WO1992010784A1 - Dispositif d'eclairage comportant au moins une source de lumiere - Google Patents

Dispositif d'eclairage comportant au moins une source de lumiere Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992010784A1
WO1992010784A1 PCT/EP1991/002291 EP9102291W WO9210784A1 WO 1992010784 A1 WO1992010784 A1 WO 1992010784A1 EP 9102291 W EP9102291 W EP 9102291W WO 9210784 A1 WO9210784 A1 WO 9210784A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
image
light source
arrangement according
lighting arrangement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1991/002291
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Rosenich
Jakob JÜTZ
Original Assignee
Technolizenz Establishment
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technolizenz Establishment filed Critical Technolizenz Establishment
Publication of WO1992010784A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992010784A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B37/00—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe
    • G03B37/02—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe with scanning movement of lens or cameras
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
    • G09F19/12—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects
    • G09F19/18—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects involving the use of optical projection means, e.g. projection of images on clouds

Definitions

  • Illumination unit with at least one light source
  • the invention relates to a lighting arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • WO90 / 11549 describes many devices for all-round display of images with corresponding lighting arrangements. Detailed information on the further state of the art is given there. The contents of the cited WO90 / 11549 and US-A-4760443 and all prior art documents cited therein are considered to be disclosed in this patent application.
  • All previously known devices for all-round pointing or the associated lighting arrangements correspond to the technology according to the prior art mentioned; They are based on the fact that an image or image of an image (eg the projected image of a slide on a matt screen or a slide on an opal film) is preceded by a grid that has elongated lamellae that are essentially perpendicular to the image surface and lie parallel to the axis about which the image or image is rotated.
  • a grid that has elongated lamellae that are essentially perpendicular to the image surface and lie parallel to the axis about which the image or image is rotated.
  • the use of such a grid is disadvantageous for various purposes.
  • the required grids are relatively expensive precision components that are only available from a few suppliers; on the other hand, such a lamella grid results in a sensitive weakening of light: the slats of the lamella grid inevitably have a finite thickness. They are also black and opaque. Therefore, depending on the frequency of light passage and depending on the scattering angle of the light source, they swallow up to 70% of the total light radiated through the light exit surface.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to create a lighting arrangement for a device for all-round display of an image, the optical components of which are arranged in such a way that the use of a lamella grid can be dispensed with and still be sharp image can be presented over an angle of at least 180 °.
  • This object is achieved by any combination of features described in the respective characterizing part of claim 1, 2 or 3.
  • the optical components take over the directional effect and restriction of the lateral viewing angle instead of the slats.
  • the optical structure must be designed such that an observer who looks into the beam path and sees the virtual image there should only have a very small viewing angle of, for example, 2 to 60 ° when the rotating part is at a standstill.
  • a very small viewing angle for example, 2 to 60 ° when the rotating part is at a standstill.
  • an observer should only be able to see the image in a more or less front view of the beam path.
  • the image should disappear.
  • the viewer will then see the walls of the lighting arrangement, which are preferably dyed black and delimit the beam path.
  • the light from the light source itself should preferably be as diffuse as possible.
  • the arrangement according to independent claim 2 relates above all to relatively simple structures with a rotating light source and a large-area slide arranged directly in front of it.
  • the configuration according to the invention saves light energy, reduces wastage and avoids the lamella grid. This arrangement is possible above all because conventional transmitted light images (transparencies) cause only little scatter. Your color and information contribution is simply superimposed on the light from the light source.
  • the arrangement according to independent claim 3 relates primarily to those structures in which changing image information is to be displayed. This primarily includes lettering, numerical values, but also simple figurative representations. With this arrangement, the viewer looks directly at the light source. A scattering, as you may see on a
  • HE switched slide can still occur, is completely delayed.
  • the variants of claim 4 either result in the viewing field of vision being limited laterally in the case of high anamorphic images, but being kept almost indefinitely upwards and downwards, or that the lighting arrangement is particularly simple and at least in the region of the light exit surface by using a Fresnel lens mass production is cheap to manufacture.
