Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
  • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
  • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor

Definitions

• the invention concerns a fire protective mat designed for use i in connection with constructions of metal and composites.
• Constructions of the type which require protection are, e.g. steel constructions on offshore installations, where safeguards are required against the construction being affected by excess heat, thus allowing a fire to spread, or elements within the construction being destroyed by heat stress, e.g. the collapse of load- bearing constructions.
• the methods employed to date have mainly concentrated on the application of fire protection, intumescent coatings in the form of a liquid or paste which is preferably applied by spraying.
• Use has also been made of flexible mats consisting of ceramic, fireproof fibres or similar materials, which have been fitted around the construction.
• the required coating thickness is in the area of 5-30 mm.
• Flexible mats based on ceramic fibre have the advantage that they are easier to apply, but have the disadvantage that they do not give such good protection and will occupy substantially more space.
• Another disadvantage is that weak points can easily arise in the joints between the mats, and there is also a problem with attachment. These mats can be prefabricated in sheet form and attached to the object which is to be protected with nails, bolts, etc.
• the coating should give fire protection for at least 2 hours at approx. 1100 degrees C.
• the coating should give corrosion protection of the steel or base layer.
• the coating should be easy to instal.
• the coating should be mechanically strong.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a fire protective mat in which the advantages of the intumescent, sprayable or applicable coating can be combined with the good qualities of a mat material.
• the coating should also have a corrosion protective effect.
• a further object of the invention is to provide a mat which thus has both intumescent qualities and some degree of flexibility, thus allowing the mat to be shaped to a certain extent according to the surface of the construction, thereby assuming both a convex and a concave shape.
• Yet another object of the invention is to provide a mat which can be attached to the construction in a relatively simple manner, and where the mat sections can be joined together in such a way that no splits or openings occur, thus giving a smooth, uniform quality to the whole protective system.
• spray coating can be completely or largely eliminated by using instead sheets and profiles together with a joining technique using the same material in the form of a paste.
• the prefabricated parts with embedded reinforcement are hung/attached to the welded pins.
• the side facing the steel can be shaped so that an even distribution of the adhesive material is achieved, thus obtaining an even and correct mass distri ⁇ bution from the fire technical point of view.
• the mat in accordance with the present invention is based on the use of intumescent materials which form a ceramic when exposed to fire, and are based on a basic mass of hardened plastic, e.g. epoxy, polyester or acrylate plastic which are combined with a filling medium which has intumescent and possibly also ceramic-forming properties.
• a mat can be produced in thicknesses of up to at least 10 mm and will have a relatively high degree of flexibility.
• glass fibre or metal preferably in the form of a mesh.
• the mat can have a production width of 1 m and a density of between 0.7 and 1.3 g pr. cubic cm.
• mats of various widths can be designed, thus making it easier to adapt them to the shape.
• mat sections can be designed of an angular shape.
• the mats could be joined in the corner.
• the mats can be equipped with a bevel or stepped edge, thus allowing the mat elements to be fitted overlapping one another in order to maintain the total thickness.
• a paste is used which can be ironed or sprayed on to form a completely airtight connection. This paste consists of a material with properties of the same kind as the composition of the mat.
• the mats are attached by means of attaching members such as pins, which in the case of steel constructions can be welded on to the surface and in the case of composites are attached with special screws. These pins or attaching members will stick into the mat and secure it in the event of ceramicisation during a fire and ensure that the fire protection remains in place. This is important, since the mat will lose some of its strength during intumescence and pyrolysis. This effect is also counteracted by the embedded reinforcement.
• the material is primed or painted with a thin, corrosion protective coating.
• a thin layer of hardening glue is sprayed which serves to attach the mat to the base.
• the mat can be installed with the mats laid edge to edge. A bevelling or stepped edge of the mats is provided by having the mat's reinforcement mesh stick out at each side. This reinforcement is laid so that it is overlapping. Paste with the same composition as the mat material is inserted into the joints, thus giving a homogeneous mass when it hardens. This paste will also penetrate into the reinforcement mesh and form a uniform mat structure from the individual mat sections.
• Thicker layers up to 30 mm are provided by applying several layers of mats with a standardised thickness, e.g. 5 mm.
• the mats are glued on to one another and laid edge to edge with a jointing tape.
• the next layer is applied overlapping the last.
• the mat is attached mechanically only partly by gluing, since due to heating it will also be necessary to attach the mats with spikes or pins which are attached to the construction. When the material swells the spikes will be incapsulated and the mat structure secured. The reinforcement in the actual mat will make the mat structure self-supporting.
• the basis is a similar preparatory treatment of the steel surface to that in the first example and the use of hardening glue.
• mats are used with different widths, e.g. strips with a width of 10-30 mm, angle elements for corners, e.g. 40x40 mm in dimension, and wider mats with a width of between 300 and 600 mm.
• the insulation is built up by gluing the angles at the corners of the steel and lining the sides with mats.
• the narrow strips are used on surfaces which are extremely curved.
• the pins or pegs which are attached to the steel construction by welding are best positioned so that they fit into the joints.
• the joints are filled with paste by means of a joint spray.
• the mat's reinforcement can be mounted in two ways.
• the third alternative is illustrated schematically in the figure.
• One corner of the iron construction 1 is represented schematically with hatching.
• Around one corner mats have been installed in accordance with the invention.
• an angular mat element 2 which is followed on both sides by standard mat element 3.
• All mat elements 2 and 3 have stepped side edges, as illustrated by 4.
• the mats have been laid overlapping and secured by means of a paste with the same composition as the material of the mat.
• the mat is glued to the construction 1 by means of a hardening agent and further attached by means of pins 5 which are welded on steel.
• the pins are preferably also placed in the joint area.
• the mat is further equipped with a reinforcement in the form of a glass fibre mesh 6 which is lying loose in the step joint area. When exposed to fire the mat will swell and thus become attached to the pins 5.
• a mat protection constructed as illustrated in the figure will give an even and reliable protection of the construction.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Fireproofing Substances (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19893193

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (7)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (6)

• 1990
  • 1990-05-22 NO NO902257A patent/NO174693C/no unknown
• 1991
  • 1991-05-22 EP EP91909844A patent/EP0600863A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1991-05-22 WO PCT/NO1991/000075 patent/WO1991018155A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-05-22 AU AU78882/91A patent/AU7888291A/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (6)

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