WO1991018757A1 - Procede servant a appliquer des barres omnibus sur un substrat - Google Patents

Procede servant a appliquer des barres omnibus sur un substrat Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991018757A1
WO1991018757A1 PCT/US1991/003706 US9103706W WO9118757A1 WO 1991018757 A1 WO1991018757 A1 WO 1991018757A1 US 9103706 W US9103706 W US 9103706W WO 9118757 A1 WO9118757 A1 WO 9118757A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
layer
bus bar
conductive
metals
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1991/003706
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Douglas L. Chambers
Chong T. Wan
Guy T. Susi
Original Assignee
Xytorr Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xytorr Corporation filed Critical Xytorr Corporation
Publication of WO1991018757A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991018757A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H05B3/86—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/06—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals
    • C03C17/09—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals by deposition from the vapour phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C14/021—Cleaning or etching treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/18—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/20—Metallic material, boron or silicon on organic substrates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G5/00—Installations of bus-bars
    • H02G5/005—Laminated bus-bars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/25—Metals
    • C03C2217/269—Non-specific enumeration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
    • C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to electrical bus bars on transparent or non-transparent substrates, and more particularly, to a method of applying the bus bars to substrates using vapor deposition processes such as sputtering, cathodic arc process, ion plating process and vacuum evaporation. ⁇
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,743,741 to Ramus discloses an electrically heated windshield having a pair of electrically conductive bus bars applied to one of the surfaces of the windshield.
  • the '741 Patent is incorporated by reference herein.
  • Hasegawa discloses an electrically conductive glass sheet used as a fog resistant automotive window.
  • the glass sheet comprises a pair of bus bars and an electrically conductive, transparent thin film.
  • the '732 patent is also incorporated by reference herein.
  • the paste may be of a needed mixture of glass powder (frit) of a low melting point containing metal particles such as Ag, Cu, or Pd, for example, and an organic solvent or a binder.
  • glass powder a low melting point containing metal particles such as Ag, Cu, or Pd, for example
  • organic solvent or a binder for example.
  • inks, lacquers, or UV paint for the bus bars (see U.S. Patent No. 4,830,876 to Dietrich, et al.)
  • bus bars There are many disadvantages to the above methods for applying the bus bars. For one, they use volatile solvents with various pigments. Secondly, the result is a relatively thick coating of silver from 0.001 to 0.002 inches. Since bus bars are usually at or near the edges of the glass, thick bus bars between laminated panes of glass will cause the panes of glass to have less intimate contact over their entire surfaces inducing stresses in the glass. Third, high temperature firing or baking causes excessive thermal stress and weakness in the glass. Fourth, the material cost of silver is high.
  • the present invention has many advantages over the above described methods. With the present invention, very thin, durable and reliable bus bars which require no firing or baking process are provided. Therefore, the glass is not stressed as much as with previous methods.
  • the bus bars may be thinner resulting in close and intimate contact over the entire mating surfaces of glass panes laminated together.
  • the material cost of the bus bars is lower and they are applied with greater ease in conjunction with current window fabrication processes and techniques.
  • the bus bars are conductive paths for applying electrical energy, either AC or DC to the extent that a uniform flow of current takes place between the bus bars through a conductive medium.
  • the medium could be a transparent or non-transparent coating or film, many electro-conductive materials such as wires (currently used in automobile rear window defoggers), and other metal or even non-metal conductive devices.
  • a uniformally developed heating pattern may be established between the bus bar system through the conductive coating or other conductive material.
  • the bus bars of the present invention may also be used in an electrochromic device to distribute electrical power over a large surface area. Flat or bent substrates can be used.
  • the bus bars of the present invention are applied by any one of the vapor deposition processes mentioned above.
  • Various layers of metals form the bus bar and are applied on the substrate to arrange a bus bar system for carrying electrical heating currents through the transparent conductive coating or other conductive material.
  • the bus bars may be applied to a window pane border portion after a dark coating has been applied to the window border portion. This may be done to conceal the bus bars from view.
