WO1992021852A1

WO1992021852A1 - Method and drilling apparatus for line drilling

Info

Publication number: WO1992021852A1
Application number: PCT/FI1992/000157
Authority: WO
Inventors: Matti LEPPÄLÄ
Original assignee: Tamrock Oy
Priority date: 1991-05-28
Filing date: 1992-05-22
Publication date: 1992-12-10
Also published as: FI912556A0; AU1760292A; FI912556A

Abstract

A drilling apparatus operated by a method of the invention for drilling a line of holes (2) in a rock wall (1) comprises a frame (3) braced on rock wall (1) by means of supporting elements (4) and said frame (3) supportingly carries a drilling rig (5), movably mounted thereon and periodically operated by means of hydraulically driven, electrical or like power units. In order to use the drilling apparatus especially in high precision drilling, such as slot drilling, line drilling or the like, four braces (4) included in frame (3) are fixedly secured to four attachment points (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) included in wall (1) by means of screw joints (7) for establishing a first position for frame (3). The drilling apparatus includes a first guide system (6a), mounted on frame (3) and extending in its first direction (S1) and a second guide system (6b) extending in a second direction (S2) deviating from the first one, said drilling rig (5) being adapted to be displaceable relative to said guide systems (6a, 6b) by means of transfer elements (8) and to be operated in the corresponding directions at certain intervals by means of power units for producing at least two lines of holes (2a, 2b) extending in directions substantially different from each other.

Description

Method and drilling apparatus for line drilling

The present invention relates to a method for drilling a line of holes, whereby a wall, such as concrete, rock, stone or the like is drilled to form a plurality of successive holes for producing a line of holes therein by periodically operating, at least in one drilling direction, a drilling rig movably mounted on a frame braced with supporting means in connection ^* with the wall, said drilling rig being mounted on the frame so as to be movable in a first guide system extending in its first direction. In order to apply the method particularly in high precision drilling, such as slot drilling, line drilling or the like, the supporting means are fixedly mounted in engagement with the wall by means of fastening elements, such as a screw joint or a like, at three or more, preferably four attachment points, for establishing a first frame position.

For example, a slot is generally produced in rock by using three methods: wire sawing, burning, and creating a slot by drilling. The drilling method as such has been known for a long time, yet there are still few rigs on the market especially intended for slot drilling.

However, the Applicant's current product range includes this type of apparatus, intended to be secured to a wall to be drilled by its four supporting legs. The apparatus comprises a drilling unit movable on a guide system mounted in its longitudinal direction, wherein the positioning of successive holes is effected by using a so-called long indexing rail. The indexing rail includes a clamping bar fixedly mounted on the apparatus frame in the longitudinal direction thereof. The clamping bar includes holes at certain intervals for locking the drilling unit therein in each in- dividual hole drilling situation. In addition, the drilling conventionally proceeds by initially drilling the first holes of a line of holes and by then drilling the second holes of a line of holes in spaces between the first holes.

For example, tunnel drilling and drilling of individual holes, such as drilling of blast holes, have been effected by using a variety of movable drilling units. ' However, drilling units of this type, which are also included in the Applicant's current product range, cannot be applied to high precision drilling operations due to their mobility and/or boom construction. In drilling operations of this type, the drilling depth is generally appr. six metres and, furthermore, the successive holes must be absolutely parallel to each other, so that the rock material to be extracted after the drilling operations can be removed without substantially breaking the material.

The presently available units are only capable of effecting line drilling in just one direction on a single setting. Therefore, for example in quarries, it is not possible to extend the drilling sufficiently close to the end wall and, thus, the corner must be slotted either by torching or by drilling the holes with another drilling unit. In this case, the torch cutting causes extensive damage to the rock and, furthermore, it is often also forbidden. The use of another drilling unit induces extra costs; furthermore, the drilling work becomes slower and successful drilling is not certain.

It is an object of a method of this invention to provide a decisive improvement on the above drawbacks and thus to raise the level of prior art. In order to achieve this objective, a method of the invention is primarily characterized in that the frame is fitted with a second guide system extending in a direction substantially different from its first direction, whereby the method is applied by moving and operating the drilling rig, at least in the first position of the frame, in at least one second direction substantial¬ ly deviating from the first direction of the frame for producing at least two lines of holes extending in directions substantially different from each other.

