WO1994011779A2 - Dispositif a cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Dispositif a cristaux liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994011779A2
WO1994011779A2 PCT/GB1993/002320 GB9302320W WO9411779A2 WO 1994011779 A2 WO1994011779 A2 WO 1994011779A2 GB 9302320 W GB9302320 W GB 9302320W WO 9411779 A2 WO9411779 A2 WO 9411779A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
substrates
pair
films
layers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1993/002320
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1994011779A3 (fr
Inventor
Hyman Abraham Moses Gross
Richard John Artley
Michael George Clark
Arthur Haythornthwaite
Peter Wilkinson
Miles Wallis
Original Assignee
Crystalens Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Crystalens Limited filed Critical Crystalens Limited
Priority to AU54293/94A priority Critical patent/AU5429394A/en
Publication of WO1994011779A2 publication Critical patent/WO1994011779A2/fr
Publication of WO1994011779A3 publication Critical patent/WO1994011779A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00634—Production of filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/0074—Production of other optical elements not provided for in B29D11/00009- B29D11/0073
    • B29D11/00807—Producing lenses combined with electronics, e.g. chips
    • B29D11/00817—Producing electro-active lenses or lenses with energy receptors, e.g. batteries or antennas
    • B29D11/00826—Producing electro-active lenses or lenses with energy receptors, e.g. batteries or antennas with energy receptors for wireless energy transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
    • G02C7/101—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses having an electro-optical light valve
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1341—Filling or closing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to liquid crystal devices (LCDs) and, more particularly, to a method of making such devices.
  • LCDs liquid crystal devices
  • “Film” LCDs constructed from polymer substrates have also been described, and are of two types.
  • the glass sheets are replaced by thin sheets of plastic onto which a transparent conductive coating has been deposited (see eg Ricoh PF-LCD - brochure issued by Ricoh Ltd, Japan) .
  • the liquid crystal and the polymer may be combined into a single composite film. According to the ratio of polymer matrix to liquid crystal these composite materials have different internal structures, and are known, respectively, as polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) (see eg PS Drzaic, Proceedings of Eurodisplay '90, September 25-27, 1990, ppl28-31 .
  • PDLC polymer-dispersed liquid crystal
  • a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device comprising assembling together in a layered structure, a pair of pre-shaped transparent plastic substrates, a pair of transparent plastic films, and a pair of conductive coatings; providing a plurality of spacers between the plastic films; providing a partial adhesive seal around and/or between the films to provide a cavity therebetween; filling the cavity with a fluent liquid crystal mixture or precursor mixture which is polymerisable to polymeric/liquid crystal composite material; and, adhesively sealing the cavity to retain the liquid crystal mixture or composite material therein, characterised in that the conductive coatings are applied to said transparent plastics films; and by the application of at least one layer of a compliant transparent adhesive between two of the other layers of the device.
  • the invention also includes a liquid crystal device comprising a plurality of layers, including a pair of pre- shaped transparent plastic substrates; a pair of transparent plastic films and conductive coatings disposed on the respective films; a plurality of spacers between the respective films; an adhesive seal around and/or between the films and defining therewith a cavity; and a fluent liquid crystal mixture or precursor mixture which is polymerisable to polymeric/liquid crystal composite material filling the cavity, characterised in that the conductive coatings are applied to said transparent plastics films; and by at least one layer of a compliant transparent adhesive disposed between two of the other layers of the device.
  • the cell cavity is filled with a low molecular mass liquid mixture or a polymer/liquid crystal composite material.
  • the invention is applicable to the manufacture of liquid crystal devices of many different types, but will find particular application in curved LCD's such as those used in electrically-controlled sunglass lenses.
  • the LCDs may be cylindrically or spherically curved.
  • a pair of polarizer layers are also provided on the substrates or on the plastic films.
  • a pair of alignment layers are also provided.
  • the plastic films and conductive coatings are preformed with the spacers and partial adhesive seal to provide a cavity therebetween; the cavity is filled with a fluent liquid crystal mixture or precursor mixture; the cavity adhesively sealed to retain the liquid crystal mixture or composite material therein; and the preform thereafter assembled with the substrates and sealed thereto.
