WO1993002879A1

WO1993002879A1 - Multipurpose, towable, insubmersible or submersible structure of modifiable size adaptable to a wide variety of terrains

Info

Publication number: WO1993002879A1
Application number: PCT/FR1992/000768
Authority: WO
Inventors: Philippe Arifon
Original assignee: Philippe Arifon
Priority date: 1991-08-05
Filing date: 1992-08-03
Publication date: 1993-02-18
Also published as: FR2680144A1; EP0572577A1; AU2470992A

Abstract

Multipurpose structure and its equipment rendering the unit multipurpose and extendable, capable of being adapted to highly diverse terrains and uses at any latitude. It can be towed, may be submersible or insubmersible, self-powered, self-propelled and have variable dimensions, and can be steerable, towable, hitchable, juxtaposable, manually operated, automatic or remote controlled. It can have variable, regeneratable autonomy, and be used in a mobile, dynamic or static mode. Said structure comprises a self-supporting, dismantlable, box and associated equipment (Fig. 3), fitted with direct or indirect drive motors, optional steering elements (Fig. 3, 7A, 11B), optional motors (Fig. 11, 11A), multipurpose sliding rack (7) (Fig. 6, 7, 7A, 8, 8A, 8B, 10), inflatable, protected, multipurpose lateral equipment (Fig. 8, 9, 10, 11A, 12B), modular, dismantlable and foldable equipment for use as a shelter or accommodation, double bottom for storing power sources and housing steering equipment (Fig. 1), conduits and cables, power regenerating equipment (Fig. 12E), module converting the structure to a self-contained vehicle.

Description

VERSATILE, TRACTABLE, INSUBMERSIBLE, OR SUBMERSIBLE CONCEPT STRUCTURE OF MODIFIABLE DIMENSIONS THAT CAN ADAPT TO VERY VARIOUS TERRAIN.

The subject of the invention is a structure of versatile concept, towable, unsinkable or submersible, self-propelled, self-propelling, juxtaposable, attelable, couplable, of modifiable dimensions, directional, being able to adapt to grounds and to very diverse uses under any latitude, of mobile, dynamic or static use, of manual, automatic or remote-controlled operation, of variable and regenerable autonomy, whose choice of materials and their dimensions are compatible with the versatility of the structure and its equipment as planned. The structure according to the invention is particularly intended for towed, towing, static or self-propelled use, for leisure, for professionals wishing to have a base structure adaptable to their needs, by organizations anxious to have a homogeneous fleet but responding to specific uses (firefighters, large administrations, humanitarian organizations, scientific expeditions, municipalities, military). The structure according to the invention finds use in both industrialized and developing countries, for individual or collective purposes. The current structures are not versatile. The towable structures are mainly trailers, the self-propelled or self-propelled structures are either vehicles or boats, the amphibious structures are not trailers, whose designs limit the use of equipment whose use is tribal - taάre of the initial dimensions, and do not have the removable and interchangeable character of the parts essential to a wider versatility.

On the contrary, trailers, vehicles, boats or amphibious structures are often specific to the load they carry (boats, motorcycles, cars, passengers, specific equipment), on board solid or liquid materials. This specificity considerably limits the use of these structures as far as their adaptation by modification of one or more of their characteristic to adapt to specific and / or different needs of the user is impossible due to the character mono lithic of their construction. None alone possesses the aptitudes of all. The current structures are designed without taking into account the variable nature of their use (in time, place or purpose), and without being able to be equipped with elements which would facilitate and make the conditions of use reliable. The self-propelled, self-propelled and other characteristics of current multi-purpose structures are limited in their initial state of construction without any real adaptation to the extended versatility.

The state of the art can be defined by the following patents: - FR2653736: versatile unsinkable trailer that can adapt to a wide variety of terrains, consisting of an auger body with an adapted profile of a direct or indirect drive motor, by one or more tractors or propellers, means allowing re-adjust the ground clearance, means for connecting one or more trailers to one another, one or more compartments ensuring the buoyancy of said trailer, of a double partitioned bottom acting as a reservoir or compartment ensuring lottability, of a sliding gallery with stand to access the load, of a rigid unfoldable module forming a shelter. _. FR A. 1.580.844: the invention relates to a chest or container in the broadest sense of the word characterized by the fact that one of its dimensions is extensible at will so as to provide in all cases the volume useful wishes.

One of the embodiments of the invention leads to the realization of a luggage compartment made removable from its support by a quick and portable fixing device thanks to the appropriate gripping members with which it is provided. . FR.A.2.501.601: this gallery for a motor vehicle is made in one piece or consists of two independent transverse bars. Each bar comprises a fixed element, mounted on the sides of the vehicle by means of fixing lugs. On the fixed element is slidably mounted a movable element intended to receive the load. The movable element can be centered on the fixed or laterally secured element. This last position, in lateral overhang facilitates loading or unloading operations, especially in the case of heavy or bulky loads: skis, bicycle, boat ...

- RA2-596.344: this device comprises a fixed support mounted on the roof of the vehicle, which is constituted by a series of transverse rails; on this support is fitted a movable frame comprising transverse profiles which can slide longitudinally on the rails; Each of the profiles carries at one end an articulated link rod which is provided with a follower member retained and guided in transla¬ tion by the associated rail. This device which facilitates the loading of the gallery is particularly suitable for equipping tall vehicles, such as caravans.

—FR.A.1.463.585: Habitable vehicle as a vehicle trailer, intended for temporary stay, for example for camping, study trips, topographic measurements, construction and repair work in undeveloped regions, characterized vehicle in that it is composed of several assemblable and dismountable elements on which or in which are arranged the installations necessary for the needs of the occupants, these elements being detachably fixed on a trailer chassis. The elements fixed to the chassis include a floor piece which can form a single unit with the frame, a front wall and a rear wall, two side walls and a roof, these elements being demon¬ by means of assembling and fixing members. —FR.A.1.594.113: the invention relates to a habitable trailer for a motor vehicle, comprising an adjustable roof, extending above almost the entire body of the trailer, using which can modify, at will, the interior height of the trailer, the latter being remarkable, in particular by the following characteristics considered separately or in combination: a) the roof is connected to the body of the trailer by a quadruple articulated chain system , while the vertical walls, at least on the front side on the trailer body and on the roof, serve as spatial limits, said body being arranged as a frame and the roof as an element coupling. —FR.A. 1,578,798: the present invention relates to a device of articulated panels such that after pivoting they offer the appearance of a habitable volume because they are waterproof. The set is practical and quick to implement. It can be adapted on vehicles such as camping trailers. It offers, in addition, advantages of lightness, a quality of less bulk. The panels are designed in such a way that the assembly can be held without the aid of additional sup¬ ports thanks to the vertical articulations. In addition, the waterproofing is ensured. —FR.2.087.093: Dismountable and transformable system allowing the transport of a habitable road trailer suitable for navigation river. This boat consists of three basic elements. A front element provided with a movable panel allowing boarding, one where several intermediate elements and a rear element equipped with the propellant (s). The assembly obtained by calbes or bars connecting the front element to the rear element. The invention intended prin

—Cipally to be used as a pleasure craft should per

-to allow the many caravan owners to access river tourism by reconciling boating and caravanning.

- FR.A.597.063: boat trailer forming an extendable pontoon characterized in that it comprises: a) a boat part formed by a hull with a hollow for the passengers or loading and floats, the top of which forms a bridge capable of receiving and support or transport a habitalbe uni¬.b) an extendable part, foldable on the deck with float¬ tor forming a complementary area of evolution.c) a chassis with undercarriage detachable from the boat part during its setting eau.d) an apron for fixing a nautical engine.f) a manual or electric winch to facilitate loading or unloading on the deck and unfolding and folding of the extensible part.g) of a drawbar with ball d 'classic coupling.h) of a peripheral pontoon safety device by net or rope stretched over removable posts.

- FR.A.2.489.764: a folding starter caravan which includes a frame mounted and articulated on a trailer and covered with a tent canvas. The frame is symmetrically formed by two substantially identical groups of elements hinged together, each group (sleeping platform and hoops), being mounted and articulated on a longitudinal edge of the trailer body, and by roof elements hinged together and on the top of the innermost element of each of the said groups, thus connecting two groups, the unfolded caravan floor (bottom of the body and trays) being fully raised relative to the ground. The frame folds over the top of the trailer body by first folding the first group of elements, then the second group of elements, the roof being simultaneously folded between the two groups.

