WO1989010957A1 - Produit a lessive sous forme de corps moules fusibles - Google Patents

Produit a lessive sous forme de corps moules fusibles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989010957A1
WO1989010957A1 PCT/EP1989/000445 EP8900445W WO8910957A1 WO 1989010957 A1 WO1989010957 A1 WO 1989010957A1 EP 8900445 W EP8900445 W EP 8900445W WO 8910957 A1 WO8910957 A1 WO 8910957A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
composition according
sodium
content
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1989/000445
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Schulz
Uwe Trabitzsch
Franz-Joseph Carduck
Original Assignee
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien filed Critical Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
Publication of WO1989010957A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989010957A1/fr
Priority to DK221390A priority Critical patent/DK221390A/da

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/02—Devices for adding soap or other washing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/08—Silicates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a detergent which is intended in particular for use in commercial laundries. These laundries usually use softened water, which is why the content of builder salts that bind lime hardness is comparatively low compared to a household detergent, while the content of strongly alkaline builder salts, in particular metasilicates, is usually much higher. Because of the high alkalinity, powdery agents require special precautionary measures when handling them and because of the tendency to clump together when exposed to moisture. Although it is known that such agents can also be stored and metered as liquid concentrates, so-called stock lyes, the technical systems required for this are not suitable for every location because of their increased complexity and space requirements.
  • the object was therefore to offer such an agent in a conveniently manageable, easily and losslessly dosed form.
  • the tablet, piece or block form is a suitable form.
  • the agents be dissolved quickly and completely in the washing-in device of the washing machines in order to enable short work cycles.
  • pieces of this type in contrast to powder compacts, pieces of this type must be sufficiently stable against mechanical stress and so compact that layer-by-layer, uniform dissolution without disintegration of the shaped body enables them becomes . Disintegrating powder compacts often cause hard deposits in the dispenser boxes.
  • the object of the invention is a detergent in the form of meltable molded articles, containing (calculated as an anhydrous substance):
  • the preferred amount is 40 to 60% by weight and in particular U5 to 55% by weight.
  • Component (B) consists of at least one polyanionic builder salt from the class of the polyphosphates, nitrilotriacetic acid, zeolite, polyphosphonic acids and (co- polymeric carboxylic acids in the form of the sodium salts.
  • Their total amount is 4 to 25% by weight .-% preferably 5 to 20 wt .-% and in particular 7 to 15 wt .-%.
  • polyphosphate sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP), which can be present in proportions of 0 to 10% by weight, preferably 0 to 5% by weight.
  • TPP sodium tripolyphosphate
  • component (B) expediently consists of nitrilotriacetate (NTA) or zeolite or NTA-zeolite mixtures or of zeolite in a mixture with (co) polymeric carboxylic acids which act as so-called co-builders and threshold active ingredients .
  • NTA nitrilotriacetate
  • zeolite zeolite or NTA-zeolite mixtures or of zeolite in a mixture with (co) polymeric carboxylic acids which act as so-called co-builders and threshold active ingredients .
  • polyphosphonates also have these properties.
  • NTA as a phosphate substitute can be used in amounts of 0 to 7, preferably 0 to 6 and in particular 0 to 5% by weight. These amounts refer to anhydrous trisodium salt.
  • Preferred phosphate substitutes are finely crystalline, synthetic, water-containing zeolites of the NaA type, which have a calcium binding capacity in the range from 100 to 200 mg CaO / g (according to the information in DE 22 24 837). Their particle size is usually in the range from 1 to 10 ⁇ m. The content of these zeolites is 0 to 15, preferably 0 to 10,% by weight. Agents without phosphate or without NTA advantageously contain 5 to 10% by weight of zeolite.
  • the zeolite is preferably used together with polyanionic co-builders. These include compounds from the class of polyphosphonic acids and homo- or copolymeric polycarboxylic acids, derived from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid , and olefinic unsaturated, copolymerizable compounds.
  • Suitable phosphonic acids or phosphonic acid salts 1-hydroxyethane-1, 1-diphosphonate, ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP) and diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonate, mostly in the form of their sodium salts and their mixtures.
  • the amounts are usually up to 2.0% by weight. %, based on the mean, preferably 0.2 to 1% by weight, based on the sodium salt. In the case of the diphosphonate, this amount relates to the tri- sodium salt, in the case of the tetraphosphonate on the hexasodium salt.
  • co-builders are homopolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, copolymers of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or maleic acid with vinyl ethers, such as vinyl methyl ether or vinyl ethyl ether, and also with vinyl esters, such as vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate , Acrylamide, methacrylamide and with ethylene, propylene or styrene.
  • the proportion thereof, in the interest of sufficient water solubility is not more than 70 mole percent, preferably less than 60 mole percent.
  • Copolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid as are characterized, for example, in EP 25 551 -B 1, have proven particularly suitable. These are copolymers which contain 40 to 90 percent by weight of acrylic acid. Copolymers in which 50 to 85% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 15% by weight of maleic acid are present are particularly preferred.
