WO1994019922B1 - Method and apparatus for performing operations - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for performing operationsInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994019922B1 WO1994019922B1 PCT/DK1994/000287 DK9400287W WO9419922B1 WO 1994019922 B1 WO1994019922 B1 WO 1994019922B1 DK 9400287 W DK9400287 W DK 9400287W WO 9419922 B1 WO9419922 B1 WO 9419922B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- gas
- partial pressure
- pressure
- atmosphere
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000036961 partial Effects 0.000 claims abstract 41
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 23
- 239000000560 biocompatible material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 100
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 210000004027 cells Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 210000003850 cellular structures Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001473 noxious Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002588 toxic Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims 2
- 241000282619 Hylobates lar Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000415 inactivating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009114 investigational therapy Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Abstract
A method for performing a function or an operation involving a material, in particular a non-gaseous material such as a biological material subjected to a scientific investigation, under a gaseous atmosphere in a closed chamber comprising performing the operation in a housing comprising i) first chamber walls (1) defining a first chamber (2) containing a gaseous atmosphere and ii) second chamber walls (3) defining a second chamber (4) substantially enclosing the first chamber, the second chamber containing a gaseous atmosphere between said first and second chamber walls, the operation being performed in the said first chamber while a) the partial pressure of the selected gas species or the total gas pressure in the atmosphere of the second chamber is lower than the partial pressure of the selected gas species or the total gas pressure, respectively, in the gaseous atmosphere in the first chamber, and b) the partial gas pressure of the selected gas species or the total gas pressure in the atmosphere of the second chamber is lower than the partial pressure of the selected species of the total gas pressure, respectively, of the gaseous atmosphere in an adjacent outer third chamber or space. The invention also relates to a housing for performing the operation mentioned above.
Claims
1. A method for performing, at a particular partial pressure of a selected gas species in a gaseous atmosphere or at a particular total gas pressure of a gaseous atmosphere, an operation involving a material, comprising performing the operation in a housing comprising
i) first chamber walls defining a first chamber containing a gaseous atmosphere and ii) second chamber walls defining a second chamber substan- tially enclosing the first chamber, the second chamber con¬ taining a gaseous atmosphere between said first and second chamber walls,
the operation being performed in the said first chamber while
a) the partial pressure of the selected gas species or the total gas pressure in the atmosphere of the second chamber is lower than the partial pressure of the selected gas species or the total gas pressure, respectively, in the gaseous atmosphere in the first chamber, and
b) the partial gas pressure of the selected gas species or the total gas pressure in the atmosphere of the second cham¬ ber is lower than the partial pressure of the selected spe¬ cies or the total gas pressure, respectively, of the gaseous atmosphere in an adjacent outer third chamber or space, and
c) the partial pressure of the selected gas species of the first chamber is lower than the partial pressure of the selected gas species in the gaseous atmosphere in the adja¬ cent outer third chamber or space, or the total gas pressure in the atmosphere of the first chamber is lower than the total gas pressure in the gaseous atmosphere in the adjacent outer third chamber or space.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the material is a non-gaseous material.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gaseous atmosphere of the outer third chamber or space is the ambient atmosphere (air) .
4. A method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the operation is performed at a particular partial pressure of a selected gas species in the atmosphere of the first chamber, the ratio between the partial pressure of the selected gas species in the second chamber and the partial pressure of the selected gas species in the first and in the adjacent outer third chamber or space chamber being at the most 0.99, such as at the most 0.97, e.g. at the most 0.95 such as at the most 0.90.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein one or several gases are supplied to the first chamber, the composition and/or flow of the gas or gases supplied being adapted to provide the particular partial pressure.
6. A method according to claim 4, wherein gas is removed from the second chamber, the composition and/or flow of the gas removed being adapted to provide the particular partial pressure of the selected gas in the first chamber.
7. A method according to claim 4, wherein one or several gases is/are supplied to the first chamber, and gas is removed from the second chamber, the composition and/or flow of the gas or gases supplied and the gas removed, respective¬ ly, being adapted to provide the particular partial pressure of the selected gas in the first chamber.