  • FIGURE 1 is an elevational view of an automobile windshield having the bus bars of the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a cross sectional view of the windshield of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a cross section of a bus bar of the present invention in use on a single pane of glass, plastic, or other transparent substrate and in contact with a transparent electro-conductive coating;
  • FIGURE 4 is a cross section of another embodiment of a bus bar of the present invention having two layers on a substrate;
  • FIGURE 5 is a cross section of a bus bar of the present invention applied to a substrate without a transparent coating
  • FIGURE 6 is a cross section of a bus bar of the present invention applied to a non-transparent substrate
  • FIGURE 7 is a cross section of a bus bar of the present invention applied to a substrate and in contact with a non-transparent electro-conductive heating element;
  • FIGURE 8 is a cross section of a bus bar of the present invention for use in another application involving two panes of glass with an air or gas filled space between them;
  • FIGURE 9 is a cross section of a bus bar of the present invention applied to a dark coating that has been applied to a transparent substrate;
  • FIGURE 10 is a cross section of another embodiment of a bus bar of the present invention having four layers applied to a substrate.
  • FIGURE 11 is a cross section of yet another embodiment of a bus bar of the present invention having five layers applied to a substrate.
  • the windshield 20 is comprised of a glass substrate 22. Also shown are a pair of electrically conductive bus bars 24, 26 applied to one of the surfaces of the substrate 22.
  • a windshield 20 will be made of a laminated construction in which two sheets of glass 22, 28 are used to form the windshield 20.
  • the two sheets of glass 22, 28 may be united by an inner layer of plastic (polyvinyl butyral) 30 in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
  • plastic polyvinyl butyral
  • the shape and configuration of the bus bars in FIGURE 1 is just one way of arranging the bus bars 24, 26. Many other shapes and arrangements could also be used effectively.
  • bus bars 24, 26 could be applied to either surface 46, 48 of the substrate 44 as shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the significance of FIGURE 3 is that the bus bars may be applied to many other substrates besides automobile windshields.
  • the bus bars 24, 26 may be positioned on the substrate 22 in order to achieve generally equal distance between the bus bars 24, 26. Generally, the bus bars 24, 26 are applied near the top 50 and bottom 52 edges of the substrate 22 but other arrangements could be employed to achieve the same results in an appropriate application. After the bus bars 24, 26 are applied, a transparent conductive coating 54 may be applied to the substrate 22 between the bus bars 24, 26. Using vapor deposition processes for applying the conductive coating 54 is well known in the art. However, using vapor deposition processes to apply the bus bars 24, 26 to a substrate 22 has heretofore never been successfully accomplished to the knowledge of the present inventors.
  • the bus bars 24, 26 should adhere to the substrate 22 so that they will be durable and will not tend to peel off (for example, when electrical wires are soldered onto the bus bars 24, 26).
  • the substrate 22 should first be thoroughly cleaned. This may be done by washing the substrate 22 with water and detergent then rinsing the detergent off. Another rinse with deionized water should follow. Then, warm blown filtered air directed at the substrate 22 will dry it. The substrate 22 may then be placed in a vacuum chamber (not shown) and glow discharge cleaned using a wet gas technique as is known in the glass cleaning art.
  • the substrate 22 may be left in the same vacuum chamber for the vapor deposition of the bus bars 24, 26 if the particular vacuum chamber in use is suited for this.
  • An initial metal layer may be deposited onto the substrate 22 as the first layer or bond layer 58 of the bus bars 24, 26.
  • the next layer deposited onto the bond layer 58 is a conductive metal layer 60.
  • FIGURE 2 a cross section of the windshield 20 of FIGURE 1 is shown.
  • the bond layer 58 of the bus bar 24 may be deposited directly to the inner surface 34 of the outside glass sheet 22 or the outer surface 40 of the inside glass sheet 28.
  • the conductive layer 60 of the bus bar 24 is deposited onto the bond layer 58.
  • a protective layer 62 may then be deposited onto the conductive layer 60 to form a three layer bus bar 24.
  • a transparent electro-conductive coating 54 is deposited onto the protective layer 62 and the coating 54 will substantially cover the windshield 20.
  • Various coatings may exhibit the combination of transparency and electroconductivity to serve as the heating element for a windshield 20 or the like, which is known to those skilled in the art.
  • a plastic (polyvinyl butyral) layer 30 and an inside glass sheet 28 are added and the entire assembly 64 is laminated together.
  • electrical connections 66, 68 to the windshield bus bars 24, 26 may be made at the lower edge 70, center portion 72 thereof. But, the connections 66, 68 could be placed elsewhere along the bus bars 24, 26 and function effectively.
  • a small portion of the protective layer 62 of the bus bars 24, 26 should be removed, by acid etching for example, so that an electrical connection 66, 68 can be made directly to the conductive metal layer 60 of the bus bars 24, 26.
