Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/575—Hormones
  • C07K14/655—Somatostatins
  • C07K14/6555—Somatostatins at least 1 amino acid in D-form
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

• This invention relates to the therapeutic use of somatostatin and somatostatin analog peptides.
• Somatostatin is a naturally occurring tetradecapeptide having the following amino acid sequence:
• a preferred compound has D-ß-napthylalanine (D-ß-Nal) at positions 1 and/or 3; Tyr at position 3; and Val at position 6. (Herein, when no designation of configuration is given, the L-isomer is intended.)
• D-ß-Nal D-ß-napthylalanine
• Applicants have discovered that benign and malignant proliferative skin diseases, e.g., melanomas and malignant skin metastases of melanoma, express somatostatin receptors and have developed a method of treating a mammal (e.g., a human) suffering from such proliferative skin diseases, by topically administering an effective amount of a somatostatin analog containing six or more amino acids, e.g, in a pharmaceutically acceptable inert carrier, to the affected skin surface.
• the analog may be present in the carrier in a concentration of, e.g., at least 10 mg/ml.
• the analog may be applied repeatedly to the diseased skin to achieve an approximate dosage of 125 ⁇ g/cm 2 of skin/day.
• the somatostatin analogs preferably have a four or greater amino acid sequence having at least 20% homology with the core region of somatostatin.
• the core region is made up of the amino acids at positions 7, 8, 9, and 10 of the naturally occurring somatostatin sequence shown above. More preferably, the somatostatin analogs have a six or seven amino acid sequence having at least 20%, even more preferably at least 50%, homology with the core region of somatostatin.
• the term "somatostatin analog" includes naturally occurring somatostatin with 14 amino acids as shown in the Background of the Invention, above.
• a 1 is D-Phe, N-Ac-D-hArg(Et) 2 -Gly, D- ⁇ -Nal, or
• each Z 1 and Z 2 independently, is H, C 1-12 alkyl, C 7-10 phenylalkyl, R 1 CO (where R 1 is C 1-20 alkyl, C 3- 20 alkenyl, C 3-20 alkinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or C 7-10 phenylalkyl), or R 2 OCO (where R 2 is C 1-10 alkyl or C 7-10 phenylalkyl), provided that when one of Z 1 or Z 2 is R 1 CO or
• R 2 OCO the other must be H
• Z 3 is CH 2 -Z 4 (where Z 4 is pentafluorophenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, phenyl, or o-, m-, or, more preferably, p-substituted phenyl, where the substituent is a halogen,
• a 3 is Phe, o-, m-, or, more preferably, p-substituted X-Phe (where X is a halogen, H, NH 2 , NO 2 , OH, or
• a 6 is Thr, Ser, Phe, Val, ⁇ -aminobutyric acid, or
• a 8 is Thr-NH 2 , Trp-NH 2 , L- ⁇ -Nal-NH 2 , or Thr(ol)
• Thr(ol) is NHCH(CH 2 OH)CHOHCH 3 ); or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• pharmaceutically acceptable salt refers to a salt that retains the desired biological activity of the parent compound and does not impart any undesired toxicological effects, e.g., an acid or base addition salt.
• hArg refers to homoarginyl
• the octapeptide somatostatin analogs useful in the present invention preferably have
• Preferred compounds of formula I above include
• somatostatin analogs suitable for the present invention are hexapeptides such as: cyclo(Pro-Phe-D-Trp- Lys-Thr-Phe) which has been shown to have the biological properties of somatostatin; and cyclo(N-Me-Ala-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Phe), which is 50-100 times more potent than naturally occurring somatostatin for the inhibition of insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone release.
