WO1994006871A1 - Enseigne, procede de fabrication et encre correspondante - Google Patents

Enseigne, procede de fabrication et encre correspondante Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994006871A1
WO1994006871A1 PCT/GB1993/001936 GB9301936W WO9406871A1 WO 1994006871 A1 WO1994006871 A1 WO 1994006871A1 GB 9301936 W GB9301936 W GB 9301936W WO 9406871 A1 WO9406871 A1 WO 9406871A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ink
sign
sheet
carrier
light box
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1993/001936
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Morton Graham
Original Assignee
Canterbury Park Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canterbury Park Limited filed Critical Canterbury Park Limited
Priority to AU49793/93A priority Critical patent/AU4979393A/en
Publication of WO1994006871A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994006871A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0065—Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0026—Wavelength selective element, sheet or layer, e.g. filter or grating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0058—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
    • G02B6/0061—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to provide homogeneous light output intensity

Definitions

  • This invention relates to signs, particularly edge-lit signs and to inks therefor.
  • An edge lit sign consists of a sheet of transparent, usually colourless material such as glass or plastics.
  • transparent acrylic material although polycarbonate can be used.
  • the latter material is, however, rather more expensive than acrylic and it can be difficult to obtain inks compatible with polycarbonate sheets. In view of this and the ease with which acrylic sheet can be cut and formed compared with glass makes acrylic sheet by far the favourite material for such signs.
  • An edge-lit sign is illuminated by a light box along one edge of the sheet and the light is internally reflected along the sheet and impinges upon and illuminates ink on one surface of the sheet.
  • the printed material is equally visible from both sides of the sign.
  • the sign is only operative from one side.
  • the benefit of edge lit signs is that they are relatively thin so that they can be placed against walls and do not have to have a large light box behind them which would be necessary with a sign which is lit from its rear by a lamp and a condenser or diffuser. (NOTE: I am correct here? Is it possible to make a single sheet two-way sign?)
  • Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5a illustrate the problem which is inherent in conventional ink.
  • Inks used for printing this type of sign are translucent inks, which are arranged so that when light enters from one side of the layer, light issuing from the other side is of a desired colour dependent on the colour of the pigment particles embedded within the ink.
  • Figure 1 shows a layer of ink as manufactured and also after having been placed on a surface (not shown) and allowed to dry.
  • the layer (10) comprises a transparent matrix (11) throughout which are uniformly and closely dispersed individual pigment particles (12) .
  • the matrix (11) is, when the ink is supplied, a non-polymerised plastics material. In the case of an acrylic ink this would be acrylate based forming a polyacrylate on drying.
  • FIG. 1 shows a layer of ink containing thinners lying on a substrate (14) .
  • the pigment particles (15) are well separated by the dilute matrix (16) .
  • the thinners evaporates and the thickness of the matrix (11)falls to the same thickness as that shown in figure 1 containing the basic matrix (11) and the pigment particles (12) .
  • screen printing is invariably carried out with the substrate (14) horizontal, it will be seen, from figure 3, that there is a tendency (exaggerated for clarity here) for pigment particles (15) to fall towards the substrate (14) .
  • the further disadvantage is that the relatively thin layer of pigment adjacent the interface (20) mean that as a majority of light is reflected, less light can enter into the body of the matrix and be reflected by the pigment to issue from the front surface (22) as coloured light. There is also the further minor effect that any light which hits the front surface (22) and is reflected back into the matrix (16) will almost certainly be contact or be absorbed by the closely packed pigment particles before it has a chance to re-enter the matrix (14) and be useful again.
  • the invention provides an ink, for example for an edge lit sign wherein the pigment concentration is reduced below the conventional level.
  • concentration of the pigment is desirably reduced by addition of a carrier.
  • the carrier can be the same type of carrier used in the conventional ink.
  • the carrier can be a carrier conventionally used for supporting particles, for example, metallic particles in suspension in the ink.
  • the action of the dilution of the carrier is desirably such as to reduce the concentration of pigment particles within a given volume of ink whilst maintaining their uniform separation throughout the ink during application and drying of the ink.
  • the dilution of the conventional basic ink can be by addition of 1 to 20 parts by volume of the carrier per part of ink.
  • a yellow or white ink may be diluted 1 to 1 with carrier, whereas a dark green or dark blue ink may be diluted from 1 to 10 to 1 to 15 with carrier parts by volume.
  • thinners it is possible to add a certain amount of thinners to the diluted ink in order to give it a more fluid consistency for handling and pouring onto the printing apparatus. However, it is desirable that use of thinners is kept to a minimum in order to avoid the problem of pigment sinking as discussed earlier.