The most important benefits gained by a method of the invention can be said to be simplicity and reliability in operation, which factors are essential requirements for effective drilling work. By applying the method, the drilling work proceeds substantially more rapidly than what can be achieved by the available methods; no separate arrangements are required for corner drilling operations either. Thus, a method of the invention is also capable of substantially improving the productivity over the available methods.

The other non-independent claims directed to a method disclose preferred applications for the method of the invention.

The invention relates also to a drilling apparatus for applying the method. The drilling apparatus is defined in more detail in the preamble of the independent claim directed to a drilling apparatus. The essential characterizing features of the drilling apparatus are set forth in the characterizing clause of the same claim.

By using a drilling apparatus of the invention it is possible to carry out a drilling operation in a simple and reliable fashion also in view of corners in a manner that no other special equipment or procedures are required. By using a drilling apparatus of the invention the control and supervision of drilling work and operations become much easier than with the available drilling equipment and, furthermore, the drilling apparatus provides a good end result.

The non-independent claims directed to a drilling apparatus disclose preferred embodiments for a drilling apparatus of the invention.

The invention will now be described in more detail with^* reference made to the accompanying drawing, in which

fig. 1 shows a conventional problem target in drilling work, namely a corner,

fig. 2 illustrates a working example of a drilling apparatus operating according to the method of the invention and drilling a first line of holes, and

fig. 3 shows a corresponding drilling apparatus in the process of drilling a second line of holes.

A drilling apparatus operating according to a method of the invention for drilling a line of holes 2 in a rock wall 1 comprises a frame 3 which is braced on the rock wall 1 by means of supporting elements 4 and which frame 3 supportingly carries a drilling rig 5, movably mounted thereon and operated periodically by means of hydraulically driven, electrical or like power units. In order to use the drilling apparatus especially in high precision drilling, such as slot drilling, line drilling or the like, the supporting elements 4 included in frame 3 are fixedly fastened to attachment points 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d on said wall 1 by means of screw joints 7 for establishing a first position for frame 3. The drilling apparatus includes a first guide system 6a, mounted on frame 3 in its first direction SI and a second guide system 6b, extending in a direction S2 deviating therefrom, said drilling rig 5 being adapted to be displaceable relative to said guide systems 6a, 6b by means of transfer elements 8 and to be operated in corresponding directions at certain intervals by means of power units for producing at least two lines of holes 2a, 2b extending in directions substantially deviating from each other.

In one preferred embodiment, the drilling rig 5 travels in the first position of frame 3 by means of first transfer elements in the first direction SI of frame 3. The drilling rig is operated by means of power units in the first direction SI at certain intervals, the determination of a hole distance being effected by using indexing elements, such as an indexing rail or a like for producing the first holes of said first line of holes 2a. This is followed by displacing the drilling rig 5 in the same direction, whereby it is operated at certain intervals for producing second holes in said first line of holes 2a. Thus, according to the invention, in connection with a drilling operation effected in the first position of frame 3 said drilling rig 5 is displaced by means of second transfer elements also in the second direction S2 of frame 3, wherein it is operated the same way at certain intervals for drilling holes constituting a second line of holes 2b.

The above described method facilitates a corner drilling shown in fig. 1 so as to avoid the problems involved in the current methods.

Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate one preferred embodiment of a drilling apparatus, wherein said frame 3 includes four braces 4, located in its corners and fastened with screw joints 7 to attachment points 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d included in wall 1. The braces 4 at each end of frame 3 are joined together in second direction S2 by means of first frame members 3a which are joined together in first direction SI by means of a second frame member 3b. The second frame member 3b is accompanied by a first guide system 6a, the drilling rig 5 mounted on a cradle 5a being movable relative thereto by means of first transfer elements. According to the invention, the first frame members 3a are accompanied by a second guide system 6b, the second frame member 3b being movable relative thereto for carrying said drilling rig 5 in direction S2 by means of second transfer elements.

