Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
  • B22D11/008—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of clad ingots, i.e. the molten metal being cast against a continuous strip forming part of the cast product
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
  • C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
  • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
  • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
  • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
  • F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
  • F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
  • F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
  • F16C2223/32—Coating surfaces by attaching pre-existing layers, e.g. resin sheets or foils by adhesion to a substrate; Laminating

Definitions

• Metallic layered composite materials such as those used for composite bearings, are produced by different processes depending on the material combination and the geometrical dimensions. These are, for example, pouring-on processes, such as according to the published German patent application Seh 11 908 VI / 31c, sintering, electrolysis or ionization processes, which can also be used in combination with one another. These methods are complex and can only be used with certain material combinations.
• pouring-on processes such as according to the published German patent application Seh 11 908 VI / 31c
• sintering electrolysis or ionization processes
• electrolysis or ionization processes which can also be used in combination with one another.
• These methods are complex and can only be used with certain material combinations.
• roll-cladding such as one described in DE-AS 12 03 086.
• the object on which the invention is based was therefore to produce metallic layer composite materials by a new process which eliminates the disadvantages of known processes and improves the structure of the product.
• the melting of the metal component emerging from the slot nozzle onto the metal tracks is to be improved, but at the same time the desired structural change is to be obtained by rolling.
• the process according to the invention for the production of metallic layered composite materials in which at least one solid sheet-like metal component is combined with a second metal component which emerges in a molten form from a slot nozzle in front of the roll gap of a pair of cooling rolls and the combined metal components are passed through the roll gap, is characterized in that the web-shaped metal components are first kept thermally insulated from the adjacent cooling roller in an area in contact with the molten second metal component emerging from the slot nozzle, and the second metal component is thus at least in part of this area at the contact surface with the web-shaped metal component holds molten, but then cools by heat dissipation with the help of the adjacent cooling roll in such a way that the second metal component as a whole has its soliduste perature before entering the roll gap has passed, and reduced the thickness of the combined metal components when passing through the roll gap.
• This method has the advantage that the melt of the second metal component emerging from the slot nozzle is not cooled or not cooled as long as is necessary for sufficient melting to the surfaces of the sheet-shaped metal components, which is in the heat-iced area between the outlet of the slot nozzle and the roll gap he follows. After leaving this heat-insulated area, the sheet-like metal components with the melted-on second metal component come into thermal contact with the adjacent cooling roll, as a result of which the second metal component solidifies rapidly, so that it is completely solidified before the combined metal components emerge from the roll gap , wherein its temperature is above its recrystallization temperature, if necessary, in order to achieve the desired structure.
• the sheet-like metal components prefferably be kept thermally insulated in a region which is variable with respect to the length in the direction from the slot nozzle to the roll gap, i.e. can change the length of the heat-insulated area in the direction between the slot nozzle and the roll gap. In this way you can adapt the process to different materials and achieve different structures. If two solid sheet-like metal components are fed to the process on both sides of the second metal component emerging moltenly from the slot nozzle, it is possible to obtain different structures on both sides of the second metal component by means of independently variable adjustment of the area which is kept thermally insulated, above and below it is desired for certain properties of the layered composite material.
• the sheet-shaped metal components are heated before entering between the slot nozzle and the adjacent cooling roller in order to further improve the melting of the second metal component.
• the warming Mung can be done for example by radiant heaters, induction heating or the like.
• the method according to the invention overcomes the disadvantages of known methods described at the outset and reduces the number of work steps, since a layered composite material is obtained which has at least approximately the desired final dimensions.
• at most one surface, namely that of the sheet-like metal component must be pretreated and freed from disruptive influences. In certain cases, such pretreatment is generally unnecessary.
• the method according to the invention also improves the microstructure formation by reducing the forming and annealing processes, since subsequent annealing processes are generally superfluous, and allows the cooling conditions to be optimized. Finally, in the method according to the invention, the reject is greatly reduced, since, in contrast to the roll cladding method, there are generally no edge cracks and, as a result, the useful width of the layered composite material is not or is only slightly restricted.
• a single solid sheet-like metal component can be used and combined with the second metal component.
