WO1992021825A1 - Procede de construction permettant d'amender ou de renforcer un sol - Google Patents

Procede de construction permettant d'amender ou de renforcer un sol Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992021825A1
WO1992021825A1 PCT/JP1991/001688 JP9101688W WO9221825A1 WO 1992021825 A1 WO1992021825 A1 WO 1992021825A1 JP 9101688 W JP9101688 W JP 9101688W WO 9221825 A1 WO9221825 A1 WO 9221825A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
injection
ground
pipe
injection nozzle
overhanging
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1991/001688
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shohei Chida
Takehiko Tokoro
Masatoshi Senda
Original Assignee
Chichibu Cement Kabushiki Kaisha
Nihon Sogo-Bosui Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP3129473A external-priority patent/JPH07111052B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP23432391A external-priority patent/JP2879386B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP23432291A external-priority patent/JP2879385B2/ja
Application filed by Chichibu Cement Kabushiki Kaisha, Nihon Sogo-Bosui Co., Ltd. filed Critical Chichibu Cement Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority to EP92900892A priority Critical patent/EP0541812B1/fr
Priority to DE69127366T priority patent/DE69127366T2/de
Publication of WO1992021825A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992021825A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
    • E01B2/006—Deep foundation of tracks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E02D3/126—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil and mixing by rotating blades
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/44—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with enlarged footing or enlargements at the bottom of the pile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for improving or strengthening soft ground, and particularly to improve the method by press-fitting a self-hardening material such as a high-viscosity or hardened cement-based material into a once loosened ground. Concerning the construction method.
  • Conventional technology such as a high-viscosity or hardened cement-based material into a once loosened ground.
  • a typical example is the chemical injection method.
  • a chemical solution is injected at a low pressure through an injection pipe inserted into the ground.
  • the basic idea is to inject the chemical solution without disturbing the ground.
  • This high-pressure injection method can be said to be extremely ground stirring.
  • the pure agitation method is mainly for viscous ground, with a stirring shaft having stirring blades inserted into the ground, and passing through the stirring shaft or a cement system from a separate supply system. The material is supplied, and the stirring area is replaced with a cement-based material or stirred and mixed with earth and sand while stirring the ground with stirring blades.
  • a low-viscosity material mainly a water glass material
  • a low-viscosity material mainly a water glass material
  • the reason that the improvement strength is low is that the ground is not replaced by the improvement material but is injected by infiltration or splitting injection, so that the ratio of the improvement material per unit volume is low and uneven. Is due.
  • the ground is extremely disturbed, and slime (muddy water) treatment requires a great deal of labor and cost.
  • slime muddy water
  • the improvement rate must be reduced, which is a time-consuming method.
  • the target is 30 kg / cm 2 or more for sandy ground and 1 Okff Z cm 2 or more for viscous ground. The problem is that the variation in strength depending on the position is extremely large. In particular, in the case of cohesive ground, there is large variation due to embedment of soil mass due to insufficient cutting.
  • the third method of agitation is a major drawback in that the equipment becomes larger, and in the case of a viscous soil layer, the mixture of the soil particles and the modifier is co-rotated with the agitation blade, and the agitation effect is very high. Therefore, the uniformity of the improved strength is lacking.
  • this stirring method targets viscous ground as described above. Application to sandy ground is not impossible, but it cannot be applied unless huge stirring means is used due to the large resistance of the stirring shaft and stirring blade to the ground. Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to improve the strength and uniformity of the improved body, to enable construction with simple and small equipment, and to limit or achieve the object of the compaction effect. The aim is to create a strong improvement only at the location.
  • the second object is to increase the distance of the high-pressure water from the high-pressure water injection nozzle and increase the diameter of the improved body.
  • a third object is to increase the diameter of the improved body and to make the improved diameter uniform at that time. Disclosure of the invention
  • the high-pressure liquid injection nozzle provided at the tip of the injection pipe inserted into the ground injects high-pressure water to loosen the target ground or, after loosening, the hardened ground in the loose ground.
  • a self-hardening material with a slump of 15 cm or less is press-fitted to create an improved body.
  • the improved ground can be created by loosening the target ground by injection of high-pressure liquid into mud, and pushing up and removing the mud by injection of a self-hardening material.
  • the point at which the ground is loosened by the high-pressure liquid and the point at which the self-hardening material is injected can be different, and a spout is formed at the distal end of the injection pipe, and the spout is located proximal to the spout.
