner pole 12 and the outer pole 14 of the pot magnet 11.
  • the coil 15 has two cable connections 16 with which the coil 15 can be subjected to voltage.
  • the pot magnet 11 is assigned a brake plate 17 serving as a yoke, which is firmly connected to a brake stamp 18.
  • the brake plunger 18 extends through the push-through opening 13 of the pot magnet 11 and, with its rear section, is in engagement with an unlocking device 19.
  • the armature 4 is arranged in a four-pole field system constructed from permanent magnets 20.
  • the armature 4 consists of a plurality of armature sheet metal disks 21 arranged one behind the other, into which a plurality of semi-open grooves 22 forming a winding space are introduced along the circumference.
  • the unlocking device 19 essentially consists of a rotary handle 23 connected to the brake stamp 18 and one Cam 24 exists.
  • the unlocking device 19 is assigned a signaling switch 25 which is in engagement with the upper side of the cam disk 24.
  • Fig. 3 shows the spring-loaded brake 3 shown in Fig. 2 in an enlarged view.
  • An outer circumferential wall 26 forming the outer pole 14 has a greater height than an inner circumferential wall 27 forming the inner pole 12.
  • a bottom 28 connects the outer circumferential wall 26 to the inner circumferential wall 27.
  • the bottom 28, the outer circumferential wall 26 and the inner circumferential wall 27 represent the iron core of the pot magnet 11 and the housing 29 of the spring-loaded brake 3.
  • the outer Circumferential wall 26 has a shoulder 30 on its side facing the inner circumferential wall 27, the depth of the shoulder 30 from the floor 28 corresponding to the height of the inner circumferential wall 27.
  • An inner circumferential groove 31 and an outer circumferential shoulder 32 are introduced into the side of the brake plate 17 facing the pot magnet 11.
  • the inner circumferential groove 31 is rectangular in cross section, the width of the groove 31 essentially corresponding to the thickness of the inner circumferential wall 27.
  • the width of the outer circumferential shoulder 32 corresponds essentially to the width of the shoulder 30.
  • the diameter of the brake plate 17 corresponds essentially to the inner diameter of the projection 33 forming the shoulder 30 of the outer circumferential wall 26, so that the brake plate 17 on the Inside of the projection 33 is guided.
  • the width of an air gap L located between the shoulder 32 and the shoulder 30 or between the inner circumferential groove 31 and the inner circumferential wall 27 determines the axially executable stroke of the Brake plate 17 and the brake plunger 18 attached thereto.
  • the housing 29 of the spring-loaded brake 3 is connected to the casing 10 of the electric motor 1 via a brake base 34.
  • a socket 35 is inserted, which extends beyond the inside of the jacket to the armature 4 of the electric motor 1.
  • the opening width of the bush 35 corresponds at its respective ends essentially to the diameter of the brake plunger 18.
  • the area of the bush 35 lying between these guides has a larger inner diameter.
  • the armature 4 is additionally provided with a sheet metal jacket 37, so that the brake plunger 18 is not unnecessarily damaged by the webs of the half-open grooves 22 when the electric motor 1 is braked. If the spring pressure brake 3 is only used as a parking brake, such a sheet metal jacket 37 is not necessary.
  • a brake lining 38 is glued to the end of the brake plunger 18 facing the anchor 4.
  • the active side of the brake lining 38 is designed so that it rests over the entire surface of the surface 36 of the armature 4.
  • the brake stamp has
  • only the opening of the bush 35 facing the armature 4 corresponds to the diameter of the brake plunger 18.
  • a guide lug is provided in the area of the lower opening of the bush 35, which is introduced axially into a brake plunger 18 Engages groove. In this way, a turnstile is formed, which prevents a rotary movement of the brake plunger 18 about its own axis, so that the brake lining 38, which is adapted to the radius of curvature of the surface 36 of the armature 4, is ensured in the correct position on the surface 36.
  • the diameter of the push-through opening 13 is sufficiently large that it is suitable for receiving a compression spring surrounding the brake plunger 18, a spiral spring 39 being provided in this exemplary embodiment.
  • the opening 40 of the push-through opening 13 pointing away from the armature 4 has a diameter which essentially corresponds to the diameter of the brake plunger 18. In this way, in addition to the guide devices of the bush 35, a further guide of the brake plunger 18 is formed.
  • two pairs of notches 41, 42 are introduced into the outside of the base 28.
  • the pairs of notches 41, 42 each have two diametrically opposite notches. Both pairs of notches 41, 42 are worked to different depths, the notches of the pair of notches 41 are deeper than the notches of the pair of notches 42.
  • the brake plunger 18 engages with the unlocking device 19 at its section which projects beyond the bottom 28 of the pot magnet 11.
  • the turning handle 23 of the unlocking device 19 essentially consists of a turning arm 43 made of plastic, in which a guide sleeve 44 is inserted and connected to it.
  • the rotary handle 23 with its guide sleeve 44 and the cam disk 24 can be freely rotated around the brake lever 18.