^ - FR.253.348: folding device intended for raising a vehicle or a passenger compartment.

- FR.A.2.569.437: device of a folding and modular living cell. THE DESIGN OF THE TRACTABLE STRUCTURE CONSISTS OF:

A self-supporting body in two main parts with an adapted profile. The self-supporting unit with an adapted profile takes into account the difficulties inherent in progress in difficult terrain. 1 THE FRONT removable part can be of variable dimensions, which while ensuring the tightness of the assembly, will be chosen according to the desired length and the volume of the various equipment housed inside (energy production, winches, transo rmateur, receptors commandes..etc) This front portion, preferably bolted comprises _Q or not a rear partition. Indeed, the volume thus available consti¬ kills, after assembly at the rear part of the structure, a compartment which can receive different equipment, ensuring, in addition to the energy production necessary for traction or propulsion of the structure, those necessary for operation of internal or peripheral equipment 5 deemed useful (motors, pumps, transofrmators, alternators, etc.)

In the latter case, the orifices and connections are provided to correspond to the orifices and connections going towards the rear part of the structure. The front portion may receive, according to the desires of the utilisa¬ tor one or pluseiurs wheels, as an additional supporting point, mo- _Q trice and / or directional. The interchangeable nature of this front part therefore allows:

- A modification of the general dimensions of the entire structure.

- A choice of corresponding equipment more suited to the needs of the user.

- A choice of inclination of the front apron sometimes corresponds to a more specific use of the structure.

- Ease of repair since the damaged part of the structure can be repaired separately or replaced. ₀ At the front, the front apron is tilted forward, has drawbar attachment points, as well as a fixing point located at the bottom, in the middle position which allows you to hang one after the other, a set of two structures coupled to the rear facing. At the upper part, a cover, articulated for a 5 der to the interior volume, can either be horizontal in the same plane as cover of the rear part, or be tilted forward depending on the chosen use. The necessary holes are provided for the cable outlet, the draining and cleaning of the interior volume, as well as the electrical connections and other controls (passage of the brake controls, controls leading to the wheel (s) fixed in front.) The front apron receives the fixing points for the drawbar, and those provided for receiving external equipment (wheels, fixing of simple towing element.) The apron front adapts to the ventral apron of the rear part of the structure according to a rounded, folded, curved or molded profile 2 THE REAR PART CONSTITUTED: a) The ventral apron of the rear part constitutes the protective element of the structure in difficult terrain, load-bearing in the liquid element or when the structure has to slip (snow, ice). Depending on the case, the supporting role is completed by the addition of floats, or the addition of skis. The ventral apron serves as a support for the attachment of the axle (s).

The ventral apron is connected to the rear apron according to a rounded, folded or curved profile, facilitating the sliding of an obstacle which would strike or land under the rear overhang when the structure progresses forward or to facilitate the progression of the latter in reverse. b) The adapted sides conforming to the profile of the front parts, the ventral apron and the rear part.

These sides in fact constitute lateral protection including wheels located inside the passages provided for this purpose. These sides, according to the choice of equipment of the structure, comprise at the lower part and at the rear, the outlets for the liquid flow used for propulsion in liquid medium, as well as the orifices allowing the installation and the use of systems for modifying the direction of ejection of the liquid flow.

Likewise, these sides can receive the fixing points of the additional floating elements. The upper part of the sides is profiled so as to constitute both a reinforcement contributing to the rigidity of the assembly, and lateral rolling paths for the sliding gallery. Note that the lower edge of the sides is connected to the ventral apron with an upward offset of the plane thereof in order to constitute a lip which allows it to be used as a support for fixing to other equipment (hard elements conforming to the profile of the lip in order to avoid its premature wear in the event of intensive use on snow or ice for example) by welding, by screwing, by riveting, by gluing (fixing of skis for example). In addition, these sides receive on their external face the fixing points allowing the lateral installation of a set of flexible structures, which may contain a fluid under pressure (air, water, fuel or other liquids). The latter are integral with a protection, removable, itself integral with the sides of the structure by means of fasteners articulated at the lower part of the side.

This assembly achieves, in the folded position against the external wall, a reserve of fluids integrated into the profile of the sutrcutre and of a reduced bulk, granting it additional possibilities of versatility and adaptability without encumbering the not very vulnerable character of the assembly. of the structure.

In addition, one-sided use, as an additional float, is possible when the structures are coupled side by side and two by two. Beyond this number, provision may be made to use the foldable pnneaux provided on the cover to make a rolling path on structures bilaterally using the additional floats. The "open" position is obtained by rotating the protective element around the axis of the articulated fasteners. This position can be obtained by filling the flexible structures, after unlocking the fasteners provided to hold the whole plate against the sides. A limitation of the opening angle can be obtained by a strap, a cable or a compass. The use of these side assemblies can be applied:

- As additional floats by inflation using a gaseous fluid. In the inflated configuration, the protective element is then held facing the plan of evolution of the structure by the pressure of the float.

The load capacities are then appreciably increased, as well as the stability of the assembly while having effective protection of the most exposed part of the float.

Note that this configuration provides identical advantages if the structure is used on snow.

- As additional tanks for liquids.

In this case, the partitioning of the inflatable structures may allow their partial use as additional floats.

Likewise, the rolling capacities of the structure remain if the increase in load is taken into account during its displacement. At a fixed station, this reserve of liquid will be appreciated either to increase energy autonomy, or to significantly increase, for example, the capacity of the structure in tank version. In the latter case, the emptying of the flexible structures by vacuum causes the automatic retraction of the protection; thus keeping the so-called structures safe (use in a fixed position in a risk zone of the structure for firefighters in the fight against fires.)

- As a ski after dismantling the inflatable structures and detaching the protective element from the side. This element can then be secured to the axle, in place of the wheels by means of supports, one end of which is fixed to the studs of the wheel drum and the other end to the fixings provided for this purpose. si¬ killed on the protective element, on the face normally facing the inflatable structure. In addition to the versatility of this protective element, this fixing system makes it possible to keep all the suspension and damping functions. The upper and lateral edges of the sides are profiled in order to receive the cover, to receive the means for sealing off the interior volume, and constituting the gallery running path, and allowing the fixing of the side panels of a fold module. rigid able as expected, c) The rear apron: Consisting of a rigid part on which is hinged a removable door facilitating rear access, without compromising the tightness of the assembly.

This rear panel has fixing points, including one at the lower part in the middle position, and allowing: - To couple the structures, rear faces facing each other, while serving instead of the rear door of each them, thus ensuring the tightness of each structure.

These attachment points will have their number and their location chosen as a function of the capacities of resistance to the stresses generated by this coupling, and of the characteristics of the materials chosen for the construction of the structure or of the reinforcement methods adopted. Note that the fixing points located near the upper corner will preferably be in the extension, and according to an adapted profile, of the gallery runway in order to receive and support the two gallery wheels when it it has slid completely towards the rear, thus allowing, without hindrance, the opening of the cover of the trailer, and the transfer of the gallery from one structure to another when coupled rear side opposite (for load distribution.) - Hang, in particular thanks to the fixing point located at the lower and middle part, the structures one after the other whatever the element or one wishes to make them evolve, without modifying the general characteristics of each of them. Appendices are provided, according to the same principle as those provided on the front panel, in order to be support points for the gallery when it is housed inside the volume and thus distribute the forces. The rear apron receives a power outlet allowing the electrical connection of a structure attached to it. d) The front is connected to the sides by following their profile and to the ventral apron. On the internal face are provided appendices serving as support points for the gallery when the latter is housed inside the rear part, this in order to distribute the forces.

This front part includes the necessary and corresponding orifices for the passage of the commands coming from the front part, as well as the points of the structure. e) The cover:

Of an identical or different material from the rest of the structure, it is provided thanks to a suitable profile, to allow:

- The closure of the interior volume of the rear part of the structure.

- The tightness, and depending on the case, the transofrmation of the interior volume in the tank.

- Receive, thanks to the space provided between its external face and the; facing the gallery floor, a foldable, rigid, flexible or semi-rigid structure, which can be deployed when the sliding gallery has been removed.

Note that rigid panels, or armatures, removable, stackable, articulated and integral with this cover, can find their place in this inter-face space in the folded position, and offer, after deployment, a suitable surface proportional to the surface chosen from said panels.