  • a Fresnel lens is much cheaper than a Venetian blind film; Due to their optical properties, however, an even smaller viewing angle can be generated than with a conventional screen.
  • the alternative features of claim 5 on the one hand bring about good light distribution for the transillumination of the transmitted light image and on the other hand reduce the heat radiation to the transmitted light image.
  • Scattering discs in the sense of claim 5 can also be opal foils, which are directly connected to the transmitted light image and, in contrast to previously together with the slide, can be substantially smaller in area - measured at the light exit surface.
  • the features of claim 6 achieve a point or line-shaped light source as possible such that the lens or the envelope bulb acts as a secondary light source. Such a design reduces any problems that result from the structure of the actual light source (for example an incandescent filament). Such a structure is not necessary if the actual light source is punctiform or possibly very large and possibly even, for example a wide arc, as a filament lamp with many filaments lying directly next to one another, or as a flat electroluminescent light disk.
  • the first part of claim 7 characterizes a device structure basically similar to that in the documents cited at the beginning, which ensures a compact structure of the entire device for all-round pointing.
  • the second part of Claim 7 describes a variant with a spherical concave mirror or cylindrical concave mirror (FIGS. 1, 2, 4), which is advantageous in particular in the case of a point or line-shaped light source without a subsequent diffusing screen, care being taken that e.g. due to slight misadjustment at the light source (e.g. filament) itself does not cause overheating.
  • a parabolic mirror (FIG. 5) could also be provided, which, however, is then preferably only used in combination with a diffusing screen.
  • the feature of claim 8 is known per se from the cited prior art, but in connection with the invention it is advantageous for the all-round display of an upright image in all directions, which itself is not rotated or for the transmission of the beam path of a slit-shaped one or point-shaped external light source.
  • claim 10 enable a construction with improved sharpness and / or a more restricted viewing angle.
  • this variant also permits a representation with a constant size.
  • the viewing angle in the vertical direction is restricted as little as possible by a slit diaphragm.
  • the variant according to claim 11 enables the reproduction of electronically written, arbitrary information and the all-round presentation of this information.
  • the decisive factor here is the frequency with which the beam deflection unit projects the typeface onto the lens, in relation to the number of revolutions of the device for all-round pointing.
  • a statistically deflected laser beam can evenly illuminate a transmitted light image that would replace the lens.
  • the omission of the lens is also within the scope of the invention for low-power lasers.
  • the embodiment according to claim 12 reduces any scattered light on a transmitted light image in the area of the light exit surface and thereby simultaneously increases the image contrast.
  • a fiber-optic cross-sectional converter according to claim 13 can on the transmitted light image in different cases enlarge or reduce a format that is favorable for the optical components. If this cross-sectional converter is used for the transmitted light image in the region of the illumination beam path, it can also serve for optimal illumination of the transmitted light image itself.
  • a grid known per se can additionally be used, to which far lower quality requirements have to be imposed than in the prior art, which is why it can be cheaper.
  • claim 15 characterize an arrangement according to the invention which is sufficient without its own light source. It only uses ambient light to achieve the lighting effect for the transmitted light image.
  • the rotary part of the all-round display is a transparent drum, as in the prior art described, to narrow it down to a stroboscopic slot in the area of the field of view.
  • this slot must be at least so wide that it makes the entire virtual image visible to an observer when it is turned past once.
  • Such a slit ideally corresponds to the infinitely emitted image of the light source.
  • mirrors with suitable curvatures can also be used for the purposes of the invention.
  • FIGS. 3 and 6 arrangements with a laser beam as the light source
  • 7 and 8 a diagram and two lamp constructions from the prior art for xenon lamps with a point-like light as possible
  • FIG. 22 shows an arrangement with a plurality of Fresnel lenses and an optical light rotating part
  • FIG. 23 shows an arrangement with a punctiform light source, but an approximately cylindrical-shaped light emission property
  • FIG 25 shows a section through an optical waveguide with beam expansion and FIGS. 26 to 29 arrangements with a linear light beam radiated from the outside.
  • a transmitted light image or slide 3 is illuminated by a light source 1.
  • the transmitted light image is enlarged by different lenses or optical components 2 and presented to the eye 16 as a virtual transmitted light image.
  • the components 2 are dimensioned and arranged such that the viewer no longer sees the transmitted light image 3 when the light exit surface 6 is slightly oblique (when the device is at a standstill), but at most an existing cladding of the beam path - shown by the limiting light beams 12 , which is preferably kept matt black.
  • the light source 1 is imaged on itself by a hollow spherical mirror 2f.
  • a punctiform light source is preferably used - compare FIGS. 7 and 8 selected.