8. A method according to claim 4, wherein gas is removed from both the first chamber and the second chamber, the composi¬ tion and/or flow of each of the gases removed being adapted Λ to provide the particular partial pressure of the selected
I gas in the first chamber.
9. A method according to claim 4, wherein one or several gases is/are supplied to the first and/or second chamber, and 5 gas is removed from the first and/or second chamber, the composition and flow of the gas or gases supplied and the gas removed, respectively, being adapted to provide the particu¬ lar partial pressure of the selected gas in the first cham¬ ber.
10 10. A method according to any of the preceding claims wherein the selected gas is a gas which is present in the ambient atmosphere at a partial pressure higher than the predeter¬ mined partial pressure of the selected gas species in the first chamber.
15 11. A method according to claim 10 and any of claims 5, 7 and 9, wherein one or several gases is/are supplied which has/ha¬ ve a lower molar concentration of the selected gas species than the molar concentration corresponding to the predeter¬ mined partial pressure of the selected gas species in the
20 first chamber.
12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the gas or gases supplied is/are substantially free from the selected gas species.
13. A method according to claim 10 and any of claims 6-9, 25 wherein gas is removed which contains the selected gas spe¬ cies.
14. A method according to any of claims 1-9, wherein the selected gas is a gas present in the ambient atmosphere at a partial pressure lower than the predetermined partial pres-
30 sure of the selected gas species in the first chamber and the total gas pressure in the atmosphere of the first chamber is lower than the total gas pressure in the gaseous atmosphere in the adjacent outer third chamber or space.
15. A method according to claim 9 and any of claims 5, 7 and 9, wherein one or several gasses is/are supplied which has- /have a higher molar concentration of the selected gas spe¬ cies than the molar concentration corresponding to the prede¬ termined partial pressure of the selected gas species in the first chamber. *
16. A method according to claim 15, wherein a gas is supplied which substantially consists of the selected gas species.
17. A method according to claim 14 and any of claims 6-9, wherein gas is removed which has a lower molar concentration of the selected gas than the molar concentration correspon¬ ding to the predetermined partial pressure of the selected gas species in the first chamber.
18. A method according to any of the preceding claims, where¬ in the first chamber walls comprise a wall part of a material which permits gas diffusion between the chambers.
19. A method according to claim 18, wherein the material is a membrane which selectively or preferentially permits diffu¬ sion of particular gas species or a particular gas species.
20. A method according to any of the preceding claims, where¬ in the material in the first chamber comprises or develops an airborne toxic or noxious substance, and the toxic or noxious substance is substantially prevented from escaping into an adjacent outer third chamber or space by being trapped in the second chamber and removed from the second chamber.
21. A method according to any of the preceding claims, where¬ in the material is biological material, including biological analogues material, cells and cell components.
22. A method according to any of the preceding claims, where¬ in the operation is performed at an oxygen partial pressure of lower than ambient oxygen partial pressure.
23. A method according to claim 22, wherein the oxygen par- tial pressure in the first chamber is at the most 18 kPa, such as at the most 14 kPa, e.g., at the most 10 kPa.
24. A method according to claim 22, wherein the oxygen par¬ tial pressure in the first chamber is at the most 6 kPa, such as at the most 4 kPa, e.g. , at the most 3 kPa.
25. A method according to claim 22, wherein, the oxygen partial pressure in the first chamber is at the most 2 kPa, such as at the most 1 kPa, e.g., at the most 0.5 kPa.
26. A method according to any of the claims 22-25, wherein gas or an airborne substance material present in the first chamber is substantially prevented from escaping into an adjacent outer third chamber or space by being trapped in the second chamber and removed from the second chamber.
27. A method according to any of the preceding claims, where¬ in gas and/or an airborne material from an adjacent outer third chamber or space is substantially prevented from perco¬ late into the first chamber by being trapped in the second chamber and removed from the second chamber.