• Layered composite materials of this type are used particularly advantageously for the subsequent combination with support bodies for composite bearings, i.e. to form the bearing material and the metallic interlayer in composite bearings.
• two solid sheet-shaped metal components which can be the same or different in their metallic composition, can also be used in the present process, the molten metal component being introduced between these two metal sheets and being combined with both at the same time. In this case, a sandwich composite of sandwich-like construction is obtained.
• the feed is expediently such that the metal webs enter the roll gap essentially horizontally and the second molten metal component nente also emerges essentially horizontally from the slot nozzle.
• one metal web is expediently fed from above and one from below to the slot nozzle.
• a metal component in contrast to roll plating, is supplied in molten form. This emerges from a slot nozzle extending over the width of at least one sheet-shaped metal component and is combined with the solid sheet-shaped metal components essentially immediately behind the slot nozzle and before it emerges from the roll gap.
• the materials are preferably selected so that the sheet-like metal components melt on their surfaces when they come into contact with the second molten metal component, while immediately afterwards by means of heat dissipation with the aid of the cooling rollers, the melted-on area and usually also the adjacent area of the molten metal component - Solidify again to form a homogeneous connection zone with the second metal component.
• the slot nozzle Since the sheet-like solid metal components must be passed through the roll gap in addition to the second metal component emerging from the slot die, i.e. between the slot nozzle and one of the heat-insulating bodies or one of the rollers of the pair of rollers, the slot nozzle must be sealed along one of its mouth sides along the slot length against one of the two rollers of the pair of rollers or against one of the fixed metal tracks, while the other Mouth side along the length of the slot must be sealed against the metal web passed between it and the other roller of the pair of rollers.
• Sealing is generally not problematic and can, for example, take place automatically through a solidified portion of the second metal component that has penetrated into the gap to be sealed.
• the size of the roll gap exit which is designated h in the drawing, is expediently set in the process according to the invention in such a way that the layered composite material leaving the roll gap has approximately the desired final thickness after cooling.
• dynamic recrystallization can take place, producing the desired structure.
• the second component it is necessary for the second component to be completely solidified when it enters the roll gap, ie to have fallen below its solidus temperature and to undergo the necessary shaping.
• the heat originating from the melting process is used, so that an additional heating process, such as is required for roll cladding according to DE-AS 1203086, becomes superfluous.
• the width of the slot nozzle, the size of the roll gap, the diameter of the rolls and the resulting distance of the slot nozzle from the roll gap depends in the method according to the invention on the materials to be used for the layered composite material and the desired final thickness of the layered composite material. Expediently, however, the slot nozzle and the roll gap are set so that the Stichab ⁇ ah e
• a particularly favorable combination of the two metal components is obtained, producing a layered composite material close to the final dimensions.
• the surface of the solid sheet-like metal components which is combined with the second metal component may be supplied with such influences before being fed to the point which forms the seal between the slot nozzle and the first sheet-like metal component free that would interfere with the union of the two metal components.
• Such influences include scale, oxide layers, grease and other contaminants, which are removed by descaling, removal of oxide layers, degreasing (washing or cleaning).
• the device according to the invention for producing metallic layered composite materials with a pair of cooling rolls forming a nip, with a container for molten metal arranged in front of the nip with a slot nozzle directed towards the nip and with devices for introducing at least one metal web between the slot nozzle and at least one of the Cooling rolls and the subsequent guiding of this metal web through the roll nip is characterized in that the devices for guiding the metal web bring it into cooling contact with the adjacent cooling roll in a partial region of the distance between the outlet of the slot die and the outlet of the roll nip up to the latter , while a heat-insulating body is arranged in the remaining part of this section adjoining the slot nozzle between the metal web and the adjacent cooling roll.
• the slot nozzle is expediently directed onto the roll gap in such a way that the outlet of the slot nozzle runs essentially horizontally and the molten second metal component is guided substantially horizontally further in the direction of the roll gap and in this.
• the heat-insulating body can have different shapes. However, it expediently has the shape of a crescent-shaped guide element.
• the material of the heat-insulating body with poor thermal conductivity depends on the materials to be processed in each case and other process conditions. It is expedient if the heat-insulating body has a surface on which the metal web running on it is sufficient Has gliding or rolling elements. If necessary, the heat-insulating material can be provided with a surface which improves the slidability of the metal sheet.
