WO1994017169A1 - Fabric softener composition - Google Patents

Fabric softener composition Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994017169A1
WO1994017169A1 PCT/EP1994/000174 EP9400174W WO9417169A1 WO 1994017169 A1 WO1994017169 A1 WO 1994017169A1 EP 9400174 W EP9400174 W EP 9400174W WO 9417169 A1 WO9417169 A1 WO 9417169A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solvent
fabric softener
weight
boiling point
composition according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1994/000174
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jeffery De Groot
William Frederick Soutar Neillie
Original Assignee
Unilever Plc
Unilever N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever Plc, Unilever N.V. filed Critical Unilever Plc
Priority to EP94905106A priority Critical patent/EP0681604B1/en
Priority to SK954-95A priority patent/SK95495A3/sk
Priority to AU58852/94A priority patent/AU679483B2/en
Priority to DE69402957T priority patent/DE69402957T2/de
Priority to JP51666894A priority patent/JP3283264B2/ja
Priority to CA002153784A priority patent/CA2153784C/en
Priority to BR9405875A priority patent/BR9405875A/pt
Publication of WO1994017169A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994017169A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
    • C11D3/2041—Dihydric alcohols
    • C11D3/2044—Dihydric alcohols linear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
    • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2068—Ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/43—Solvents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid fabric softener composition for inclusion in the rinse stage of a fabric washing cycle.
  • a so-called concentrated fabric softener composition Conventional fabric softener compositions generally include, as their active component, a relatively water insoluble cationic compound which includes a quaternary ammonium group in which the nitrogen atom carries long alkyl groups, Examples of such compounds include dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow ammonium salts and the corresponding unhydrogenated tallow derivatives. These compounds are generally used as aqueous dispersions.
  • An alternative approach is to make a solution of the cationic, fabric softening, component by including an organic solvent in the composition. While this may allow larger amounts of the water-insoluble component to be included, it has the disadvantage that the resulting compositions generally acquire an undesirably high flammability.and an unpleasant smell.
  • compositions containing high concentrations of fabric softener may be formulated using organic solvents of low flammability.
  • the inventors have found that by appropriate choice of cationic and solvent, compositions having not only low flammability, but also low freezing temperatures may be obtained. This is contrary to normal experience where the use of a high organic solvent of low flash point is necessary to achieve low freezing temperature. The achievement of low freezing temperature is an important consideration in markets where laundry products are stored outdoors in cold conditions, for example in Japan. Disclosure of the Invention
  • a fabric softener composition comprising:
  • each a is independently from 1 to 5, preferably from 1 to 3
  • b is also from 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3
  • c is from 1 to 10, preferably from 1 to 6, more preferably from 1 to 3
  • each R is independently selected from saturated and unsaturated alkyl groups having from 14 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 14 to 18 carbon atoms
  • Y is an anion, for example selected from halide, methyl sulphate, and ethyl sulphate,- (2) from 10 to 60% by weight of an organic solvent, or an organic solvent mixture; and, optionally,
  • the cationic fabric softener of formula (I) is preferably included in the fabric conditioner composition in an amount of 20 to 60% by weight of the composition, particularly preferably from 40 to 50% by weight.
  • the cationic fabric softener may be a single compound but may also be a mixture of compounds, for example having R groups of different lengths and degrees of saturation.
  • Effective solvents and solvent mixtures may be identified by plotting phase diagrams for ternary systems comprising fabric softener, test solvent or test solvent mixture, and water.
  • the preferred solvents are those which facilitate production of an isotropic liquid over a wide range of concentrations of fabric softener component.
  • An alternative indicator of a solvent's effectiveness is the effect of the solvent on the freezing temperature of a ternary system including it.
  • depression of freezing temperature indicates an increase of solvent effectiveness.
  • compounds of formula (I) are included in the composition, it may be convenient to measure the effect of a solvent on freezing temperature in a model system which employs a different type of fabric softener compound. For example, the freezing temperature of a composition containing 40% Prapagen 3445TM (a commercial ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride) , test solvent, and the balance in water may be measured.
  • Prapagen 3445TM a commercial ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride
  • the preferred solvents are those which are effective according to the tests outlined above and whose boiling points are sufficiently high that the flash point of the fabric softener composition is at least 40°C and, preferably at least 60°C.
  • the bulk of the organic solvent or organic solvent mixture is made up of a solvent or solvents whose boiling point is in excess of 100°C, preferably in excess of 150°C and, particularly preferably in excess of 180°C.
  • a high boiling point solvent which is particularly preferred in terms of its cost is propylene glycol.
  • propylene glycol alone is not a particularly effective solvent for compounds of formula (I) . Consequently, it is preferred to use propylene glycol in combination with another, more effective, high boiling point solvent.
  • the ratio by weight of propylene glycol to other high boiling point solvent in the composition is from 20:1 to 1:10, preferably from 10:1 to 1:5 and, particularly preferably, from 5:1 to 1:1.
