WO1990008101A1 - Cartouche recyclable d'hydrogene - Google Patents

Cartouche recyclable d'hydrogene Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990008101A1
WO1990008101A1 PCT/AT1990/000007 AT9000007W WO9008101A1 WO 1990008101 A1 WO1990008101 A1 WO 1990008101A1 AT 9000007 W AT9000007 W AT 9000007W WO 9008101 A1 WO9008101 A1 WO 9008101A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
cartridge
container
pressure
binding material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT1990/000007
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Schütz
Original Assignee
Elin Energieversorgung Gesellschaft M.B.H.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elin Energieversorgung Gesellschaft M.B.H. filed Critical Elin Energieversorgung Gesellschaft M.B.H.
Publication of WO1990008101A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990008101A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0021—Carbon, e.g. active carbon, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes; Treatment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a recyclable disposable hydrogen cartridge which, in a practical manner, ensures that small consumers are supplied with hydrogen.
  • Hydrogen is often referred to as the energy source of the future.
  • the market launch has so far failed due to the high price and poor manageability.
  • Hydrogen is currently available in the following three storage forms:
  • Hydrogen can be liquefied at very low temperatures (-253 ° C) and stored and transported in this form. This form of storage takes place with very large units, e.g. Tankers use, but is out of the question for economic and technical reasons if small consumers are considered.
  • the safest and most modern form of storage is with the help of hydrogen-binding materials.
  • the hydrogen gas is stored, for example under pressure, in the metal grid of special alloys and can be removed from the storage medium again under reduced pressure and by supplying heat.
  • metal alloys to bind the hydrogen
  • hydride stores are referred to.
  • other substances can also be used to bind the hydrogen, such as zeolites, ceramic substances, activated carbon or special plastics, which are able to bind the hydrogen adsorptively and are therefore suitable as a storage medium.
  • One advantage of this form of storage is that medium-quality hydrogen is converted into a highly pure form by the gettering effect of the metal alloy.
  • the containers used for this are very similar to the high-pressure bottles.
  • the hydrogen-binding material is filled as granules into special pressure bottles, which have heat exchangers inside and outside, in order to be able to dissipate or supply the heat released during loading and the required heat during unloading.
  • 3 are designed for hydrogen quantities from 1 to 5 m.
  • the aim of the present invention was therefore to bring hydrogen onto the market in inexpensive, easy-to-handle, recyclable single-use containers which are readily available in normal trade and are easily interchangeable at any time.
  • this goal is achieved in that a recyclable disposable hydrogen cartridge from a container in the manner of a spray can, gas cartouche, soda water cartridge or a lighter gas refill container, which contains a hydrogen-binding material containing hydrogen.
  • the pressure resistance of such containers is legally stipulated in the steam boiler law.
  • Decree 141 BgBl 132/81).
  • the cartridge preferably contains hydride-forming metal alloys, in particular titanium alloys, but also zeolites and ceramic materials, activated carbon or hydrogen-binding plastics as the hydrogen-binding material.
  • hydride-forming metal alloys in particular titanium alloys, but also zeolites and ceramic materials, activated carbon or hydrogen-binding plastics as the hydrogen-binding material.
  • Materials that correspond to a lower energy content of approx. 1 kWh / liter of storage substance represent the lower limit of applicability. Substances with too high equilibrium pressures are ruled out for use in aerosol-like containers.
  • the preferred way of producing the hydrogen cartridges according to the invention is that the hydrogen-binding material is loaded with hydrogen in an openable pressure container and is filled into the cartridge container at a suitably low temperature and possibly increased pressure, whereupon these are sealed.
  • the temperature for the decanting process will advantageously be chosen so that the equilibrium pressure is as low as possible.
  • the storage tanks according to the invention naturally do not have any additional heat exchangers. Although this reduces the rate of unloading, it also increases the energy density, i.e. the energy content per part by weight or volume, because the dead weight is minimized.
  • the main advantages of the invention thus lie in a cheap hydrogen supply on a small scale through the use of inexpensive, thin-walled disposable containers, factory loading of the hydrogen-absorbing materials with hydrogen and low dead weight by avoiding heat exchangers and other additional devices.
  • Inexpensive, known and commercially available cartouches are suitable as containers for the hydrogen cartridges according to the invention, e.g. in the form of spray cans, camping gas cartouches, soda water cartridges or lighter gas refill containers.
  • the finished cartridges are supplied to the end consumer via conventional distribution channels, who uses them as a gas source.
  • the unloaded cartridges are taken back by the dealer and returned to the manufacturer. There the material is recovered from the cartridges, loaded with hydrogen again and filled into new cartridges. The production cycle is now closed.
  • All process steps for the manufacture of the cartridges according to the invention such as loading the hydrogen-absorbing material, e.g. In the form of powder, granules or pellets, in suitable pressure vessels under high hydrogen pressure and dissipation of the heat thereby generated, and the filling of the cartridges at low temperature under slightly elevated pressure can be carried out without problems for the person skilled in the art.
  • loading the hydrogen-absorbing material e.g. In the form of powder, granules or pellets
  • the cartridges according to the invention can be used, for example, in the laboratory and in portable devices as a source of high-purity hydrogen, it being possible to provide small cartridges for ultra-pure hydrogen which can be used directly in measuring or analysis devices. It can be used as a gas source for the smallest autogenous welding devices or catalytic soldering irons.
  • a special application is the generation of electrical current in connection with small fuel cells.
  • the use of hydride cartridges makes sense wherever the volume and weight of the memory are to be minimized and rapid reloading (replacement of the cartridges) is desired.
  • the equilibrium pressures of alloy 5777 when loaded, i.e. at about 1.5% by weight H- in the alloy are the following:
  • a simple pressure and / or temperature-dependent safety valve can be provided.
  • the parts of a commercially available 200 ml spray can on deep-drawn steel were obtained from an Austrian producer.
  • the vessel was lined with 3 layers of commercially available chemical-resistant plastic varnish. 0
  • the cold pressure container, the parts of the spray can and the necessary tools were placed in a small glove box and the box was filled with hydrogen gas under slight pressure.
  • the pressure vessel was then opened and the hydride material was filled into the spray can up to approx. 5 mm below the upper edge.
  • An approx. 7 mm thick layer of glass wool was pressed into the free space.
  • the edge of the spray can lid was coated with a thin layer of two-component adhesive and pressed into the can. Finally the edge was carefully squeezed. After the adhesive had hardened, the spray can hydride cartridge was removed from the glovebox and checked for leaks by immersing it in a water bath. The cartridge made was tight.
  • the weight loss of the cartridge was then observed over 10 days; the weight remained constant within the range of the measurement accuracy.
  • the cartridge was discharged through the built-in valve and the amount of hydrogen released was checked volumetrically.
  • the hydrogen content of the cartridge corresponded to a hydrogen concentration of 1.4% in the metal, which was to be expected on the basis of the equilibrium curves for the material.

Abstract

Une cartouche recyclable et jetable d'hydrogène comprend un récipient du type aérosol, cartouche à gaz, cartouche de soda ou recharge de gaz pour briquets. Le récipient contient un matériau susceptible de lier l'hydrogène et chargé d'hydrogène.
PCT/AT1990/000007 1989-01-16 1990-01-16 Cartouche recyclable d'hydrogene WO1990008101A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA71/89 1989-01-16
AT0007189A AT396013B (de) 1989-01-16 1989-01-16 Rezyklierbare wasserstoffpatrone enthaltend einen hydridspeicher und verfahren zu deren beladung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990008101A1 true WO1990008101A1 (fr) 1990-07-26

Family

ID=3480760

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT1990/000007 WO1990008101A1 (fr) 1989-01-16 1990-01-16 Cartouche recyclable d'hydrogene

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AT (1) AT396013B (fr)
CS (1) CS22290A3 (fr)
DD (1) DD291610A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990008101A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991007620A1 (fr) * 1989-11-11 1991-05-30 Battelle-Institut E.V. Dispositif d'expulsion pour substances contenues dans un recipient a pression
WO1999038609A1 (fr) * 1998-01-30 1999-08-05 Eberhard Wistuba, Michael Zink Gbr Agent destine a produire une pression gazeuse

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1909732A1 (de) * 1968-06-21 1970-02-19 Grosse Aristid Victor Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung und Lagerung von Wasserstoff
US3508414A (en) * 1968-03-05 1970-04-28 Atomic Energy Commission Method of storing hydrogen
US4135621A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-23 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Hydrogen storage module
DE2855476A1 (de) * 1978-12-22 1980-07-03 Daimler Benz Ag Metallhydridspeicher und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP0025858A1 (fr) * 1979-09-18 1981-04-01 International Business Machines Corporation Matériel de fixation réversible pour hydrogène gazeux
EP0056724A2 (fr) * 1981-01-19 1982-07-28 Inco Selective Surfaces, Inc. Structure de polymère pour le stockage d'hydrogène
EP0084130A1 (fr) * 1981-12-22 1983-07-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de stockage d'hydrogène dans un réservoir à hydrure
EP0188996A2 (fr) * 1985-01-21 1986-07-30 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Récipient de stockage à hydrure métallique et son procédé de fabrication

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2307177C3 (de) * 1973-02-14 1979-08-30 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Material zur drucklosen Wasserstoffspeicherung
DE2906642A1 (de) * 1978-02-24 1979-08-30 Mpd Technology Druckgasbehaelter
DE3216917A1 (de) * 1982-05-06 1983-11-24 Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen Wasserstoff-hydridspeicher

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3508414A (en) * 1968-03-05 1970-04-28 Atomic Energy Commission Method of storing hydrogen
DE1909732A1 (de) * 1968-06-21 1970-02-19 Grosse Aristid Victor Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung und Lagerung von Wasserstoff
US4135621A (en) * 1978-02-24 1979-01-23 The International Nickel Company, Inc. Hydrogen storage module
DE2855476A1 (de) * 1978-12-22 1980-07-03 Daimler Benz Ag Metallhydridspeicher und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP0025858A1 (fr) * 1979-09-18 1981-04-01 International Business Machines Corporation Matériel de fixation réversible pour hydrogène gazeux
EP0056724A2 (fr) * 1981-01-19 1982-07-28 Inco Selective Surfaces, Inc. Structure de polymère pour le stockage d'hydrogène
EP0084130A1 (fr) * 1981-12-22 1983-07-27 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de stockage d'hydrogène dans un réservoir à hydrure
EP0188996A2 (fr) * 1985-01-21 1986-07-30 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Récipient de stockage à hydrure métallique et son procédé de fabrication

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Band 10, Nr 366, C390, Zusammenfassung von JP 61-163101, publ 1986-07-23 *
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Band 7, Nr 135, C170, Zusammenfassung von JP 58- 49601, publ 1983-03-23 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991007620A1 (fr) * 1989-11-11 1991-05-30 Battelle-Institut E.V. Dispositif d'expulsion pour substances contenues dans un recipient a pression
WO1999038609A1 (fr) * 1998-01-30 1999-08-05 Eberhard Wistuba, Michael Zink Gbr Agent destine a produire une pression gazeuse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DD291610A5 (de) 1991-07-04
CS22290A3 (en) 1992-11-18
AT396013B (de) 1993-05-25
ATA7189A (de) 1992-09-15

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