The stability of these panels is ensured either by crutches or by rigid connections between their outer edges and the fixing points provided on the sides or fixing points at the lip of the lower edge of these sides. This system provides both:

- A large covering area (heatable or air-conditioned depending on the equipment chosen).

- Insulation from the ground (small animals, humidity) including electrical if the crutches used are not conductive; - Access to the interior volume of the structure (rear door). - From the adjoining surface of the gallery at functional height.

- to have a fixed position on the ground, after removing a covered surface, while retaining the use of the towable structure, with or without the gallery. All easily reassembled and moved.

Note that the elements of an adaptable rigid and foldable module, peu¬ wind can be stored in the bottom of the structure, can adapt to the edges of the cover, to form a shelter whose cover serves as a floor. The gallery can be housed inside, or kept in a position pulled outwards, thus providing an available and functional terraced surface. f) The lower part, facing the internal face of the ventral apron, consists of a doubling of the bottom obtained:

- Either by fixing the double bottom by bolting, screwing gluing or welding, at a variable distance from the bottom, depending on the chosen use (liquids, batteries for storing electric current, installation at the rear of a winch, directional and proactive equipment.)

-Either for fixing a double bottom in the same way as above, but with the longitudinal positioning, in the middle position, of a bolted profile, screwed, glued or welded, on the internal surface the ventral apron and intended for:

- Increase the longitudinal rigidity of the assembly.

- Serve as a partition with a double bottom when it serves as a tank for liquids or volumes that increase or guarantee the buoyancy of the whole. In these cases, the perforation of the ventral apron would only affect part of the volume, thus guaranteeing the integrity and use of the contents of the remaining volume.

- Provide space for the passage of a cable from the front part, or the cable of a winch located at the rear and intended to be able to exit at the front of the structure.

- Keep the space necessary for the passage of one or more cana¬ lizations conveying the liquid used for propulsion if the choice of positioning of the turbine is at the front. - Save the space necessary for the passage of the movement control or transmission system (s) (electrical cables, sheaths for control cables, control linkages, transmission shafts).

^{A n} 8ter that this space thus provided can also ¹ be obtained by a profile adapted from the bottom of the ventral apron. In this case, and in order to preserve the uniformity of the plan and of the external face of the ventral apron, it is possible to add a protective plate made integral with this face and removable, thus making accessibility to the space complete. thus arranged as well as to the elements which it contains.

Finally, the front part of this space adapts to the interchangeable front part of the structure.

These different solutions do not modify the general characteristics or the possibilities of adaptation of the structure. This double bottom preferably contains the propulsion and directional mechanisms used to advance the structure in a liquid medium. Indeed, preferably at an outlet from the liquid flow at the lower part of the rear panel of the structure, which would penalize the propulsion of an assembly coupled facing rear faces, and preferably to a directional system placed on the rear apron (unusable in case of coupling as mentioned above, or fixed laterally, because vulnerable, impractical, even unusable), there will be installed an outlet of the propellant liquid flow in the lateral position and ar¬ The latter then takes part in sudden changes of direction thanks to a system modifying the direction of the flow which can also reverse its direction.

An outlet of the propellant flow as well as the mechanism allowing it to be directional and to reverse the thrust, will be arranged on each side of the structure. The angle of the flow exit axis with respect to the longitudinal axis of the structure will be calculated so that the result of the propelled forces of the lateral flows minimizes the loss of power. This solution makes it possible to use the self-propelling capacities of all the structures when these are coupled in any way.

In addition, the double bottom contains the inlet for the liquid used for propulsion.

Indeed, preferably at a liquid inlet located at the front of the structure, which would defuse if the structure rears or if its speed of progression led to planing, this entry would be all the more exposed to shocks, it will therefore be chosen entries located further back, at the base of the wheel arch surface. This positioning allows: - To be always well protected from the shocks inherent in the use of the structure in difficult terrain, snow or ice.

- To be below, all or part, of the waterline, and in all cases sufficiently in the liquid element to obtain a priming phenomenon.

- To be insensitive to the pitch-up or undercut phenomenon. - To limit the pressure losses caused by longer pipes.

- To be easily accessible. Note that even in reverse, the dosage of the direction of the thrust of each of the liquid flows makes it possible to be directional as well for a structure evolving in isolation as for a coupled assembly, including with the additional buoyancy arrangements. g) System allowing the orientation of the liquid flow, including the reverse thrust.

This system has the originality of being placed laterally, retractable, and integrated into the structure, therefore without modifying the characteristics and possibilities of the structure.

The deflection of the propellant flow is effected by the displacement of a part having a curvature at an appropriate angle, which is placed opposite and in the axis of exit of the flow.

This part is inserted in a support, the assembly being able to come out of its housing provided in the structure, either according to the pincipe of the sliding drawer or by rotation about an axis. The greater the deflection of the flow, the more the lateral thrust generates a significant change in direction.

Beyond a deviation whose angle exceeds 90 °, relative to the longitudinal axis of the structure, there is a reversal of the thrust, which can go as far as obtaining a direction of thrust of the flow parallel to the longitudinal axis of the structure.

These independent systems, installed on each side of the structure give it excellent maneuverability. This maneuverability remains even when the structures are coupled.

Note the possibility of using the self-propelling capacities of each structure, even when coupled, the flow outlet and the flow orientation systems being located below the system of additional floats.

Finally, structures whose dimensions or use would not be penalized by the conditions of use which led them to choose lateral and bilateral flow outlets, may very well be fitted with water inlets located more forward, single, or multiple, or simply receive on the transom a more conventional outboard motor, or the shaft of a propeller fixed to the structure (the passage of controls and movements being sufficient as foreseen by the invention. Ref: paragraph n ° 2, f, longitudinal section) h) traction systems by front and rear cables able to pull the structure in both directions, making it possible to relieve at leisure the thrust forces generated by the current of a watercourse on a set of coupled structures, and to put it in place from an initial position against the bank in line with the current. This system can be made more efficient thanks to the fixing points provided at the front and rear of the structure if they are equipped with deflection pulleys for the purpose of reeving the cable. This system can be operated as desired:

1) By a winch placed in the front part of the structure.

2) By a winch placed at the rear of the structure.

In these cases (1 & 2), the possibility of using both a cable exiting at the front to tow forward, and a cable exiting at the rear to tow rear requires:

- or the installation of two independent winches (1 by cable).

- either a single winch fitted with two cables each winding on a drum which can be detached from the axis of the drive motor. Note that remote control equipment, as provided for other equipment, allows a minimum of staff to set up a rolling path obtained by coupling the structures, even under difficult conditions (corns of high current water, i) Axles and adaptable parts: Single or multiple, based on a suspension that can use existing systems (torsion bar, compression of flexible material

(rubbers) coil spring ... etc) associated or not with amortis¬ sors.

The end of the axle axis on the wheel side is preferably splined, threaded and / or drilled for the installation of a pin. The light at the end of the lever arm receiving the axle of the wheel is itself grooved to slide in the grooves of the axle. The thread provided makes it possible to secure the assembly. After dismantling, and by rotating the lever arm around the axle axis, it is thus possible to modify the ground clearance, to erase the lever arm relative to the plan of the ventral apron, or remove it completely. The wheel axles can receive a direct drive motor (electric, hydraulic), or a toothed crown (chain drive), or a pulley (belt drive). Note that the wheel hubs are disengageable.

The braking system is provided by manual, automatic control (inertia brake), coupled to the towing vehicle, with the possibility of disconnection at the wheel. 3 THE HANDLEBAR: The removable drawbar is made up of an assembly in five parts minimum. This set is intended to:

- allow to be fixed to the front part of the structure in all its variants.

- allow the installation of one or more wheels as provided, fixed to the front part of the structure.

- allow its adaptation to the fixing points provided at the rear of the structure.

- allow, after disassembly, to use the parts to accou¬ ply the structures together. Note that the removable upper arm connecting the attachment point si¬ killed to the upper part of the front part is made up of:

- Either of two rods threaded at the opposite end, connected to each other by a piece with suitable threading, allowing the total length to be varied. One thus obtains a modification of the height of the end of the drawbar to adapt it to the point of attachment of the towing vehicle, or to obtain a coupling of several structures in the same plane.

This system can be replaced by a cylinder fulfilling the same adjustment functions, and which can be used, if necessary, to give the structure a bucket function.

The two side arms of the drawbar can be in one piece, or made up of two sliding parts, adjustable in length, used _a__œs: r-_3I _____ ^ __ L'_aC -_- ^^ -.- structures.

