WO1992015778A1 - Moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents

Moteur a combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992015778A1
WO1992015778A1 PCT/GB1992/000385 GB9200385W WO9215778A1 WO 1992015778 A1 WO1992015778 A1 WO 1992015778A1 GB 9200385 W GB9200385 W GB 9200385W WO 9215778 A1 WO9215778 A1 WO 9215778A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
output torque
supplementing
lean burn
total output
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1992/000385
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Tsoi-Hei Ma
Original Assignee
Ford Motor Company Limited
Ford Werke A.G.
Ford France S.A.
Ford Motor Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Motor Company Limited, Ford Werke A.G., Ford France S.A., Ford Motor Company filed Critical Ford Motor Company Limited
Publication of WO1992015778A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992015778A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D23/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/43—Engines
    • B60Y2400/435—Supercharger or turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lean burn spark ignition internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle.
  • lean burn spark ignition internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle.
  • the term "lean burn” 10 as used herein is intended to signify an air to fuel equivalence ratio in excess 1.3, that is to say at least 30% more air than would be present in a stoichiometric mixture, the latter having an air to fuel equivalence ratio of 1.0.
  • a further problem is the N0 ⁇ content of the exhaust gas emissions.
  • the N0 ⁇ emissions are high but can be reduced to acceptable levels by means of a three way catalytic converter in the exhaust system.
  • the NO ⁇ content is significantly lower and could comply with statutory regulations were it not for the fact that during much of the drive cycle the engine cannot operate with lean burn.
  • existing catalytic converters cannot be used with a lean burn engine as they require a reducing atmosphere to remove the N0 ⁇ content and during lean burn the exhaust contains excess oxygen as the fuel in the charge does not use up all the available oxygen.
  • vehicles having known lean burn engines following a statutory drive cycle cannot meet the N0 ⁇ levels laid down in proposed legislation.
  • the invention therefore seeks to provide a lean burn spark ignition internal combustion engine which can comply with statutory regulations on N0 ⁇ emission and in which performance and drivability are not seriously impaired. Summary of the invention
  • an internal combustion engine calibrated to operate in a lean burn mode and characterised by means for supplementing the total output torque, in at least part of the speed/load range, without enriching the mixture beyond the lower limit of lean burn.
  • the means for supplementing the total output torque include means for increasing the air mass trapped in the cylinders as compared with the mass of air trapped in a naturally aspirated engine.
  • a turbocharger or supercharger may be used for this purpose.
  • the means for supplementing the total output torque include an electric motor driven by a battery which is charged by the engine during idling and cruising conditions.
  • the means for supplementing the total output torque include an inertial flywheel which is accelerated by the vehicle drive train during braking of the vehicle and/or by its own electric motor.
  • regenerative braking may be used in conjunction with a supercharger.
  • US 4,873,961 describes a lean burn engine with a supercharg ⁇ er and various supplementary sources of torque are known from the prior art.
  • sources of additional torque were brought into operation only during or after fuel enrichment had taken place, that is to say after the mixture strength had been increased beyond the limit of lean burn, in order to maximise the engine's torque output.
  • the supplementary torque is not used to augment the maximum power output of the engine but to enable more torque to be achieved while continuing to run with a weak mixture strength.
  • the supplementary source of torque in the invention is used as a substitute for enrichment of the mixture strength not an adjunct to it.
  • the present invention by enabling the engine to supply the torque required during acceleration phases without resorting to mixture enrichment, allows a lean burn engine to comply with the maximum limit specified for total N0 ⁇ emissions during the statutory drive cycle, without having to resort to a catalytic converter, which, as earlier stated, cannot currently function properly within the oxidising atmosphere present in the exhaust system of a lean burn engine.
  • the invention is essentially concerned with reducing the N0 ⁇ emissions of a lean burn engine during the acceleration phases specified in statutory cycles by retaining lean burn during these phases and augmenting the engine output by resorting to the supplementary source of torque.
  • statutory drive cycles do not extend to times when the engine is being driven for maximum performance, i.e. high acceleration and high speed. At such times also the mixture can be enriched beyond the lean burn limit without the engine failing to comply with statutory regulations. Thus the maximum engine performance need not be impaired by meeting these regulations and maximum per ⁇ formance of the engine would be the same as for any other engine of the same capacity. Indeed, the supplementary source of torque may be used during high performance driving to further enhance the engine output.
  • an engine 10 has an air intake system 12 and a drive train 14.
  • the output torque of the engine can be augmented by means of a supercharger or turbocharger 16 connected to the intake system 12.
  • a regenerative braking system 18 and an electric motor 20 are connected to the drive train 14 in parallel with the engine to enable the torque driving the vehicle to be assisted when the output power of the engine 10 is low.
  • a control system within the engine 10 determines the fuel to air ratio at all times and which, if any of the turbocharger 16, the regenerative braking system 18 and the electric motor 20 is brought into operation.
  • the engine Under normal driving condition in idle and part load operation, the engine is set for lean burn operation.
  • lean burn is maintained and torque is augmented by bringing any one or more of the supplementary sources of torque 16, 18 and 20 into operation. In this way, N0 ⁇ emissions remain low yet vehicle drivability and output torque remain acceptable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Moteur à combustion interne réglé de manière à permettre la combustion d'un mélange très appauvri, comprenant un dispositif destiné à accroître le couple total de sortie, dans une partie au moins de la plage vitesse/charge, sans enrichir le mélange au-delà de la limite inférieure de combustion du mélange très appauvri. La source de couple additionnel peut être un compresseur de suralimentation, un moteur auxiliaire ou un système de freinage à récupération.
PCT/GB1992/000385 1991-03-09 1992-03-05 Moteur a combustion interne WO1992015778A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9105046.8 1991-03-09
GB9105046A GB2253655A (en) 1991-03-09 1991-03-09 Lean burn i.c.engine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992015778A1 true WO1992015778A1 (fr) 1992-09-17