  • a lens or a lens system 2d is designed such that the light source lies in its focal point on the object side. The light source is thus imaged to infinity by approximately parallel rays.
  • a further lens or a lens system 2k (field lens) focuses the approximately parallel beam again to an intermediate image, which forms the focal point of the object on the object side of a lens or a lens system 2a, which in turn forms the intermediate image at least approximately through the light exit surface 6 into infinity throws.
  • the lens or the system 2a are preferably designed as a Fresnel lens.
  • a transmitted light image 3 in the at least approximately parallel light beam path, which superimposes its figurative and colored information on the light beams, and a heat protection filter 2c for its protection.
  • the intermediate image after the lens 2k is located in the area of a schematically illustrated turning prism (dove prism) 2h, which allows the image to be rotated optically about its own axis. This is necessary because the light exit surface 6 (as not shown here, but can be seen from the prior art mentioned) can be rotated about an axis. In order to be able to present an upright image in all viewing directions of the device for all-round display, the image itself has to be rotated.
  • An aperture 2i is connected upstream of the reversing prism 2h, which enables the image sharpness to be regulated.
  • Both the reversing prism 2h and the diaphragm 2i are only shown in dash-dotted lines, since they are not absolutely necessary for the inventive principle.
  • the turning prism can also be dispensed with, as shown by the embodiments from FIG. 9.
  • the condenser device 9 shows a variant in which more importance is attached to a condenser device 9. It is essentially provided in addition to the type according to FIG.
  • the condenser device 9 consists of two lenses (not specified in more detail) and an intermediate heat protection filter 2c. It has the task of focusing the image of the light source 1 onto a lens 2b in such a way that an as possible point-like or linear image of the light source is on the lens 2b
  • TZBLATT " with maximum brightness.
  • This (washed out) image of the light source is used as a secondary source for the condenser 2d of the following optics (see FIG. 1).
  • the point-like or line-shaped representation or blurring on the lens is intended to ensure that the structure of the light source is no longer visible to a viewer (for example, filament formation).
  • This effect can be further enhanced, for example by an aperture 2i provided in addition to or instead of the diffusing screen 2b.
  • FIG. 3 shows as the light source a laser 1c (or a parallel, bundled light beam) which sends its light beams 12 in a very bundled form to a diffusing screen 2b; similar to that in FIG. 2, this is intended to produce a secondary light source with point or line-shaped light, the latter after using an anamorphic expansion lens or after pivoting the laser beam along a line.
  • a laser 1c or a parallel, bundled light beam
  • the scatter characteristic is preferably set in accordance with a lobe shape in the axial direction.
  • the secondary light source is again located in the object-side focal point of a condenser lens 2d, which in turn is followed by a heat protection filter 2c and a transmitted light image 3 with a subsequent field lens 2k. Due to the relatively narrow frequency range of conventional laser light, such a structure is only recommended for transmitted light images with single-color contrast. For example, LCD panes with exchangeable image content can be provided there as a transmitted light image, so that written or numerical information can be made visible to the viewer.
  • the variant according to FIG. 4 differs from that in FIG. 1 in that between the heat protection filter 2c and the transmitted light image 3 there is provided a diffusing screen 2b with a longitudinal beam-shaped characteristic that optimally illuminates the slide 3. Inaccuracies in the light source 1 (various structures) are thereby negligible.
  • the variant according to FIG. 5 follows in principle that of FIG. 4, but with the difference that the concave mirror is designed as a parabolic reflector 21, which does not image the image of the light source 1 on itself, but throws it to infinity. This creates a combination of parallel and divergent light on the lens 2b.
  • the characteristic of the diffusing screen 2b should be such that these two fundamentally different types of light compensate one another, so that the slide 3 is optimally illuminated.
  • This variant has the advantage that it avoids overheating of the light source 1 by imaging on itself.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 6 differs from that according to FIG. 3 in that the light beams 12 of the laser 1c are not thrown in a straight line onto a diffusing screen 2b, but are specifically deflected beforehand by an electronically controlled beam deflector in such a way that an image that is related to the human eye, e.g. Generate typeface or numerical image.
  • Such deflection devices are known and are often used for displays by means of laser beams, often also for amusement in the area of discotheques etc.
  • the image thus formed on the diffusing screen 2b is focused by the field lens 2k onto an intermediate image in the area of the turning prism 2h and thrown from there through the lens 2a to infinity.
  • the diffuser 2b can also be dispensed with in the case of correspondingly low-power lasers.
  • a transmitted light image 3 can also be located there.