  • the plastic films are preferably pre- shaped polarizers to which are applied respective transparent conductive layers and alignment layers, and which are laminated to the respective substrates before being assembled with an adhesive seal and the cell thus formed filled and sealed therein.
  • a further aspect of the invention comprises a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device comprising a pair of pre-shaped transparent plastic protective substrates, wherein the substrates are chamfered at the edges of their opposed surfaces and are secured to one another by an adhesive seal disposed in the space between said chamfered edges.
  • Figure 1 shows a simple construction having two substrates 1,1' which may be of glass or a plastics material, such as "CR 39" which is non-transmissive to UV radiation.
  • the substrates 1,1' are pre-cut and pre-shaped to the desired outline and the surfaces 2,2' which are to face each other within the device are as near as possible parallel to one another.
  • polarizing films 3,3' are applied to the surfaces 2,2'or to thin plastic films 5,5' bearing transparent conductive coatings 6,6' (pre-etched if necessary) on their matching faces.
  • the plastic films 5,5' are then laminated to the substrates using layers 4,4' of optical adhesive.
  • the coatings 6,6' enable electrical signals to be applied to the LCD in use, to adjust the optical properties of the device.
  • the thickness and kind of adhesive are selected so that the layers 4,4' have sufficient resilience to enable a substantially uniform pressure to be applied to the films 5,5' after the cell is constructed.
  • a suitable adhesive is, for example, "Glass Bonding Adhesive 350" manufactured by Loctite Inc.
  • the films 5,5' may, for example, be of ITO-coated "Stabar" film manufactured by ICI pic.
  • An alignment layer (not shown in this example) may then be applied to the conductively-coated surfaces of each of the films 5,5', if required, for example by oblique evaporation of silicon monoxide.
  • a UV curable or low temperature curable adhesive material 8 is then applied, leaving one or more fill holes.
  • the adhesive is applied in two layers, one to provide a structural join and a second to provide a seal.
  • Suitable adhesives are, respectively, RS's Quick set epoxy resin 503-408 and Loctite's "UV Cure Optical Adhesive 358".
  • Fibre or ball spacers 9 of the appropriately small size are then applied, for example, by being sprinkled uniformly over the surface of one of the films 5,5', so that they are spread uniformly throughout the cell after formation, the cell assembled, and the adhesive seal 8 cured.
  • Pressure which is applied to the substrates 1,1' during curing of the seal, (by any suitable conventional means such as a mechanical press having means for uniformly spreading the load) is transmitted to the cell walls 5,5' by the resilient layers 4,4*' so that the films 5,5' are pressed uniformly down onto the spacers 9 to give a uniform thickness to the cell cavity 7, the adhesive layers 4,4' acting to spread the load to ensure uniformity.
  • the cell cavity 7 is then filled with the liquid crystal mixture, or if a polymer composite device is being constructed, the precursor mixture; the fill-hole(s) is(are) sealed; and, in the latter case, the precursor polymerised.
  • a suitable low molar mass liquid crystal material is "mixture E7" sold by Merck AG of Darmstadt, DE and suitable precursor mixtures for subsequent polymerisation are available from Merck Ltd. of Poole, GB.
  • Figure 2 shows a partial cross-section through a second example of LCD constructed according to this invention. The inner layers are initially laid down in a flat state.
  • a pair of plastic films of PET material 5,5' one of which has a thickness of about 37 ⁇ m and the other a thickness of about 125 ⁇ m and each of which has an indium- tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive coating 6,6' (thickness ⁇ l ⁇ m) are cut to the desired shape (with a protruding tab for electrical connection in use) .
  • ITO indium- tin oxide
  • 6' thinness ⁇ l ⁇ m
  • These are then coated with a polyi ide alignment layer 10,10,' of the order of 500nm thickness, and cured together at low temperature (50°C) for a long time (typically > 1 hour) to avoid degradation of the plastic layer.
  • the polyimide layer are then brushed, eg by cut velvet, in directions perpendicular to one another.
  • an epoxy adhesive sealing layer 8 approximately lmm wide (preferably with a thin outer edge of an optical adhesive) is then applied around the edges of the coated faces of the PET/PES layers, a pair of gaps or fill holes being left uncoated with adhesive, and the layers assembled together (with the protruding tabs of the coated PET fils offset from one another) between mould halves of appropriate curvature (80mm in this example) and the adhesive cured to form a cell therebetween by pressure applied in the mould.