Indeed, the distance between two structures coupled side by side varies depending on whether or not the additional floats are used. The self-propelled character and the other characteristics of the present multi-purpose structures are limited by their initial state of construction without really enlarged adaptation. The attachment points at the ends of these arms are articulated. Note that these arms can serve as a passage, in their light, to the different sheaths of the brake controls, or of the electric cables coming from the towing vehicle, or from the preceding structure. The part of the drawbar which receives the attachment points of the three arms is articulated with them and receives the arm which connects to the towing vehicle, or to the preceding trailer.

A means of attachment to the upper part allows, after total or partial disassembly of the upper arm, to keep the rest of the drawbar in raised position, thus limiting the bulk when using the structure in self-propelled use. 4 EQUIPMENT:

A) INSTALLATIONS above or below the plane of the cover of the rear part: These devices are characterized by the fact that they are interchangeable, adapted as appropriate to the specific needs of the user, increasing the possibilities of the structure while retaining the versatility of the structure and its intrinsic qualities. This equipment can be either: - Installed above the cover.

- Installed in place of the cover.

- Installed in the interior volume of the rear part of the structure.

These equipment can operate: - Either independently.

- Either from an external energy source: Connection to the towing vehicle, auxiliary motor, mains current (compatible or made compatible (transofrmator).

- Either from the energy sources provided by the initial equipment of the structure and its means of energy autonomy (fuel storage electric batteries, housed inside the structure).

- Either by mixing the different possibilities above, a) Installed above the cover; either: - a gallery, the sliding nature of which does not prevent easy opening of the cover thanks to the profiles of the fixing points provided on the transom and which constitute an extension of the running path. The height of the gallery floor is at a height sufficient to allow the space thus formed to be used between its lower face and the upper face of the facing cover. This space can thus be used to accommodate the folding panels as described above (see the cover paragraph), or to accommodate a flexible shelter and hinged frames.

Note that the constituent, dismountable elements of the floor can be fixed to the upper part of the uprights in order to place against and opposite the underside of the cover when the gallery is housed inside the trailer. . These removable elements consist of sections made of fer¬ rous, non-ferrous or synthetic materials, associating or not a wooden part but sufficiently resistant to participate in the resistance to ef¬ forts applied to the cover.

This gallery, housed inside, rests on the wheel arches, and on the appendages provided on the internal faces of the front and rear panels of the rear part of the structure, this in order to contribute to the rigidity of the together, and with a balanced distribution of the forces, on the whole of the structure.

Similarly, it can receive the frame of a tarpaulin which protects its load or that which would thus use the interior volume of the structure (after removing the cover and the constituent elements of the gallery floor, the latter remains in place on its rolling path). In the latter case, the cover can be used using the lower lip on the sides of the structure. Finally, note that the fixing points provided at the upper part of the transom, as well as those already provided on the sides of the rear part, can adapt to the anchoring points of the gallery so that it can attach to it and thus have an access ramp function, either from the rear of the structure, or laterally. - Specific or standardized equipment (containers) using the surface, the load capacities of the runway, preferably removable because of their specificity, interchangeable. This equipment can vary according to the users, whether civil or military, connectable to the other planned equipment of the structure.

The space with the upper face of the cover may be while vir¬ tuelle. Note that the use of the gallery, as described above, and housed inside, allows, while retaining the reservoir function at the rear of the structure, to create inside of the said reservoir, a depression from a vacuum pump, without risk and this at the end of filling (EX: pumping of liquids with a high concentration of foreign elements, incompatible with the use of a conventional pump.) b) Installed in place of the cover:

These are specific pieces of equipment which, as a general rule, do not require the same removable facilities, but the user of which appreciates the general characteristics of the structure. c) Installed in the interior volume of the rear part of the structure:

1) This equipment can rest directly on the floor, and / or use the wheel arches, by marrying them or not.

These equipments thus housed are fixed on a frame whose dimensions are compatible with that of the interior volume which receives them, retains their removable and interchangeable character, can be fixed laterally on the upper edges of the sides of the structure. This applies in particular for equipment which requires that the assembly thus formed with the structure has a center of gravity as nasally located as possible, or whose height of the assembly is limited by the site of use (under -sol for example).

2) This equipment is that of a foldable rigid structure.

They are all compatible with the internal dimensions of the rear part or they can be stored and transported.

The lateral sides of the deployed rigid structure may not receive the intended panel. The uprights on these sides can then be soli¬ dariser with an identical structure placed in a terraced manner. The same goes for the rear part.

The desired volume is thus obtained by arranging as described the number of structures required, (field installation; base camp; field hospital).

Note that these elements are also compatible with the dimensions of the gallery, the interior volume of the structure then being fully available.

B) Related axles, suspensions and equipment. Intended for driving the rear wheels in order to provide the structure with motor capacities aiming to participate in its progress when it is coupled to a tractor vehicle, under difficult conditions, and to make it possible to obtain a source of movement for external use (example: driving a transmission part . 1 * fixed in place of the wheel). The sources of movement are multiplied by the number of wheels and are independent of each other.

This drive can be obtained by: - Either a direct drive by means of a motor integral with the carrying axle of the wheel (electric or hydraulic motor).

- Either in indirect drive obtained from a transmission of movement using a belt or chain, a shaft, or combined. In this case, the engine can be placed either in the front compartment. The transmission being by a shaft to the wheel drive mechanism, is housed inside the rear part, this proximity allowing 1 "'direct drive of the belt or chain.

It should be noted that the use of the disengageable hubs avoids the setting in motion of the drive means during the use of the structure in towed use.

In mode of use with the engine, the type of drive chosen is ac¬ coupled to a selective braking mode of, or, of the right or left wheels, This gives a directional power by rotation around the axis formed by the wheel or wheels kept braked.

The front wheel, in this case, remains free around its vertical axis, and accompanies the movement.

The rear wheel drive system can be used for driving an alternator. This training detachable afraid functional ⁿ er:

- manually and be used to recharge sto¬ ckage batteries when the structure is towed,

- Automatically by connecting the braking mechanism of the structure to the clutch system driving the alternator. This solution saves substantial energy.

Note that the front wheel (s), equipped with a similar drive system, and remain pivotable 360 °, thus allowing:

- to participate alone in changes of direction

- increase the traction of the whole - progress in reverse if the rear wheel motors do not have an inverter.

This assembly can be mounted on an articulated and / or retractable arm allowing it to be housed against the front apron in the high position, or all or part in a space arranged inside the compartment before the structure.

Finally, depending on the intended use, two wheels can be installed at the front, but more laterally can improve the distribution of the masses and the stability of the entire structure. C) Intended to facilitate progression on snow:

- Requires removal of the wheels.

This equipment incorporates the protective element of flexible structures attached to the lateral sides of the structure. This protective element, the front edge of which has a curvature, is provided in its middle part with fixing means for a part connecting this element to the fixing means of the rim of the wheel. The length, surface and rigidity of this element not only makes it possible to raise the entire structure on supporting snow or ice, but also and above all to retain the advantages provided by the suspension, while retaining the capacities evolution in deep and soft snow since the external face of the ventral apron then comes into contact.

D) Intended for controlling the various equipment: a) - Either from the front part of the structure, by conventional instrumentation placed inside and / or outside (engine; pumps, winches or other equipment specific). This location will be chosen so as to be protected from shocks. b) - Either remotely by means of mechanical (sheathed cables; rigid articulated triangles), electrical, optical, or radio electrical transmissions. The radio control possibilities will more particularly meet the specific needs of certain users (scientific expedition, firefighters, soldiers.) C) - Note that the connections provided for mechanical, electrical or optical controls (optical cables) are mainly aimed to allow positioning of the control station according to use or the nearby human presence is necessary:

- Use in difficult terrain.

- Use on the liquid element.

- Use of coupled structures. - Use for professional purposes.

- Use as a vehicle.

E) Intended to transform the structure into a vehicle:

The transformation of the structure consists of the installation of a control unit in place of the gallery. The latter removed, or stored inside, is replaced by a pipe unit which can accommodate one or more people. After having been fixed above the cover, the braking start, direction change and signaling controls are connected as provided above (paragraph 4 D / c).

The front part of the structure, for this variant, is designed to receive the lighting, signaling and registration equipment as defined by the legislation. Likewise, this part can be made so that its cover is inclined towards the front at a chosen angle facilitating visibility at the immediate front of the structure and / or extending into the profile of the unit. of driving.