  • the device for beam deflection 15 then does not have the task of generating a specific typeface or number image, but rather a statistically uniformly bright light distribution on the transmitted light image 3, for example by means of a zigzag of the laser beam 12 similar to a television image controllable illumination of the transmitted light image 3.
  • Fig. 7 shows the light distribution of a xenon lamp on the market. It can be seen from the diagram that such a light source generates extremely punctiform light, which is why it is recommended for use in a lighting arrangement according to the invention.
  • the field lens 2k is at such a distance from the slide 3 that it is projected onto the Fresnel lens 2a.
  • the magnification ratio is chosen so that the dimensions of the projected image correspond to the light exit surface 6.
  • a vertical slit diaphragm 10a (FIG. 23) is preferably provided in the region between the diffusing screen 2c and the slide 3 and / or the light source is rod-shaped.
  • a very simple and inexpensive, inventive variant is a structure e.g. 9 and 18, in which a rod-shaped, vertical light source 1d - e.g. a neon tube - possibly supported by a vertical cylindrical mirror 2f1 (FIG. 14) - is arranged directly in the rotatable part 5, approximately in the middle of the slide 3b, the slide 3b having a planar extent which corresponds to the light exit surface 6 and is preferred, but preferred is not necessarily arranged in the region of the axis of rotation 20 of the rotary body 5.
  • a rod-shaped, vertical light source 1d - e.g. a neon tube - possibly supported by a vertical cylindrical mirror 2f1 (FIG. 14) -
  • the slide 3b having a planar extent which corresponds to the light exit surface 6 and is preferred, but preferred is not necessarily arranged in the region of the axis of rotation 20 of the rotary body 5.
  • the Fresnel lens 2a Immediately in front of or behind the slide 3b is the Fresnel lens 2a with a focal length f, which is the distance to the corresponds to the geometric center of the light source 1d.
  • the Fresnel lens 2a could also be divided into two parts in order to serve the slide 3b as a support at the same time. In this case, the two parts together should result in the focal length f 'mentioned. Achromatic effects could also be achieved by means of fresnel lenses 2a divided in this way.
  • a slide 3b used in this way can only be changed when the rotary part 5 is at a standstill.
  • changeable ones could also be used
  • Transmitted light information carrier must be mounted. In the case of self-illuminating displays, however, these should preferably be mounted in the focal length of the Fresnel lens.
  • FIGS. 9 to 18 and 21 always show an elongated light source 1, which in the case of FIGS. 9, 13-16 and 18 is constructed from a tubular lamp (e.g. neon tube).
  • FIGS. 10-12 and 21 show a light source 1 constructed from a plurality of lamps 1d, while the light source in FIG. 17 primarily consists of a light guide film (for example "Lisa", registered trademark of Bayer AG). exists, the edge 19a of the Fresnel lens 2a is associated with the focal point. Additional lamps 1d, which are shielded from the lens 2a by means of a concave mirror cover, improve the light input from the ambient light of the arrangement into the film 19.
  • a light guide film for example "Lisa", registered trademark of Bayer AG
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 each show a light-guiding part 17 which is designed such that light rays 2b in the form of a cylinder jacket can be sent to the Fresnel lens.
  • Fresnel lens 2a and transmitted light image 3b can optionally be interchanged (see FIGS. 9 and 10), the variant according to FIG. 9 being preferred.
  • the invention can do that
  • E Transmitted light image 3b can also be attached off-center of the axis of rotation 20 (FIGS. 13, 15-17).
  • 19 and 20 show individual light sources 1g, each of which has a condenser system 9 and a spherical concave mirror 2f3.
  • the condenser lenses 9a are preferably anamorphic, as a result of which a linear secondary light source is formed on the elongated lens 2b1.
  • the condenser lenses 9b (FIG. 20) bundle the light into optical waveguides 2m, which are combined to form a linear output 2ml, which functions as a linear secondary light source.
  • the emission angle 22b of the light can be widened in comparison to the angle of incidence 22a, as a result of which the diffusing screen 2b1 is well illuminated.
  • the linear effect of the light radiation can be further improved by flat optical waveguides.
  • the detour via the diffuser 2b1 can be dispensed with, in which case the output 2m4 is to be placed in the focal point (on the focal line) of the fresnel lens.
  • the Fresnel lens 2a can also have an anamorphic structure parallel to the axis of rotation 20.
  • the transmitted light image - a small slide 3c - is located directly in front of a Fresnel lens 2a1 and in the focal plane of the Fresnel lens 2a2, which has a telecentric beam path 7 for image rotation etc opened.
  • the lenses 2a3 and 2a4 then serve for magnification and projection into the infinite.
  • FIG. 23 shows an arrangement with point-shaped light source 1g, an anamorphic condenser 2d1, a diffusing screen 2b1 and a slit diaphragm 10a for limiting the edge of the image and increasing the focus.
  • the arrangements from FIGS. 26 to 29 each show a point-shaped light source, the light of which - bundled by a condenser system 9c - is reflected centrally into the rotating part 5.
  • the line-shaped light bundle strikes a deflecting mirror 2e there, which expands it either through an anamorphic 2d1 or at a convex mirror 2e1,2e2, so that according to FIG. 28 either directly or according to FIGS Light can be thrown against the Fresnel lens 2a.
  • Fig. 29 shows a top view of the right part of Fig. 28.

