WO1991007245A1 - Procede et dispositif de controle de la force de serrage pour des machines-outils - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de controle de la force de serrage pour des machines-outils Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991007245A1
WO1991007245A1 PCT/DE1990/000866 DE9000866W WO9107245A1 WO 1991007245 A1 WO1991007245 A1 WO 1991007245A1 DE 9000866 W DE9000866 W DE 9000866W WO 9107245 A1 WO9107245 A1 WO 9107245A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clamping
force
jaws
clamping jaws
workpiece
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1990/000866
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heiko Noske
Original Assignee
Heiko Noske
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heiko Noske filed Critical Heiko Noske
Publication of WO1991007245A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991007245A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
    • B23B31/16—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving radially
    • B23B31/16233—Jaws movement actuated by oblique surfaces of a coaxial control rod
    • B23B31/16254—Jaws movement actuated by oblique surfaces of a coaxial control rod using fluid-pressure means to actuate the gripping means
    • B23B31/16258—Jaws movement actuated by oblique surfaces of a coaxial control rod using fluid-pressure means to actuate the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/002—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring the holding action of work or tool holders
    • B23Q17/005—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring the holding action of work or tool holders by measuring a force, a pressure or a deformation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2717/00—Arrangements for indicating or measuring
    • B23Q2717/003—Arrangements for indicating or measuring in lathes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring the clamping force in machine tools according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the workpiece to be machined is clamped in a workpiece holder.
  • a certain clamping force must be observed. If the tension is too low, devastating consequences can occur. So there is the possibility that the workpiece from the workpiece would be thrown out, which poses a significant risk of accidents for people in the area. The workpiece itself and other objects can also be damaged. If, on the other hand, the clamping force is too great, the workpiece or the workpiece holder is deformed.
  • the required clamping force is applied hydraulically by exerting a force on the inside of the clamping jaws, which are movably mounted in a chuck body.
  • This force is e.g. Introduced via an actuating rod which engages with the clamping jaws via a conical gear.
  • the sliding surfaces formed between the clamping jaws on the one hand and the chuck body and the gear on the other hand require lubrication so that the frictional forces are reduced and material corrosion is avoided.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a method for monitoring the clamping force of machine tools in such a way that an automatic measurement of the clamping force is made possible so that the operating personnel can be warned in time of an excessive decrease in the clamping force.
  • the basic idea of the invention is based on determining the clamping force applied to the workpiece by means of the clamping jaws via the clamping work or the travel pressure or the travel path which is carried out during the hydraulic actuation (it should be expressly mentioned that the term "travel pressure" means both Individual pressures in the cylinder chambers of a double chamber cylinder as well as the differential pressure is included). As a result, it is possible to determine the critical state of friction without great effort and to the operating personnel Signal condition so that cleaning and lubrication can be carried out immediately.
  • the clamping jaws are acted upon by a prestressing force which exerts an increased normal force on the sliding surfaces and thereby causes a significant increase in friction when contamination and reduced lubrication occur. It is thus achieved that the proportion of the frictional force caused by contamination and decreasing lubrication increases compared to the proportion of the other frictional forces.
  • the frictional forces artificially increased by the increased normal force now lead to a clearer influence on the clamping work performed, the travel pressure and the travel path. Therefore, these measurements allow an improved statement about the clamping force.
  • a further development of the invention provides that the clamping jaws are continuously subjected to the prestressing force and the clamping work is also measured continuously.
  • Another alternative provides that the prestressing force is only applied to the clamping jaws at predetermined time intervals and that the clamping work or the travel pressure or the travel path is measured in these time intervals.
  • the amount of the preload force with which the clamping jaws are acted upon can expediently be such that it corresponds to the nominal value of the clamping force for clamping a workpiece.
  • the measurement can also be carried out without clamping a workpiece, so that e.g. the measurement can be carried out during a changeover without disturbing the workflow.
  • the invention further relates to a device for monitoring the clamping force of machine tools according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • the workpiece holder comprises a chuck body with clamping jaws guided therein.
  • the prestressing device consists of spring bodies which are supported on the clamping jaws on the one hand and the chuck body on the other.