Family

ID=10691320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1992/000385 WO1992015778A1 (fr) 1991-03-09 1992-03-05 Moteur a combustion interne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2253655A (fr)
WO (1) WO1992015778A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0800946A2 (fr) * 1996-04-10 1997-10-15 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Système de commande pour des véhicules hybrides
FR2784626A1 (fr) * 1998-10-16 2000-04-21 Renault Groupe motopropulseur hybride
US7458203B2 (en) 2003-08-20 2008-12-02 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Hybrid vehicle and method for operating a hybrid vehicle

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0835438A (ja) * 1994-07-25 1996-02-06 Hitachi Ltd エンジンパワートレインの制御方法
FR2784714B1 (fr) * 1998-10-16 2005-07-15 Renault Procede de commande d'un moteur injection directe essence equipe d'un alternateur demarreur integre au volant d'inertie

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3870116A (en) * 1973-08-15 1975-03-11 Joseph Seliber Low pollution and fuel consumption flywheel drive system for motor vehicles
DE4015701A1 (de) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-29 Volkswagen Ag Antriebssystem fuer ein fahrzeug
EP0404114A2 (fr) * 1989-06-21 1990-12-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Moteur à combustion interne suralimenté avec un mélange carburé pauvre à haut régime et à haute charge

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2579936B2 (ja) * 1987-04-02 1997-02-12 マツダ株式会社 過給機付エンジンの空燃比制御装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3870116A (en) * 1973-08-15 1975-03-11 Joseph Seliber Low pollution and fuel consumption flywheel drive system for motor vehicles
DE4015701A1 (de) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-29 Volkswagen Ag Antriebssystem fuer ein fahrzeug
EP0404114A2 (fr) * 1989-06-21 1990-12-27 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Moteur à combustion interne suralimenté avec un mélange carburé pauvre à haut régime et à haute charge

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0800946A2 (fr) * 1996-04-10 1997-10-15 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Système de commande pour des véhicules hybrides
EP0800946A3 (fr) * 1996-04-10 1998-12-02 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Système de commande pour des véhicules hybrides
FR2784626A1 (fr) * 1998-10-16 2000-04-21 Renault Groupe motopropulseur hybride
WO2000023295A1 (fr) * 1998-10-16 2000-04-27 Renault Groupe motopropulseur hybride
US7458203B2 (en) 2003-08-20 2008-12-02 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Hybrid vehicle and method for operating a hybrid vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2253655A (en) 1992-09-16
GB9105046D0 (en) 1991-04-24

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