  • the cam disk 24 attached to the rotary handle 23 has two diametrically opposed cams 46.
  • the dimensions of the cams 46 facing the spring pressure brake 3 are selected such that they are suitable for engaging in the detent pairs 41, 42.
  • the end of the brake plunger 18 pointing away from the armature 4 is provided with an external thread onto which a nut 47 is screwed.
  • the nut 47 engages over the guide sleeve 44, so that the rotary handle 23 is attached to the brake plunger 18 and can be raised by rotating the brake plunger 18 when the rotary handle 23 is raised.
  • a disc spring (not shown) is additionally provided in order to ensure that the cams 46 engage securely in the catches 41, 42 in each installation position of the spring pressure brake 3.
  • the signaling switch 25 On the housing 29 of the spring pressure brake 3, the signaling switch 25 is attached, which is in engagement with the top of the cam disk 24.
  • the signaling switch 25 is a microswitch which is connected to a control device, not shown.
  • a brake light can be controlled via the control device, for example, which lights up when the brake lining 38 rests on the surface 36 of the armature 4 and the electric motor 1 is braked.
  • FIG. 4 in order to clarify the geometry of the brake plate 17, it is shown in perspective with the brake stamp 18 attached to it, as well as the inner circumferential groove 31 and the outer shoulder 32 made in the brake plate 17.
  • FIG. 5 shows the outside of the base 28 of the pot magnet 11 and the detent pairs 41, 42 arranged in the outer region of the mouth 40.
  • FIG. 5 shows the different depth of the two detent pairs 41, 42 with respect to the outside of the pot magnet 11. recognizable.
  • the catches 41, 42 are located in a circumferential shoulder 48, the shoulder 48 deepening in each case from one catch of the catch pair 42 to one catch of the catch pair 41.
  • only differently deep detent pairs 41, 42 are provided in the outside of the base 28, so that the shoulders of the detents of both detent pairs 41, 42 border flush on the surface of the base.
  • the stroke that can be exerted by turning the rotary handle 23 on the brake plunger 18 is less than the width of the air gap L shown in FIG. 3.
  • the air gap L has a width of 0.7 mm, which is applied when the Pot magnet 11 with tension represents the stroke of the brake plunger 18.
  • the stroke of the brake plunger 18 that can be exerted by turning the rotary handle 23 is 0.5 mm.
  • the notches of the notch pairs 41, 42 are in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 shows the electric motor 1 and the spring pressure brake 3 in a state in which the brake stamp 18 bears on the surface 36 of the armature 4 of the electric motor 1. This is the case when the electric motor 1 is not supplied with voltage. In this idle state, the pot magnet 11 is also not acted upon by voltage, so that the pressure exerted by the compression spring 39 on the brake plate 17 acts on the surface 36 of the armature 4 via the brake plunger 18 and the brake pad 38, so that rotation of the Wave 2 is prevented by external influences.
  • the cams 46 of the unlocking device 19 engage in the catches 41.
  • the signaling switch 25, which engages with the upper side of the cam disk 24, is closed and therefore sends a signal to the control device which, for example, lights up the brake light.
  • the pot magnet 11 of the spring pressure brake 3 is connected to the electric motor 1 via a control device, the pot magnet 11 being charged with voltage when the armature 4 of the electric motor 1 is charged with voltage. If this is the case, for example, when starting the electric motor 1, the pot magnet 11 pulls the brake plate 17 against the force of the compression spring 39, so that the brake plunger 18 is withdrawn from the surface 36 of the armature 4. With the help of the unlocking device 19, the brake pad 18 can also be released manually from the surface 36 of the armature 4 if, for example, there are insufficient power reserves or if a defect in the power supply has occurred. If this is necessary, the rotary handle 23 of the unlocking device 19 is rotated by 90 degrees, as shown in FIG.
  • the latching of the unlocking device 19 means that it is not necessary to actuate the device for the duration of the external action.
  • electric motor 1 has two spring pressure brakes 3, which are opposite one another with respect to the shaft 2 of the electric motor 1, on the jacket 10 of the electric motor 1, so that the brake stamps 18 of the two spring pressure brakes 3 are on opposite sides of the armature 4 of the electric motor 1 act.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Un frein (3) à pression de ressort comprend un plateau de frein (17) en prise avec un électro-aimant (11). Le plateau de frein (17) est rigidement lié à un piston de frein (18) qui traverse l'électro-aimant (11). La face antérieure du piston de frein (18) constitue une surface de freinage. La section postérieure du pistion de frein (18) est en prise avec un dispositif de déverrouillage encliquetable (19) qui permet d'annuler manuellement l'effet de freinage du piston de frein (18).
PCT/EP1993/000840 1993-04-05 1993-04-05 Frein electromagnetique a pression de ressort WO1994023220A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP1993/000840 WO1994023220A1 (fr) 1993-04-05 1993-04-05 Frein electromagnetique a pression de ressort