• the heat-insulating body can be pivoted or displaced in such a way that the length of the heat-insulating region between the slot nozzle and the roll gap is variable.
• the heat-insulating body can also be fixed and the slot nozzle can be moved back and forth in the direction of the roll gap. The latter is particularly expedient if two metal tracks are to be fed to the device above and below the slot nozzle.
• a heating device for heating the metal web is preferably arranged between the slot nozzle and the adjacent heat-insulating body before the metal web enters.
• This heating device can be, for example, a heat radiator, an induction heater or the like.
• each of the two cooling rollers is assigned a heat-insulating body and that these two heat-insulating bodies can be pivoted or displaced independently of one another. so that you can separately change the length and length of the upper and lower heat insulation areas between the slot nozzle and the roll gap, so that layered composite materials with different structures can be obtained on both sides of the second metal component.
• FIG. 1 shows in schematic form an installation for carrying out the method in one embodiment of the invention, partly in section,
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged representation of the roll gap area in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention explained in FIG. 1,
• Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the roll gap area corresponding to Figure 2 for a second embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the roll gap area corresponding to Figures 2 and 3, but for yet another embodiment of the invention.
• the plant shown in Figure 1 of the drawings for performing the method according to the invention has a pair of rollers 5 with an upper roller 5a and a lower roller 5b.
• the melt 2 of the second metal component is located in a holding furnace 1.
• the holding furnace 1, the trough 3 and the slot nozzle 4 are shown in vertical section.
• the trough 3 still contains the second metal component in the molten state 2a, while the same component is already in the solid state 2b when it passes through the roll gap.
• the web-shaped metal component in the form of a strip 6 is passed in the direction of the arrow 12 between the roller 5b and the slot nozzle 4 and then through the roll gap.
• the contact surface 9 of the belt 6 is freed from interfering influences, such as degreased, descaled or freed from oxide layers.
• a heat-insulating body 13 in the form of a blade is arranged between the belt 6 and the roller 5b, the tip of which body extends into the area between the outlet of the slot nozzle 4 u ⁇ d the roll gap is enough.
• a heating device 14 is provided opposite the heat-insulating body 13 on the other side of the belt 6.
• the metallic layered composite material leaving the process at the end is designated 11 in the drawing.
• FIG. 2 corresponds to that of FIG. 1, in which only one metal sheet 6 is fed to the device, and therefore only one heat-insulating body 13 and one heating device 14 are provided.
• the shovel-shaped heat-insulating body 13 is solid in this case, i.e. arranged immovable and unmovable.
• the thicknesses of the layer composite material on the one hand at the point where the solidus temperature of the second metal component (h) falls below and on the other hand at the exit from the roll gap S (h,) are given in FIG.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs from that according to FIG. 2 in that a sandwich structure of the layered composite material is obtained, since two metal tracks 6 and 6 'are fed in, so that in this case two heat-insulating bodies 13 and 13' and two heating devices 14 and 14 'are provided.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 4 differs from that according to FIG. 2 in that the heat-insulating body 13 is designed to be pivotable, which is indicated by several positions at 13c. Due to the pivotability, the heat-insulating body 13 with the extension 13b can be immersed to different extents in the area between the outlet of the slot nozzle and the roll gap, so that the heat-insulating zone 13a can be varied in this area.
• the bandwidth of the pure aluminum strip 6 is 300 mm, the width of the slot nozzle is also 300 mm, the roller diameter is approximately 500 mm, the thickness h 9.4 mm and the thickness h, 8 mm.
• a layered composite material is produced in a continuous process, which is suitable as a bearing material with a metallic intermediate layer for combination with the support body for composite bearings.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Continuous Casting (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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ID=6361904

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Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1988
  • 1988-08-31 DE DE3829423A patent/DE3829423C1/de not_active Expired
• 1989
  • 1989-04-13 EP EP89904515A patent/EP0383845A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1989-04-13 JP JP1504057A patent/JPH03500988A/ja active Pending
  • 1989-04-13 BR BR898907057A patent/BR8907057A/pt unknown
  • 1989-04-13 WO PCT/DE1989/000221 patent/WO1990002008A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (4)

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