  • the mould comprises a convex aluminium block as one surface and a second mould surface previously cast, in solid epoxy resin with a compliant surface layer of eg silicone rubber, as a negative from the aluminium block, to provide a concave surface.
  • the rubber cast is mounted on a metal backing plate and the layers sealed by heat eg from the aluminium block (which has been pre-heated) .
  • the empty cell is then removed and the cell cavity 7 is filled (eg by vacuum filling) through the fill holes with a suitable liquid crystal mixture 7', the cell is re-compressed in order to remove excess liquid crystal material and all air in the cell, and the pressure released to allow an inflow of adhesive through the fill holes to seal the holes.
  • the adhesive may be UV cured.
  • the cell is then laminated to the polarizer layers 3,3' by means of thin (thickness > l ⁇ m, preferably around lO ⁇ m) contact adhesive layers 4,4' provided on the polarizer layers and revealed by removal of a peel off cover sheet.
  • the cell is then laminated by means of further contact adhesive layers 11,11' (also of the peel off type) of thickness > l ⁇ m, preferably around lO ⁇ m, to pre-shaped transparent plastics substrates 1,1' (eg of CR 39) which are then sealed at their edges by an epoxy adhesive seal 12.
  • the positions of the polarizer layers 3,3' and the substrates 1,1' may be reversed.
  • the polarizers are coated with an anti-scratch coating.
  • the adhesive layers are substantially as in the second example.
  • Spherical lenses may be formed by a structure comprising a pair of spherically curved substrates 1,1' of CR 39, to which respective spherically curved polarizers 3,3' (pre- or post-coated with ITO conductive layers 6,6') are laminated.
  • the polarizers are preferably cut so that their directions of polarization are mutually perpendicular and each lies at 45° to the intended horizontal, when the LCD is considered to be vertically disposed.
  • Polyimide alignment layers 10,10' are formed on the inside of the conductive layers 6,6' with their direction of alignment disposed preferably parallel to the adjacent polarizer direction and directed so as to locate the quadrant of greatest contrast upwards (the manner of doing this is well known to those skilled in the art) , in order to produce, in a twisted nematic liquid crystal construction, a gradation of darkening, so that, when used as a spectacle lens, such a LCD may be darker at the top than at the bottom.
  • the assembled layers are again put together using a sealing adhesive strip 8, with spacers 9 therebetween and pressure and heat applied to cure the adhesive to form an empty cell.
  • a liquid crystal composition is then injected into the cell and sealed as with the other examples. Again, the positions of the polarizers and substrates may be reversed, but a thin polymer layer may be needed to support the conductive ITO coating.
  • devices constructed in accordance with the invention may include liquid crystal mixtures with one or more dichroic dyes.
  • One or both of the polarizers 3,3' may be dispensed with if the cell is not desired to be of the twisted nematic type.
  • the directionality of the birefringent effect is also preferably aligned with the adjacent polarizing layer 3,3' in order to suppress birefringence effects.
  • the supporting layer may, in all examples, be greater in planar extent than other layers, to protrude from the structure.
  • FIG. 5 A fifth example is illustrated in Figure 5. This example is substantially the same as that of Figure 2, but the outer adhesive seal 12 is provided between a pair of chamfered edges 13,13' of the transparent substrates 1,1'.
  • the edge chamfers are preferably inclined at 45°.
  • This provides an improved seal and greater strength because of the greater area of contact of the seal with the substrates 1,1' and allows a smoother and narrower finish to the edge of the LCD which may be important when the LCD is for use as a spectacle lens.
  • Chamfers 14,14' are also provided on the outside of the substrates 1,1' to narrow the edge of the LCD, which may be particularly important when the LCD is for use as a spectacle lens.
