Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
  • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
  • F16B13/14—Non-metallic plugs or sleeves; Use of liquid, loose solid or kneadable material therefor
  • F16B13/141—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material
  • F16B13/142—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material characterised by the composition of the setting material or mixture
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J4/00—Adhesives based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; adhesives, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09J183/00 - C09J183/16

Definitions

• the invention relates to a reaction set for producing synthetic resin bodies for anchoring fastening elements in the fastening base, which can be used in particular in cartridges or destructible multi-chamber cartridges.
• the starting components of the synthetic resin and a suitable hardener are brought separately from one another to the fastening location and mixed there by driving in the fastening element.
• the formation of the synthetic resin body formed, which glues the fastening element to the fastening base, is therefore only started when the fastening element is in its end position.
• the hardener for the synthetic resin is enclosed in capsules which can be destroyed by pressure and in the cartridge with the other components of the reaction set, ie a curable synthetic resin, fillers are mixed without the capsules being destroyed.
• the reaction set is introduced from the cartridge into the prepared borehole and then the fastening element is driven into the borehole.
• the capsules are destroyed and the hardener is distributed in the reaction mixture.
• destructible multi-chamber cartridges these are introduced into the borehole and destroyed by driving in the fastening elements, for example anchor rods.
• the components are mixed together and the curing reaction of the synthetic resin is triggered.
• This technology owes its widespread use to convenient use and easier storage, transport and metering of the reactive starting materials of the synthetic resin body.
• Cartridges which contain reaction mixtures for the production of hardened plastic bodies have already been described in DE-A-12 05 038 in connection with a method for fastening anchor rods without a spreader head when anchoring mine spaces.
• These are glass or bakelite cartridges, in the filling of curable polyester or epoxy resin, a larger amount by weight of quartz sand or a capsule is introduced, which contains the hardener.
• Organic peroxides serve as hardeners. If pre-accelerated epoxy resins are used, an amine hardener is used. The pre-accelerated epoxy resins harden slowly with amines, so that when the fastener has to be able to withstand high loads, the glass cartridge and anchor rod must be preheated to temperatures above 150 ° C.
• Peroxide-hardened polyester resins are not sufficiently resistant to chemicals, especially not alkali-resistant. In the case of a basic fastening base in particular, this leads in the long run to a reduction in the mechanical properties of the plastic body. In addition, polyester resins cured in this way also show a relatively high water absorption, which can also give rise to corrosion problems in connection with metallic fastening elements.
• EP-A-150 555 proposed two-chamber cartridges in which a fine-grained natural or artificial mineral filler together with a vinyl ester epoxy resin based on acrylate or methacrylate were found in the inner or outer Chamber of a two-chamber cartridge made up of two nested glass cylinders, while the hardener, an organic peroxide, is located in the other chamber.
• the special feature of the cartridges according to EP-A-150 555 is that the resin component additionally contains an ester of an epoxy resin with acrylic or methacrylic acid dissolved in a reactive monomer.
• the storage stability of the pre-accelerated vinyl ester epoxy resin has, however, proven to be unsatisfactory.
• the pre-accelerated resin components known from WO-88/03599 for such a reaction set have a considerably longer shelf life.
• a vinyl ester epoxy resin By mixing 3 to 60 parts by weight of a vinyl ester epoxy resin, 63 to 3 parts by weight of an unsaturated polyester resin and 10 to 0.1 part by weight of a conventional epoxy resin, together with 28 to 45 parts by weight of one or more ethylenically unsaturated reactive monomers, the shelf life increases considerably.
• EP-A-199 671 describes the use of a curable acrylate, which is obtained by reacting acrylic acid derivatives with bisphenol and / or novolak compounds containing epoxy groups in solution in the reactive diluent, preferably styrene, for multi-chamber cartridges.
• a curable acrylate which is obtained by reacting acrylic acid derivatives with bisphenol and / or novolak compounds containing epoxy groups in solution in the reactive diluent, preferably styrene, for multi-chamber cartridges.
• the reactive diluent preferably styrene
• n has values from 1 to 2
• DE-A-39 40 138 (Al) describes the use of cycloaliphates which are curable by polymerization and are monosubstituted or polysubstituted by ethylenically unsaturated radicals in or as dowel masses which are characterized by low viscosity, extremely low volatility, extremely high boiling point and high Flash point, low toxicity, hydrophobicity and high compatibility with many polymers and resins. This results in less self-shrinkage and high hydrolytic stability even under alkaline and acidic conditions of the hardened mass.
• the known resins Despite the improvement in properties with regard to chemical resistance and low water absorption, the known resins have a relatively large volume shrinkage after curing.
• the object of the present invention is to further improve the known reaction sets, in particular to provide synthetic resin bodies which have a low volume shrinkage on curing and low water absorption and at the same time have good chemical resistance.
• This object is achieved by a reaction set for producing synthetic resin bodies for anchoring fastening elements in the fastening base, the reaction set comprising:
• reaction mixture in (a) 51.0 to 100.00 parts by weight of monomer 2.2 -Bis- [4- (methacryloxy-ethoxy) phenyl] propane, 49.0 to 0.0 parts by weight of unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, acrylic resin or a mixture thereof.