  • the (co) polymeric carboxylic acids mentioned can also be used without the use of zeolites.
  • their proportion can be up to 7% by weight, preferably up to 6% by weight, based on neutral reacting, ie. H. sodium salt having a pH of 7 to 8 in aqueous solution.
  • neutral reacting ie. H. sodium salt having a pH of 7 to 8 in aqueous solution.
  • zeolite-containing products their proportion can be reduced, for example to proportions up to 6%, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight and in particular 1 to 4% by weight.
  • nonionic surfactants additive products of 2 to 20, preferably 3 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) with 1 mole of a compound having essentially 10 to 20 carbon atoms from the group of alcohols can be used as nonionic surfactants (component C).
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants are derived from primary alcohols, such as. B. on coconut or tallow fatty alcohols, oleyl alcohol, oxoate alcohols, or on secondary alcohols with 8 to 18, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Component C1 includes those with 6 to 15 EO and an HLB value of more than 11, component C2 includes those with 2 to 6 EO and an HLB value of 11 or less.
  • the ratio of Cl to C2 can be 2: 1 to 1: 4, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 3.
  • the nonionic surfactants can also have propylene glycol ether groups (PO). These can be arranged at the end or distributed statistically with the EO groups.
  • Preferred compounds of this class are those of the type R- (PO) - (EO), in which R represents the hydrophobic radical, x numbers from 0, 5 to 3 and y numbers from 3 to 20.
  • Ethoxylates of alkylphenols, 1, 2-diols, fatty acids and fatty acid amides as well as block polymers of polypropylene glycol and polyethylene glycol or. alkoxylated alkylenediamines (type Pluronics and Tetronics) into consideration.
  • the above-described nonionic surfactants of the EO type can be partially replaced by alkyl polyglycosides.
  • Suitable alkyl polyglycosides have, for example, a C g , ..- alkyl radical and an oligomeric glycoside radical with 1.5 to 6 glucose groups.
  • Alkyl glycoside-type surfactants are preferably combined with nonionic ethoxylate surfactants, for example in a ratio of 5: 1 to 1: 5.
  • the content of the agents in nonionic surfactants or. nonionic surfactant mixtures is 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 15 to 25% by weight and in particular 18 to 22% by weight. -%. ,
  • the agents can optionally also contain anionic surfactants, which are referred to as component E.
  • anionic surfactants which are referred to as component E.
  • Surfaces and surfactants of the sulfonate or sulfate type are suitable. Proportions of up to 5% by weight, in some cases up to 10% by weight, of anionic surfactants increase the washing performance, but usually lead to an undesired foam activity. This foam activity can be reduced by adding suitable foam inhibitors.
  • Organopolysilixanes in particular polydimethylsiloxanes and their mixtures with silicic acid or silanized silicic acid, hydrocarbon oils and waxes, microcrystalline waxes and bis-acylalkylenediamines derived from C__ fi alkylenediamines with long-chain acyl radicals containing 14 to 22 C atoms are suitable ( Fatty acid residues).
  • Mixtures of such foam inhibitors are also advantageously used.
  • the amount of such foam inhibitors in the agents depends on the amount and the foam activity of the synthetic anionic surfactants and is up to 5% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight, based on the anionic surfactant.
  • Suitable soaps are derived from natural or synthetic, saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids with 12 to 22 carbon atoms. Are particularly suitable from natural fatty acids, eg. B. Beef mixtures derived from coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids. Soap i g fatty acid soaps and 0 to 50% of oleic acid are put together - preferably those which 50 to 100% of saturated C ge j. Their proportion can be up to 10% by weight, preferably up to 4% by weight, based on sodium soaps.
  • Usable surfactants of the sulfonate type are linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) and olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxylalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, of the kind obtained, for example, from C, 1 _— 1 n o o monooiefins with end or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline hydrolysis of the sulfonation products.
  • Alkanesulfonates made from C,, 1 0 -alkanes by sulfochlorination or sulfooxidation and
  • I / - I 0 subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization are available, as well as alphasulfonated hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids and their methyl or ethyl esters and mixtures thereof.
  • surfactants containing sulfonate groups preferred are the alkylbenzenesulfonates, alpha-sulfofatty acid ester salts and the alpha-sulfofatty acid ester disalts. They are in the form of their sodium salts. Their proportion can be up to 5% by weight, in some cases up to 8% by weight. It is preferably at most 2% by weight.
  • the compositions contain 2 to 15% by weight, preferably 2 to 10% by weight and in particular 3 to 8% by weight. -% of water-soluble, wax-like compounds from the class of polyethylene glycols with a molecular weight of at least 1100 and their alkyl ethers.
  • the molecular weight of the polyglycol ether is preferably from 1300 to 40,000 and, if it has no alkyl groups, in particular from 1500 to 20,000.
  • the alkyl chain can have 6 to 24 C atoms, preferably 10 to 18 C atoms.
  • alcohols or alcohol mixtures which have 25 to 100, preferably 30 to 50, ethylene glycol ether groups have proven particularly suitable.
  • Unsubstituted and alkyl-substituted polyethers can also be present in a mixture.
  • the agents can also contain compounds containing active oxygen, such as sodium perborate as tetrahydrate or monohydrate or sodium percarbonate. These can be present in proportions of up to 30% by weight, preferably 5 to 25% by weight.
