Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
  • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
  • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
  • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
  • B32B3/20—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes; of pieces with channels or cavities
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
  • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
  • B60R13/0815—Acoustic or thermal insulation of passenger compartments
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
  • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
  • B60R13/0815—Acoustic or thermal insulation of passenger compartments
  • B60R13/083—Acoustic or thermal insulation of passenger compartments for fire walls or floors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
  • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
  • B32B2307/102—Insulating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
  • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
  • B32B2605/08—Cars
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
  • Y10T428/234—Sheet including cover or casing including elements cooperating to form cells
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
  • Y10T428/234—Sheet including cover or casing including elements cooperating to form cells
  • Y10T428/236—Honeycomb type cells extend perpendicularly to nonthickness layer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
  • Y10T428/24157—Filled honeycomb cells [e.g., solid substance in cavities, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
  • Y10T428/24165—Hexagonally shaped cavities
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
  • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
  • Y10T428/249955—Void-containing component partially impregnated with adjacent component
  • Y10T428/249958—Void-containing component is synthetic resin or natural rubbers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
  • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
  • Y10T428/249986—Void-containing component contains also a solid fiber or solid particle

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a sound-absorbing composite for noise reduction, with at least one component capable of vibration, preferably made of sheet metal or plastic, and a vibration-damping damping film, and to a vibration-damping damping film which is particularly suitable for use in this composite.
• known measures for reducing the noise level generated by vibrating structural or body parts are limited to stiffening and damping of the structural or body parts in question and to additional measures for sound insulation.
• known sound-absorbing composite structures essentially consist of a body part and a rigid, lossy damping foil which is glued or melted thereon, onto which, in turn, sound-insulating layers and a decorative or Carpet layer are applied.
• the flexurally rigid damping films used are known to any person skilled in the art under the most varied of trade names, for example bitumen film X999 / 3-UKN.
• damping foils have various properties which are disadvantageous for their use.
• the application of the various cut foils requires a lot of space in the production line and requires complex logistics.
• these damping foils tend to crumble and form crumbs during cutting and processing.
• these crumbs contaminate the immersion baths used in the manufacture of vehicles, in particular paint baths, in an intolerable manner and make additional cleaning measures necessary, which additionally increase the production costs.
• a sound-absorbing composite structure is to be created, the sound-damping effectiveness of which is improved compared to the conventional composite structures, allows cost-effective assembly without contamination of the immersion baths used in the manufacture of vehicles, and also does not cause any significant fatigue and wear and tear after prolonged use. has signs of wear, that is to say it retains its sound damping effectiveness unabated.
• the present composite can be dismantled very easily.
• this object is achieved with a sound-absorbing composite structure of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that the vibration-damping damping film consists of at least one flexible heavy-duty film and a viscoelastic support layer which is firmly connected to it, which support layer is one Includes a large number of angularly structured support elements,
• the individual support elements are shaped and arranged in such a way that, together with the vibratable component and the flexible heavy film, they form a coherent cavity labyrinth with acoustically effective cavities.
• the composite structure according to the invention has a damping behavior which is considerably improved compared to the known sound-absorbing composite structures, in particular in the frequency ranges which are disruptive in automobile construction.
• the acoustic properties of the sound-absorbing composite can thus be significantly improved without increasing the thickness of the damping film or increasing the surface weight of the composite.
• a major advantage of the composite plant according to the invention lies in its manufacture when used in automobile construction. Since the sound-absorbing damping film for the present composite is not glued or melted, it can be inserted into the vehicle after the vehicle body has been immersed in the immersion bath and dried in the oven. This prevents crumbs of the damping film from contaminating the immersion bath. In particular, the film can also be integrated in the sound-insulating structure, as a result of which the step of inserting the film is eliminated.
• Another significant advantage of the composite structure according to the invention results from the use of a flexible heavy foil which has the desired acoustic effects over a much wider temperature interval than conventional rigid bitumen foils.
• the spaced application of the heavy film reduces the temperature coupling between the body part and the heavy film, which further improves the effectiveness of the composite, even at extreme temperatures.
• the improved effectiveness of the composite according to the invention is surprising to the person skilled in the art in that the material loss factor of a flexible heavy film is smaller than that of rigid materials and on the other hand the composite, compared to the composite with glued or melted damping film, has no relevant stiffening.
• the significantly improved acoustic damping effectiveness lies essentially in the behavior of the boundary layer between Damping film and vibrating component or body part.
• the external friction at this boundary layer due to the conversion of vibrational energy into heat