When the control unit is fixed on the cover, the assembly can be raised to access the interior space of the rear part of the structure. Note that the general characteristics of the structure are preserved as well as those linked to its equipment. This variant allows:

- To develop in an urban environment the use of a captive fleet whose base (ie the structure, its equipment and its versatility) remains usable for purposes other than that of the transport of people, ( urban technical services, rental to individuals for professional use, firefighters etc.). This allows a significant reduction in investment and maintenance costs.

- To develop a vehicle usable on water in countries whose areas are regularly flooded.

- To reconsider the specificity of the modes and means of displacement when both terrestrial supports and water-borne supports exist.

Finally, the use of additional buoyancy equipment can be triggered automatically if use or the legislator wishes to have a particularly stable and secure structure. In this case, the inflation and deflation of the flexible structures is effected by an air pump, triggered for example by a switch actuated by the pressure of the water to cause inflation. Deflating by vacuum at the pump takes place when the water pressure on the switch stops. Valves limit or stop the action of the pump at the desired level of pressure or vacuum by setting the valves.

F) Equipment dedicated to using renewable energies: This variant is intended:

- To compensate for the energy losses linked to a long period of non-use (electric battery used to start the thermal engine; battery supplying the radio-control receivers). - To have a power source for electric storage batteries (use of fixed and isolated structures: scientific expeditions for example).

- To extend the initial energy autonomy. This variant uses the available surfaces: - From the cover of the front part. The available area, although relatively small, is generally always available.

- Unfoldable panels provided on the cover of the rear part of the structure. (See rear section paragraph e).

In fact, thus used, these panels are particularly well protected in the folded position.

The use of the surfaces of the covers of the front part and of the folding panels of the rear part are particularly suitable for the production of electricity, equipped with photoelectric cells. A variant uses the surfaces named above as solar collectors for hot water production. The water thus heated can be stored in the volumes provided for the storage of liquids. This variant will be particularly suitable for leisure use of the structure. Another variant uses the fixing points existing inside the structure to maintain a mast receiving an electric generator driven by the wind (wind turbine type). This variant is preferably suitable:

- Users who cannot use the side panels as a collection surface.

- To users located in areas with little sunshine or with strong abrasive power from the wind (air plus sand).

- For energy-intensive use.

The attached drawings are given as indicative and non-limiting examples. They represent a preferred embodiment according to the invention. They will allow the invention to be easily understood. Figure 1 is a schematic view, side view of the rear part. Figure 2 is a schematic view, side view of the front part. Figure 3 is a schematic view, side view according to Figures 1 and 2 of the towable structure. The towable, unsinkable, modular, versatile, adaptable structure supports its evolution, tends to solve these problems. To this end, the structure, considered basic, according to the invention is composed of different integral parts providing a self-supporting body with an adapted profile. This structure is designed to receive the various equipment réa¬ reading its adaptation to various uses, usable alone or together. Said structure is composed:

- Of a main front part receiving the necessary equipment with direct or indirect drive of the planned equipment, fixing points including those of the drawbar, the attachment points of the wheel or wheels located at the front, the connections of the controls and other cables.

This part contributes to the buoyancy of the whole. - A rear main part consisting of:

. A watertight compartment contributing to the buoyancy of the whole. . A double partitioned bottom serving as a liquid reservoir and containing a stiffening element in which the passages for the various controls and pipes are provided. - Fixing points on the rear apron fitted with a door, on the sides on the front bulkhead. . A hinged cover provided with attachment points for folding panels, attachment points for a folding frame supporting a tent with suitable dimensions, attachment points for adaptable equipment.

. From the side in the extension of the sides of the front part, serving as lateral protection, provided with fixing points for securing the additional buoyancy equipment and the supports of the cantilevered parts (foldable panels of the cover, rigid foldable module). - The lower edge of the sides produces a lip along the longitudi¬ nal axis).

- A sliding gallery, separable from the structure usable as an access ramp or as a structure for distributing the forces exerted on the cover. It receives the removable frame from the cover of the cargo area.

- A drawbar made up of five main articulated parts. The arm connected to the upper part of the front apron is adjustable in length and fitted with a cylinder to give the structure a bucket function. The lateral arms are adjustable in length to allow: Adaptation to one or more front wheels Coupling of the structures between them.

- Adaptable and versatile equipment: Foldable flexible lateral structures can act as additional floats, or liquid reservoir or ballasts.

Flexible foldable module

Rigid foldable module

Natural Energy Use Systems module

Propulsion and steering system.

The design of the structure consists of:

- A self-supporting body with an adapted profile taking into account the inherent difficulties: - Progress whatever the medium of development (solid or liquid).

- An increase in the capacities of the basic structure depending on the environment and the conditions of use.

- Adaptable, dismountable equipment, usable alone or in combination without compromising the basic qualities of the basic structure;

The various constituent elements of the basic structure are assembled in order to ensure the rigidity and the tightness of the assembly, in a manner compatible with the nature of the materials used. The shape of the structure allows: - Solo use

- Coupled use: in this case, with or without equipment on solid or liquid support, the capacities of the assembly are proportional to the number of structures used. The concept according to the invention gives the structure a basic function for versatile use as a towed or self-propelled mobile, couplable, with or without equipment, of modifiable dimensions, of specific standardized modules, and as 'installation stati¬ that responds to specific functions as part of a preserved versatility. This is how the concept of structure allows it to:

1) Progress on difficult terrain thanks to the profile of the front and rear overhangs, and to the de facto protection of the ventral apron and sides.

2) Not being dependent on a towing vehicle to overcome difficulties worship in difficult terrain or to position dynamically with respect to a fixed point in liquid medium (winch with front and rear output).

3 ° To adapt the basic structure to specific uses, to change the damaged front part, to reduce the costs of a park thanks to the interchangeable character of the front part.

4) See modify, load capacities, stability, autonomy, functions.

Respond to needs in both industrialized and developing countries.

5) Self-propel with directional power on the wheel or on the liquid element.

6) To constitute assemblies for mobile or fixed uses. 7) To receive direct, proximity or distance control means.

8) To be used in an underwater environment.

The attached drawings are given as indicative and non-limiting examples. They represent a preferred embodiment according to the invention. They will allow the invention to be easily understood.

- Figure 1 is a schematic view, side view. This view highlights the rear part, the fixing points, the double bottom, the orifices.

- Figure 2 is a schematic view, side view. This view highlights the dismantled front part, the adapted profile and the fixing points.

- Figure 2 A is a schematic view of the disassembled drawbar, split into its various constituent elements.

- Figure 3 is a view according to Figures 1,2 and 2 A showing the structure after assembly.

- Figure 4 is a view according to Figure 3 showing the positioning of the sliding gallery.

- Figure 5 is a view according to Figure 4 plan view.

- Figure 6 is a view according to Figure 4 or the structure is seen from the rear. -

- Figure 7 is a side view showing two structures connected together rear faces opposite. This view highlights the displacement of the gallery of one of the structures, and the position of a gallery inside another structure. - Figure 7A is a side view of two coupled structures or the protective elements shown in Figure 8, are used as skis. This figure shows a side view of the gallery with the reinforcements of the protection of its cargo space. - Figure 8 is a rear view showing two structures connected together side by side with positioning of the gallery inside and elements of its floor in the high position. This view also shows the positioning of the lateral equipment.

- Figure 8 A is a side view showing the tent and its folding frames in the open position after release of the sliding gallery, -flette side view shows the gallery in the ramp position of access from the rear .

- Figure 8B is a view according to Figure 4, showing the sliding gallery, resting on the support of the transom to clear access to the cover.

- Figure 9 is a rear view showing the tent according to fig 8 A and its extension after side panels hinged to the cover. This view shows inflatable side equipment acting either as additional floats or as liquid tanks. - Figure 10 is a front view of two connected structures, with their lateral equipment, showing the use of the structures as a tray and the use of a gallery as a lateral access ramp.

- Figure 11 is a side view showing a variant of the structure with two axles, with a part having fitted with driving or non-steering wheels. This view shows the layout of a driving modu¬ fixed to the upper part of the rear part of the structure.

- Figure 11 A is a view according to Figure 11, front view. It shows the front part of the structure when it is used as a land vehicle equipped with lateral equipment which can be used in amphibious use to increase the stability of the assembly.

- Figure 11B is a view according to Figure 11, side view. This figure shows the articulation of the cover supporting the control module, allowing access to the interior volume of the rear part. - Figure 12 is a rear view of the foldable and removable panels of the rigid foldable module in the folded position. This figure shows the stand in the support position and the removable side panels of the module.