  • the invention also provides a method of making an edge lit sign including providing a sheet of transparent material, providing a light box at one edge of that material and, printing on one side of the sheet using an ink aforesaid.
  • the degree of dilution of the ink is chosen such that the intensity of the observed ink from the direction away from the light box is significantly reduced compared with conventional edge lit signs.
  • the reduction intensity from the edge of the ink body adjacent the light box to its opposite side is less than 50%.
  • a reflecting surface is provided on an edge of the sheet remote from the light box.
  • the reflected surface can be provided on the or all edges of the sheet remote from the light box.
  • the surface can be mirror reflective.
  • the surface is a diffuse reflective surface.
  • the surface is white.
  • the invention includes an edge lit sign made by the method aforesaid.
  • the invention also provides a method as aforesaid wherein the sheet is engraved.
  • the engraving can be carried out in register with an edge of a printed area or can be carried out within a printed area.
  • the depth of the engraving into the surface of the substrate is graduated so as to be shallower at a position adjacent the light box and deeper at a position remote from the light box.
  • the graduation can be a continuously variable graduation or can be carried out in steps. As well as being effected adjacent an ink area to enhance the reflection of light into the ink engraving can be carried out remote from or in register but distance from the ink so as to enhance the appearance of the sign in general.
  • the invention also provides an edge illuminated sign comprising a sheet of transparent material and a light box on an edge thereof, a surface of the sheet having been printed with a diluted ink.
  • the ink has been diluted with a carrier to maintain the pigment particles dispersed throughout the body of the ink.
  • the ink has been diluted sufficiently to ensure that the reduction and intensity across the area in a direction away from the light box is less than 50% from one side to the other.
  • the reduction is less than 25%.
  • the sheet can be engraved.
  • the engraving can be in register with an edge of an area of ink.
  • the engraving can be uniformally spaced from the ink or can be independent thereof.
  • the depth of engraving on the sheet can vary in depth being shallow adjacent the light box and deeper remote from the light box.
  • the graduation can be in steps or can be smoothly graduated.
  • the degree of dilution and suspension is such that considered in a direction away from the light box a given length of pigment layer will absorb a percentage of incident light not significantly greater than its own length is a percentage of the full length of the pigment area.
  • Figure 1 is a cross sectional view illustrating a film of conventional ink before or after drying
  • Figure 2 shows the ink of figure l after dilution by thinners and coating onto a substrate
  • Figure 3 shows the structure of figure 2 after evaporation of the thinners during drying of the ink.
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to figure 3 but showing ink of the invention on a substrate;
  • Figures 5a and 5b illustrate an edge lit sign;
  • Figure 6 is a view similar to figure 5 but showing further features of a sign of the invention.
  • Figure 7a shows a schematic view of a conventional sign and its associated intensity graph
  • Figure 7b is an intensity graph of a sign of the invention.
  • pigment particles (25) are relatively uniformly distributed throughout a transparent matrix (26) formed by polymerisation of the carrier to form an polyacrylate.
  • any light which hits the front surface (28) and is reflected backwards is not merely absorbed or reflected by the pigment but may also pass back through the matrix (26) and into the substrate (24) to continue down the substrate.
  • any transparent sheet such as glass, acrylic sheet or polycarbonate sheet.
  • Glass is a useful cheap product and can be printed fairly easily. However, it is fragile and is not very easy to cut or shape. Further, adhesion between printing ink and glass is not always easy to achieve to form a product which is wear-resistant.
  • Polycarbonate is an excellent and hard plastics material. It is, however, relatively expensive, and compatible printing ink systems are also expensive.
  • the preferred material for the sheet is acrylic material, that is to say a polyacrylate. (NOTE. I am guessing here, little bit of detail of exactly what is "acrylic” sheet is would be helpful!).
  • Acrylic sheet is preferred because of its cheapness and suitability, giving a virtually transparent material which can be formed into a sheet of uniform thickness (this is important When considering graded engraving) and because aerylate- compatible ink systems readily available.
  • Ink systems used therewith will normally comprise a pigment supported by a binder such as or including 2 butoxy ethanol with or without a gelling agent.
  • a binder such as or including 2 butoxy ethanol with or without a gelling agent.
  • the ink used is an acrylic based compatible ink comprising an acrylate-based binder containing pigment particles.
  • the carrier may contain a gelling agent to prevent the settling out of pigment particles.
  • a quantity of the ink is first diluted with a desired quantity of a binder suitable for metallic pigment which is more likely to settle out of the binder than is non-metallic pigment.
  • the metallic carrier is a2 butoxy ethyl acetate in a gel form. The ratio by volume of ink to carrier can vary.
  • a low limit can be 1 volume of ink to 0.5 volumes of carrier (any less than this and there is little effect on the ink ) .
  • This sort of ratio is useful in very light colours such as white or yellow.