28. A housing, in particular for housing a material while an operation involving the material is performed, the housing comprising first chamber walls defining a first chamber containing a first gaseous atmosphere; and second chamber walls defining, between said first and second chamber walls, a second chamber substantially enclosing the first chamber and containing a second gaseous atmosphere; and means for maintaining a) the partial pressure of a selected gas species or the total gas pressure in the atmosphere of the second chamber lower than the partial pressure of the selected gas species or the total gas pressure, respectively, in the gaseous atmosphere in the first chamber, and means for maintaining
b) the partial gas pressure of the selected gas species or the total gas pressure in the atmosphere of the second cham¬ ber lower than the partial pressure of the selected species or the total gas pressure, respectively, of the gaseous atmosphere in an adjacent outer third chamber or space, and means for maintaining
c) the partial pressure of the selected gas species of the first chamber lower than the partial pressure of the selected gas species in the gaseous atmosphere in the adjacent outer third chamber or space, or means for maintaining the total gas pressure in the atmosphere of the first chamber lower than the total gas pressure in the gaseous atmosphere in the adjacent outer third chamber or space.
29. A housing according to claim 28 where the material is a non-gaseous material.
30. A housing according to claim 28 or 29, which is adapted for housing a biological material or a material analogous thereto, including living cells and cell components, while performing operations on the material.
31. A housing according to any of the claims 28-30, wherein the third chamber or space is the ambient atmosphere (air) .
32. A housing according to any of the claims 28-31, wherein opposite parts of the first and second chamber walls are flexible.
33. A housing according to claim 32, wherein the flexible wall parts protrude or may be caused to protrude into the first chamber so as to allow manipulation of means or objects within the first chamber from a position outside the second chamber walls.
34. A housing according to claim 33, wherein the flexible wall parts are glove shaped.
35. A housing according to any of the claims 28-34, wherein opposite parts of the first and second chamber walls are transparent.
36. A housing according to any of the claims 28-35, wherein each of the first and second chamber walls comprise mutually oppositely arranged first and second releaseable wall parts.
37. A housing according to any of the claims 28-36, wherein the means for maintaining a lower total or partial gas pres¬ sure in the second chamber comprise means for supplying a gas into the first chamber.
38. A housing according to any of the claims 28-37, wherein the means for maintaining a lower total or partial gas pres¬ sure in the second chamber comprise means for removing gas from the second chamber.
39. A housing according to any of the claims 28-38, wherein the means for maintaining a lower total or partial gas pres¬ sure in the second chamber comprise means for supplying a gas into the second chamber.
40. A housing according to any of the claims 28-39, which additionally comprises means for removing gas from the first chamber.
41. A housing according to any of the claims 28-40, wherein means for removing a gas species by chemical conversion of the gas are provided in the first and/or the second chamber.
42. A housing according to claim 41, wherein the means for removing a gas species by chemical conversion comprises a catalyst.
43. A housing according to any of the claims 33-42, wherein the means for maintaining a difference in gas pressures comprise gas inlets and/or outlets extending through and being sealingly connected to the second chamber walls.
44. A housing according to any of the claims 28-43, wherein the means for maintaining a difference in gas pressures comprise inlets and/or outlets extending through and being sealingly connected to the first and second chamber walls.
45. A housing according to any of the claims 28-44, wherein means for measuring the partial pressure or concentration of a gas is arranged connected to the first and/or second cham- ber.
46. A housing according to claim 45, wherein the means for maintaining a difference in gas pressures further comprise alarm means which is operated when the gas composition measured exceeds a predetermined limit.
47. A housing according to claim 43 or 44, wherein the means for maintaining a difference in gas pressures further com¬ prise remotely controlled valve means for controlling gas flow through said gas inlets and/or outlets
48. A housing according to any of the claims 28-47, wherein the second chamber comprises radiation means for inactivating or neutralizing biological activity in any biological material present in the second chamber.
49. A housing according to any of the claims 28-48 wherein the second chamber constitutes one continuous space.
50. A housing according to any of the claims 28-49 wherein the second chamber substantially encloses the first chamber walls except for inlets and outlets extending through the second chamber.