  • wire leads (not shown) may be bonded to the conductive layer 60 by, for example, soldering, welding, brazing, diffusion bonding, physically clamping, or other like methods.
  • FIGURE 5 is an example of a bus bar 74 arrangement without a transparent electro-conductive coating which may not be necessary in some applications. Most any conductive material (not shown) could be applied to the substrate 76 to contact the bus bar 74.
  • FIGURE 4 shows another embodiment 78 of the bus bars of the present invention in two layer form. In this embodiment 78 a bond layer 80 is deposited onto the transparent substrate 82 in the same manner as described above for a windshield. A conductive layer 84 is next deposited onto the bond layer 80. In some situations this two layer bus bar 78 may be sufficient.
  • FIGURE 6 is an example of another embodiment 86 of the bus bars of the present invention applied to a non-transparent substrate 88 such as ceramics, plastics, metal oxides, silicon, etc.
  • the conductive layer 90 may be a heating layer.
  • the heating layer 90 has a resistor material, for example nichrome (NiCr) in place of a conductor.
  • the bus bars could be used for heating mirrors, food trays or other containers, heating elements in heaters for buildings, and many other examples too numerous to mention wherein a substrate would be heated.
  • FIGURE 7 is yet another example wherein the bus bar 92 is deposited on a substrate 94 and in this case a non- transparent electro-conductive heating element 96 is in contact with the bus bar.
  • FIGURE 8 is another application for the bus bars 97 of the present invention. Insulated windows for architectural use and freezer or refrigerator door windows, for example, typically have two transparent substrates 98, 100 (usually glass) separated by a dead air or gas filled space 102. The layers 104, 106, 108 of the bus bar 97 could be deposited onto a portion of the inner surface 110 of one of the substrates 98 using the method of the present invention. A transparent electro-conductive coating 112 may then be applied over the substrate 98 and in contact with the bus bar 97 so that the substrate 98 can be heated to defrost, defog or de-ice it, for example.
  • FIGURE 9 shows a laminated window assembly 114 m ⁇ ch like that shown in FIGURE 2 except the bond layer 116 of the bus bar 118 is deposited onto a dark or opaque border 120.
  • the dark border 120 may be applied to the substrate 122 to conceal the bus bar 118.
  • FIGURE 10 is a view of another embodiment of the present invention in which a four layer bus bar 124 is deposited onto a substrate 126.
  • a bond layer 128 is first applied.
  • a first conductive layer 130 is deposited onto the bond layer 128.
  • This first conductive layer 130 could be a metal such as copper.
  • a second conductive layer 132 is deposited over the first conductive layer 130.
  • This second conductive layer 132 could be a different metal such as aluminum.
  • a protective layer 134 is deposited onto the second conductive layer 132.
  • FIGURE 11 is a view of yet another embodiment of the present invention in which a five layer bus bar 136 is deposited onto a substrate 138.
  • a bond layer 140 is deposited onto a surface 142 of the substrate 138.
  • a first conductive layer 144 is deposited onto the bond layer 140.
  • An intermediate layer 146 is next applied to act as a stress reliever for differences in thermal expansion between the conductive layers 144, 148 and the substrate 138 or as an adhesive layer for the second conductive layer 148.
  • a second conductive layer 148 is then deposited onto the intermediate layer 146 and finally a protective layer 150 is applied.
  • a second conductive layer 148 offers extra power capacity in an appropriate application.
  • the protective metal layer and the bond layer may be the same metal or different metals.
  • the protective metal composition and bond metal composition will come from the group chromium, tungsten, titanium, molybdenum, nickel, tantalum, stainless steel, zirconium, hafnium, aluminum, and mixtures and alloys of any of these metals.
  • the conductive metal layer composition will come from the group copper, silver, gold, aluminum, and mixtures and alloys of these metals.
  • the conductive layer should be a good electrical conductor having low resistance.
  • the layer in contact with a transparent conductive coating in the application such as an electrically heated windshield or an electrochromic device should be chemically and metallurgically compatible with the coating.
  • Each layer may be sequentially applied by sputtering in a vacuum system without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere between application of layers.
  • bus bars can be applied to flat or bent/curved surfaces.
  • the sputtering process of the present invention uses argon gas under a process pressure of preferrably 1-50 millitorr (3-10 millitorr may be most preferred) and a maximum temperature need not exceed 250°F.