• the damping film and the structural or body part can vibrate in opposite directions, at least in some areas, and thus enable a mechanical pulse exchange with an extremely effective damping effect.
• the angular-structured support layer which on the one hand addresses the material losses of the damping film by increased deformations in these elements in an improved manner by the design of the easily deformable support elements and on the other hand by the special arrangement these support elements form a coherent cavity labyrinth with acoustically effective cavities, which drastically increase the friction and reflection losses of the air swinging back and forth.
• these support elements have a star-shaped profile and are arranged in such a way that triangular cavities are formed.
• the support elements are shaped and arranged in such a way that circular cavities are formed.
• FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a composite work according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a special arrangement and shape of support elements in the support position of the inventive one
• Fig. 3 shows a preferred arrangement and shape of support elements in the support position of the inventive composite.
• the composite 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises an oscillatable component 2, on which the vibration-damping damping film 3 is placed. It is immaterial to the invention whether the component 2 is made of sheet metal or plastic. Any heavy-layer material normally used in the automotive industry can be used as the damping film 3. A variety of such products are known to those skilled in the art. In a tried and tested embodiment of the composite according to the invention, an EPDM film is used as the damping film. These damping foils usually have a thickness of 3 to 6 mm.
• the damping foil 3 used for the present composite consists according to the invention of a flexible heavy foil 5 and a support layer 4 firmly connected thereto.
• a flexible heavy foil is to be understood in the following to mean a foil whose bending stiffness is Room temperature is significantly smaller than that of a bitumen film with a large modulus of elasticity, in particular at room temperature (approx. 23 °) the static bending resistance per unit of cross-sectional area and per unit of bending angle is about a factor 4-6 smaller than that of the usual ones used rigid insulation foils.
• the support layer 4 firmly connected to the flexible heavy layer 5 is composed of a plurality of support elements 6.
• These support elements 6 can be made of any material which on the one hand has a high coefficient of sliding friction and on the other hand has a high loss factor in order to achieve satisfactory acoustic effectiveness through direct friction losses and through visco-elastic deformation losses.
• These support elements 6 can be glued on directly or fastened to the heavy film with the aid of a carrier film or stamped directly into the heavy film. In a tried and tested embodiment, a 6 mm thick, flexible heavy film was embossed in such a way that these support elements 6 remained as unembossed partial areas and had a thickness of 1 to 2 mm.
• a sound-insulating layer 7 is applied to the heavy film 5.
• Such sound-insulating layers 7 are known to the person skilled in the art and can, for example, have a sandwich structure which functions as a mass-spring system. As a rule, these sound-insulating layers have a thickness of approx. 20 mm.
• the soundproofing layer can consist of hard foam or compressed textile or mineral nonwovens or can be omitted entirely.
• the composite according to the invention pays increased attention to the dissipative mechanisms in the boundary layer and overlay.
• a large part of the vibration energy of the air vibrating between the component 2 and the flexible heavy film 5 is also destroyed.
• the support elements 6 are shaped and arranged in a special way.
• the support elements 6, together with the component 2 and the heavy film 5, form a cavity labyrinth which allows the vibrating air to move in the transverse direction over the entire vibratable surface.
• the vibrating air loses sound energy to an increased degree due to friction and reflection losses.
• the cavities 12 formed by the special shape and arrangement of the support elements 6 are essential to the present invention. These open cavities are dimensioned such that the sound frequencies relevant for automobile construction are optimally absorbed. The sound-absorbing effects of these cavities prove to be surprisingly high.
• connection openings have a clear width of approximately 3 mm and a length of 5 mm.
• the damping constant for the decay of the plate vibration by up to one Factor 2 was better than for a comparable unstructured bitumen film.
• the side lengths of these triangular cavities are approximately 2 cm, while the width of the individual webs of these star-shaped support elements 6 is approximately 5 mm.
• the above-described sound-absorbing composite can be used on motor vehicles of all types as well as on construction or industrial machines, the noise levels of which have intolerable values.
• the sound-absorbing composite can also be used in the construction sector as a sound-absorbing floor covering.
• the spring layer can be replaced by a hard foam or compressed textile or mineral nonwovens or can be omitted entirely. This results in improved impact sound insulation and, by partially decoupling from the building ceiling, a reduction in sound transmission to adjacent or underlying rooms.
• the damping film 3 of the sound-absorbing composite 1 can be designed as an effective vibration damper for high surface pressures.
• Such fiber-reinforced heavy films with open web structures on one or both sides according to FIGS. 2 and 3 allow compression deformations in the thickness direction and shear deformations, ie web compression, in the layer plane.

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=4280677

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (38)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1989
  • 1989-12-29 CH CH4683/89A patent/CH678306A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1990
  • 1990-12-21 WO PCT/CH1990/000291 patent/WO1991009728A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1990-12-21 EP EP91900147A patent/EP0461215B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-12-21 ES ES91900147T patent/ES2054481T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-12-21 US US07/743,372 patent/US5186996A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-12-21 DE DE59005761T patent/DE59005761D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-12-21 JP JP50091691A patent/JPH0643112B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (2)

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