  • the prestressing force acts in exactly the same direction as the prestressing force and also acts at the same point as the prestressing force.
  • the hydraulic actuating device consists of an actuating rod which is coupled to the clamping jaws via a gear and a piston which is connected to the actuating rod and is guided in a double-chamber cylinder.
  • the measuring device for the hydraulic clamping work consists of a displacement transducer and a pressure transducer, which are assigned to the double chamber cylinder, and a computer.
  • the clamping work can be calculated in a simple manner, namely via the integral of the pressure difference p on the piston, multiplied by the area a of the piston over the displacement path s.
  • the area of the piston is assumed to be given, so that the signals determined by the displacement transducers and pressure transducers can be evaluated directly in the computer to calculate the clamping work W.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a hydraulically actuated workpiece holder of a lathe
  • FIG. 1 shows a model of a hydraulically operated chuck
  • FIG 3 shows a cross section through a chuck body of a lathe with a pretensioning device according to the invention
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a hydraulic actuated workpiece holder 10 of a lathe shown.
  • a spindle 34 of the lathe is rotatably supported in spindle bearings 36.
  • a workpiece holder 10 consisting of a chuck body 18 firmly connected to the spindle 34 and clamping jaws 12 guided therein.
  • the clamping jaws 12 are mounted in, for example, double-T grooves of the chuck body 18 and are radially adjustable.
  • the clamping jaws 12 are adjusted by means of a gear 22 which is conical and also engages with the inside of the clamping jaws 12 via double-T grooves.
  • a longitudinal movement of the gear 22 to the right in the plane of the drawing expands the jaws 12 while they are compressed in the opposite direction.
  • the transmission 22 is connected via an actuating rod 24 to a piston 28 which is guided in a double cylinder 26.
  • This double chamber cylinder 24 is supplied with hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic source (not shown) via hydraulic lines 38.
  • the hydraulic lines 38 are connected to a pressure sensor 32, which has the differential pressure p between one and the other chamber of the double-chamber cylinder 26 recorded.
  • the actuating rod 24 is still led out of the double chamber cylinder 26 in the drawing.
  • There is a displacement transducer 30 which determines the travel path s.
  • the signals from the displacement transducers 30 and pressure transducers 32 arrive at a computer, not shown here, which determines the clamping work W from the values supplied for the travel path s and the pressure difference p. If we also take into account the area a of the piston 28, so that the following calculation formula results:
  • Fig. 2 shows a model of a hydraulically operated chuck, in which the representation of the workpiece holder is limited to the parts that are involved in the creation of frictional forces. Arrows 1 to 5 point to the surfaces between which frictional forces occur.
  • the pretensioning device according to the invention can be used to artificially exert an increased normal force on the surfaces 1, 2 and 3. This normal force multiplied by the friction factor increases the friction force if the friction factor increases due to increasing wear, reduced lubrication or increasing contamination.
  • the desired consequence is that the proportion of the frictional forces between the surfaces 1, 2 and 3 increases compared to the proportion of the frictional forces between the surfaces 4 and 5 and can thus be evaluated even better in terms of measurement technology.
  • the relationship between the clamping force and the clamping work can be determined even better with increasing friction forces on surfaces 1, 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 2 Two alternatives are shown in FIG. 2 as pretensioning device 14.
  • the one alternative shows a spring element 40 that between the mass m2 and an abutment is attached. With this spring element 40 a biasing force is constantly generated, so that a continuous monitoring of the tensioning work is possible.
  • the other alternative shows a spring element 42, which is attached between the mass m2 and an abutment, but in contrast to the spring element 40, is not constantly in contact with the mass m2.
  • a prestressing force is generated with the spring element 42 at certain time intervals by either moving the mass m2 towards the spring element 42 or, conversely, moving the spring element 42 towards the mass m2.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a chuck body 18, e.g. is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the three jaws 12 and a chuck heart 44 can also be seen.
  • the pretensioning device 14 in the form of spring bodies 40 or 42. These can be supported continuously or if necessary between the clamping jaws 12 and the chuck body 18. Instead of the spring body 42, an elastic deformation ring can also be used.
  • FIG. 4 shows a graphical representation Position of the temporal relationship between the clamping force Fsp and the clamping work W.
  • the travel pressure p is also specified, which corresponds to the clamping work W here.
  • the clamping work W and the travel pressure increase with time due to decreasing lubrication and increasing contamination.
  • the tension force Fsp decreases.
  • the threshold corresponds to a value of the clamping force Fsp at which a secure clamping of the workpieces is no longer guaranteed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)