  • Electrical conductivity laws dictate the minimum thickness of a bus bar depending upon the electric current carried by the bus bar plus its length and width. Total bus bar thickness may be as low as 1000 Angstroms in a particular application.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé amélioré servant à appliquer des barres omnibus (24) électriquement conductrices sur des substrats (22) transparents ou non transparents, tels que le verre, le plastique et la céramique, destinés par exemple à un dispositif électrochrome, une vitre d'automobile ou une fenêtre de bâtiment, et sur bien d'autres substrats qui pourraient être améliorés en étant chauffés. On décrit une méthode servant à appliquer les barres omnibus au moyen d'un procédé de dépôt en phase vapeur utilisant une composition de métal appropriée pour obtenir des barres omnibus durables. Ce procédé de dépôt en phase vapeur peut être employé pour un grand nombre de compositions métalliques et permet d'obtenir des barres omnibus de section relativement mince; de plus, ce procédé ne requiert pas des températures de chauffage ou de cuisson élevées.
PCT/US1991/003706 1990-05-29 1991-05-28 Procede servant a appliquer des barres omnibus sur un substrat WO1991018757A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US53001090A 1990-05-29 1990-05-29
US530,010 1990-05-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991018757A1 true WO1991018757A1 (fr) 1991-12-12

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0582457A2 (fr) * 1992-08-03 1994-02-09 MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. Panneau chauffant transparent et méthode pour sa fabrication
WO2004050442A2 (fr) 2002-12-03 2004-06-17 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Systeme de detection d'humidite et procede d'utilisation de celui-ci
US11773011B1 (en) 2022-07-08 2023-10-03 Agc Automotive Americas Co. Glass assembly including a conductive feature and method of manufacturing thereof

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2016944A1 (en) * 1970-04-09 1971-10-28 Siemens Ag Electrically conducting transparent surfacel -
DE2227238A1 (de) * 1972-06-05 1974-01-03 Glas & Spiegel Manufactur Ag Glaskoerper, insbesondere glasscheibe, die eine oder mehrere schichten aus metall oder metall und metalloxyd aufweist und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
US4323726A (en) * 1980-07-24 1982-04-06 Ppg Industries, Inc. Electrical bus bar assembly
US4778732A (en) * 1985-12-13 1988-10-18 Nippon Sheet Glass Company Electrically conductive glass sheet
US4782216A (en) * 1987-08-11 1988-11-01 Monsanto Company Electrically heatable laminated window
US4820902A (en) * 1987-12-28 1989-04-11 Ppg Industries, Inc. Bus bar arrangement for an electrically heated transparency
US4830876A (en) * 1985-12-11 1989-05-16 Leybold-Heraeus Gmbh Process for producing contact strips on substrates, especially on glazing
US4959257A (en) * 1987-07-17 1990-09-25 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Transparencies

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2016944A1 (en) * 1970-04-09 1971-10-28 Siemens Ag Electrically conducting transparent surfacel -
DE2227238A1 (de) * 1972-06-05 1974-01-03 Glas & Spiegel Manufactur Ag Glaskoerper, insbesondere glasscheibe, die eine oder mehrere schichten aus metall oder metall und metalloxyd aufweist und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
US4323726A (en) * 1980-07-24 1982-04-06 Ppg Industries, Inc. Electrical bus bar assembly
US4830876A (en) * 1985-12-11 1989-05-16 Leybold-Heraeus Gmbh Process for producing contact strips on substrates, especially on glazing
US4778732A (en) * 1985-12-13 1988-10-18 Nippon Sheet Glass Company Electrically conductive glass sheet
US4959257A (en) * 1987-07-17 1990-09-25 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Transparencies
US4782216A (en) * 1987-08-11 1988-11-01 Monsanto Company Electrically heatable laminated window
US4820902A (en) * 1987-12-28 1989-04-11 Ppg Industries, Inc. Bus bar arrangement for an electrically heated transparency

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0582457A2 (fr) * 1992-08-03 1994-02-09 MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. Panneau chauffant transparent et méthode pour sa fabrication
EP0582457A3 (fr) * 1992-08-03 1994-03-02 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals
WO2004050442A2 (fr) 2002-12-03 2004-06-17 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Systeme de detection d'humidite et procede d'utilisation de celui-ci
WO2004050442A3 (fr) * 2002-12-03 2004-12-16 Ppg Ind Ohio Inc Systeme de detection d'humidite et procede d'utilisation de celui-ci
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