• the present invention also covers the use of heptapeptide analogs of the formula: A 1 -A 2 -A 3 -A 4 -A 5 -Cys-A 7 -A 8 , (II) wherein A 1 is
• a 2 is o-, m-, or p-substituted X-Phe or X-D-Phe (where X is H, halogen, NH 2 , N0 2 , OH, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or C 1 -C 3 alkoxy);
• a 3 is X-Trp, X-D-Trp, ⁇ -N-methyl-X-Trp, or ⁇ -N-methyl-D-X-Trp (where X is a substituent on the benzene ring and is H, halogen, NH 2 , NO 2 , OH, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or C 1 -C 3 alkoxy);
• a 4 is Lys, ⁇ -N-methyl-Lys, or ⁇ -N-R 1 -Lys (where R 1 is C 1 -C 3 alkyl);
• a 5 is Val or Thr
• a 7 is Pro or
• Z is H or CH 3 and T is H, CH 2 OH, CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH, CH(CH 3 )OH, isobutyl, benzyl (substituted in the o-, m-, or p-positions with H, halogen, NH 2 , NO 2 , OH, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or C 1 -C 3 alkoxy), CH 2 - ⁇ -naphthyl (substituted on the benzene ring with H, halogen, NH 2 , NO 2 , OH, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or C 1 -C 3 alkoxy), or CH 2 -pyridyl (substituted on the benzene ring with H, halogen, NH 2 , OH, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or C 1 -C 3 alkoxy; and
• a 8 is
• R 2 is H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl
• CH 2 OH CH 2 OCR 3 (where R 3 is C 1 -C 3 alkyl, C 8 -C 12 aralkyl, or phenoxy)
• R 4 is H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl and R 5 is H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, phenyl, or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl
• R 5 is H, C 1 -C 3 alkyl, phenyl, or C 7 -C 10 aralkyl
• octapeptide formulas suitable for the present invention are linear somatostatin analogs:
• a 1 is a D-isomer of any of Ala, pyridyl-Ala, Leu,
• a 2 is any of Ala, pyridyl-Ala, Leu, Ile, Val, Met, Nle, Trp, ⁇ -Nal, o-X-Phe (wherein X is H, CH 3 , Cl, Br, F, OH, OCH 3 , or NO 2 ), 2,4-dichloro-Phe, or pentafluoro-Phe;
• a 3 is any of Ala, pyridyl-Ala, Leu, Ile, Val, Met, Nle, Trp, Tyr, ⁇ -Nal, o-X-Phe (wherein X is H, CH 3 , Cl, Br,
• a 6 is any of Ala, pyridyl-Ala, Leu, Ile, Val, Lys,
• a 7 is any of Ala, pyridyl-Ala, Leu, Ile, Val, Met, Nle, Trp, ⁇ -Nal, o-X-Phe (wherein X is H, CH 3 , Cl, Br, F, OH, OCH 3 , or NO 2 ), p-X-Phe (wherein X is H, CH 3 , Cl, Br, F, OH, OCH 3 , or NO 2 ), 2,4-dichloro-Phe, or pentafluoro-Phe;
• each of R 1 and R 2 is any of H, lower acyl, or lower alkyl; and R 3 is H, NH 2 , or lower alkyl; provided that at least one of A 1 and A 8 must be an aromatic amino acid; and further provided that if either A 2 or A 7 is an aromatic amino acid, then A cannot be an aromatic amino acid; and further provided that R 4 may be nothing or may be carbohydrate, e.g., C x (H 2 O) y , where x is 1-18 and y is 1-16, linked through the hydroxyl group of Ser or Thr; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• a therapeutically effective amount of the somatostatin analog is applied to the site of diseased skin or is combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier substance or excipient, e.g., a spreadable cream, gel, lotion, or ointment, to form a therapeutic compound that will achieve transport of the analog through the skin.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier substance or excipient e.g., a spreadable cream, gel, lotion, or ointment
• the analog may be applied directly or mixed with a carrier substance and then mechanically rubbed into the skin in an affected area which allows the analog to penetrate the skin.
• the analog may also be contained in liposomes that are mechanically applied to diseased skin.
• the somatostatin analog may be incorporated into a transdermal patch that is applied to the diseased skin.