  • at least one volume of carrier has to be added to one volume of a pale coloured ink in order to obtain the necessary light transmission, and the necessary colour illumination.
  • Darker colours of all shades,but particularly dark blue and dark green, need a dilution of one part of basic ink to 12 or 15 parts of carrier. Dilution up to 1:20 parts is possible.
  • Figure 7a shows a typical sign (28)
  • the intensity at about one third the length of a 300mm printed layer (29) has dropped to 12 which is about one third of intensity II. Between 12 and 13 the intensity drops slightly but not significantly. At the 13 position there is virtually no illumination of the ink from the light box (30) and it is clear that for roughly two thirds or more of the length of printed layer been 12 and 13 there is only a marginal illumination of the ink. This means that the portion of the ink between II and 12 glows brightly whilst the rest is, in very obvious contrast hardly illuminated.
  • the corresponding intensity 12 amounts to over 75% of the intensity of II and even at position 13, (that is to say the end of the printed layer) intensity has only dropped by 60% of the value of II.
  • the drop in intensity from II to 13 may be considered significant in numerical terms, in terms of observers the fact that there is still a significant emission of light at the 13 intensity means that the drop in intensity from II to 13 perceived by the human eye is very small and the printed area therefore seems to be unifor ally illuminated.
  • the particular qualities of the ink and illuminated sign of the invention render it particularly suitable for use in combination with engraving.
  • engraving has quite commonly been used in relation to such signs and with light passing down through the sheet a engraved channel has, naturally, reflected outwardly with a very attractive effect.
  • a typical sign (31) is shown in figure 6 and comprises a sheet of acrylic material (32) having a light box (33) .
  • the sheet (32) has printed thereon two areas of ink (34) (35) which link is of the type described aforesaid.
  • the sheet (32) has been engraved as indicated at (36) (37) and (38) .
  • the engraving can be carried out by a rotary cutter moved in relation to the sheet, or the sheet can be moved in relation to the cutter. The method is not important.
  • the naturally rough surface of the engraving causes a diffusion of light which to the observer appears as a white line or outline depending on the shape or configuration of the engraving. This type of effect has been common with engraving in the past and is not novel.
  • the diffuser effect of the engraved channel causes additional light to diffuse into the ink and increase the brightness of the ink area, for an ink area of particular shape, a closely surrounding border of engraving can not only form a white line emphasising the colour but can also cause diffusion of light into the ink which, because of its much more translucent nature, is more brightly illuminated at its edges giving a distinct attractive effect.
  • the depth of the engraving is increased as the distance of the engraving from the light box is increased.
  • the light from the box (33) is relatively intense and only a relatively shallow groove or channel is necessary to form a bright observable light and to divert a significant amount of light into the ink area (34) .
  • the intensity of the light has fallen somewhat and therefore a slightly deeper groove (37) (or a deeper pair of grooves can be provided.
  • a deeper groove is formed which when observed by the eye is of generally the same or closely similar intensity to that of the groove (36) and which also diverts a greater quantity of light into the lower edge of ink area (35) so as to ensure that the emphasising effect is uniform.
  • the gradation from shallow engraving to deep engraving can be continuous throughout the sheet, but in practice it would be desirable for the movable engraving head to be programmed to cut deeper once a certain stage in its travel away from the light box (eventual) is reached.
  • the engraving head could be moved to cut in a constant plane and the sheet (32) , after printing, be laid beneath the cutting head in such a way as to have its plane not parallel to the plane of movement of the cutter but at a slight angle thereto so that as the cutter moves it cuts a deeper groove on one side of the sheet than on that side of the sheet which, in use, will have the light box attached.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une encre, conçue particulièrement pour une enseigne éclairée par le bord, une enseigne éclairée par le bord et un procédé de fabrication de ladite enseigne. Celle-ci comporte une feuille ou substrat (14) en matériau transparent le long duquel la lumière est transmise depuis un éclairage (18). Un côté de la feuille est imprimé avec une encre (23) objet de l'invention, qui a été diluée au moyen d'un véhicule de façon à maintenir les particules de pigment (25) en suspension, tout en les séparant pour obtenir une matrice plus claire (26), à travers laquelle la lumière d'éclairage peut passer, ce qui permet à une plus grande quantité de lumière d'être réfléchie et transmise vers la partie inférieure du substrat (24). La feuille peut être gravée, de façon à introduire davantage de lumière dans le pigment.
PCT/GB1993/001936 1992-09-17 1993-09-13 Enseigne, procede de fabrication et encre correspondante WO1994006871A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU49793/93A AU4979393A (en) 1992-09-17 1993-09-13 A sign, a method of making the sign and an ink therefor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB929219671A GB9219671D0 (en) 1992-09-17 1992-09-17 Ink
GB9219671.6 1992-09-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994006871A1 true WO1994006871A1 (fr) 1994-03-31