In one preferred embodiment it is possible to make said first direction SI and second direction S2 of frame 3 adjustable relative to each other by arranging at least one of the first frame members 3a and the second frame member 3b so as to be set at an angle adjustable by means of a linkage. If the first frame members 3a of frame 3 extend in diverging longitudinal directions, the second frame member 3b must of course also be variable in its length. Especially in utility rock mining, when drilling e.g. rectangularly shaped rocks, it is possible to effect the drilling in a single drilling position of the drilling apparatus according to one preferred embodiment of a method of the invention. Thus, the drilling apparatus is fixed in its first position, e.g. as shown in figs. 2 and 3, whereby the drilling direction p extends perpendicular¬ ly to a wall 1 to be drilled. The drilling rig 5 is movable on frame 3 within the zone surrounded by attachment points 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d in drilling direction p, whereby the lines of holes to be drilled in first direction SI and second direction S2 of frame 3 can be drilled in wall 1 substantially within the zone or area restricted by attachment points 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d included in wall 1. A method of the invention can also be applied in a manner that, in order to extend the second line of holes 2b drilled in the first position of frame 3, said frame 3 is detached from wall 1 to be drilled, is pivoted and fixedly re-attached in the second position to wall 1 to be drilled. Thus, the second line of holes 2b drilled in the first position of frame 3 and in its second direction S2 is extended with a drilling effected in the second position of frame 3 in its first direction SI. Thus, the drilling can naturally be continued by carrying the drilling apparatus in drilling direction in its second position forward with the lines of holes 2b continuing in the same direction. As the line of holes 2b is turning to extend in the next direction, the drilling apparatus is re-pivoted to its position corresponding to the next direction of a line of holes.

It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiment but it can be considerably modified within the scope of the basic conception as a result of the overall extent of a method and a drilling apparatus for the application thereof. Thus, for example, the guide systems and transfer elements can be designed in most diversified fashions, for example by applying the direct-pull principle. Naturally, a drilling apparatus of the invention can also be used for drilling individual holes in most diversified drilling directions.

Claims

Claims :

1. A method for drilling a line of holes in a rock wall, whereby a rock wall (1) , such as concrete, rock, stone or the like, is drilled to form a plurality of successive holes for producing a line of holes (2) therein by periodically operating, at least in one drilling direction (p) , a drilling rig (5) movably mounted on a frame (3) braced with supporting elements^* (4) in connection with said rock wall (1) , said drilling rig (5) being mounted on frame (3) so as to be movable in a guide system (6a) extending in its first direction (SI) , and for applying the method especially in high precision drilling, such as slot drilling, line drilling or the like, said supporting elements (4) are fixedly mounted in engagement with rock wall (1) to be drilled by means of fastening elements (7) , such as a screw joint or a like, at three or more, preferably four attachment points (4a, 4b 4c, 4d) for establishing a first frame position, characterized in that said frame (3) is provided with a second guide system (6b) extending in a direc¬ tion substantially deviating from its first direction (SI) whereby the method is applied by moving and operating the drilling rig (5) , at least in the first position of the frame (3) , in at least one second direction (S2) substantially deviating from the first direction (SI) of the frame (3) for producing at least two lines of holes (2a, 2b) extending in directions substantially deviating from each other.

2. A method as set forth in claim 1, whereby said drilling rig (5) is displaced in first direction (SI) of frame (3) and said drilling rig (5) is operated at certain intervals for producing first holes for said first line of holes (2a) , whereafter the drilling rig (5) is displaced at least a second time in the same direction and said drilling rig (5) is operated at certain intervals for producing second holes for said first line of holes (2a) , characterized in that during the course of drilling effected in said first position of frame (3) said drilling rig (5) is dis- placed in a second direction (S2) , the drilling rig (5) being operated at certain intervals for drilling holes constituting at least one second line of holes (2b).

3. A method as set forth in claim 1 or 2, whereby the length of frame (3) in first direction (SI) is substan¬ tially different from its width in second direction (S2) , characterized in that, in order to extend said at least one second line of holes (2b) drilled in the first position of frame (3) , said frame (3) is disengaged from said rock wall (1) to be drilled, is pivoted and fixedly re-attached in connection with rock wall (1) to be drilled for establishing at least one second position for frame (3) , whereby in the second position of the frame (3) , the second line of holes (2b) , drilled in the first position of the frame (3) in its second direction (S2) , is extended by drilling in said first direction (SI) of the frame (3) .

4. A method as set forth in any of preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that the lines of holes (2a, 2b) to be drilled in first direction (SI) and at least in one second direction of the frame (3) and in the first and/or second position of the frame (3) are drilled in rock wall (1) substantially within the area surrounded by attachment points (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) in drilling direction (p) .

