WO1991014115A1 - Chattering preventing method and device - Google Patents
Chattering preventing method and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1991014115A1 WO1991014115A1 PCT/SE1991/000167 SE9100167W WO9114115A1 WO 1991014115 A1 WO1991014115 A1 WO 1991014115A1 SE 9100167 W SE9100167 W SE 9100167W WO 9114115 A1 WO9114115 A1 WO 9114115A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- friction ring
- ring
- temperature
- gear wheel
- shaft
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/0006—Vibration-damping or noise reducing means specially adapted for gearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H2063/3093—Final output elements, i.e. the final elements to establish gear ratio, e.g. dog clutches or other means establishing coupling to shaft
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for preventing chattering and drawbacks associated therewith, which can arise between intermeshing gear wheels, primarily with regard to the type of chattering which arises when the device is intended to operate within a given temperature range and whereby a lubricant is used whose viscosity in the upper temperature range is less than the viscosity in the lower temperature range.
- a gearbox comprises a plurality of gear wheels which, preferably with help of bearings, are rotatably arranged on shafts.
- chattering usually arises because the gear teeth of the two intermeshing gear wheels impact each other. This is a drawback which is undesirable.
- the drawback is due to the fact that the lubricant which is used in the gearbox cannot have a viscosity which is too high when the gearbox is at a low temperature.
- the higher the viscosity the thicker the liquid becomes and thus it becomes more difficult to execute movements of components which are in the liquid/lubricant. Accordingly, the viscosity of the lubricant at the lowest imaginable operating temperature (for example -40°C) must be such that it is still possible to engage a gear (move a gear wheel) without great difficulty.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device which eliminates the above mentioned problem.
- a friction ring is arranged between said gear wheel and said shaft
- the method is characterized in that a friction ring is arranged between said gear wheel and said shaft, at least parts of which friction ring consist of radially extending members which, at least together with the base part on which it may be arranged, at least in the radial direction l h at a temperature increase from T 0 to T 2 expands quicker than the radial distance l h in the gap where the friction ring is arranged, dl f /dT>dl h /dT, so that the friction ring at the upper temperature applies a larger radial force between the shaft and the gear wheel than at the lower temperature.
- it is assured that an increase of the frictional resistance only arises when it is desired, i.e. when chatter would otherwise occur.
- it is extremely cheap and simple to affix.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a friction ring which, depending on conditions, can be combined with a bearing in an optimal manner.
- Fig. 1 shows in perspective a needle bearing which, in a preferred case, is used together with the subject of the invention.
- Fig. 2 shows a friction ring in accordance with the invention in perspective
- Fig. 3 shows the friction ring and the needle bearing fitted between a shaft and a gear wheel in a gearbox.
- a conventional needle bearing 3 is shown in Fig. 1, which consists of a cage 30 in which a plurality of rollers 31 are arranged.
- the rollers 31 are provided in two circu ferentially extended rows.
- the needle bearing is made with a plurality of rectangularly shaped openings 32. The significance of these openings for the invention will be explained later.
- the friction ring 1 in this preferred case, consists of a single unit which is suitably made from a thermoplastic, preferably polyamide.
- the unit consists of a homogenous, ring shaped base part 12 from which radial protrusions 11 project.
- the radial protrusions 11 are intended to be arranged in the notches 32 in the needle bearing 3.
- the friction ring 1 is divided with help of a split 13. This split makes it possible to apply the friction ring around a shaft by prizing it apart, thanks to the use of a flexible, preferably elastic, material in the friction ring 1.
- the needle bearing 3 is also made in a corresponding way in order to simplify the fitting thereof. In this case, however, a plastic other than polyamide is used, namely preferably a cured plastic.
- Fig. 3 shows a part of a gearbox in cross-section.
- a section of one of the shafts 4 can been seen, upon which a gear wheel 2 is arranged, with its tooth faces 21.
- the friction ring is hereby arranged in such a way that between each and every opening 32 in the needle bearing 3, a radially projecting protrusion 11 extends from the friction ring 1. It is desirable that the thickness of the uniform ring 12 of the friction ring 1, i.e.