  • An injection nozzle can be provided to allow the ground to be relaxed and the self-hardening material to be injected almost simultaneously during the process of raising the injection injection pipe.
  • the injection pressure of the high-pressure liquid from the high-pressure liquid injection nozzle can be 50 kg / cm 2 G or more.
  • the cutting ability of a liquid that loosens the ground increases when a surfactant is added to water.
  • the removed mud is added to the self-hardening material to make the improved material. be able to. It is preferable that the removed mud is separated into a supernatant and a concentrated mud, and the supernatant is reused as it is as a solution for relaxing the ground as it is or added to water.
  • the concentrated mud can be added to a self-hardening material and reused as a construction material of an improved body.
  • the injection pipe has two flow paths, one of which is used for supplying the ground relaxation liquid, and the other of which is used for supplying drilling water during drilling and for self-relaxation after ground relaxation. It can be used to supply hard materials.
  • the first flow path is used to supply the ground relaxation liquid
  • the second flow path is used to improve the ground cutting ability with the relaxation liquid
  • the third flow path can be used to supply the self-hardening material after the ground has been loosened, for use in supplying compressed air for air-lifting the ground.
  • rebars are inserted into the area to be improved and buried in the improved body, they can be used as piles or walls. If one improved body is connected in series, a pillar pile or pillar wall can be constructed.
  • the ground After loosening the ground, once the ground is pressed into the loosened portion, the ground is stirred and injected at the same time as in the jet grouting method, and a highly fluid filler having a large amount of unit water is used. The range of consolidation is expanded and the strength after improvement is higher than when used.
  • the target ground can be loosened.
  • the relaxation of the ground is mainly caused by the breakage of the connection between the large soil particles and the fine soil particles surrounding them.
  • this division increases the proportion of voids, and forms a path for subsequent injection of the improved material.
  • the slime since high-pressure water is used to loosen the ground, the slime is not a mixture of cement and soil particles as in the high-pressure injection method, but a mixture of water and soil particles. There is an advantage that slime treatment is easy. If it is a slime consisting only of water and soil particles, it is separated and added with water as high-pressure water for relaxation of the ground, and with a slurry containing soil particles added with self-hardening material such as cement. By reusing the slime, the overall cost of slime treatment can be significantly reduced.
  • the present invention can be easily applied to sandy ground, and there is a remarkable difference from the conventional stirring method in this point.
  • the relaxation of the target area of the ground and the press-fitting of the improvement material are performed in a separate process or another stage, the variation in the improvement strength seen in the high-pressure injection method is eliminated.
  • an overhanging injection portion is provided at the distal end portion of the injection tube at least in a state where the diameter is expanded to protrude to the outside of the tube, and the overhanging injection portion is provided with respect to the improved axis.
  • An injection nozzle for injecting high-pressure water outward is provided, and a spout of self-hardening material is formed at the tip of the injection nozzle at the tip of the injection nozzle.
  • This injection pipe is inserted into the ground to be improved.
  • high pressure water is injected from the injection nozzle in a state where the overhanging injection portion is protruded outside the pipe, and the ground outside the injection direction of the injection nozzle is rotated. And / or forming a relaxed mud column by releasing the self-hardening material from the spout into the relaxed mud column and press-fitting to form an improved body.
  • a reinforced method is provided.
  • a first injection nozzle for jetting high-pressure water in the radial direction is provided at the distal end of the injection pipe on the outer peripheral surface.
  • An injection section is provided, and a second injection nozzle is provided in the overhanging injection section for injecting high-pressure water farther than the outer end of the overhanging injection section toward the outside of the improved axis.
  • a spout of a self-hardening material is formed on the tip end side of the first injection nozzle, and this injection pipe is inserted into the ground to be improved.
  • the high pressure water is jetted from at least the second jet nozzle of each jet nozzle with the part protruding outside the pipe, and the ground outside the jet direction of the second jet nozzle is relaxed to form a loose mud column. While forming or after forming, this relaxing mud
  • a ground improvement or strengthening method is also provided, in which a hardened self-hardening material is discharged from the spout to press-fit the pillar to form an improved body.
  • the reaching distance of the high-pressure water from the first injection nozzle is made longer than the protruding length of the overhanging injection part, and when inserting the injection pipe into the ground, At least, high pressure water can be injected from the first injection nozzle to insert the injection pipe while loosening the ground.