5. A method as set forth in claim 4, whereby said attachment points (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) are located on rock wall (1) to be drilled and whereby, in a drilling operation to be effected, the drilling direction (p) is arranged to be substantially perpendicular to rock wall (1) , characterized in that said lines of holes (2a, 2b) to be drilled in said at least one second direction (S2) of frame (3) in the first and/or second position of frame (3) are drilled in rock wall (1) substantially within the area restricted by attachment points (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) included in said rock wall (1) .

6. A drilling apparatus for drilling a line of holes in a rock wall (1), such as concrete, rock, stone or^* the like, by drilling a plurality of successive holes therein for producing a line of holes (2) , said drilling apparatus comprising a frame (3) , which is braced in connection with rock wall (1) by means of supporting elements (4) and which frame (3) supporting- ly carries a drilling rig (5) movably mounted thereon, the drilling being^*effected by operating said drilling rig (5) periodically at least in one drilling direction (P) by means of hydraulically driven, electrical or the like power units and said drilling rig (5) being mounted on the frame (3) to be movable on a first guide system (6a) extending in its first direction (SI) and whereby, for operating the drilling apparatus especial¬ ly in high precision drilling, such as slot drilling, line drilling or the like, supporting elements (4) included in frame (3) are fixedly mounted in connection with rock wall (1) to be drilled, in order to establish a first position for frame (3), by means of fastening elements (7) , such as a screw joint or a like, on three or more, preferably four attachment points (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) , characterized in that said frame (3) is provided with a second guide system (6b) extending in a direction substantially different from its first direction (SI) , said drilling rig (5) being adapted to be displaceable in guide systems (6a, 6b) by means of transfer elements (8) and to be operated with power units at least in the first position of the frame (3) and in at least one second direction (S2) substan¬ tially deviating from said first direction (SI) of the 11 frame (3) for producing at least two lines of holes (2a, 2b) extending in directions substantially devia¬ ting from each other.

7. A drilling apparatus as set forth in claim 6, whereby said drilling rig (5) is adapted to be dis¬ placeable by means of first transfer elements in first direction (SI) of the frame (3) and to be operated by means of power units with the aid of an ^* indexing means, such as an indexing rail or a like at certain intervals for producing first holes in said first line of holes (2a) , whereafter said drilling rig (5) is adapted to be displaced at least a second time in the same direction and to be operated at certain intervals for producing second holes in said first line of holes (2a) , characterized in that during the course of drilling effected in said first position of frame (3) said drilling rig (5) is adapted to be displaceable by means of second transfer elements and to be operated by power units at certain intervals in said second direction (S2) of the frame (3) for drilling the holes constituting at least one second line of holes (2b) .

8. A drilling apparatus as set forth in claims 6 or 7, whereby said frame (3) includes as supporting elements (4) four bracing members, such as legs or the like, which are provided with fastening elements (7) for supporting elements (4) and attachment points (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) for the attachment thereof and which supporting elements (4) are located in the corners of the frame (3) , the supporting elements at each end of frame (3) being connected to each other in said second direction (S2) by means of first frame members (3a) , which are joined together in first direction (SI) by means of a second frame member (3b) which is accom¬ panied by first guide system (6a) , relative to which said drilling rig (5) , installed on a mounting frame (5a) , such as a cradle or a like, travels by means of first transfer elements, characterized in that said first frame members (3a) are accompanied by a second guide system (6b) , relative to which said second frame member (3b) is adapted to be movable for carrying said drilling rig (5) in second direction (S2) by means of second transfer elements (8b) .

9. A drilling apparatus as set forth in any of ^* preceding claims 6-8, characterized in that said first direction (SI) and second direction (S2) of frame (3) are adapted to be adjustable relative to each other by fitting at least said first frame member (3a) and second frame member (3b) to be set relative to each other at least at two angles by means of setting elements, such as a linkage or a like.

10. A drilling apparatus as set forth in any of preceding claims 6-9, wherein attachment points (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) are included in a rock wall (1) to be drilled and, in a drilling operation to be effected, the drilling direction (p) is adapted to extend substantially perpendicularly to said rock wall (1) , characterized in that said drilling rig (5) is adapted to be located on the frame (3) at least partially within the area surrounded by attachment points (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) in drilling direction (p) , whereby the lines of holes (2a, 2b) , to be drilled in at least one second direction (S2) , in the first and/or second position of the frame (3) , are adapted to be drilled in rock wall (1) substantially within the area restricted by attachment points (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) included in said rock wall (1) .