  • the preferred oxygen carrier is sodium perborate monohydrate, the proportion of which can be up to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight.
  • Agents are extraordinarily stable in storage and, for example after 6 months of storage at 25 ° C., do not yet suffer any measurable loss of oxygen.
  • the detergents may also contain conventional detergent additives as further constituents, such as optical brighteners, graying inhibitors, disinfectant substances and colorants and fragrances.
  • Suitable graying inhibitors are carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-Saiz), methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and mixed ethers such as methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose and mixtures of the cellulose ethers mentioned.
  • the proportion of graying inhibitors is generally up to 3% by weight, usually 0.5 to 2% by weight.
  • the proportion of the other additives is generally less than 1% by weight, usually less than 0.5% by weight.
  • the moldings or blocks can be produced by melting the surfactants and the polyethers (components C and D) in heated kneading machines or pilier devices or by introducing them in the already molten state, after which the other components are in powdery or else adds granulated form and homogenizes the plastic mixture.
  • the grain size of the solid additives is not critical per se, which is why it is not necessary to grind these additives beforehand to a fine dust level. In the interest of easy homogenizability and a reduction in the need for plasticizers, it has proven to be expedient if the solids have no significant proportions with a grain size above 1.6 mm, in particular no proportions above 1.2 mm. Average grain sizes from 0.05 to 0.8 mm are therefore well suited.
  • the temperature of the melt can be 40 ° to 100 ° C. In the interest of reducing the viscosity of the mixtures, however, minimum temperatures of 60 ° C., advantageously those of 75 ° to 90 ° C. prefers.
  • the viscosity in this range should be 50,000 mPa. s not or at least not significantly exceed. If active oxygen-containing compounds are incorporated, the temperature should preferably not exceed 80 ° C. and the mixture should then be cooled as quickly as possible and solidified in order to avoid unnecessary loss of oxygen.
  • the homogenized melt can be pressed into strands while cooling, which can then be cut, as is customary in soap processing, and further deformed under pressure. However, they can also advantageously be poured into molds from which they can be easily ejected after cooling to temperatures below 40 ° C. This simple way of working benefits that in many cases the moldings are sufficiently dimensionally stable at this temperature.
  • the shape of the shaped body can be any, for. B. cylindrical, cuboid or also of rounded or. oval shape.
  • Pieces formed by solidification advantageously have the shape of a truncated cone, truncated pyramid or a cuboid with a reduced base area up to hemispherical shapes for easier removal from the casting mold.
  • the amount or size of the shaped body required for a washing process can be adjusted in a simple manner in this way.
  • the unit weight for a washing process in a commercial washing machine is of the order of 300 g.
  • larger pieces can also be deposited in the induction devices and the quantity or quantity to be solved. regulate the desired alkali concentration by determining the electrical conductivity. Since the pre-dosed shaped body does not tend to get stuck in the washing-up device with crust formation, several washing processes can be carried out 1 0
  • the type of flushing can also be carried out in various ways and can be adapted to the properties of the moldings or the existing washing technique.
  • the entire water supply is passed through the induction chamber and the washing liquor is then circulated through the chamber until the desired concentration is reached. This concentration can be determined and programmed using the electrical conductivity of the wash liquor.
  • a similar procedure can be followed if large moldings intended for multiple washing processes are used.
  • a partial flow can be branched off from the water inlet and passed through the induction chamber.
  • the rate of dissolution can then also be influenced via the temperature of the water supplied. Molded portions portioned for a wash cycle or product residues can be melted and flushed in in a very short time by supplying hot water from a mixer tap with steam supply. A conductivity check of the wash liquor concentration is not necessary.
  • a concept deviating from the dissolving chamber which offers a number of advantages, is a device which is placed on the induction chamber or integrated therein and mechanically comminutes the detergent block to form a free-flowing powder.
  • the grinder is e.g. B. electrically driven and supports the block in layers, e.g. B. by means of a rotating or vibrating grater.
  • the mechanical metering chamber advantageously has a capacity of a plurality of vertically stacked shaped bodies which pass through the size reduction area one after the other.
  • the detergent can be dosed via conductivity control in the wash liquor or more simply via the Switching duration of the grater can be controlled.
  • a water jet rinses the powder from the dispenser into the washing machine.
  • meltable formulation components C and D given in the tables were combined in a heatable kneader and melted at temperatures between 80 and 100 ° C.
  • the solid constituents, which had a particle size of 0.05 to 0.5 mm, were then added and the melt was homogenized. If sodium perborate was added, the melt was previously cooled to 80 ° C. After complete homogenization, the molten mass was poured into cylindrical molds and quickly cooled to room temperature. Analytical checks showed that no separation or settling of individual grain fractions had taken place in the casting mold during cooling.
  • PE 4,000 polyethylene glycol, MW 4,000