  • the distance of the high-pressure water from the first injection nozzle is set farther from the outer surface of the casing, high-pressure water is injected from the first injection nozzle to loosen the ground, and The distance of the high-pressure water from the two injection nozzles can be made farther from the first injection nozzle, and the high-pressure water can also be injected from the second injection nozzle to loosen the ground.
  • the overhanging injection part can be freely expanded and contracted between the folded position along the axis of the injection pipe and the position protruding outward by operation from the ground, and is in a contracted state when the injection pipe is inserted.
  • the high-pressure water is injected from the injection nozzle provided in the overhanging injection section, it can be configured to protrude.
  • the most characteristic feature is that high-pressure water is injected from the overhanging jetting portion to increase the improved diameter.
  • the protrusion length of the overhanging injection section (exactly the outer surface of the pipe) The distance from the nozzle to the injection nozzle can be increased.
  • a first injection nozzle for jetting high-pressure water in the radial direction is provided at the distal end of the injection pipe on the outer peripheral surface, and an overhanging injection part projecting outward from the pipe is provided at the base side of the first injection nozzle, and
  • the use of an injection pipe provided with a second injection nozzle in the overhanging injection section has a great advantage.
  • high-pressure water is injected from the first injection nozzle, so that the ground can be loosened for the distance reached. Excellent in workability because it can be done.
  • an overhanging injection portion is provided at the tip end of the injection tube at least in a state of expanded diameter ejection to protrude to the outside of the tube, and the overhanging injection portion or an injection portion below this is provided.
  • the pipe is provided with an injection nozzle that sprays high-pressure water while covering at least the ground area of the projecting length of the overhanging injection part, and a spout of self-hardening material at the tip end of the lowermost injection nozzle.
  • This injection pipe is inserted into the ground, and high-pressure water is injected from the injection nozzle from at least a certain depth to a predetermined depth, so that the injection pipe has at least a projection length of the overhanging injection part.
  • the injection nozzle is provided in the overhanging injection section so as to face downward, or
  • the injection nozzle may be provided in a radial direction at a position below the overhanging injection unit on the outer surface of the injection pipe.
  • the overhanging injection part is provided on the overhanging injection part or the injection pipe below this. It is characterized by providing an injection nozzle that injects high-pressure water while covering the ground area for the length of the protrusion.
  • the reaching distance of the high-pressure water from each injection nozzle is short even if it is short.
  • the reach distance with respect to the shaft center can be lengthened, so that at least the protrusion length of the overhanging injection part is not required without increasing the pressure or reducing the nozzle diameter and without increasing the discharge flow rate. The area can surely relax the ground.
  • the injection nozzle when the injection nozzle is provided in a radial direction at a position below the overhanging injection portion on the outer surface of the injection pipe, there is no advantage in terms of a reach distance.
  • the overhanging injection portion appears as resistance to the ground, and can be used as an index for determining whether or not the ground is loose.
  • reduce the rotation speed of the injection pipe decrease the descent speed, increase the pressure or flow rate of high-pressure water from the injection nozzle, etc.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first process showing the first concrete example in the order of construction
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the second process showing the first concrete example in the sequence of construction
  • Fig. 3 is the first process.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the third process showing the concrete example of the first order
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fourth process showing the first concrete example of the construction order
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first process showing the first concrete example in the order of construction
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the second process showing the first concrete example in the sequence of construction
  • Fig. 3 is the first process.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the third process showing the concrete example of the first order
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fourth process showing the first concrete example of the construction order
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first process showing the first concrete example in the order of construction
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the second process
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the press-fit state of the self-hardening material.
  • Schematic diagram, Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the movement process of the improving agent
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another example
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another improved form
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another construction example.
  • Schematic diagram, Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of another construction example
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of mud reuse example
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of a triple pipe
  • Fig. 13 is press-fit.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of a pillar-type pile
  • Fig. 15 is a plan view of a pillar-type pile
  • FIG. 16 is the process of an improved example using a device with other stirring blades.
  • Schematic diagram Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the mud columns formed on the ground.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the construction state according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the construction state of another example
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the construction state of another example.
  • Fig. 21 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an example of an injection tube
  • Fig. 22 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a case installed
  • Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the subsequent pulling process
  • Fig. 24 Is another view of the injection tube
  • Fig. 25 is another view of the injection tube
  • Fig. 26 is a further view of the injection tube, and Fig. 27 is an example with stirring blades.
  • Fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of an example of a wing-spread type
  • Fig. 29 is a diagram of a wing-spread example of an example of a wing-spread type
  • Fig. 30 is another ground improvement mode Schematic diagram of the example
  • Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of another example of reusing mud
  • Fig. 32 is a plan view of a column pile or column wall construction example
  • Fig. 33 is a case according to the method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 34 is a longitudinal sectional view of the improved body
  • Fig. 34 is a horizontal sectional view of the same
  • Fig. 35 Longitudinal sectional view of an improved body of the case by jet Togurau Bok method
  • 3 6 Figure is its horizontal sectional view.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first specific example of the first embodiment.
  • an injection pipe 2 having a nozzle 1 at a tip portion is inserted to a certain depth in the ground, and thereafter, as shown in FIG.
  • the high-pressure water W is injected from the injection nozzle 1 into a pressure corresponding to the properties of the ground (soil, weakness, etc.) and the desired improved diameter, preferably Generally, the target ground is relaxed by spraying with a pressure of 50 kg / cm 2 or more, particularly preferably 80 to 350 kgZcm 2 . This loose ground part is indicated by the symbol S.
  • a press-fit pipe 2A is inserted into the loosened portion, and for example, the slump value (Japanese Industrial Standard JISA 1101) is 5 to Pouring a 5 cm, more preferably 8 to 15 cm, self-hardening material G to form an improved body as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show the mode when the improving material G is press-fitted.
  • Fig. 6, (1) to (3) indicate aging. From these drawings, it will be understood that when the improved material of the present invention is press-fitted, the improved material is pressed in a cream shape.
  • self-hardening materials such as cement mortar, cement clay, and lime can be used as the improving material, and those having high viscosity as described above are used.
  • cement mortar is the most preferable, and other inorganic materials such as fine particle slag and bentonite, and various additives such as foaming agents, foaming agents, anti-separation agents, and water reducing agents are added. can do. Furthermore, water glass and its hardener can be added in a certain ratio.
  • the first specific example is an example in which the injection pipe 2 and the press-fit pipe 2A are used separately.
  • an injection pipe 20 composed of a concentric double pipe having an inner pipe 21 and an outer pipe 22 is used, and first, the injection pipe 20 is used.
  • the cutting pipe 23 is inserted into the ground to a predetermined depth while cutting the ground with the cutting bit 23 at the tip thereof while applying a rotating force and a pushing force.
  • FIG. 6 is a plug for closing the gap between the inner pipe 21 and the outer pipe 22.
  • a conceptual explanation of the consolidation mode with reference to Fig. 7 shows that once the improvement material G has been injected into the loose ground, the injection of the improvement material G. Acts to push the improved material discharged earlier outward, resulting in a consolidation part Z, around the improved material and a consolidated body Z 2 at the center, as shown in Fig. 7.
  • the ground when using a double pipe or a double flow pipe as in the second specific example, the ground can be loosened by injecting high-pressure water in the process of introducing the injection pipe. The loosening of the ground during this descent can be applied to the first example.
  • each of the above examples is an example in which a continuous improvement body is created, but an intermittent improvement stage can be created as shown in FIG. In this case, it is intended to strengthen the whole ground by the branch skeleton.
  • the pressure of the high-pressure water refers to the pressure of a gauge usually provided in the vicinity of the injection pipe or on the outlet side of the injection pump.
  • the pressure is preferably 50 kg / cm 2 or more as described above. In some cases, it may be preferable to set it to 10 O kgZ cm 2 or more. It is desirable that the amount of water sprayed be 5 to 15 £ Z minutes.
  • the injection tube in the present invention one having an outer diameter of 8 Omm or less is usually sufficient. The same applies to press-fitting pipes. Hose etc. can be used for press fitting o
  • the present invention is applicable to various works.
  • the earth and sand part 30 in the track 31 subbase is strengthened, and as shown in Fig. 10, the weak part is improved below the concrete structure 40.
  • Wear. 32 is a ballast.
  • the high-pressure liquid for relaxing the ground it is preferable to use water in terms of availability and cost, but if a surfactant is added to water, the machinability of the ground is enhanced.
  • the mud generated by the relaxation is separated into a supernatant and a concentrated mud, and the supernatant can be used.
  • a mud pit 50 is provided at the mouth of the high-pressure injection pipe 20 and rises between the high-pressure injection pipe 20 and the hole wall with the replacement with the improving material G. Pumped mud 51 is pumped up by pump 52, and separated into supernatant 51A and concentrated mud 51B by separator 53, and supernatant 51A is supplied by pump 54.