• the reaction mixture (a) preferably contains 75 to 99 parts by weight of the specific monomeric propane derivative and 25 to 1 part by weight of the abovementioned polymer resins and 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of accelerating agent.
• the total parts by weight of the reaction mixture preferably give 100 parts by weight.
• reaction mixture according to the invention contains no further reactive monomers.
• this reaction mixture according to the invention does not contain any monomeric styrene.
• reaction mixture can also contain other reactive ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
• the reaction mixture is pre-accelerated in order to obtain a rapid curing reaction upon contact with the hardener component.
• Diethylaniline, dimethylaniline, N, N-dimethyltoluidine, 4,4-bis (dimethylamino) diphenylmethane, cobalt naphthenate, cobalt octoate or mixtures thereof can be used as accelerators.
• the reaction mixture (a) contains 51.0 to 98.0 parts by weight of monomeric, 2,2-bis- [4- (meth-acryloxyethoxy) phenyl] propane, 0.0 to 48.9 parts by weight of unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, acrylic resin or one Mixture of the same and 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of accelerating agent.
• the reaction mixture according to the invention may additionally contain one or more liquid, non-reactive organic diluents in order to bring the viscosity of the reaction mixture into the desired range and, if necessary, also to change the flexibility of the synthetic resin body formed during curing.
• Suitable non-reactive organic diluents are acetone, diethyl amide, toluene, methyl ethyl eton (MEK), dibutyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, dihexyl phthalate or a mixture thereof.
• the pre-accelerated reaction mixture (a) based on the total weight of (a) contains 51 to 99.9 parts by weight of special monomeric propane derivative, 39 to 0.0 unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, acrylic resin or a mixture thereof, 1 to 5.0 parts by weight of accelerator and
• the reaction mixture preferably contains up to 5 parts by weight of non-reactive diluent and, accordingly, more monomer and / or unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, acrylic resin or a mixture thereof.
• the reaction ischu ⁇ g (a) may, if not preferred, additionally contain other reactive monomers, such as styrene, methyl methacrylate, ethyl ethacrylate, ⁇ -methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, butyl acrylate, dialyl phthalate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, dicyclopentenyl - oxylethyl ethacrylate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate.
• reactive monomers such as styrene, methyl methacrylate, ethyl ethacrylate, ⁇ -methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, butyl acrylate, dialyl phthalate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, dicyclopentenyl - oxylethyl ethacrylate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl methacrylate, benzy
• the pre-accelerated reaction mixture (a) based on the total weight of (a) contains 51 to 99.9 parts by weight of special monomeric propane derivative, 24 to 0.0 parts by weight of unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, acrylic resin or a mixture of the ⁇ the same, 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of accelerating agent and 25 to 0 parts by weight of one or more other reactive ethylenically unsaturated monomers (s).
• the reaction mixture may contain both non-reactive diluents and other other reactive monomers.
• the pre-accelerated reaction mixture (a) based on the total weight of (a) contains 51 to 99.9 parts by weight of special monomeric propane derivative, 24 to 0.0 parts by weight of unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, acrylic resin or a mixture thereof, 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of acceleration ger, 10 to 0 parts by weight of non-reactive liquid (s) organic diluent and 15 to 0 parts by weight of one or more other ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
• Suitable unsaturated polyester resins are unsaturated polyesters which are produced on the basis of two basic acids such as maleic acid, o-phthalic acid and / or m-phthalic acid or isophthalic acid with a dihydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol and / or propylene glycol.
• the unsaturated polyester resins cure or continue to polymerize to higher molecular weight solid polymers when brought into contact with a hardener.
• the polyester resins usually contain a diluent, which can be an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, such as styrene.
• polyester resins which do not contain styrene.
• the ester number of the polyesters should preferably be in the range from 250 to 460 mg KOH / g polyester resin. The ester number is determined in accordance with DIN 53401.
• Suitable vinyl ester resins are those which are obtained by reacting polyepoxides with ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids.
• the known polyepoxides such as glycidyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols and polyhydric phenols, epoxynovol ak, epoxidized unsaturated polyesters can be used for the production of the vinyl ester resins as long as they contain more than one epoxy group per molecule.
• the polyepoxides can be monomers or polymers.
• Suitable unsaturated carboxylic acids for the reaction with polyepoxides are ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated monocarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid.
• Particularly preferred polyepoxides for the reaction with ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids are bisphenol A epoxy resins, bisphenol F epoxy resins, novolak epoxy resins, halogenated bisphenol type epoxy resins, polyglycidyl ester type epoxy resins such as diglycidyl phthalate, polyglycidyl ether and a glycidyl ether type of an aliphatic alcoholic glyphidyl ether type .
• the secondary hydroxyl groups of the vinyl ester resins can be reacted with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride in order to form pendant half-ester groups.