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP1993/000840 WO1994023220A1 (fr) 1993-04-05 1993-04-05 Frein electromagnetique a pression de ressort

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994023220A1 true WO1994023220A1 (fr) 1994-10-13

Family

ID=8165716

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1993/000840 WO1994023220A1 (fr) 1993-04-05 1993-04-05 Frein electromagnetique a pression de ressort

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1994023220A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29621925U1 (de) * 1996-12-17 1997-02-20 Nedcon Magazijninrichting B.V., Doetinchem Bremsrolle, insbesondere zum Einbau in eine geneigte Rollenbahn
WO2003105315A1 (fr) * 2002-06-07 2003-12-18 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg, Coburg Systeme d'entrainement pour dispositif de reglage dans un vehicule automobile
WO2007147656A1 (fr) * 2006-06-20 2007-12-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de freinage pour véhicule sur rails

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1070887B (fr) * 1959-12-10
DE1290244B (de) * 1964-05-22 1969-03-06 Moulinex Sa Elektromagnetische Bremse fuer Elektromotoren
DE1475457A1 (de) * 1964-11-13 1969-04-17 Materiel Electromagnetique S I Elektromagnetische Scheibenbremse,insbesondere fuer Gleichstrom oder gleichgerichteten Strom
DE2309757A1 (de) * 1973-02-27 1974-09-12 Segaric S A Selbsttaetige vorrichtung zum nachstellen einer scheibenbremse
DE2906257A1 (de) * 1979-02-19 1980-08-28 Meyer Fa Wilhelm Krankenrollstuhl mit elektromagnetischer bremse
US4820946A (en) * 1988-05-19 1989-04-11 Harnischfeger Corporation Electromagnetic brake

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1070887B (fr) * 1959-12-10
DE1290244B (de) * 1964-05-22 1969-03-06 Moulinex Sa Elektromagnetische Bremse fuer Elektromotoren
DE1475457A1 (de) * 1964-11-13 1969-04-17 Materiel Electromagnetique S I Elektromagnetische Scheibenbremse,insbesondere fuer Gleichstrom oder gleichgerichteten Strom
DE2309757A1 (de) * 1973-02-27 1974-09-12 Segaric S A Selbsttaetige vorrichtung zum nachstellen einer scheibenbremse
DE2906257A1 (de) * 1979-02-19 1980-08-28 Meyer Fa Wilhelm Krankenrollstuhl mit elektromagnetischer bremse
US4820946A (en) * 1988-05-19 1989-04-11 Harnischfeger Corporation Electromagnetic brake

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29621925U1 (de) * 1996-12-17 1997-02-20 Nedcon Magazijninrichting B.V., Doetinchem Bremsrolle, insbesondere zum Einbau in eine geneigte Rollenbahn
WO2003105315A1 (fr) * 2002-06-07 2003-12-18 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg, Coburg Systeme d'entrainement pour dispositif de reglage dans un vehicule automobile
US7288867B2 (en) 2002-06-07 2007-10-30 Brose Fahrzeugtelle Gmbh & Co, Coburg Drive for an adjuster device in a motor vehicle
WO2007147656A1 (fr) * 2006-06-20 2007-12-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de freinage pour véhicule sur rails

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