  • the concentrated mud 51 B is supplied to a mixing drum 56 via a hopper 55, where it is mixed with the improving material G, and then the high pressure injection pipe 20 is filled or replaced by a pump 57. It can be supplied as an improved material.
  • the supernatant liquid is used for cutting, small particles are contained, so that the cutting property is good. Reusing the concentrated mud also reduces muddy water treatment. It is to be noted that the mud 51 can be directly added to the improving material G without being treated.
  • the injection pipe 2 and the press-fitting pipe 2A need not be prepared separately, and a single pipe having both functions is excellent in terms of workability.
  • the outer pipe side is used to supply the liquid for relaxing the ground, and the inner pipe side is supplied with the improvement material G.
  • a triple tube 60 as shown in FIG. 12 can be used.
  • the triple pipe 60 has an outer pipe 61, a middle pipe 62, and an inner pipe 63, and has an injection nozzle 64 attached to the outer wall, and an annular discharge port 65 for the air A formed therearound. is there.
  • compressed or high-pressure air for example, 5 kffZcni 2 or more
  • the mud 51 is smoothly discharged to the ground by the air lift effect, and the cutting ability of the ground is enhanced.
  • the flow path for supplying the improvement material G is closed by the lid 27, and the pressure that was initially supplied or reduced
  • the degree of press-fitting in other words, the pressure density of the ground can be controlled.
  • Such consolidation usually cures or semi-cures within a few hours of the modifier G, so it is desirable to perform it before that state.
  • a high-strength improved body can be obtained, so that a high-strength pile can be formed.
  • reinforcement of the improved body can be achieved by inserting one or more rebars or steel materials of appropriate shape (referred to as reinforcing bars) into the improved body. It is preferable to try.
  • reinforcing bars one or more rebars or steel materials of appropriate shape (referred to as reinforcing bars) into the improved body. It is preferable to try.
  • reinforcing bars for example, Figure 14 and Figure 1 As shown in Fig. 5, one or more reinforcing bars or reinforcing bars 70 made of appropriately shaped material are embedded in each improved body Z, and each improved body Z is connected by lapping. It can be created by doing.
  • the injection pipe used for feeding the improving material can be left in the ground and used for reinforcing the improved body.
  • the present invention can be used in combination with mechanical stirring and mixing means.
  • a cutting bit 82 is drilled at a tip end to a predetermined depth using a cutting port 80.
  • drilling is preferably performed while relaxing the surrounding ground by the injection nozzle 83 provided below the cutting bit 82.
  • the improvement material G is allowed to flow down or press-in.
  • a stirring blade may be provided above the cutting bit 82 so as to protrude from the mouth 80.
  • a first specific example of the second embodiment is in accordance with FIGS. 1, 17 and 18 described above. That is, first, as shown in FIG. 1, a relaxation tube 2 having a drill bit on the front surface of the tip and a high-pressure water injection nozzle 1 on the peripheral wall of the tip portion is inserted to a certain depth in the ground, and thereafter, As shown in FIG. 17, in the process of pulling up the relaxation tube 2 while rotating it, the high-pressure water W is injected from the injection nozzle 1 into a pressure corresponding to the properties of the ground (soil, softness, etc.) and the desired improved diameter.
  • the injection pipe 2 may be formed as a double pipe, and the injection distance may be increased by arranging the injection air around high-pressure water.
  • the injection pipe 3 is pressed into the relaxed mud column.
  • an overhanging injection part 30 is provided which protrudes at least to the outside of the pipe in a state of expanded diameter injection, and this overhanging injection part 30 is provided outside the improved axis.
  • An injection nozzle 31 for injecting high-pressure water toward the nozzle is provided, and a spout 32 for a self-hardening material is formed on the tip side of the injection nozzle 31.
  • the above-mentioned hardened self-hardening material G is press-fitted from the spout 32 at the tip to form the improved body A.
  • This improvement A can be created up to the ground surface or to a certain depth.
  • the injection of the self-hardening material is performed while pulling up the injection pipe 3 gradually upward from the bottom of the mud column, and the self-hardening material G is filled so as to gradually accumulate from the bottom. It is preferable that the injection pipe 3 is press-fitted while maintaining the length of immersion in the self-hardening material G.
  • the immersion length is preferably at least 30 cm, more preferably at least 50 cm.
  • the first specific example of the second embodiment is an example in which the relaxation tube 1 and the injection tube 3 are used separately. As shown in FIGS. Shows an example of performing band and perform the secondary relaxation area S the same injection pipe 3 to the formation of 2 A, or One The injection pipe 3 A also press-fitting of the self-hardening material G.