- Figure 12 A is a view according to Figure 12, seen from the rear mon- trant the folded module housed completely inside the structure. This figure shows the module in the partially folded position with the stiffeners, also allowing movement of the structure. - Figure 12 B is a view according to Figure 12, viewed from the rear. This figure shows two structures with their rigid unfolded modules ac¬ coupled and highlights the communication between the modules when the removable side panels are removed.

This figure shows the lateral equipment serving as liquid reservoirs. - Figure 12 C is a side view of two structures with their rigid modules, connected rear face opposite and provided with a connection when communication between the two modules is desired in gar- άans the tightness of the together.

- Figure 13 is a diagram of the various combinations of possible but non-limiting assembly.

The structure according to the invention is composed of removable and interchangeable elements, forming a self-supporting box acting as a base and support for reliable equipment and increasing the versatility of the assembly whatever the purpose of the use. and from its environment, direct or indirect drive motors not shown in the figures, energy recovery systems not shown in the figures, manual or automatic means for adjusting the guard at ground not shown in the figures, means of coupling one or more structures 3,4, between them, of one or more compartments ensuring the buoyancy of said structure 3, of a double partitioned bottom acting as a liquid reservoir in which is provided the space necessary for the implantation of the propulsive organs and changes of direction in liquid medium as well as a longitudinal stiffener through which pass gain es, cables, and movement transmissions, from the upper edges of the sides forming a rolling path, for a sliding gallery usable for the distribution of the forces exerted on the cover and as a side or rear access ramp for equipment articulated and / or removable usable alone or together, standardized adaptable modules for the purpose of using the very specific assembly without compromising its versatility.

The concept of the multipurpose structure consists, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 7 A, -8, 8 A, 11, 12 in a self-supporting base with a suitable profile. This base, self-supporting box, 3, made up of parts 1, 2, 2 A, can be assembled, with suitable profiles, takes into account the difficulties inherent in progression on the road, in difficult terrain, on snow and ice, on and in the liquid element, and can accommodate the equipment giving it increased versatility. The axle arms are adjustable around their axis, the wheel attachment points can receive the binding 28 to transform the protection 20 into ski 20 B. This makes it possible to adjust the ground clearance, either as a function of the load, either depending on the terrain, or depending on the state of the snow. Note that the fixing points provided allow the constitution of a sled train and that the head structure or structures can be driven for the whole train.

The different parts 1 and 2 are preferably welded, glued, or in one piece, connected together and secured so as to be removable. The whole is waterproof and rigid.

- Figure 12 B is a view according to Figure 12, viewed from the rear. This figure shows two structures with their rigid unfolded modules accou¬ ples and highlights the communication between the modules when the removable side panels are removed. This figure shows the side fittings acting as liquid tanks.

- Figure 12 C is a side view of two structures with their rigid modules, connected rear face opposite and provided with a link when communication between the two modules is desired while keeping the sealing of the together.

- Figure 13 is a diagram of the different combinations of assemblies possible but not limiting.

The structure according to the invention is composed of removable and interchangeable elements, forming a self-supporting box serving as a base and support for reliable equipment and increasing the versatility of the assembly whatever the purpose of the use. and its environment, direct or indirect drive motors not shown in the figures, manual or automatic means for adjusting the ground clearance not shown in the figures, means for coupling one or more structures 3, 4, between them, of one or more compartments ensuring the buoyancy of said structure 3, of a double partitioned bottom acting as a liquid reservoir in which the space necessary for the implantation of the organs is housed propellants and directional changes in liquid medium as well as a stiffener longitudinal through which the sheaths, cables and bodies for transmitting the movement pass, from the upper edges of the sides forming a runway, for a sliding gallery usable for distributing the forces exerted on the cover and as a lateral access ramp or rear of articulated and / or removable equipment that can be used alone or in sets, standardized adaptable modules for the purpose of using the very specific set without compromising its versatility. The concept of the multipurpose structure consists, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 7 A, 8, 8 A, 11, 12, in a self-supporting base with the appropriate profile. this base, self-supporting box 3, made up of parts 1, 2, 2 A, which can be assembled, with suitable profiles, takes into account the difficulties inherent in progression on the road, in difficult terrain, on snow and ice, on and in the liquid element, and can receive equipment giving it increased versatility.

The axle arms are adjustable around their axis, the wheel attachment points can receive the binding 28 to transform the protection 20 into ski 20 B. This makes it possible to adjust the ground clearance, either as a function of the load, either depending on the terrain, or depending on the state of the snow.

Note that the fixing points provided allow the constitution of a sled train and that the head structure or structures can be powered for the whole train.

The different parts 1 and 2 are preferably welded; glued, or in one piece, connected together and secured so as to be removable. The whole is waterproof and rigid. The specific elasticity of the materials used is taken into account.

The ventral apron 12 constitutes the protective element of the structure, of the internal organs, and makes it possible to obtain better penetration into the air or the liquid element or to slide without difficulty over obstacles and over snow.

It serves as a support for fixing the axle (s). It is connected to the rear ta¬ blaster 10 A according to a rounded, folded, curved or molded profile which facilitates the sliding of an obstacle in contact with the rear overhang, and the progression in reverse.

The rear apron 10 A constitutes a rigid part on which a rear door 10 B is built up without encumbering the seal, and receives different fasteners of which the two, 6, provided at the upper corners serve as supports at the front end of the coulis- gallery health 7 in the pulled back position, figure 8.

The sides 13 of the structure are adapted and follow the profile of the front part, the rear apron and the ventral apron. The lower edge has a 13 A lip. The said sides in fact constitute lateral protection, including wheels situated inside the passages provided for this purpose. The lower part receives the attachment points 3 of the lateral equipment provided, 20, 15 C, and the orifices of the self-propulsion equipment 4, 5. The upper part receives the attachment and closing points of the equipment 20. The upper edge, according to a suitable profile, receives the sides of the cover 15, étan¬ che, and constitutes a runway 18.

The cover, 16, of the front part is hinged, is sealed. It can be tilted forward and receive connectable solar panels. The rear cover, 15, is hinged, its seal closed. It is designed to receive the unfoldable elements of a tent, 22 A, unfoldable panels, 15 A, and standardized modules (ex 31).

At the front part 9 of the rear part 1, a partition comes opposite a partition 10 of the front part 2 according to an assembly plane 10. The plane 10 separates the front part 2 from the rear part 1 of the structure.

The front part 2, which can be dismantled, has a profile which can vary depending on the specificity of the use of the structure. It contains the installation of equipment producing the energy necessary for the direct or indirect drive motor, the connections of controls, sheaths, cables and other movement transmission members, coming from the rear part 1, or from outside the structure. The front apron 8 receives the fixing points provided for the drawbar, the outlets for the winch cable and outlets for the liquid flow depending on the type. The rear part 1, detachable from the front part 2 contains the useful interior volume of the structure, and a double partitioned bottom, acting as a liquid reservoir, in the volume of which takes place a longitudinal stiffener, the pipes carrying the liquid flow of propulsion, propulsion systems and changes of direction and a winch according to the obtaining. Its various arrangements are not shown in the figures.

Equipment: tend to increase capacity, reliability and performance of a structure whose versatility becomes proportional. The possibilities to adapt a more specific front part of the use by modification of the profile and / or the volume does not affect the qualities of the adapted equipment:

- The sliding gallery 7 can have a loading space protection, 23, 23 A. Said gallery covers 7 A, and protects the folding shelter 22 A. It slides back beyond the vertical plane of the rear apron 10 A, to actually release the cover 15 and the shelter 22 A, by resting on the profile of the fixing points 6.

It keeps a horizontal position thanks to adjustable crutches 7 E. their use allows to separate the gallery from the structure while remaining in height for a reverse manipulation. The said gallery also serves as an access ramp 7 D, from the rear, from the side, or from the front, by resting on the fixing points 6, 3, 6 A. The said gallery, slid into the internal position 7 B, is supported on the wheel arches and the supports 7 C to support the cover 15 and distribute the forces to the structure. In this case, the removable elements of the expensive plan¬ 19 A come in position 19. î the folding lateral structures are articulated in 3 on the sides 13, cover and protect the flexible inflated elements 21. These elements have sides with profiles compatible with their use as a ski 20 B after having been joined thanks to the parts 28 fixed in place of the wheels 24. The inflatable elements are thus protected both in the deflated position 20 and in the inflated position 21, and bear on the protective element and are held by a strap which is not shown.