Family

ID=10722066

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1993/001936 WO1994006871A1 (fr) 1992-09-17 1993-09-13 Enseigne, procede de fabrication et encre correspondante

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4979393A (fr)
GB (1) GB9219671D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994006871A1 (fr)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999000625A1 (fr) * 1997-06-26 1999-01-07 Bogstavhuset A/S Enseigne lumineuse electrique
EP2141408A3 (fr) * 2006-10-06 2010-03-31 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Structure de perte optique intégrée dans un appareil d'éclairage
US7855827B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2010-12-21 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Internal optical isolation structure for integrated front or back lighting
US7864395B2 (en) 2006-10-27 2011-01-04 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Light guide including optical scattering elements and a method of manufacture
US7907319B2 (en) 1995-11-06 2011-03-15 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for modulating light with optical compensation
US7933475B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2011-04-26 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing back-lighting in a display device
US7944602B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2011-05-17 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods using interferometric optical modulators and diffusers
US8040589B2 (en) 2008-02-12 2011-10-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Devices and methods for enhancing brightness of displays using angle conversion layers
US8045256B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2011-10-25 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for compensating for color shift as a function of angle of view
US8045252B2 (en) 2004-02-03 2011-10-25 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure
US8049951B2 (en) 2008-04-15 2011-11-01 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Light with bi-directional propagation
US8068710B2 (en) 2007-12-07 2011-11-29 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Decoupled holographic film and diffuser
US8107155B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2012-01-31 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method for reducing visual artifacts in displays
US8111446B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2012-02-07 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Optical films for controlling angular characteristics of displays
CN102080809B (zh) * 2009-11-30 2012-09-26 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种光学塑胶片材及其制作方法
US8300304B2 (en) 2008-02-12 2012-10-30 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Integrated front light diffuser for reflective displays
US8346048B2 (en) 2008-05-28 2013-01-01 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Front light devices and methods of fabrication thereof
US8368981B2 (en) 2006-10-10 2013-02-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Display device with diffractive optics
US8872085B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2014-10-28 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Display device having front illuminator with turning features
US8902484B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2014-12-02 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Holographic brightness enhancement film
US8928967B2 (en) 1998-04-08 2015-01-06 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for modulating light
US8971675B2 (en) 2006-01-13 2015-03-03 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Interconnect structure for MEMS device
US8979349B2 (en) 2009-05-29 2015-03-17 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Illumination devices and methods of fabrication thereof
US9025235B2 (en) 2002-12-25 2015-05-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Optical interference type of color display having optical diffusion layer between substrate and electrode
US9110289B2 (en) 1998-04-08 2015-08-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Device for modulating light with multiple electrodes
CN108226177A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-29 蓝思科技（长沙）有限公司 一种便携式面油不良检测装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2039931A1 (de) * 1969-08-13 1971-03-04 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Leukodruckfarbe,die chlorierte n-Paraffine enthaelt,fuer Matrizen- oder Schablonendruckverfahren
EP0279449A2 (fr) * 1987-02-19 1988-08-24 Adger Kogyo Co., Ltd. Composition d'encre et matériel pour la reproduction sensible à la pression
EP0355805A2 (fr) * 1988-08-23 1990-02-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Panneau lumineux

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2039931A1 (de) * 1969-08-13 1971-03-04 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Leukodruckfarbe,die chlorierte n-Paraffine enthaelt,fuer Matrizen- oder Schablonendruckverfahren
EP0279449A2 (fr) * 1987-02-19 1988-08-24 Adger Kogyo Co., Ltd. Composition d'encre et matériel pour la reproduction sensible à la pression
EP0355805A2 (fr) * 1988-08-23 1990-02-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Panneau lumineux