  • the injection pipe 3A of the second specific example of the second embodiment includes, for example, an inner pipe 33 and an outer pipe 34 shown in FIG. 21 as main constituent elements, and a flow path element in a gap therebetween.
  • the inner pipe 33 is provided as a flow path for the self-hardening material G, and the flow path 35 is used to flow the high-pressure water to the first injection nozzle 31A and the second injection nozzle 31B.
  • the first injection nozzle 31A is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the injection pipe 3A, and the base side of the first injection nozzle 31A has an overhang protruding outside the pipe as in the first specific example described above.
  • the injection part 30 is integrated.
  • a second injection nozzle 31B for injecting the high-pressure water to the overhanging injection part 30 outwardly with respect to the improved axis until the reach of the high-pressure water is farther than the outer end of the overhanging injection part 30 is provided. Is provided. Further, a spout 32 of a self-hardening material is formed on the tip side from the first injection nozzle 31A.
  • FIGS. 22 and 23 show a third specific example of the second embodiment.
  • the tip of the overhanging injection section 30 and the injection pipe beforehand Prior to the insertion of the injection pipe 3 into the ground, the tip of the overhanging injection section 30 and the injection pipe beforehand are inserted. After digging the casing using the casing 4 with a diameter having a radius larger than the distance from the axis, the injection pipe 3 is inserted into the casing 4, and the casing 4 is removed with the casing 4 removed. Rotation pull New paper In the lifting process, high-pressure water is injected from the injection nozzle 31 to relax the ground, and the self-hardening material G can be injected from the outlet 32.
  • a plurality of, for example, two overhanging injection parts of the present invention can be provided separately in the length direction.
  • the high-pressure water from the first injection nozzle 31A, the insertion area of the overhanging injection part 30A, the insertion area of the overhanging injection part 30B, the second injection nozzle 31B From the third injection nozzle 31 C to form an improved body having a radius larger than the overhang length of the overhang injection section 30 B.
  • the high-pressure water from the first injection nozzle 31A, the insertion area of the overhanging injection part 30A, the insertion area of the overhanging injection part 30B, the second injection nozzle 31B From the third injection nozzle 31 C to form an improved body having a radius larger than the overhang length of the overhang injection section 30 B.
  • an overhanging injection part 30C with triangular blades is provided, and the injection nozzles 31E, 31E ... provided on the inclined part are
  • high-pressure water is injected from the injection nozzle 31D at the outermost diameter to the periphery. it can.
  • downward injection nozzles 31 E, 31 E... are provided on the lower surface of the overhanging injection part 30, and are used for relaxation for inserting the injection pipe 3 C. be able to.
  • a stirring blade 40 is provided above the overhanging injection part 30.
  • the stirring blade 40 further loosens the loose ground, and if the rotation resistance of the injection tube 3C is excessively high. If it is large, it can be determined that it does not have a predetermined relaxed diameter, and it can be used as a determination index member.
  • the overhanging injection section protrudes outward from the pipe from the beginning, but at least the overhanging injection section only has to “project outside the pipe in the expanded diameter ejection state”. As shown in FIG. 29 and FIG.
  • the protrusion does not protrude to a certain depth, and when the predetermined depth is reached, for example, the blade expansion link mechanism blades 41 are provided, and starting when the diameter expansion is required, As shown in 29, the wing-spread link mechanism blade 41 can be wing-spread.
  • the blades 41 of the wing expansion link mechanism can expand the wings by pushing the outer tube 42 from the ground. 4 3 are drilling blades.
  • the hole diameter at the mouth is small, and the diameter of the part where the improved body is formed should be large. it can.
  • the self-hardening material is press-fitted from the injection port 32 of the injection pipe inserted to a certain depth to form an improved body. Although it is not impossible to inject a self-hardening material using a separate press-fitting pipe, the workability is significantly reduced.
  • the distance between the lowermost injection nozzle and the self-hardening material injection port 32 is at least about 5 Ocm, preferably 1 m or more, the high-pressure water and the self-hardening material G are obtained. Interference can be eliminated, and a good improved product can be obtained.
  • the supernatant can be used. This example is shown in Figure 31.
  • a mud pit 50 is provided at the mouth of the high-pressure injection pipe 3, and the mud 51 rising between the high-pressure injection pipe 20 and the hole wall with the replacement with the self-hardening material G is used as a pump 52. And then separated into a supernatant 51 A and a concentrated mud 51 B by a separation device 53 .
