Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
  • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
  • F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
  • F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
  • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
  • F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
  • F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
  • F16D2023/0625—Details of members being coupled, e.g. gears
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
  • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
  • F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
  • F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
  • F16D2023/0656—Details of the tooth structure; Arrangements of teeth
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
  • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
  • F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
  • F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
  • F16D2023/0656—Details of the tooth structure; Arrangements of teeth
  • F16D2023/0662—Details relating to special geometry of arrangements of teeth
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
  • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
  • F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
  • F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
  • F16D2023/0656—Details of the tooth structure; Arrangements of teeth
  • F16D2023/0668—Details relating to tooth end or tip geometry
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
  • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
  • F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
  • F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
  • F16D23/0612—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation the blocking mechanism comprising a radial pin in an axial slot with at least one branch

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a manual transmission synchroniser mechanism. It compensates for a difference in rotational speed between members to be coupled driveably by the mechanism.
• German patent Document DE-083225201 describes a synchroniser mechanism having locking springs with axially extending portions, instead of locking members pressed from sheet metal, for transmitting actuating forces to blocking synchroniser rings.
• An object of this invention is to provide a synchroniser mechanism for a manual transmission so that the connection between the control sleeve of the synchroniser and the loosely running gear wheel is produced without breaking away of a blocking ring from a conical surface on the gear, thereby avoiding speed jumps.
• the coupling teeth on the loosely running gearwheels are constructed in the form of radial teeth following the synchroniser cone surfaces in the shifting direction, and the blocking synchroniser rings extending beyond the coupling teeth have radially moveable coupling parts engaged by inclined surfaces ' in the control sleeve with the coupling teeth, a novel form of a synchroniser mechanism results. Because of these features of the synchroniser mechanism of this invention, breakaway of the blocking synchroniser ring is unnecessary after synchronisation is effected by the blocking synchroniser ring in order to terminate the coupling process.
• Radially moveable coupling parts including locking members, distributed angularly around the circumference of the mechanism, are guided in U-shaped recesses in the blocking synchroniser ring, and are held in their starting position by a common annular spring element or by individual spring elements.
• the coupling locking members are held in their starting position in closed openings in the blocking synchroniser ring by individual, axially-inserted spring elements.
• These spring elements concurrently form a centrifugal force stop for the coupling locking members by means of : recesses in the coupling locking member having a triangular longitudinal cross section.
• Figure 1 is a cross section through a synchroniser mechanism according to the invention, the components being located in a neutral position.
• Figure 2 is a cross section similar to that of Figure 1, wherein the components of the mechanism are located as they are in the beginning of synchronisation.
• Figure 3 is a cross section similar to that of Figure 1 showing the components located as they are at completion of the shifting process.
• Figure 4 is an enlarged cross section through a blocking synchroniser ring according to the invention with a sectional coupling locking member.
• Figure 5 is a cross section taken along plane V-V of Figure 4 showing the coupling locking member located in the starting position.
• Figure 6 is an enlarged cross section through an embodiment of the blocking synchroniser ring in which a sectional coupling locking member has an individual rod-shaped spring element. • .
• Figure 7 is a cross section taken at plane VII-VII of Figure 6 with the coupling locking member located in the starting position.
• Figure 8 is an enlarged cross section of an/ embodiment of the blocking synchroniser ring according to the invention wherein a sectional coupling locking member has an individual rod-shaped spring element as part of a closing ring.
• Figure 9 is a partial cross section taken at plane IX-IX of Figure 8, wherein the coupling locking member is located in the starting position and radially directed coupling teeth are illustrated.
• Figure 10 is a partial cross section taken at plane IX-IX in Figure 8 showing the coupling locking member located in the coupling position.
• Figure 11 is a plan view of the blocking synchroniser ring showing integral resilient coupling components.
• Figure 12 is a cross section of the blocking synchroniser ring taken at plane XII-XII of Figure 11.
• Figure 13 is a partial cross section taken at plane XIII-XIII of Figure 12.
• Figure 14 is a vertical cross section of a synchroniser mechanism according to this invention having internal synchroniser mechanism components. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
• Figures 1-3 show a synchroniser mechanism 1 located on a transmission main shaft 2.
• the mechanism includes a synchroniser coupling hub 3 rotatably fixed to the shaft 2, and two adjacent gearwheels 6 and 7 journalled on the outer surface of the shaft by needle bearings 4 and 5, the gearwheels being arranged suitably for meshing engagement with fixed gears or a pinion carried on a driving shaft, driven shaft or countershaft (not shown) .
• a control sleeve 10 is supported for sliding movement on the coupling hub 3 by engagement of external teeth 8 formed on the outer periphery of the hub and internal teeth 9 formed on the inner surface of the sleeve 10.
• the blocking synchroniser rings have internal conical surfaces facing external conical surfaces 18, 19 formed on the gearwheels.
• Radial coupling teeth 20, 21 are formed on the gearwheels after the synchroniser conical faces 18 and 19 are formed.
• Locking members 11 are held in engagement with the control sleeve by means of annular synchroniser locking springs 22, 23.
• This action prevents undesirable smoothening of the contacting frictional surfaces, which include conical faces 18 and 19 on the gearwheels and conical faces of the synchroniser rings 16 and 17, due to reciprocal striking action caused by vibrations in the transmission.
• the coupling locking members 28, 29 located in the recesses 26, 27 are located in three angularly spaced positions about the shaft axis or at any number of such positions selected freely according to the magnitude of torque to be transmitted. These positions are distributed angularly around the periphery and are secured outwardly by respective annular springs 32 located in recesses 13 in rings 16, 17 against displacement due to centrifugal force. Locking members 28, 29 are pushed back into their starting position by the springs upon completion of the gear shift.
• Rings 16, 17 are provided with blocking teeth having inclined surfaces.
• the teeth cooperate with the front edges of internal teeth 8 on the control sleeve 10, which have corresponding inclined surfaces 36, 37.
• control sleeve 10 applies a preshift force to move from its neutral position. Clearances among the several components are removed and the locking members 11, blocking ring 16 and conical face 18 are loaded. The axial end of the recesses 13 on control sleeve 10 presses mound 12 on locking member 11 inwardly, and blocking ring 16 turns into its blocking starting position. Displacement of control sleeve 10 continues and the synchronisation process begins by loading the inclined surfaces on locking teeth 34 of ring 16 and inclined surface 36 on the internal teeth of the sleeve. Ring 16 is forced against conical face 18 on gear wheel 6.
• Locking members 28 are engaged completely with - the coupling teeth 20 on the gear wheel by further sliding the control sleeve until its strikes the gearwheel.
• a rigid connection between gearwheel 6 and the transmission main shaft 2 is produced with the components in the position shown in Figure 3. Torque is transmitted from " gear wheel 6 via the radial coupling teeth 20, coupling locking members 28, blocking synchroniser rings 16, the blocking teeth of ring 16, control sleeve 10, hub 3, and shaft 2.
• Figures 4 and 5 show an embodiment of the invention illustrating the arrangement of a radial coupling locking member 28 and clearance between member 28 and recess 26 in ring 16. Clearance between member 28 and ring 16 and resilient support of the coupling member 28 provided by annular spring 32 are also illustrated.
• Spring 32 is guided in the coupling member 28 by recesses 33.
• the recesses in member 28 are designed such that, on . release, member 28 springs back into its starting position.
• Some of the recesses 33 of the synchroniser ring are larger than necessary and serve as an end stop.
• Figures 6 and 7 illustrate another embodiment in which a radially movable coupling locking member is located within a closed opening 26' in a blocking synchroniser ring 16A Coupling teeth 30' at the radially inner surface of the locking member are adapted to engage coupling teeth 20' located at the radially outer adjacent surface of the gearwheel.
• Locking member 28' is provided with a recess 44, which is triangular in longitudinal cross section and into which a cantilevered rod-shaped spring element 45 penetrates.
• This spring element is fixed in an opening 46 formed in blocking ring 16'.
• the cantilevered rod-shaped spring element a wire spring or a leaf spring, cooperates with the horizontal and inclined faces of recess 44 such that the horizontal face outwardly limits displacement of the coupling member by centrifugal force and the inclined face develops a restoring force during radial displacement of the locking member 28' inwardly.
• Figure 8 shows a further embodiment of a blocking - synchroniser ring 16" in which a U-shaped recess 26" is closed by a closure ring 47 pressed into locking member 28A
• Corresponding rod-shaped spring elements 48 which penetrate into recesses 44" in the coupling locking member 28, are fixed or formed on closure ring 47.
• a coupling locking member 28" On the coupling teeth 30", a coupling locking member 28" has partial slopes 42 located at the radially outer ends.
• Figure 9 shows the coupling locking member 28" in its starting position.
• Figure 10 shows locking member 28" engaged.
• Figure 11 shows a radial plan view of another embodiment of blocking synchroniser rings 16", in which radially movable, resilient coupling parts 50 are formed integrally with a blocking synchroniser ring 16' '' such that some of the coupling parts are separated from the synchroniser ring by slots 50, 52 and 53, as illustrated in Figure 12.
• Figure 14 shows another embodiment of the synchroniser mechanism according to this invention.
• Application of the preshifting force causes control sleeve 10 to move out of its neutral position.
• the synchronisation clearances are removed and the blocking synchroniser ring 17, restoring spring 32 and synchroniser conical face are loaded.
• Sleeve 10, with its sloping face, displaces ring 17 against the resistance of the spring, and the blocking synchroniser ring turns into its blocking starting position before synchronisation.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
• Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
• Gears, Cams (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6389099

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1989
  • 1989-09-09 DE DE3930173A patent/DE3930173C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1990
  • 1990-08-10 DE DE69012576T patent/DE69012576T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-08-10 EP EP90913182A patent/EP0490939B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-08-10 WO PCT/GB1990/001260 patent/WO1991003658A1/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (3)

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