• the penetration resulting from these methods may be enhanced with a chemical transdermal delivery agent such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or the nonionic surfactant, n-decylmethyl sulfoxide (NDMS) as described in Choi et al., Pharmaceutical Res., 7 (11): 1099-1106 (1990).
• DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
• NDMS nonionic surfactant
• the penetration of the somatostatin analog through the skin may be accomplished by iontophoresis by mixing the analog with a carrier substance containing negative or positive ions and incorporating the resulting therapeutic compound into a transdermal patch.
• the therapeutic composition can also be in the form of a biodegradable sustained release formulation for topical administration at the site of the diseased skin.
• the topical treatment method of the invention provides effective therapy for proliferative skin diseases, e.g., melanomas and malignant skin metastases of melanomas, at high dosages, yet these high dosages do not cause significant toxic side effects.
• proliferative skin diseases e.g., melanomas and malignant skin metastases of melanomas
• Fig. 1 is a graph illustrating the effect of a somatostatin analog (referred to in the graph as "BIM23014C”) on the growth of a B16-F10 melanoma.
• BIM23014C somatostatin analog
• Fig. 2 is a series of photographs showing the melanoma growth progression in a mouse treated with BIM23014C on days 4, 7, and 11.
• Fig. 3 is a series of photographs showing the melanoma growth progression in a control mouse on days 4, 7, and 11.
• Suitable compounds for treatment of proliferative skin diseases are the somatostatin analogs described in the Summary of the Invention, above.
• Examples of preferred ana logs include the fol lowing : D- ⁇ -Nal-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys-Thr-NH 2 ;D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys-Trp-NH 2 ; D-Phe-Cys-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Cys-Thr(ol); D-p-Cl-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys-Thr-NH 2 ; and D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys- ⁇ -Nal; ("Nal" refers to naphthylalanine.)
• somatostatin analogs include the naturally occurring tetra-decapeptide somatostatin and the analogs described in Coy et al., U.S. Patent Nos. 4,904,642, 4,871,717, and 4,853,371; Freidinger et al., U.S. Patent Nos. 4,360,516, and 4,310,518; Nestor, EPA 0,363,589; and Bauer et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,395,403; all hereby incorporated by reference.
• the first step in the preparation of D- ⁇ -naphthyl- alanine-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys-Thr-NH 2 was the preparation of the intermediate tert-butyloxycarbonyl-D- ⁇ -naphthylalanine-S-methylbenzyl-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-N ⁇ -benzyloxycarbonyl-Lys-Val-S-methyl-benzyl-Cys-O-benzyl-Thr-benzyhydrylaminine resin, as follows.
• Benzhydrylamine-polystyrene resin (Vega Biochemicals, Inc.), in the chloride ion form, was placed in the reaction vessel of a Beckman 990B peptide synthesizer programmed to perform the following reaction cycle: (a) methylene chloride; (b) 33% trifluoroacetic acid in methylene chloride (2 times for 1 and 25 min. each); (c) methylene chloride; (d) ethanol; (e) methylene chloride; (f) 10% triethylamine in chloroform.
• the neutralized resin was stirred with Boc-O-benzyl-threonine and diisopropylcarbodiimide (1.5 mmole each) in methylene chloride for 1 h and the resulting amino acid resin was then cycled through steps (a) to (f) in the above wash program.
• the following amino acids (1.5 mmole) were then coupled successively by the same procedure: Boc-S-methylbenzyl-Cys, Boc-Val, Boc-Ne-benzyloxy- carbonyl-lysine, Boc-D-Trp, Boc-Tyr, Boc-S-methylbenzyl-Cys, Boc-D- ⁇ -naphthylalanine.
• the resin was washed and dried and then mixed with anisole (4 ml) and anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (36 ml) at
• the column was eluted with a linear gradient of 10-50% acetonitrile in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water. Fractions were examined by tic and analytical high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and pooled to give maximum purity and if desired, a different salt prepared, e.g., acetate or phosphate. Repeated lyophilization of the solution from water gave 170 mg of the product as a white, fluffy powder.