  • the supernatant 51 A is temporarily stored in a tank 58 by a pump 54, and Paper for forming loose mud columns Used as high-pressure water for water. When the supernatant is used for cutting, it contains small particles, so that the cutting performance is improved. ⁇
  • the thick mud 51 B is supplied to a mixing drum 56 via a hopper 55, mixed therewith with the self-hardening material G, and then charged into a high-pressure injection pipe 20 by a pump 57.
  • a mixing drum 56 via a hopper 55
  • the self-hardening material G can be supplied as a self-hardening material for replacement.
  • reusing the soil from the mud will reduce muddy water treatment accordingly.
  • the mud 51 can also be added to the self-hardening material G without treatment.
  • a high-strength improved body can be obtained, so that a high-strength pile can be formed.
  • a high-strength pile can be formed.
  • pillar piles or pillar wall continuous wall
  • reinforcement of the improved body is achieved by inserting one or more rebars or steel materials of appropriate shape (referred to as reinforcing bars) into the improved body. Is preferred.
  • one injection pipe is small in diameter and light in weight, so multiple lift pipes are gripped by one elevator, and the injection pipe group is raised and lowered at the same time. Improvements can be made.
  • a third aspect of the present invention is to form a mud column in a process of inserting an injection pipe having an overhanging injection section into the ground without forming a mud column in advance.
  • FIGS. 19 and 20 are also for explaining the first specific example of the third embodiment, where 3A is an injection pipe, which has a drill bit on the front face of the tip, and high-pressure water on the peripheral wall of the tip.
  • Injection nozzle 3 1 A and injection tube 3 A At the upper part of the nozzle 31A, there is provided an overhanging injection part 30 projecting at least to the outside of the pipe in a state of expanded diameter injection, and this overhanging injection part 30 is provided outward with respect to the improved axis.
  • An injection nozzle 31B for injecting high-pressure water toward the nozzle is provided, and a spout 32 for a self-hardening material is formed on the tip side of the injection nozzle 31A.
  • high-pressure water is injected from the first injection nozzle 31A using the injection pipe 3A, and the reaching distance is made equal to or longer than the length of the overhanging injection part 30.
  • the injection pipe 3 A While rotating the injection pipe 3 A, insert to a certain depth in the ground. At this time, drilling water can be discharged from the spout 32 as necessary.
  • the ground is relaxed by the injection of high-pressure water, and a mud column represented as the primary relaxation zone S is created.
  • high-pressure water is injected only from the second injection nozzle 31B while rotating the injection pipe 3A upward as shown in FIG.
  • a secondary relaxation zone is formed S 2
  • the self-hardening material G is injected from the spout 32.
  • the self-hardening material G is used to form the improved body A for a certain length.
  • the present inventors conducted an experiment for improvement in a crushed stone crushed land using an injection pipe substantially similar to FIG.
  • Ground relaxation liquid High-pressure water (pressure 200 kg / cm 2 ), injection amount of 80 liters, cutting speed: 30 minutes / m, improvement material used: cement, vent knight, sand cement It is a single-unit night mortar.
  • CCP method improvements were made using the so-called CCP method.
  • an improved strength can be increased, construction can be performed with simple and small-sized equipment, and a uniform and strong improved body is formed only at a target or limited area due to the consolidation effect. And other benefits.

Abstract

Procédé consistant à injecter un matériau auto-durcissant acquérant une consistance solide dans le sol à l'aide d'une lance et permettant d'amender ou de renforcer un sol mou. Après avoir ameubli le sol à traiter en injectant dans celui-ci de l'eau à haute pression à l'aide d'une lance pourvue de buses d'injection en son extrémité, ou concurremment à cette opération, le matériau auto-durcissant acquérant une consistance solide est injecté dans ce sol ameubli de manière à constituer un secteur asseni dans ce sol. Une lance dont la partie servant à l'injection fait saillie vers l'extérieur du tube peut être utilisée.