These so-called elements can be used as additional floats or as liquid tanks. They can be connected to a pump for automatic operation. In this case, the emptying of the air or of the liquids contained causes the automatic folding of the protective element against the side 13. The automatic inflation produces the opposite effect.

- The fixing points: are intended to receive the drawbar 25 at points 6 A from the front 2. A fixing point not shown in all the figures, located at the upper middle part, of the deck 8 makes it possible to support the drawbar in postion raised after disassembly of the arm 27. This fixing point also serves as an attachment point for a non-repré¬ felt cylinder giving the structure a bucket function. In this case, the arm 27 serves as a lock after use. A fixing point identical to 6 A is provided in the middle part and lower of deck 8.

The lateral attachment points 3 receive the lateral equipment, the gallery in the lateral access ramp position 7 D, the supports 15 C, ballast weights. The lip 13 A can receive fixing points by bolting.

The rear fixing points, 6, are located at the upper corners of the rear part 10 A to receive the gallery 7, or any other standardized element operating on the same principle, in the position received according to the arrow FI, to release the cover 15 completely and / or allow it to be opened, to allow the crutches 7 to be put in place. These points 6 serve to support the gallery 7 in position 7 D, to couple two structures facing the rear, and to receive the elements 29 of the drawbar for coupling two structures side by side. These same points 6 allow the coupling of two structures facing the opposite side (fig. 12 D), as well as the lateral couplings. A fixing point not shown in the figures allows the coupling of several structures to the suites (fig: 7 A).

The fixing points also serve as support for equipment located above the structure and unfoldable modules (wind turbine, antenna) fig 12 E

- The drawbar Fig 2 A consists of a part 25 and allows the atté¬ lage.

It may include an inertia brake, a parking brake, not shown. This element also receives a jocket type wheel. the part 26 receives the part 25, the upper arm 27 and the laté¬ ral arms 29 are secured by pinning. (Fig: 14).

The upper arm 27 is connected to the part 25 on one side and to the upper and middle attachment point of the deck 8 by pinning. It is adjustable in length to adapt the height of the coupling point to the end of the part 25.

A cylinder, not shown in the figs, can be fixed on the part 25 and a fixing point 6 A of the front apron 8.

The lateral arms 29 are connected to the part 26 and to the fixing point 6 A of the front apron 8, by pinning. These arms are adjustable in length.

The arms 27 and 29 are used for coupling the structures. Note that part 25 can be replaced by a fin acting as a rudder for the underwater use of the structure, or receive the end of a support mast for equipment aerial (wind antenna, sail ...) FIG / 12 E

- The front part 2, waterproof, receives a cover 16 horizontal or inclined towards the front (FIG: 11, or a sub! Aquatic version), and the fixing points 6 A. It receives in its internal volume the motors, winches , batteries, connections, control boxes, pumps, the number and power of which may vary. It receives one or more driving wheels or not, steerable.

- The axle (s) are equipped with a ground clearance adjustment system. The lever arm connecting the wheel is removable. These elements are not shown in the figures.

The wheel can be replaced by a part 28 allowing the ski 20 B to be fixed (FIG: 7 A). Said wheel can be replaced by a pulley dragging peripheral equipment. The wheel or wheels can be driven, by direct or indirect drive, and has disengageable hubs.

- the modules: they are removable (22 A, 31 A), foldable (22A, 31 A) rigid (31 A, 31), flexible (22 A), extensible (22 A), couplable (31A> a) Dismountable, foldable, flexible, extensible: 22 A Fig: 8A, 9. fits in the folded position in space 7A.

It is integral with the cover 15. The assembly can be removed, thus leaving the rest of the structure available. b) Dismountable, foldable, rigid, couplable: 31 A Fig: 12, 12A, 12 B, 12 C. Housed in the disassembled, full or partial FIG / 12 A position, the structure retains a load capacity. c) Removable, 23, 23 A. FIG: 7 A. it protects the loading volume of the gallery 7. d) Not shown in the figures, the structure can be the basis for transporting standardized containers housed in the interior volume of part 1, after having removed the cover, bearing on the wheel arches and the support points 7 C, or on the cover taking the place of the gallery 7. e) Removable, rigid, 31. FIG : 11, 11 A, 11 B. The driving unit 31 is provided so that the controls are connected to the front part 2. The use as a vehicle can be done solo, FIG 11 (urban vehicle, by captive) or as a driving unit, FIG: 11B, coupled to other structures (ex: FIG: 7A). These different uses are possible on the ground, snow, ice, or the liquid element. - The propellants: a) Those intended for land use with or without snow and ice, direct or indirect drive. The energy used, supplied by the motors and / or pumps of the front part 2, can be of an electrical, hydraulic, mechanical or pneumatic nature. Depending on the version, the power delivered to the axis can be modulated by a variator. The thrusters can drive all the rouxes shown in the figures. b) Those intended for use in a liquid medium. The entry of the liquid will be done in a nonlimiting manner, but preferably at the level of the wheel arches in order to guarantee the supply of liquid to the propellants when the plane of the support liquid is no longer at or above of the water line at the front of the structure (start-up, planing, predominant load at the rear). The rear lateral outlet of the liquid flow, 4 allows coupling, the use of lateral equipment, in all cases. The system 5 for changing and inverting the outgoing flow, moves to be outward, perpendicular to the sides

13. Its use allows two structures coupled opposite rear facing to participate in concert in the progress of the whole. - Equipment usable for underwater use of the structure. In this case, and to progress in a straight line, the front part is preferably equipped with a cover inclined towards the front according to a profile identical to that of the apron 8. The part 25 of the drawbar is replaced by a fin acting as a rudder. The structure can be ballasted using the lateral equipment. The use according to this mode of the structure can be done with or without human presence (in the latter case, the automatic piloting or the radio guidance allows the transport of freight outside the normal communication channels, including the ice cream).

Hydrodynamics can be improved by removable panels coming from obstruct the lateral opening of the wheel arches.

To overcome operational failures, and in order to guarantee the recovery of the structure and its load, a reserve of compressed gas makes it possible to expel the water from the ballasts; this system can be triggered automatically beyond a predetermined time (timer) or beyond a predetermined depth (manometric cap).

REFERENCES I: Arrow. : Rear part of the structure. : Front part of the structure. : Fixing points. : Lateral outlet of the liquid flow. : Liquid flow deflection and reversal system: Fixing point of the rear apron in the extension of the runway. A: Fixing points. : Sliding gallery. A: Space provided between the gallery floor and the cover 15. B: Gallery 7 positioning inside the rear part 1. C: Front and rear supports of the gallery 7 in position 7B. D: Positioning of gallery 7 on an access ramp. E: Adjustable crutches. : Front apron of the front part 2.: Front apron of the rear part 1. 0: Rear plane of the front part 2. 0A: Rear plane of the rear part 1. 0B: Rear door of the structure. 1: Assembly plan of the front part 2 and the rear part 1 of the structure. 2: Ventral apron of the rear part 1. 2A: Double bottom of the rear part 1. 3: Side of the structure. 3A: Lip on the lower edge of side 13 of the structure. 4: 10 A rear panel fixing point. 5: Rear part cover 1. 5A: Removable, articulated, foldable panel, from the rear part cover 15. 5B: Removable, articulated, foldable panel, from the cover of the rear part 15. 5C: Support element for the side panel 15A, 15 b. 6: Cover of the front part 2. 7: Gallery floor 7. 8: Red track on the upper edge of the sides 13. 9: Floor element 17 of the gallery 7 placed in the usual Lower position. 0: Protective element of the lateral inflatable structures in the folded position. 0A: Protective element of the lateral inflatable structures in the unfolded position. 0B: Protective element for lateral inflatable structures in ski use. 1: Flexible element of the inflatable structure in the unfolded position 20 A. 1A: Element 21 used to store liquids. : Removable, articulated, foldable frames of the cover 15. A: Foldable tent, housed with its frames 22 in space 7 A.: Tent whose frames are solidarisalbes at the gallery 7. A: Reinforcable frames at the gallery 7.: Wheel rim support. : Multipurpose drawbar of the structure. : Connecting piece of the various elements of the drawbar 25.: Element of the drawbar 25 adjusting the height. : Piece to secure the support 24 to the element 20 B used as a ski. : Drawbar side arm 25.: Directional wheel, driving or not. : Control unit. A: Foldable, rigid multipurpose module. : Foldable elements of module 31 A. A: Removable side panel for communication between two modules 31 A. B: Upright of panels 32 A, articulated at 32. C: Stiffening element allowing displacements in partial assembly of modules 31 A.: d ^r element and sealing connection between two modules 31 A.: depth fin. REFERENCES PL / 1:

Rear part of the structure. Profile. Front part of the structure. Profile. Timon. Various components. Structure assembled. Profile.