• hplc analytical high performance liquid chromatography
• the product was found to be homogeneous by hplc and tic. Amino acid analysis of an acid hydrolysate confirmed the composition of the octapeptide.
• octapeptides of the invention having the formulae pentafluoro-D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys- Thr-NH 2 , D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys- ⁇ -aminobutyric acid-Cys-Thr-NH 2 , N-Ac-D- ⁇ -Nal-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys- Thr-NH 2 , D- ⁇ -Nal-Cys-pentafluoro-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys-Thr-NH 2 , D- ⁇ -Nal-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys- ⁇ -Nal-NH 2 , D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cy
• Implantation of Melanoma Eighteen BALB/c derived athymic nude female mice were implanted intradermally (ID), on the right flank, with a 0.02 to 0.05 ml suspension of in vitro propagated B16-F10 melanoma cells suspended in a normal saline solution. Implantation was done with a 23 gauge needle attached to a 1.0 ml syringe on day 0. Such an intradermal implant of the murine B16-F10 melanoma is essentially orthotopic and gives rise to an extremely fast growing tumor. By day 2, flat melanotic growths were evident at the injection site. The lesions resembled in situ melanomas.
• Somatuline D- ⁇ -Nal-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys-Thr-NH 2 , available from Biomeasure, Inc. under the product code BIM-23014C
• Somatuline was added to a 50% DMSO in saline solution at a concentration of 10 mgs/ml.
• a drop approximately 0.05 ml of the Somatuline solution was applied to the skin surface of the mice over the melanotic lesion.
• the solution was rubbed into the skin for approximately 1 minute with a latex gloved (Baxter Scientific Products/Flexam) finger.
• Fig. 1 shows tumor growth curves for the experiment described above.
• Figs. 2 and 3 show photographs of melanotic lesions on mice taken on days 4, 7, and 11. These photos in Fig. 2 and the tumor growth curves in Fig. 1 show the clear growth inhibition of the melanotic lesion by the Somatuline solution, compared to the control curves in Fig. 1 and the untreated lesions on control mice shown in Fig. 3. Therapy
• the invention provides effective treatment for benign and malignant proliferative skin diseases by the use of the above-described analogs, and somatostatin hexapeptide or higher analogs generally, when administered as described above.
• the benign and malignant skin diseases described above include melanomas and malignant skin metastases of melanoma, reoccurring keratosis, non-invasive basal cellular epithelioma pagetoid, and basal cell carcinoma.
• the somatostatin analogs may be administered directly to the diseased skin or may be used as a followup treatment after surgical excision or radiotherapy of the primary tumor to prevent reoccurrence.
• Keratosis includes pre-epitheliomatosis, actinic keratosis (due to overexposure to the sun), and keratosis due to ageing.
• the somatostatin analogs may also be administered for preventative treatment, e.g., for actinic and ageing keratosis.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Endocrinology (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
• Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
• Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=24618499

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Cited By (8)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (8)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 1992
  • 1992-02-07 AT AT92906420T patent/ATE181240T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-02-07 ES ES92906420T patent/ES2134798T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-02-07 PT PT100111A patent/PT100111B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-02-07 EP EP92906420A patent/EP0542934B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-02-07 IE IE041692A patent/IE920416A1/en unknown
  • 1992-02-07 WO PCT/US1992/001027 patent/WO1992013554A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1992-02-07 CA CA002079896A patent/CA2079896A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1992-02-07 JP JP92505872A patent/JPH05506254A/ja active Pending
  • 1992-02-07 DE DE69229436T patent/DE69229436T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-02-07 DK DK92906420T patent/DK0542934T3/da active
• 1993
  • 1993-07-09 US US08/089,410 patent/US6087337A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-07-27 GR GR990401940T patent/GR3030856T3/el unknown

Patent Citations (8)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events