PCT/JP1991/001688 1991-05-31 1991-12-03 Procede de construction permettant d'amender ou de renforcer un sol WO1992021825A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92900892A EP0541812B1 (fr) 1991-05-31 1991-12-03 Procede de construction permettant d'amander ou de renforcer un sol
DE69127366T DE69127366T2 (de) 1991-05-31 1991-12-03 Konstruktionsverfahren zur verbesserung oder versteifung des bodens

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3129473A JPH07111052B2 (ja) 1990-06-01 1991-05-31 地盤の改良または強化工法
JP3/129473 1991-05-31
JP3/234322 1991-09-13
JP3/234323 1991-09-13
JP23432391A JP2879386B2 (ja) 1991-09-13 1991-09-13 地盤の改良または強化工法
JP23432291A JP2879385B2 (ja) 1991-09-13 1991-09-13 地盤の改良または強化工法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992021825A1 true WO1992021825A1 (fr) 1992-12-10

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP1991/001688 WO1992021825A1 (fr) 1991-05-31 1991-12-03 Procede de construction permettant d'amender ou de renforcer un sol

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0541812B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2087963A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69127366T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2109334T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992021825A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150086277A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 William E HODGE Method and apparatus for volume reduction of fine particulate
US20180238011A1 (en) * 2015-08-06 2018-08-23 Nitto Technology Group Inc. Jet grouting method, ground improvement body, and ground improvement structure
CN114775576A (zh) * 2022-05-05 2022-07-22 交通运输部公路科学研究所 一种青藏高原冻土活动层低扰动旋喷固化方法及装置

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BE1009256A3 (nl) * 1994-03-25 1997-01-07 Hydro Soil Servicessa Werkwijze en inrichting voor het behandelen van hoofdzakelijk uit slib en/of aanverwante materialen bestaande grondlagen.
DE19721361C2 (de) * 1997-05-22 2001-01-04 Zueblin Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Pfählen und solchermaßen hergestellte Pfähle
CN110566271A (zh) * 2019-08-02 2019-12-13 上海远通路桥工程有限公司 一种用于市政道路下伏富水采空区的加固施工方法
CN111395059B (zh) * 2020-03-23 2021-05-28 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 一种跨越坎儿井轻型路基结构的设计及施工方法
CN114182714B (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-08-09 广东华固工程有限公司 一种深厚淤泥地基加固方法

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JPS50113013A (fr) * 1974-02-15 1975-09-04
JPS54415A (en) * 1977-06-02 1979-01-05 Sanshin Kensetsu Kogyo Kk Structure of body of reinforcing ground and its execution method
JPS6019816A (ja) * 1983-07-14 1985-02-01 Nippon Sogo Bosui Kk 瞬結性薬液を用いる地盤改良工法
JPH01102122A (ja) * 1987-10-15 1989-04-19 Osaka Bosui Constr Co Ltd 地盤改良工法

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EP0346941B1 (fr) * 1984-03-23 1994-10-26 Stump Bohr GmbH Méthode pour réaliser des éléments de construction dans le sol tels que des pieux, des ancrages ou similaires ainsi qu'un dispositif pour l'application de cette méthode
JPS61207712A (ja) * 1985-03-12 1986-09-16 N I T:Kk 地盤改良工法及びその装置
JPH01121397A (ja) * 1987-11-05 1989-05-15 Nikka Kk 乾式グラウチング剤及びその製造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50113013A (fr) * 1974-02-15 1975-09-04
JPS54415A (en) * 1977-06-02 1979-01-05 Sanshin Kensetsu Kogyo Kk Structure of body of reinforcing ground and its execution method
JPS6019816A (ja) * 1983-07-14 1985-02-01 Nippon Sogo Bosui Kk 瞬結性薬液を用いる地盤改良工法
JPH01102122A (ja) * 1987-10-15 1989-04-19 Osaka Bosui Constr Co Ltd 地盤改良工法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150086277A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 William E HODGE Method and apparatus for volume reduction of fine particulate
US20180238011A1 (en) * 2015-08-06 2018-08-23 Nitto Technology Group Inc. Jet grouting method, ground improvement body, and ground improvement structure
US10472790B2 (en) * 2015-08-06 2019-11-12 Nitto Technology Group Inc. Jet grouting method, ground improvement body, and ground improvement structure
CN114775576A (zh) * 2022-05-05 2022-07-22 交通运输部公路科学研究所 一种青藏高原冻土活动层低扰动旋喷固化方法及装置
CN114775576B (zh) * 2022-05-05 2024-02-23 交通运输部公路科学研究所 一种青藏高原冻土活动层低扰动旋喷固化方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0541812A4 (en) 1993-10-27
EP0541812A1 (fr) 1993-05-19
CA2087963A1 (fr) 1992-12-01
EP0541812B1 (fr) 1997-08-20
DE69127366D1 (de) 1997-09-25
DE69127366T2 (de) 1999-02-04
ES2109334T3 (es) 1998-01-16

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