- the distance between its inner peripheral surface 15 and the peripheral surface 14 arranged between the protrusions substantially corresponds to the distance between the inwardly directed peripheral surface of the friction ring 3 and the distance with which the rollers 31 project from the latter mentioned surface. In this manner, a unit with a substantially constant inner diameter is achieved.
- the total length of the protrusions 11, 12 (l f ) substantially corresponds to the distance (l h ) between the gear wheel 2 and the shaft 4 in the gap 5 in which the friction ring 1 is inserted. It should be noted that these latter mentioned lengths only exactly correspond with each other at a certain given temperature (T,) , since the coefficients of expansion of the friction ring 1 on the one hand and the shaft 4 and gear wheel 2 respectively on the other hand are considerably different. The coefficient of expansion for the material of the friction ring 1 significantly exceeds the value of the coefficient of expansion for material in the surrounding parts 2,4.
- the invention operates in the following manner. At low temperatures (approx. T 0 ) the radial maximum height of the friction ring 1 (l f ) is less than the distance (l h ) in the gap in which the friction ring is inserted. This means that the gear wheel 2 during movement is principally only affected by the viscous forces from the lubricant in which it is arranged. When the temperature in the gearbox after a period of use rises, the viscosity of the lubricant decreases in accordance with that which was described earlier. At the same time, the friction ring 1 is affected by the increased temperature and, thanks to its higher coefficient of expansion, it expands more quickly than that which is the case for the gap (l h ) in which it is arranged.
- the friction ring At a certain given temperature T, (for example 40°C) the friction ring will have expanded so much that its radial maximum length (l f ) coincides with the radial distance in the gap (l h ) . If the temperature rises further (T>Tj) the friction ring begins to apply a radial force in the gap between the gear wheel 2 and the shaft 4. The higher the temperature, the higher the force since the expansion of the friction ring in the gap is higher than the surrounding parts. Thanks to this radial force which is generated by the friction ring, a certain braking moment is applied to the gear wheel 2, which braking moment prevents the gear wheel from running too freely and thereby eliminates the origin of the undesired chattering.
- T for example 40°C
- the radial maximum distance (l f ) of the friction ring may be selected with regard to its coefficient of expansion in relation to the surrounding material and be optimized so that the two radial distances (l f , l h ) are the same at a temperature ⁇ which is determined with regard to the normal operating temperature (approx. T 2 ) for the gearbox so that an optimal braking effect is achieved at the normal operating temperature (approx. T 2 ) .
- the choice of a thermoplastic is not only advantageous with regard to manufacturing and the coefficient of expansion, but also with regard to its good wear properties.
- the needle bearing 3 is a preferably already existing component. In certain cases it is however possible to provide the needle bearing 3 and the friction ring integrated already during manufacture, whereby the cage 30 and the friction ring l is suitably formed as an integrated unit.
- the invention has been described in connection with gearboxes for vehicles, the skilled man will realize that also further fields of application, gearboxes of the type for large fixed machines, etc., are possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9000815-2 | 1990-03-08 | ||
SE9000815A SE468139B (sv) | 1990-03-08 | 1990-03-08 | Foerfarande och anordning foer att foerhindra skrammel och daermed foerknippade olaegenheter mellan med varandra ingripande kugghjul |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1991014115A1 true WO1991014115A1 (en) | 1991-09-19 |
Family
ID=20378791
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1991/000167 WO1991014115A1 (en) | 1990-03-08 | 1991-03-04 | Chattering preventing method and device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
SE (1) | SE468139B (sv) |
WO (1) | WO1991014115A1 (sv) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0976951A1 (de) * | 1998-07-25 | 2000-02-02 | Ford-Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltgetriebe mit Anti-Rassel-Reibringanordnung |
-
1990
- 1990-03-08 SE SE9000815A patent/SE468139B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-03-04 WO PCT/SE1991/000167 patent/WO1991014115A1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Vol. 9, No. 73, M368; & JP,A,59 205 067, 20-11-1984, (NISSAN JIDOSHA K.K.). * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0976951A1 (de) * | 1998-07-25 | 2000-02-02 | Ford-Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltgetriebe mit Anti-Rassel-Reibringanordnung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE9000815L (sv) | 1991-09-09 |
SE9000815D0 (sv) | 1990-03-08 |
SE468139B (sv) | 1992-11-09 |
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