51. A housing according to any of the claims 28-50, wherein the depth of the wall is between 1-1000 mm, such as between 1-500 mm, such as between 2-350 mm, such as between 2-200 mm, e.g. 2-20 mm.
52. A housing according to any of the claims 28-51, wherein the ratio between the volume of the second chamber and the volume of the first chamber is in the range of 10:1-1:1000 such as 1:1-1:300, e.g. 1:10-1:100.
53. A housing according to any of the claims 28-52, wherein the second chamber constitutes a volume which allows laminar flow of the gas contained therein.
54. A garment, in particular a glove, comprising a double layered flexible material comprising a first layer of a first flexible material and a second layer of a second flexible material, the first and second layer defining a space there- between containing a gaseous atmosphere and means for main¬ taining a lower total pressure of a gas or a lower partial pressure of a selected gas species within the inner space defined by the first and second layers compared to the outer space of the garment, and the inner space comprising a third flexible material being a material which prevents the first and second layer from collapsing against each other.
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94920903A EP0710172B1 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1994-07-15 | Method and apparatus for performing operations |
| AU71832/94A AU696618B2 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1994-07-15 | Method and apparatus for performing operations |
| JP6519492A JPH09503704A (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1994-07-15 | Operation execution method and apparatus |
| CA002167312A CA2167312C (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1994-07-15 | Method and apparatus for performing operations |
| AT94920903T ATE196869T1 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1994-07-15 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING TREATMENTS |
| DK94920903T DK0710172T3 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1994-07-15 | Method and apparatus for performing operations |
| DE69426116T DE69426116T2 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1994-07-15 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT TREATMENTS |
| US08/569,204 US5730777A (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1994-07-15 | Method and apparatus for performing operations |
| NO960137A NO309708B1 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1996-01-12 | Method for performing an action involving a material and housing for carrying out the method |
| GR20000402760T GR3035072T3 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 2000-12-13 | Method and apparatus for performing operations |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK850/93 | 1993-07-16 | ||
| DK93850A DK85093D0 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1993-07-16 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING OPERATIONS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1994019922A2 WO1994019922A2 (en) | 1994-09-15 |
| WO1994019922A3 WO1994019922A3 (en) | 1994-12-22 |
| WO1994019922B1 true WO1994019922B1 (en) | 1995-02-16 |
Family
ID=8098253
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DK1994/000287 WO1994019922A2 (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1994-07-15 | Method and apparatus for performing operations |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5730777A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0710172B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH09503704A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE196869T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU696618B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2167312C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69426116T2 (en) |
| DK (2) | DK85093D0 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2151552T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3035072T3 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO309708B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT710172E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994019922A2 (en) |
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| US5360371A (en) * | 1989-07-18 | 1994-11-01 | Peter James Coffey | Material handling apparatus and method |
| US5074894A (en) * | 1991-02-01 | 1991-12-24 | Component Systems, Inc. | Apparatus for isolating contagious respiratory hospital patients |
| FR2677273B1 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1993-10-15 | Aquitaine Pharm International Sa | INSTALLATION OF HANDLING OF HIGHLY ACTIVE PRODUCTS. |
| GB9202154D0 (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1992-03-18 | Challenger John G | Clean room construction |
-
1993
- 1993-07-16 DK DK93850A patent/DK85093D0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1994
- 1994-07-15 DK DK94920903T patent/DK0710172T3/en active
- 1994-07-15 ES ES94920903T patent/ES2151552T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-15 EP EP94920903A patent/EP0710172B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-15 JP JP6519492A patent/JPH09503704A/en active Pending
- 1994-07-15 CA CA002167312A patent/CA2167312C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-07-15 AU AU71832/94A patent/AU696618B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-07-15 AT AT94920903T patent/ATE196869T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-07-15 WO PCT/DK1994/000287 patent/WO1994019922A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-07-15 PT PT94920903T patent/PT710172E/en unknown
- 1994-07-15 US US08/569,204 patent/US5730777A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-15 DE DE69426116T patent/DE69426116T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-01-12 NO NO960137A patent/NO309708B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-12-13 GR GR20000402760T patent/GR3035072T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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