  • Preferred solvents for use in conjunction with propylene glycol include butyl carbitol, hexylene glycol and propionic arid.
  • compositions of the present invention comprise:
  • propylene glycol 20 to 40% by weight of propylene glycol; 5 to 15% by weight of other high boiling point solvent, such as butyl carbitol or hexylene glycol; and
  • a low boiling point solvent such as ethanol or isopropyl alcohol .
  • Compositions of the present invention preferably have freezing temperatures of -5°C . or lower, particularly -10°C or lower and ideally, -15°C or lower.
  • the other cationic fabric softener can be any fabric-substantive cationic compound which has a solubility in water at pH 2.5 and 20°C of less than 10 g/1.
  • Highly preferred materials are quaternary ammonium salts having two C 12 -C 14 alkyl ⁇ or alkenyl chains, optionally substituted or interrupted by functional groups such as -OH, -O- , -CONH- , -COO- , etc.
  • R x and R 2 represent hydrocarbyl groups having from 12 to 24 carbon atoms; R 3 and R 4 represent hydrocarbyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and X is an anion, preferably selected from halide, methyl sulphate and ethyl sulphate radicals.
  • quaternary softeners include ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride ditallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulphate dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride di (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride; dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; dieicosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; didocosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; di (hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium methyl sulphate; dihexadecyl diethyl ammonium chloride; di (coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride.
  • dialkyl ethoxyl methyl ammonium sulphates based on soft or hard fatty acids .
  • Ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, di (hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride, di (coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride and di (coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium methosulfate are preferred.
  • R 6 is an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms
  • R 7 is an alkyl or alkenyl group containing from 8 to 25 carbon atoms
  • R 8 is an alkenyl group containing from 8 to 25 carbon atoms
  • R g is hydrogen or an alkyl containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • A- is an anion, preferably a halide, methosulphate or ethosulphate .
  • the fabric conditioning composition of the invention may be added to a large volume of water to form a liquor with which the fabrics to be treated are contacted.
  • the total concentration of the fabric softener composition in this liquor will be between 30ppm and 500ppm.
  • the weight ratio of the fabrics to liquor will preferably be less than 25:1, most preferably between 10:1 and 4:1.
  • Fig 2 shows how freezing temperature on the y- axis varies with percentage by weight of organic solvent on the x-axis for a variety of organic solvents in a system including 40% Prapagen 3445, test solvent and the balance in water; in the figure “P.G,” designates propylene glycol, “B.C.” designates butyl carbitol, “H.G.” designates hexylene glycol, “IPA” designates isopropylalcohol, and "P.A.” designates propionic acid. Modes for carrying out the Invention Example 1
  • Diagram (ii) shows the effect of using, instead of ethanol, propylene glycol which is a much less flammable solvent .
  • the diagram indicates that isotropic- liquids may only be formed at low concentrations of Varisoft 222.
  • propylene glycol imparts desirable flammabilities it is not, when used alone, an ideal solvent for use in the compositions of the present invention.
  • Diagram (iii) shows that when another low flammability solvent, butyl carbitol is employed, isotropic liquids may be formed over a wide range of Varisoft concentrations.
  • Diagram (iv) shows that when small amounts of butyl carbitol are included in a solvent mixture which is predominantly propylene glycol (4:1 propylene glycol: butyl carbitol) the phase diagram resembles that which may be achieved with butyl carbitol alone. Thus, the use of large quantities of the more expensive butyl carbitol solvent may be avoided by employing a mixture of solvents.
  • Fig 2 shows the effect of organic solvent on freezing temperature in a test system of 40% Prapagen 3445, x% organic solvent, and (60-x)% water.
  • the influence of solvent on freezing temperature in this system may be regarded as indicative of the effectiveness of the solvent in a system containing Varisoft 222 or other cationic softener of formula (I) in place of Prapagen 3445.
  • the lower the freezing temperature the more effective the solvent so that the .figure indicates the ranking, in order of decreasing effectiveness: propionic acid>isopropyl alcohol>hexylene glycol>butyl carbitol>propylene glycol.
  • Freezing temperature was measured by placing test solution in an ethylene glycol-water bath and lowering the temperature by 1°C every 2 hours until the solution was observed to solidify.
  • compositions based on compounds of formula (I) should include at least some of an organic solvent whose effectiveness according to this test is equivalent to or greater than that of butyl carbitol .
  • Flash points were measured in a SetaflashTM apparatus complying with the appropriate British Standards [BS390-A14 (1986) , BS6664 part IV (1986) and BS3679 (1983) ] .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
PCT/EP1994/000174 1993-01-29 1994-01-22 Fabric softener composition WO1994017169A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94905106A EP0681604B1 (en) 1993-01-29 1994-01-22 Fabric softener composition
SK954-95A SK95495A3 (en) 1993-01-29 1994-01-22 Fabric softener composition
AU58852/94A AU679483B2 (en) 1993-01-29 1994-01-22 Fabric softener composition
DE69402957T DE69402957T2 (de) 1993-01-29 1994-01-22 Textilweichmacherzusammensetzung
JP51666894A JP3283264B2 (ja) 1993-01-29 1994-01-22 繊維製品柔軟化組成物
CA002153784A CA2153784C (en) 1993-01-29 1994-01-22 Fabric softener composition
BR9405875A BR9405875A (pt) 1993-01-29 1994-01-22 Composição amaciante de tecidos