  • the ability to UV cure the adhesive 12 is also enhanced by the chamfering, as it helps to overcome the inhibiting effect of the CR 39 substrates which are UV filtering.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif à cristaux liquides comprenant l'assemblage, en structure stratifiée, d'une paire de substrats préformés en plastique transparent (1, 1') et d'une paire de pellicules plastiques trasnparentes (5, 5') portant une paire de revêtements conducteurs (6, 6'). Une pluralité d'éléments d'écartement (9) est disposée entre les pellicules plastiques et un joint adhésif partiel (8) se trouve autour et/ou entre les pellicules, de façon à constituer une cavité entres elles. On rempli la cavité (16) avec un mélange fluide de cristaux liquides (7') ou un mélange précurseur polymérisable en matériaux composites polymères/cristaux liquides. On scelle la cavité, de façon à retenir le mélange de cristaux liquides ou le matériau composite. On dispose au moins une couche (4, 4') d'un adhésif souple et transparent entre deux des autres couches du dispositif, afin d'adapter la cellule à la forme nécessaire.
PCT/GB1993/002320 1992-11-12 1993-11-11 Dispositif a cristaux liquides WO1994011779A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU54293/94A AU5429394A (en) 1992-11-12 1993-11-11 Liquid crystal device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9223741.1 1992-11-12
GB929223741A GB9223741D0 (en) 1992-11-12 1992-11-12 Liquid crystal device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994011779A2 true WO1994011779A2 (fr) 1994-05-26
WO1994011779A3 WO1994011779A3 (fr) 1994-08-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1993/002320 WO1994011779A2 (fr) 1992-11-12 1993-11-11 Dispositif a cristaux liquides

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5429394A (fr)
GB (1) GB9223741D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994011779A2 (fr)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2306691A (en) * 1995-10-20 1997-05-07 Central Research Lab Ltd Liquid crystal devic for use in eye wear
EP0816902A2 (fr) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-07 Central Research Laboratories Limited Dispositif à crystal liquide
WO2003025659A1 (fr) * 2001-09-18 2003-03-27 Alphamicron, Inc. Dispositif optique a double courbure pour articles de lunetterie et procede de fabrication
WO2004049050A1 (fr) 2002-11-22 2004-06-10 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procede de fabrication d'un dispositif d'affichage incurve
WO2005119347A1 (fr) * 2003-05-20 2005-12-15 Conoptix Ab Lunettes de protection
EP1807728A2 (fr) * 2004-11-02 2007-07-18 E-Vision, LLC Lunettes electro-actives et procede de fabrication
US7811482B2 (en) 2001-09-18 2010-10-12 Alphamicron, Inc. Curved optical device and method for making the same
EP2398435A2 (fr) * 2009-02-17 2011-12-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Dispositifs de commande optiques, et procédé de fabrication
WO2012103657A1 (fr) 2011-01-31 2012-08-09 Eyerex Ag Dispositif anti-éblouissement électro-optique avec lentilles planes
US8493520B2 (en) 2007-06-01 2013-07-23 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Optical system and display that converts a flat image to a non-flat image
US8780039B2 (en) 2008-11-28 2014-07-15 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Optical system and display
WO2016138730A1 (fr) * 2015-03-02 2016-09-09 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Dispositif d'affichage et procédé de fabrication associé
EP2535765B1 (fr) * 2010-03-04 2018-10-24 Tovis Co. Ltd. Procédé de fabrication de panneau d'affichage à surface incurvée
WO2018233989A1 (fr) * 2017-06-23 2018-12-27 Webasto SE Vitre de véhicule dotée d'un dispositif à cristaux liquides
WO2018233990A1 (fr) * 2017-06-23 2018-12-27 Webasto SE Vitre de véhicule dotée d'un dispositif à cristaux liquides
CN111032344A (zh) * 2017-10-04 2020-04-17 韦巴斯托股份公司 用于制造车辆窗板的方法
US10723104B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2020-07-28 Corning Incorporated Light-responsive thin glass laminates
US10866442B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2020-12-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Curved, arcuately-bonded liquid crystal cell and method of making

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4526818A (en) * 1982-12-23 1985-07-02 Epson Corporation Liquid crystal display panel and process for the production thereof