• the preferred styrene-free vinyl ester resins or vinyl ester epoxy resins have an average molecular weight of 450 to 1200 daltons.
• the vinyl ester resins preferably have an ester number of 90 to 240 g KOH / g resin. The ester number is determined as described in accordance with DIN 53401.
• PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
• particle size 0.1 mm possibly partially dissolved in methyl acrylate
• the main component of the reaction mixture according to the invention is a bifunctional self-crosslinking monomer of the formula
• the reaction mixture (a) at 25 ° C. preferably has a viscosity of 300 mPa.s to 10000 mPa.s.
• Suitable peroxide hardeners are benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, p-butyl hydroperoxide, p-butyl perbenzoate and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.
• Filler (s) are (are) added to the reaction mixture according to the invention as filler substances.
• Preferred fillers are quartz sand, magnesia, clinker, marble powder, calcium carbonate, glass beads.
• the grain size of the fillers is in the range of 0.001 to 5 mm.
• the weight ratio of the total reaction set is preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight of cartridge glass
• the weight ratio of the total reaction set is preferably
• a suitable thixotropic agent is, for example, silica (Aerosil 200).
• Suitable thixotropic aids are, for example, polyhydroxycarboxamide solutions (Byk-R 605 from Byk-Chemie) and glycerol.
• Reaction mixture (a) 3.6 g of 2,2-bis [4- (methacryloxyethoxy) phenyl] propane is pre-accelerated with 0.03 part by weight of dimethylparatoluidine and with 9.2 g of quartz sand (particle size 0.04 to 0.7 mm) mixed. In the second chamber, 0.4 g of dibenzoyl peroxide (20 percent phlegmatized in gypsum) serves as hardener component.
• the multi-chamber cartridge has a total of 5.4 g of cartridge glass.
• Bond stress 16.2 N / mm Failure: bond fracture In game 2
• quartz sand (average grain size 1.2 to 1.8 mm) is used as the filler component.
• the other chamber of the two-chamber cartridge contains 0.25 g of dibenzoyl peroxide (50 percent desensitized in N-phthalate). The total amount of cartridge glass is 5.4 g.
• Anchor rod M 12 x 160, threaded rod quality 9.8
• the second chamber contains 0.35 g dibenzoyl peroxide (30th
• Anchor rod M 12 x 160, threaded rod quality 9.8
• quartz sand (grain size 1.2 to 1.8 mm) are used as the filler component.
• the proportion of cartridge glass in the reaction set is 5.4 g.
• Anchor rod M 12 x 160, threaded rod quality 9.8
• Bond stress 16.4 N / mm Failure: steel break
• quartz sand (grain size 1.2 to 1.8 mm) are used as the filler component.
• the proportion of cartridge glass in the reaction set is 5.4 g.
• Anchor rod M 12 x 160, threaded rod quality 9.8
• Cartridge glass portion of reaction set is 5.5 g.
• Anchor rod M 12 x 160, threaded rod quality 9.8
• quartz sand (grain size 1.2 to 1.8 mm) are used as the filler component.
• Patronengl asantei 1 reaction kit is 5.5 g.
• Anchor rod M 12 x 160, threaded rod quality 12.9. After a curing time of 0.5 hours at room temperature, the following strength values are determined:
• Bond stress 20.4 N / mm Failure: bond fracture
• encapsulated hardener (32% by weight of benzyl peroxide, phlegmatized in phthalate) 96.0 g of quartz sand (grain size 0.1 to 0.5 mm) are mixed to form a uniform reaction resin mortar and filled into a single-chamber cartridge.
• the mixed mass is introduced into a borehole with a diameter of 14.3 mm.
• An M 12 anchor rod with several cones and a wire screen sleeve are used.
• B 25 is strength 25.8 N / mm Failure: Anchor rod break At game 9
• encapsulated accelerator 70 percent by weight diathylaniline and 30 percent by weight dimethyl-p-tol uidine
• 6.0 g thixotropic agent determined
• 6.0 g encapsulated hardener 50 percent by weight benzoyl peroxide phlegmatized in phthalate
• 100.0 g quartz sand (grain size 0. 1 to 1.2 mm) mixed into a uniform reaction set and filled into a polyamide tube (width 26 mm).
• the cartridge is inserted into a borehole with a diameter of 17.0 mm.
• a threaded anchor rod, size M 16, rotating, is used.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (4)

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Citations (3)

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• 1991
  • 1991-07-02 DE DE4121832A patent/DE4121832C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1992
  • 1992-06-27 CA CA002102599A patent/CA2102599A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1992-06-27 WO PCT/EP1992/001451 patent/WO1993001246A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1992-06-27 AT AT92913287T patent/ATE135392T1/de active
  • 1992-06-27 DE DE59205709T patent/DE59205709D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-06-27 AU AU21737/92A patent/AU666856B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1992-06-27 EP EP92913287A patent/EP0592489B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-06-27 JP JP5501924A patent/JP2728976B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-09-22 US US08/119,205 patent/US6037408A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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