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB939301811A GB9301811D0 (en) 1993-01-29 1993-01-29 Fabric softener composition
GB9301811.7 1993-01-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994017169A1 true WO1994017169A1 (en) 1994-08-04

Family

ID=10729543

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1994/000174 WO1994017169A1 (en) 1993-01-29 1994-01-22 Fabric softener composition

Country Status (15)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0681604B1 (cs)
JP (1) JP3283264B2 (cs)
AU (1) AU679483B2 (cs)
BR (1) BR9405875A (cs)
CA (1) CA2153784C (cs)
CZ (1) CZ191095A3 (cs)
DE (1) DE69402957T2 (cs)
ES (1) ES2102824T3 (cs)
GB (1) GB9301811D0 (cs)
HU (1) HU214101B (cs)
PL (1) PL309976A1 (cs)
SK (1) SK95495A3 (cs)
TW (1) TW260724B (cs)
WO (1) WO1994017169A1 (cs)
ZA (1) ZA94540B (cs)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995027769A1 (en) * 1994-04-07 1995-10-19 Unilever Plc Fabric softening composition
WO1996009365A1 (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-03-28 Ansari, Rahman, H. Clear concentrated fabric softener
US5700387A (en) * 1994-04-07 1997-12-23 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Fabric softening composition
WO1998017756A1 (en) * 1996-10-21 1998-04-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Concentrated fabric softening composition
WO2003022977A1 (en) * 2001-09-10 2003-03-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Home laundry method
WO2004099354A1 (de) * 2003-05-08 2004-11-18 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Frostresistente konditioniermittel