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Ledit produit à lessive, qui se présente sous forme de corps moulés fusibles, est constitué par le mélange suivant: (A) entre 35 et 65 pour cent en poids de métasilicate de sodium, (B) entre 4 et 25 pour cent en poids d'au moins un adjuvant polyanionique de la classe comprenant les polyphosphates, les zéolithes, les acides nitrilotriacétiques, les acides carboniques (co)polymères et les acides polyphosphoniques, toujours sous forme de sels de sodium, (C) entre 10 et 30 pour cent en poids d'un agent de surface non ionique, et (D) entre 2 et 15 pour cent en poids d'une combinaison céroïde soluble dans l'eau de la classe des polyéthylèneglycols avec un poids moléculaire d'au moins 1100 et de leurs alkyléthers. Pour pouvoir être utilisés dans les machines à laver automatiques, lesdits corps moulés sont conditionnés individuellement dans un récipient de stockage et pulvérisés au moyen d'un dispositif mécanique à cycle automatique selon la quantité requise pour le cycle de lavage en cours.
PCT/EP1989/000445 1988-05-02 1989-04-24 Produit a lessive sous forme de corps moules fusibles WO1989010957A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK221390A DK221390A (da) 1988-05-02 1990-09-14 Vaskemiddel i form af smeltelige formlegemer

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3814857.9 1988-05-02
DE3814857A DE3814857A1 (de) 1988-05-02 1988-05-02 Waschmittel in form schmelzbarer formkoerper

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989010957A1 true WO1989010957A1 (fr) 1989-11-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1989/000445 WO1989010957A1 (fr) 1988-05-02 1989-04-24 Produit a lessive sous forme de corps moules fusibles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0415968A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3814857A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK221390A (fr)
ES (1) ES2041367T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989010957A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1617093A1 (de) * 1963-11-26 1971-02-25 Fmc Corp Verfahren zur Herstellung von Detergentientabletten
EP0266200A2 (fr) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-04 Unilever Plc Composition détergente

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1617093A1 (de) * 1963-11-26 1971-02-25 Fmc Corp Verfahren zur Herstellung von Detergentientabletten
EP0266200A2 (fr) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-04 Unilever Plc Composition détergente

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK221390D0 (da) 1990-09-14
DE3814857A1 (de) 1989-11-16
DE58904859D1 (de) 1993-08-12
EP0415968A1 (fr) 1991-03-13
ES2041367T3 (es) 1993-11-16
DK221390A (da) 1990-09-14

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