Abstract

Dans un dispositif d'éclairage comportant au moins une source lumineuse (1) et au moins un élément optique (2) pour une installation servant à la projection panoramique d'au moins une image selon un angle supérieur à 180°, comportant au moins un élément tournant (5), qui présente au moins une surface de sortie de la lumière (6) et qui tourne avec une vitesse de rotation minimum de 500 t/min, le ou les éléments (2) sont disposés et conçus de telle manière que la lumière de la source lumineuse (1) produise une image virtuelle agrandie, focalisée au moins approximativement à l'infini, d'un moyen de production d'images, par exemple une image à éclairage direct (3), pouvant être regardée à travers la surface de sortie de la lumière (6). Les éléments comprennent des lentilles partiellement anamorphiques, le cas échéant un diaphragme et/ou une lentille de Fresnel (2a). L'invention permet de supprimer les grilles du type jalousie couramment utilisées dans les projecteurs panoramiques classiques. En outre, une source lumineuse moins importante suffit pour faire fonctionner le dispositif.
PCT/EP1991/002291 1990-12-04 1991-12-03 Dispositif d'eclairage comportant au moins une source de lumiere WO1992010784A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT244390 1990-12-04
AT2443/90-1 1990-12-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992010784A1 true WO1992010784A1 (fr) 1992-06-25

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PCT/EP1991/002291 WO1992010784A1 (fr) 1990-12-04 1991-12-03 Dispositif d'eclairage comportant au moins une source de lumiere

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WO (1) WO1992010784A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3324760A (en) * 1961-06-02 1967-06-13 Robert B Collender Three dimensional unaided viewing apparatus
US3894798A (en) * 1972-04-13 1975-07-15 Jesse D Wolf Projector and method for projecting 360{20 {10 pictures
DE2430843A1 (de) * 1974-06-27 1976-01-08 Cardoso Edgar Antonio Mesquita Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen verzerrungsfreien panorama-photographieren oder -kinematographieren
US4943851A (en) * 1989-03-07 1990-07-24 Gold Stake 360 degree viewing system having a liquid crystal display screen encircling a rotatable projection screen

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3324760A (en) * 1961-06-02 1967-06-13 Robert B Collender Three dimensional unaided viewing apparatus
US3894798A (en) * 1972-04-13 1975-07-15 Jesse D Wolf Projector and method for projecting 360{20 {10 pictures
DE2430843A1 (de) * 1974-06-27 1976-01-08 Cardoso Edgar Antonio Mesquita Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen verzerrungsfreien panorama-photographieren oder -kinematographieren
US4943851A (en) * 1989-03-07 1990-07-24 Gold Stake 360 degree viewing system having a liquid crystal display screen encircling a rotatable projection screen

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