Structure with gallery. Profile view. Structure with gallery. Top view.

Structure with gallery. Positioning of the demountable elements constituting the gallery floor. Back view. PL / 3: Use of the sliding gallery.

FIG 7 Positioning of the gallery inside the structure. Profile. Total or partial transfer of the gallery from one structure to another. Profile.

FIG 8 Positioning of the gallery inside the structure. Back view.

Example of coupling of two rear facing structures. Back view. Example of the use of inflatable structures. Back view. Positioning of the removable elements of the gallery in the high position. Back view. FIG 8 B Use of the gallery by sliding back and holding on crutches. PL / 4:

FIG 7 A Example of coupling two structures. Profile. Example of structures equipped with skis. Profile. Use of the gallery with tarpaulin. Profile. Equipment of inflatable structures in the folded position. Profile.

FIG 8 A Unfolded flexible structure, integral with the cover. Profile.

Gallery in ramp position from the rear. Profile. PL / 5:

FIG 9 Foldable flexible structure integral with the cover, mounted with hinged panels foldable on the cover. Assembly with inflatable structures. Back view FIG 10 Installation example for inflating equipment. Front view. Example of coupling on the liquid element, with the partial use of additional float equipment. Front view. Gallery in lateral ramp position. Front view

PL / 6 Example of equipment with control module.

FIG 11 Self propelled structure with:

- Front section with suitable profile, equipped with two driving and / or steering wheels. Profile.

- Rear part fitted with two driving axles or not. Profile.

Same as FIG 11. Front view. Inflatable structures. Front view.

Example of access mode inside the rear part.

Foldable, rigid, versatile module. Mounted position. Back view.

FIG 12 module stored inside the structure.

Back view.

Module of FIG 12. Partial folding of rigid module for movement. Back view.

PL / 8:

FIG 12 B Coupling side by side of two structures equipped with a rigid foldable module. Back view.

FIG 12 C Backing facing opposite two rigid foldable modules with connecting elements, profile.

PL / 9: FIG 12 D Juxtaposition upper face opposite two structures.

FIG 12 E Example. ^' aerial equipment. Installation of a wind turbine for regeneration of stored energy.

PL / 10: FIG 13 Non-limiting diagrams of couplings. PL / 11: FIG 14 Schematic details of the drawbar. The adaptable verrin is not shown.

PL / 12:

FIG 15 Profile view of the structure in submarine configuration.

PL / 13: FIG 16 Diagram of the equipment for changing direction and version of the propellant liquid ÇLux.

Claims

Versatile, towable, unsinkable or submersile, self-propelled structure of modifiable dimensions, which can quickly adapt to very different uses, to very different terrins, including the liquid element characterized by the fact that: is made up of a self-supporting base made up of dismountable elements, attachment points for equipment which can be used alone or in combination, demountable, direct or indirect drive motors, command operating system manual, automatic or remote, self-propelled, directional, couplable, couplable, with variable and renewable energy autonomy, the design of which meets very diverse needs in all latitudes. Structure according to claim 1 characterized in that the front part (2) is removable and interchangeable, with an apron (8) inclined forward, a cover (16) inclined or not inclined downwards. This front part is waterproof, connected to the rear part (l) according to a suitable rounded, folded or curved profile, which facilitates progression in difficult terrain, on snow, on the liquid element or under water. This front part provides a compartment intended to receive the installations ensuring the production of energy necessary for the direct or in¬ direct drive of the tractor or propellant organs, the controls and their connections according to manual, automatic or remote-controlled modes. . The front apron receives the fixing points (6A) for the drawbar, the installation of a jar and are used to couple the structures together. Structure according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the removable drawbar (Fig 2A), can be secured to the front part (2), the constituent elements of which adapt to the different anchoring points provided on the structure. The elements of this drawbar make it possible to tow the structure and to couple them together.

Its disassembled elements (27,29) are used to couple the structures. The front element (25) is of variable height thanks to the element (27). The anchoring points (3.6.6A.) Of the drawbar elements and the drawbar elements (25.26.27.29.) Themselves serve as supports for the attachment of equipment external to the structure.

Element (25) is replaced by a rudder for underwater use. Structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the rear part (1) which can be assembled with the front part (2) is watertight provided a front wall (9) receiving supports (7C) to allow the support and the distribution of forces when the gallery (7) is in the internal position, a hinged cover (15) which ensures the watertightness of the internal volume coming to bear on the wall (9). the edges of the sides (13) profiled in the runway (18) and the rear plane (10 A) at the upper edge of retting (18) and the rear plane (10 A) at the upper edge of the rear door (10 B) articulated, mobile and waterproof, a ventral apron (12) which constitutes the protection of the underside of the structure connected to the rear apron is— a rounded, folded or curved profile facilitating progression in difficult terrain and on the rear side (13) in the extension of the sides of the front part (2) providing lateral protection, including wheels housed in interior passages, receiving fixing points (3) for lateral equipment and the lateral positioning of the gallery (7) as an access ramp (7 D), the said sides have a lip at the lower edge and are connected to the ventral apron, the rear part (l) to a rear apron provided with points fixing (6) for the structural coupling es between them, the coupling of a following one, the fixing of supports of aerial equipment, the support of the gallery (7) in position of rear access ramp (7D).

The rear plane receives supports (7C) with the same function as those placed on the front wall (9). Strture according to .revendication 1 & 4 characterized in that a double partitioned bottom (12 A) at the lower part of the rear part (1) constitutes a usable volume to participate in the floating of the structure for storing liquids , or receive batteries of electric accumulators.

The upper part which acts as a floor, is joined to the sides (13) by bolting, riveting, gluing or welded. This double bottom receives a longitudinal stiffener, mixture of the passage of controls, pipes, transmission shafts, cables, the propellants and the direction change system (5). This double bottom can receive a winch in an independent space. Structure according to claim 1 & 4 characterized in that the gallery (7) consists of a movable frame bearing on the upper part of the sides (13), demountable elements forming a floor in two positions (19, 19A ), can be housed inside the rear part (l) to allow the cover (15 to resist pressure exerted on it while distributing these pressures to the entire structure thanks to the supports used (7 C) and passage of the wheels, can receive removable cover elements (23, 23 A), can rece¬ see standardized containers or specific equipment connectable to the equipment housed in the front part (2), receives adjustable beels to be detached from the structure and remain in the waiting position at a suitable height to be changed again, can be used as a ramp access (7 D) in lateral or rear position thanks to the support points provided (3, 6). The displacement of the gallery is done on the runway (18) of the sides (13). Structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the equipment is adaptable, standardized, removable, usable independently or together to increase and / or increase the reliability of the versatile use of said structure: - A flexible, removable, foldable structure extensible (22 A) so¬ lidaire (15) and extension panels (15A), usable after translation of the gallery (7).

- Articulated lateral equipment (3) bearing on the sides (13) consisting of inflatable flexible elements (21) and profiled protective elements (2020 A) usable as ski (20 B) thanks to the part (28) provided .

- Directional equipment (and / or motors) adaptable to the front part (2) and connectable (controls, transmissions).

- Propulsion equipment on the carrying wheels with transmission of direct or indirect movement, electrical mechanics, hydraulics, or pneumatics.

- Traction equipment in the forward or reverse direction (not shown) also serving as support with respect to a fixed point (mooring). - Automatic or remote-controlled manual control system.

- a rigid unfoldable module (31 A), which can be accommodated in the rear part (1), can be coupled side by side, and / or opposite rear faces (fig 12 B, 12 C).

- Connectable elements for energy recovery. - Equipment for underwater use.

- Independent movement transmission equipment on the periphery (pulley on 24). Structure according to claim 1 characterized in that it can receive standardized, specific modules, using the versatility of said structure:

- Driving module (31) fixed on the cover (15) connectable to the front part (2) and its equipment.

- Quickly removable module, with low center of gravity with standardized container type (not shown).

REPLACEMENT SHEET