WO1985002914A1 (fr) * 1983-12-22 1985-07-04 Polaroid Corporation Affichage a cristaux liquides
JPS62229221A (ja) * 1986-03-31 1987-10-08 Seiko Epson Corp 液晶表示装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4526818A (en) * 1982-12-23 1985-07-02 Epson Corporation Liquid crystal display panel and process for the production thereof
WO1985002914A1 (fr) * 1983-12-22 1985-07-04 Polaroid Corporation Affichage a cristaux liquides
JPS62229221A (ja) * 1986-03-31 1987-10-08 Seiko Epson Corp 液晶表示装置

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 095 (P-681) 29 March 1988 & JP,A,62 229 221 (SEIKO EPSON CORP) 8 October 1987 *
RESEARCH DISCLOSURE, no.304, August 1989, NEW YORK, US pages 559 - 560, XP000069739 'Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Devices with Curved Surfaces' *

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2306691A (en) * 1995-10-20 1997-05-07 Central Research Lab Ltd Liquid crystal devic for use in eye wear
EP0816902A2 (fr) * 1996-07-05 1998-01-07 Central Research Laboratories Limited Dispositif à crystal liquide
EP0816902A3 (fr) * 1996-07-05 1999-03-31 Central Research Laboratories Limited Dispositif à crystal liquide
US7705959B2 (en) 2001-09-18 2010-04-27 Alphamicron, Inc. Curved optical device and method having a pair of opposed thermoplastic substrates with spacers therebetween to permanently retain a curved shape
WO2003025659A1 (fr) * 2001-09-18 2003-03-27 Alphamicron, Inc. Dispositif optique a double courbure pour articles de lunetterie et procede de fabrication
US7102602B2 (en) 2001-09-18 2006-09-05 Alphamicron, Inc. Doubly curved optical device for eyewear and method for making the same
CN1308746C (zh) * 2001-09-18 2007-04-04 阿尔法微米公司 热成形的光学装置及其制造方法
US7811482B2 (en) 2001-09-18 2010-10-12 Alphamicron, Inc. Curved optical device and method for making the same
WO2004049050A1 (fr) 2002-11-22 2004-06-10 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Procede de fabrication d'un dispositif d'affichage incurve
WO2005119347A1 (fr) * 2003-05-20 2005-12-15 Conoptix Ab Lunettes de protection
EP1807728A2 (fr) * 2004-11-02 2007-07-18 E-Vision, LLC Lunettes electro-actives et procede de fabrication
EP1807728A4 (fr) * 2004-11-02 2009-07-29 E Vision Llc Lunettes electro-actives et procede de fabrication
EP2405295A1 (fr) * 2004-11-02 2012-01-11 E-Vision, LLC Lunettes electro-actives et procédé de fabrication
US8493520B2 (en) 2007-06-01 2013-07-23 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Optical system and display that converts a flat image to a non-flat image
US8780039B2 (en) 2008-11-28 2014-07-15 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Optical system and display
EP2398435A2 (fr) * 2009-02-17 2011-12-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Dispositifs de commande optiques, et procédé de fabrication
EP2398435A4 (fr) * 2009-02-17 2015-05-06 3M Innovative Properties Co Dispositifs de commande optiques, et procédé de fabrication
EP2535765B1 (fr) * 2010-03-04 2018-10-24 Tovis Co. Ltd. Procédé de fabrication de panneau d'affichage à surface incurvée
WO2012103657A1 (fr) 2011-01-31 2012-08-09 Eyerex Ag Dispositif anti-éblouissement électro-optique avec lentilles planes
US9880616B2 (en) 2015-03-02 2018-01-30 Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. Display device and method for manufacturing the same
WO2016138730A1 (fr) * 2015-03-02 2016-09-09 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Dispositif d'affichage et procédé de fabrication associé
US10723104B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2020-07-28 Corning Incorporated Light-responsive thin glass laminates
WO2018233989A1 (fr) * 2017-06-23 2018-12-27 Webasto SE Vitre de véhicule dotée d'un dispositif à cristaux liquides
WO2018233990A1 (fr) * 2017-06-23 2018-12-27 Webasto SE Vitre de véhicule dotée d'un dispositif à cristaux liquides
US10983392B2 (en) 2017-06-23 2021-04-20 Webasto SE Vehicle window pane having a liquid crystal arrangement
US10866442B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2020-12-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Curved, arcuately-bonded liquid crystal cell and method of making
CN111032344A (zh) * 2017-10-04 2020-04-17 韦巴斯托股份公司 用于制造车辆窗板的方法
CN111032344B (zh) * 2017-10-04 2022-11-08 韦巴斯托股份公司 用于制造车辆窗板的方法

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GB9223741D0 (en) 1992-12-23
WO1994011779A3 (fr) 1994-08-04
AU5429394A (en) 1994-06-08

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