Abstract

Dans des machines-outils, particulièrement des tours, la pièce à usiner est serrée dans une fixation de pièce. Une force de serrage déterminée doit être respectée pour assurer un fonctionnement en sécurité. Si la force de serrage est trop limitée, la pièce peut être éjectée de sa fixation, ce qui représente un risque d'accident considérable. On doit donc tenir compte du fait que la force de serrage se relâche en raison d'une lubrification décroissante et d'un encrassement croissant des surfaces de frottement du mandrin de serrage. Il est par conséquent proposé d'appliquer une précontrainte aux mâchoires de serrage, de déterminer le serrage hydraulique et, en cas de dépassement d'une valeur seuil prédéfinie de ce serrage, de déclencher un signal.
PCT/DE1990/000866 1989-11-10 1990-11-09 Procede et dispositif de controle de la force de serrage pour des machines-outils WO1991007245A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3937466.1 1989-11-10
DE3937466A DE3937466A1 (de) 1989-11-10 1989-11-10 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ueberwachung der spannkraft bei werkzeugmaschinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991007245A1 true WO1991007245A1 (fr) 1991-05-30

Family

ID=6393281

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1990/000866 WO1991007245A1 (fr) 1989-11-10 1990-11-09 Procede et dispositif de controle de la force de serrage pour des machines-outils

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0500617A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3937466A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991007245A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0633096A1 (fr) * 1993-07-05 1995-01-11 Gildemeister Ag Procédé pour ajuster et contrôler la force de serrage sur les machine-outils
EP3288710B1 (fr) * 2015-04-29 2021-03-03 Gühring KG Dispositif de serrage, procédé pour dispositif de serrage et utilisation d'un dispositif de serrage

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004003271B3 (de) * 2004-01-21 2005-10-20 Hakki Ayguen Vorrichtung zum Prüfen der Spannkraft von Spannvorrichtungen
DE102010011318B3 (de) * 2010-03-13 2011-09-15 Ott-Jakob Spanntechnik Gmbh Messeinrichtung zur Kraftmessung an mindestens einer Kraftspannspindel
CH712564A1 (de) * 2016-06-07 2017-12-15 Rego-Fix Ag Spannvorrichtung zum Einspannen eines Werkzeugs in einen Werkzeughalter.
DE102017109347B3 (de) 2017-05-02 2018-03-01 Jakob Antriebstechnik Gmbh Spannkraftüberwachungseinrichtung und Spannvorrichtung mit einer derartigen Spannkraftüberwachungsseinrichtung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2920896A (en) * 1957-11-06 1960-01-12 Buck Tool Co Chuck jaw take-up, including a tapered gib
EP0074535A2 (fr) * 1981-09-12 1983-03-23 Paul Forkardt GmbH & Co. KG Méthode de surveillance de la force de serrage dans des dispositifs de serrage de machines-outils
DE2614549C2 (de) * 1976-04-03 1984-07-26 Wilhelm Hegenscheidt Gmbh, 5140 Erkelenz Vorrichtung zur Werkstückspannkontrolle
US4493041A (en) * 1981-02-18 1985-01-08 Paul Forkardt Gmbh & Co, Kg Method and apparatus for determining the working range of a double-acting clamping cylinder for actuating chucking devices on machine tools
EP0294547A1 (fr) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-14 SMW Schneider & Weisshaupt GmbH Cylindre de serrage circulant pour mandrin de serrage

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4254676A (en) * 1977-10-29 1981-03-10 Pratt Burnerd International Limited Workholding
DE3439402A1 (de) * 1984-10-27 1986-04-30 Günter Horst 7927 Sontheim Röhm Kraftbetaetigtes spannfutter

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2920896A (en) * 1957-11-06 1960-01-12 Buck Tool Co Chuck jaw take-up, including a tapered gib
DE2614549C2 (de) * 1976-04-03 1984-07-26 Wilhelm Hegenscheidt Gmbh, 5140 Erkelenz Vorrichtung zur Werkstückspannkontrolle
US4493041A (en) * 1981-02-18 1985-01-08 Paul Forkardt Gmbh & Co, Kg Method and apparatus for determining the working range of a double-acting clamping cylinder for actuating chucking devices on machine tools
EP0074535A2 (fr) * 1981-09-12 1983-03-23 Paul Forkardt GmbH & Co. KG Méthode de surveillance de la force de serrage dans des dispositifs de serrage de machines-outils
EP0294547A1 (fr) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-14 SMW Schneider & Weisshaupt GmbH Cylindre de serrage circulant pour mandrin de serrage

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0633096A1 (fr) * 1993-07-05 1995-01-11 Gildemeister Ag Procédé pour ajuster et contrôler la force de serrage sur les machine-outils
EP3288710B1 (fr) * 2015-04-29 2021-03-03 Gühring KG Dispositif de serrage, procédé pour dispositif de serrage et utilisation d'un dispositif de serrage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3937466C2 (fr) 1992-01-30
DE3937466A1 (de) 1991-05-16
EP0500617A1 (fr) 1992-09-02

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