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7907319B2 (en) 1995-11-06 2011-03-15 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for modulating light with optical compensation
WO1999000625A1 (fr) * 1997-06-26 1999-01-07 Bogstavhuset A/S Enseigne lumineuse electrique
US9110289B2 (en) 1998-04-08 2015-08-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Device for modulating light with multiple electrodes
US8928967B2 (en) 1998-04-08 2015-01-06 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for modulating light
US9025235B2 (en) 2002-12-25 2015-05-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Optical interference type of color display having optical diffusion layer between substrate and electrode
US8111445B2 (en) 2004-02-03 2012-02-07 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure
US9019590B2 (en) 2004-02-03 2015-04-28 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure
US8045252B2 (en) 2004-02-03 2011-10-25 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Spatial light modulator with integrated optical compensation structure
US7944602B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2011-05-17 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods using interferometric optical modulators and diffusers
US8045256B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2011-10-25 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for compensating for color shift as a function of angle of view
US8861071B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2014-10-14 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for compensating for color shift as a function of angle of view
US8111446B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2012-02-07 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Optical films for controlling angular characteristics of displays
US8971675B2 (en) 2006-01-13 2015-03-03 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Interconnect structure for MEMS device
US7933475B2 (en) 2006-02-17 2011-04-26 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing back-lighting in a display device
US8872085B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2014-10-28 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Display device having front illuminator with turning features
US9019183B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2015-04-28 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Optical loss structure integrated in an illumination apparatus
EP2141408A3 (fr) * 2006-10-06 2010-03-31 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Structure de perte optique intégrée dans un appareil d'éclairage
US8107155B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2012-01-31 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. System and method for reducing visual artifacts in displays
US7855827B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2010-12-21 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Internal optical isolation structure for integrated front or back lighting
US8368981B2 (en) 2006-10-10 2013-02-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Display device with diffractive optics
US7864395B2 (en) 2006-10-27 2011-01-04 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Light guide including optical scattering elements and a method of manufacture
US8798425B2 (en) 2007-12-07 2014-08-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Decoupled holographic film and diffuser
US8068710B2 (en) 2007-12-07 2011-11-29 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Decoupled holographic film and diffuser
US8040589B2 (en) 2008-02-12 2011-10-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Devices and methods for enhancing brightness of displays using angle conversion layers
US8300304B2 (en) 2008-02-12 2012-10-30 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Integrated front light diffuser for reflective displays
US8049951B2 (en) 2008-04-15 2011-11-01 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Light with bi-directional propagation
US8346048B2 (en) 2008-05-28 2013-01-01 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Front light devices and methods of fabrication thereof
US8979349B2 (en) 2009-05-29 2015-03-17 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Illumination devices and methods of fabrication thereof
US9121979B2 (en) 2009-05-29 2015-09-01 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Illumination devices and methods of fabrication thereof
CN102080809B (zh) * 2009-11-30 2012-09-26 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种光学塑胶片材及其制作方法
US8902484B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2014-12-02 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Holographic brightness enhancement film
CN108226177A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-29 蓝思科技（长沙）有限公司 一种便携式面油不良检测装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9219671D0 (en) 1992-10-28
AU4979393A (en) 1994-04-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO1994006871A1 (fr) Enseigne, procede de fabrication et encre correspondante
US6131322A (en) Sign plate for illuminated sign
US5477422A (en) Illuminated LCD apparatus
AU703553B2 (en) Illuminated sign and sign plate therefor
US6893135B2 (en) Light guides suitable for illuminated displays
US5249104A (en) Optical display device
EP0355805B1 (fr) Panneau lumineux
EP1066615B1 (fr) Enseigne lumineuse a couches translucides
CA2401260C (fr) Guides optiques adaptes aux affichages lumineux
EP0778440A3 (fr) Dispositif d'éclairage arrière et dispositif d'affichage couleur
US6526681B1 (en) Sign for illumination utilizing translucent layers
US2159095A (en) Dial
US6612055B2 (en) Sign panel using ambient or artificial light
US4215501A (en) Light efficient display device
KR100260236B1 (ko) 칼라사인보드
US6416204B1 (en) Illuminable refractive illusional surface
CN101842723B (zh) 扩散部件、扩散单元、照明单元和显示装置
JP4238977B2 (ja) 面発光装置
KR19980018023A (ko) 광투과 및 반사형 필름
US20240262126A1 (en) Device with backlit colored display and method of manufacture
JPH01225986A (ja) 螢光表示板
JPS61193103A (ja) 光輝性板
JPH04369619A (ja) 面光源装置
JPH1069244A (ja) オプティカルプレート
JPS6019475B2 (ja) 液晶時計

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT AU BB BG BR BY CA CH CZ DE DK ES FI GB HU JP KP KR KZ LK MN MW NL NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SK UA US VN

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA