WO1990003261A1 - Verfahren und anordnung zum verschweissen von thermoplastischen werkstoffen mittels wärmestrahlung - Google Patents

Verfahren und anordnung zum verschweissen von thermoplastischen werkstoffen mittels wärmestrahlung Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990003261A1
WO1990003261A1 PCT/EP1989/000706 EP8900706W WO9003261A1 WO 1990003261 A1 WO1990003261 A1 WO 1990003261A1 EP 8900706 W EP8900706 W EP 8900706W WO 9003261 A1 WO9003261 A1 WO 9003261A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
thermoplastic
pressure
radiation
workpieces
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1989/000706
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joachim Heinzl
Karl Bühler
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1990003261A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990003261A1/de

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1454—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1496—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of masks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
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    • B29C66/1312—Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73773—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • B29C66/73774—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being semi-crystalline the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being semi-crystalline
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
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    • B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29L2031/767—Printing equipment or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and arrangement for welding thermoplastic materials by means of thermal radiation according to patent claims 1 and 5.
  • Welding as a manufacturing process can generally be subdivided into joint welding, in which materials are inseparably combined, and cladding, in which a material is coated. According to this definition, a distinction is still made between melting and
  • thermoplastic materials are joined together using a heat stamp.
  • the heat stamp is a Teflon-coated metal stamp with a built-in heating coil, designed to match the weld seam. Pulse-like heating of the heat stamp and simultaneous pressure loading of the materials to be joined weld them together. The welding energy is due to heat conduction transferred to the parts to be connected. With this process, known as heating element welding, the most varied of thermoplastic materials can be joined together. It is disadvantageous, however, that a relatively high outlay on equipment, including a stamping tool that is expensive to manufacture, is required for heating element welding.
  • thermoplastic film material is joined to a solid thermoplastic plastic part.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and an arrangement for welding thermoplastic materials in which less equipment is required to carry out or construct it and which, on the other hand, delivers faster welding results with less mechanical and thermal stress on the welding partners as well as being inexpensive and easy to use.
  • the object is achieved in the method and the arrangement for welding thermoplastic materials by means of thermal radiation by the features specified in claims 1 and 5.
  • the solution is characterized in particular by the fact that a first and second thermoplastic workpiece is welded to one another with a low mechanical and thermal load under a resilient pressing force by means of an energy-rich infrared radiation beam.
  • ink containers preferably an elastic, transparent plastic film or solid, radiation-absorbing plastic is used.
  • the solution is characterized by the use of a transparent pressure element and a reflective diaphragm, with which the infrared radiation beam emitted by the radiation device in the welding plane in the area outside the weld seam between the two thermoplastic workpieces is blanked out to form a weld seam, and this directly are arranged on the first thermoplastic workpiece.
  • a low-stress glass material with good transmission properties in the infrared range is preferably used for the transparent pressure element, while the reflecting diaphragm is advantageously made of titanium or one
  • Chromium-nickel connection is established.
  • the transparent pressure element can be connected directly to the reflective panel.
  • the smooth surface of the transparent pressure element also results in a smooth, shiny weld seam, in which there are no adhesion problems with the pressure element when the thermoplastic workpieces are shaped after the welding process.
  • the solution is also characterized by the fact that very complicated, flat contours can be welded quickly and inexpensively, the respective welding contour being able to be changed without great expenditure of time by exchanging the pressure element and the reflecting diaphragm.
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of an infrared welding device
  • FIG. 2 shows the temperature distribution of infrared welding in relation to heating element welding over the thickness of the thermoplastic materials to be welded
  • 3 shows an exploded view of an infrared welding device for ink containers
  • FIG. 5 shows the transmitted and reflected infrared radiation of a mirror mask which is correctly coated for the welding process and provided with a reflection layer
  • FIG. 6 shows the transmitted and reflected infrared radiation of a mirror mask which is incorrectly coated for the welding process and provided with a reflective layer
  • FIG. 7 shows an ink container with three liquid chambers
  • FIG. 8 shows an ink container with a liquid chamber.
  • thermoplastic semi-crystalline workpiece 3 of thickness d2 resting on a stationary platform 6 and another layered thermoplastic semi-crystalline workpiece 2 of thickness.
  • d1 which are to be welded to one another at predetermined welding surfaces A in the layering plane, hereinafter also referred to as the welding plane.
  • a low-pressure pressure glass 12 for example a Tempax sheet glass made of borosilicate, which is suitable for thermal and mechanical loads, is arranged on the thermoplastic workpiece 2, the thickness dO, where it is pressed evenly onto the thermoplastic workpiece 2 with a pressure force F.
  • this pressure force F is explained by the welding practice of plastics. So is because of the relatively high dynamic viscosity of the plastics, for example > 10 4 cP, a certain pressure is required for welding. This is towards it to be attributed to the fact that the welding of partially crystalline thermoplastics must be heated up to a temperature above the crystallization temperature. Since the plastic flows apart in this plastic state, a certain pressure is required in order to achieve the confluence or welding of the interfaces. On the other hand, this welding pressure must not be too strong, since otherwise the strength of the weld seam is reduced when the melt is pushed away. This is particularly the case when the thermoplastic workpiece 2 is designed as a plastic film. In addition, when applying the pressure force F, it must be taken into account that when the plastic cools, a volume decrease occurs, which must be compensated for by appropriate measures. For example, a resilient pressure force F would be suitable for this.
  • a halogen incandescent lamp 41 is arranged above the pressure glass 12 at a distance z1.
  • This halogen incandescent lamp 41 is electrically connected to a voltage source 5, which forces a current I by applying a voltage U to the halogen incandescent lamp 41.
  • the halogen incandescent lamp 41 converts this current I into a proportional radiation flow $.
  • the radiation emitted by the halogen incandescent lamp 41 reaches the surface of the pressure glass 12 at a solid angle ⁇ .
  • infrared welding uses heat radiation to supply the energy required for welding.
  • the radiation energy emitted by the halogen incandescent lamp 41 is converted into heat by the pressure glass 12 and the two thermoplastic workpieces 2, 3 in accordance with the respective degree of reflection, absorption and transmission.
  • the relationship according to the energy conservation law that the sum of the reflection, absorption and transmission energy in relation to the radiation energy of the halogen incandescent lamp 41 is equal to 1 is to be used.
  • FIG. 2 shows the temperature distribution of the components involved in the welding process, both for infrared welding (IR) and for heating element welding (HE), as shown in FIG. 1. This qualitative representation can be seen immediately that starting at room temperature the maximum warming occurs in infrared welding directly, in the welding plane at a welding temperature, while in the heating element
  • IR infrared welding
  • HE heating element welding
  • Welding during infrared welding is also dependent on the welding temperature, the exposure time of the welding temperature, the temperature distribution in the welding plane, the welding pressure and the cooling process.
  • the welding temperature in turn is due to the power of the halogen incandescent lamp 41, the losses in the beam path, the optical properties of the thermoplastic workpieces 2, 3 to be welded together and the distance z1 between the pressure glass 12 and the halogen incandescent lamp 41.
  • the welding device essentially consists of a pressure device 1 and a welding lamp 4.
  • a base plate 10 on which a holding device 11 for the thermoplastic workpieces 2, 3 is detachably fastened in the center, is characteristic of the construction of the pressure device 1.
  • the receiving device 11, which is smaller than the base plate 10, is designed such that the workpieces 3 are supported in the area of the weld seam or weld seams.
  • the further configuration of the receiving device 11 depends on how the thermoplastic workpieces 2, 3 to be welded together are shaped.
  • the welding device shown in FIG. 3 is to be used, for example, to produce an ink container as shown in FIG. 7 for the three ink colors yellow, cyan and magenta.
  • Typical of such an ink container are a black base body 3 made of Lupolen from the HDPE group (HDPE: high-density polyethylene) with a glossy surface and a crystalline content of 90% and a natural-colored, transparent membrane film 2 made from Lupolen from the LDPE group (LDPE: low density polyethylene) with a matt surface and a crystalline content of approx. 60%. While the base body 3 is 1.5 mm thick in the area of the weld seam, the double-layered and additionally elastic membrane film 2 has a total thickness of 200 ⁇ m.
  • the base body 3 is in
  • a molded part 33 with a U-shaped cross section and closed at the end faces adjoins an open side of the cuboid base part 32.
  • On the opposite open side of the cuboid base part 32 is one of the top surface Before the base part 32 protruding edge 34 is provided.
  • This border 34 at the same time also encompasses the double-coated, elastically designed membrane film 2, which is placed on the base part 32 before the base body 3 is inserted into the receiving device 11.
  • the membrane film 2 has, according to the arrangement of the ink chambers 30 in the base body 3, flexible bulges 20 which plunge into the ink chambers 30 when the membrane film 2 is applied to the base body 3.
  • the border 34 serves as leakage protection of the ink liquid in the event that the membrane film 2 welded to the base body 3 wears out over time when the ink containers are used in ink printing devices and becomes ink-permeable.
  • the base body 3 When the base body 3 is inserted into the holding device 11 together with the membrane film 2, the base body 3 is first inserted with the U-shaped molded parts 33 into a shaft 110 of the holding device 11 provided for this purpose.
  • the shaft 111 In the shaft 111, three ribs 111 running parallel to one another are arranged in such a way that the base body 3, with the lower edge of the base part 32 and the partition walls 31 resting on the ribs 111, forms a flush surface with the receiving device 11 and supports the weld seam.
  • a double-layer, stamp-like pressure glass 12 is then used on the receiving device 11.
  • the double-layer structure of the pressure glass 12 with a fitting part 120 and a support part 121 is due to the border 34 of the base body 3.
  • the fitting part 120 is attached to an adhesive surface 701 of the support part 121 by means of a one-component adhesive and is dimensioned such that it covers the entire surface of the cover surface of the base body 3 bordered by the border 34.
  • gluing offers itself as a connection technique when the transmittance deteriorates from 0.8 to 0.7. So that the support part 121 with a support surface 700 lies flat on the receiving device 11, the thickness of the fitting part 120 corresponds to the height of the border 34.
  • the supporting part 121 of the pressure glass 12 is also dimensioned such that it is flush with the edges of the receiving device 11.
  • the fitting part 120 is provided with a reflection layer 122 on the side facing away from the support part 121.
  • the reflection layer 122 is structured in such a way that the membrane film 2 is welded to the base body 3 at the locations provided for this purpose.
  • the reflection layer 122 is also applied to the contact surface 700 of the contact part 121, in order in particular to protect the border 34 and the receiving device 11 from the infrared rays of the welding lamp 4.
  • contact welding which is undesirable, occurs in the region of the absorption layer as a result of the resulting strong heating of the pressure glass 12.
  • a low-pressure glass 12 which is constructed in the manner described and provided with the reflection layer 122 in the manner described is referred to as a mirror mask.
  • the reflection layer 122 is aluminum, which is deposited on a 1 ⁇ m thick titanium intermediate layer and still reflects 85% of the incident radiation in the infrared range.
  • silver can also be used as the material for the reflection layer 122.
  • Silver which is much more expensive in terms of reflectivity, but has the disadvantage, like aluminum, that it is very susceptible to scratches and fingerprints. It is therefore expedient to use materials for the reflective layer 122 which have a higher mechanical strength, such as CrNi compounds or titanium.
  • a rubber frame 13 is then positioned on the pressure glass 12 designed as a mirror mask, and then a pressure frame 14 for applying the pressure force F.
  • the positioning takes place via four knurled screws 15, which can be pushed through in each case in four rectangular openings 130 and 140, respectively, and can be screwed into threaded holes 100 of the base plate 10 along the pressure glass 12 and the receiving device 11.
  • Uniform tightening of the knurled screws 15 thus achieves a uniform surface pressure between the membrane film 2 and the base body 3, particularly in the area of the weld seam.
  • the knurled screws 15 are each provided with a coil spring 16 arranged around the screw shaft.
  • the resilient pressure of the pressure glass 12 designed as a mirror mask ensures that the boundary layers of the membrane film 2 and the base body 3 plasticized by the infrared radiation flow into one another in the welding plane.
  • the uniform surface pressure between the membrane film 2 and the base body 3 is also essential for a good welding result.
  • the quality of the weld depends to a large extent on the even distribution of the welding pressure over the entire weld.
  • the ribs 111 are arranged in the receiving device 11 to support the weld seam. In the middle of the rubber frame 13 and the pressure frame 14, a rectangular opening 131 and 141 is embedded.
  • the dimensions of the openings 131, 141 result on the one hand from the cross-sectional area of the shaft 110 of the receiving device 11 and on the other hand from the radiation characteristic of the welding lamp 4.
  • the welding lamp 4 draws the electrical power from a voltage source 5, in which by applying a voltage U the
  • Welding lamp 4 a current I is forced.
  • a halogen infrared reflector emitter is used as the welding lamp 4, which generates a radiation flux ⁇ proportional to the current I.
  • the radiator consists of a halogen incandescent lamp 41 and an infrared ellipsoid reflector 40.
  • the halogen incandescent lamp 41 is surrounded by the infrared ellipsoid reflector 40 and is fastened together with the latter to a lamp holder 42.
  • the radiation characteristic of the welding lamp 4 results from two focal points f1, f2 of the infrared ellipsoid reflector 40.
  • a lamp filament 410 of the halogen incandescent lamp 41 is arranged in the first focal point f1, while the second focal point f2 lies in the working point of the infrared welding device.
  • the position of this working point can be changed by moving the welding lamp 4 in the z direction.
  • the distance z1 between the lower edge of the semicircular infrared ellipsoid reflector 40 and the top surface of the pressure glass 12 designed as a mirror mask, also referred to below as the welding distance, is defined as a reference variable for determining the respective working point.
  • the welding distance zl should be chosen taking into account the refractive properties of the pressure glass 12 designed as a mirror mask so that the focal plane with the
  • Welding level coincides.
  • the maximum achievable radiation flux density at the operating point is approximately 140 W / cm 2 . Since a constant welding temperature is only present in the immediate vicinity of the focal point or working point, this results in limiting criteria for the width of a weld seam for uniform heating of the welding area.
  • the welding lamp 4 without additional optics is used, only contour welding for contour widths smaller than 6 mm is possible. A contour is welded by a relative movement between the focal point f2 and the thermoplastic workpieces 2, 3 clamped in the pressure device 1 and to be welded together along the contour defined by the reflection layer 122 on the pressure glass 12.
  • This relative movement is realized by moving the pressure device 1 with a predetermined welding speed in the x and y directions. If, however, the welding lamp 4 provides a constant radiation flux density directly or indirectly over the entire welding area, the relative movement between the pressure device 1 and the welding lamp 4 is superfluous.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in relation to FIG. 3, the course of the radiation emitted by the welding lamp 4 through the pressure glass 12, which is at a welding distance z1 from the welding lamp 4, up to the focus on a welding surface A in the welding plane between the membrane film 2 and the bottle body 3.
  • This takes into account the influence of refraction between the medium air and the support part 121 of the pressure glass 12 and the influence of refraction due to the adhesive layer between the support part 121 and the fitting part 120.
  • FIG. 4 also shows in connection with FIGS. 5 and 6 the problem that arises if, when applying the reflection layer 122 to the support part 121 and the fitting part 120, sufficient coverage of the ink chambers 30 in the area of the welding surface A is dispensed with. If, for example, the reflection layer 122 becomes too thick in this area In short, there is a risk that the membrane film 2 will fuse with the inner tub rim of the ink chamber 30. The result of this is that either the effective ink space is reduced or the membrane film 2 burns.
  • FIG. 5 shows a reflection layer 122 that is correctly structured on the fitting part 120 of the pressure glass 12, without the membrane film 2 being fused to the inner tub edge of the ink chamber 30 of the base body 3.
  • FIG. 7 shows an ink container with three ink chambers 30 for different ink colors, produced from the membrane film 2 and the base body 3 with the infrared welding device described.
  • FIG. 8 shows an ink container with an ink chamber 30 made from the membrane film 2 and the base body 3 using the infrared welding device described.
  • the following welding parameters are summarized in a table for contour welding, in which the pressure device 1 is moved relative to the welding lamp 4: ink container type 1-color container 3-color containers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
PCT/EP1989/000706 1988-09-29 1989-06-23 Verfahren und anordnung zum verschweissen von thermoplastischen werkstoffen mittels wärmestrahlung WO1990003261A1 (de)

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US5444814A (en) * 1993-11-01 1995-08-22 Hofius, Sr.; David V. Method of infrared welding on thermoplastic parts utilizing contoured energy reflecting shields
EP0831997A4 (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-09-30 Edison Welding Inst JOINING PROCEDURE
KR101003275B1 (ko) 2002-12-27 2010-12-21 엘피케이에프 레이저 앤드 일렉트로닉스 악티엔게젤샤프트 열가소성 성형 물품의 용접방법 및 장치

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DE19748209A1 (de) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-06 Thomas Schuerhoff Verfahren zum Schmelzverbinden von Kunststoffteilen
US6054072A (en) * 1998-12-29 2000-04-25 Ford Motor Company Infrared bonding of transparent plastics articles
DE10012760B4 (de) * 2000-03-16 2012-02-02 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zur Montage des Scheinwerfers eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE10106734A1 (de) * 2001-02-14 2002-09-05 Mahle Filtersysteme Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbindung zwischen einem fluidundurchlässigen Kunststoff-und einem fluiddurchlässigen Filtermaterial
GB0327773D0 (en) * 2003-11-29 2003-12-31 Barkston Plastics Engineering Welding of plastics materials
US20050186377A1 (en) * 2004-02-19 2005-08-25 Hurst William S. Solventless plastic bonding of medical devices and container components through infrared heating
DE102005000002B4 (de) * 2005-01-13 2016-06-09 Lpkf Laser & Electronics Ag Verfahren zur Detektion von thermischer Schädigung beim Laserdurchstrahlschweißen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
DE102008036467A1 (de) * 2008-08-05 2010-02-11 Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundteils durch Durchstrahllaserschweißen
DE102016209950A1 (de) 2016-06-07 2017-12-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbinden zweier Bauteile
DE102016224734A1 (de) 2016-12-12 2018-06-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbinden zweier Bauteile

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KR101003275B1 (ko) 2002-12-27 2010-12-21 엘피케이에프 레이저 앤드 일렉트로닉스 악티엔게젤샤프트 열가소성 성형 물품의 용접방법 및 장치

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