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI279518B (en) 2006-06-12 2007-04-21 Ind Tech Res Inst Loop type heat dissipating apparatus with spray cooling device

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0038862A1 (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-11-04 Albright & Wilson Limited Compositions containing amido amine salts, and their use as fabric softeners
EP0040562A2 (fr) * 1980-05-14 1981-11-25 Cotelle S.A. Composition adoucissante concentrée pour fibres textiles
EP0125103A2 (en) * 1983-05-07 1984-11-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Surfactant compositions
GB2168392A (en) * 1984-12-12 1986-06-18 Colgate Palmolive Co Concentrated stable non-aqueous fabric softener composition
EP0234082A1 (en) * 1986-02-18 1987-09-02 Ecolab Inc. Institutional softener containing cationic surfactant and organic acid
WO1988010294A1 (fr) * 1987-06-16 1988-12-29 Cotelle S.A. Compositions adoucissantes concentrees

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US446047A (en) 1891-02-10 Vending machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0038862A1 (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-11-04 Albright & Wilson Limited Compositions containing amido amine salts, and their use as fabric softeners
EP0040562A2 (fr) * 1980-05-14 1981-11-25 Cotelle S.A. Composition adoucissante concentrée pour fibres textiles
EP0125103A2 (en) * 1983-05-07 1984-11-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Surfactant compositions
GB2168392A (en) * 1984-12-12 1986-06-18 Colgate Palmolive Co Concentrated stable non-aqueous fabric softener composition
EP0234082A1 (en) * 1986-02-18 1987-09-02 Ecolab Inc. Institutional softener containing cationic surfactant and organic acid
WO1988010294A1 (fr) * 1987-06-16 1988-12-29 Cotelle S.A. Compositions adoucissantes concentrees

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995027769A1 (en) * 1994-04-07 1995-10-19 Unilever Plc Fabric softening composition
US5700387A (en) * 1994-04-07 1997-12-23 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Fabric softening composition
US5773409A (en) * 1994-04-07 1998-06-30 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Fabric softening composition
WO1996009365A1 (en) * 1994-09-23 1996-03-28 Ansari, Rahman, H. Clear concentrated fabric softener
WO1998017756A1 (en) * 1996-10-21 1998-04-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Concentrated fabric softening composition
US6335315B1 (en) 1996-10-21 2002-01-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Concentrated fabric softening composition
US6686331B2 (en) 1996-10-21 2004-02-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Concentrated, stable, preferably clear, fabric softening composition
WO2003022977A1 (en) * 2001-09-10 2003-03-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Home laundry method
WO2004099354A1 (de) * 2003-05-08 2004-11-18 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Frostresistente konditioniermittel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5885294A (en) 1994-08-15
CZ191095A3 (en) 1996-01-17
CA2153784A1 (en) 1994-08-04
SK95495A3 (en) 1996-04-03
BR9405875A (pt) 1995-12-12
JP3283264B2 (ja) 2002-05-20
HU214101B (en) 1997-12-29
DE69402957D1 (de) 1997-06-05
CA2153784C (en) 2004-08-17
EP0681604A1 (en) 1995-11-15
ZA94540B (en) 1995-07-26
TW260724B (cs) 1995-10-21
GB9301811D0 (en) 1993-03-17
EP0681604B1 (en) 1997-05-02
HU9502258D0 (en) 1995-09-28
JPH08505906A (ja) 1996-06-25
AU679483B2 (en) 1997-07-03
HUT73057A (en) 1996-06-28
DE69402957T2 (de) 1997-08-28
PL309976A1 (en) 1995-11-13
ES2102824T3 (es) 1997-08-01

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