WO1989010231A1 - Process for joining workpieces made of fusible material using a laser beam - Google Patents

Process for joining workpieces made of fusible material using a laser beam Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1989010231A1
WO1989010231A1 PCT/DE1989/000247 DE8900247W WO8910231A1 WO 1989010231 A1 WO1989010231 A1 WO 1989010231A1 DE 8900247 W DE8900247 W DE 8900247W WO 8910231 A1 WO8910231 A1 WO 8910231A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpieces
laser radiation
energy
joining
joint
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1989/000247
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Reinhart Poprawe
Rolf Klein
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewand
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewand filed Critical Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewand
Publication of WO1989010231A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989010231A1/de

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91216—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods enabling contactless temperature measurements, e.g. using a pyrometer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
    • B23K26/0838—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt
    • B23K26/0846—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt for moving elongated workpieces longitudinally, e.g. wire or strip material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1632—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B29C65/1641—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding making use of a reflector on the opposite side, e.g. a polished mandrel or a mirror
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1658—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning once, e.g. contour laser welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1226—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B29C66/12261—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment the two joint-segments being bevelled, e.g. the two joint-segments forming a V
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12443—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue having the tongue substantially in the middle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12463—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered
    • B29C66/12464—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered being V-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1248—Interpenetrating groove joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B29C66/12821—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment comprising at least two overlap joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B29C66/12841—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/133—Fin-type joints, the parts to be joined being flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/14—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections the joint having the same thickness as the thickness of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849—Packaging machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/36—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
    • B29C53/38—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges
    • B29C53/48—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges for articles of indefinite length, i.e. bending a strip progressively
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81268—Reflective to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2711/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2711/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B29K2711/123—Coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7128—Bags, sacks, sachets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for joining workpieces made of fusible material with laser radiation, which is directed at a joint of the workpieces, in particular made of thermoplastic plastic, and is applied with an energy density, which fuses and flows into one another in the region of the joint by energy absorption causes.
  • Metallic workpieces are welded using laser radiation by melting the workpiece surface in the area of the joint.
  • the energy coupled into the workpiece for melting is transported to greater depths by thermal conduction.
  • thermal conduction In the case of workpieces with low heat conduction, for example made of ceramic or plastic, there is a risk of melting the workpiece surface Damage to the material due to overheating and the heat conduction is low, so that conventional welding with laser radiation leads to unsatisfactory results.
  • seal welding for e.g. Thermoplastic plastics are seal welding, hot gas welding, vibration welding and ultrasonic welding.
  • seal welding and hot gas welding the material is melted via heat conduction after the necessary energy has been coupled in via the workpiece surface.
  • the processing speed is limited by the low thermal conductivity of the material.
  • Seal welding, vibration welding and ultrasonic welding are tool-dependent joining processes, because the energy required to weld the workpieces must be transferred by tools that are specially manufactured for the joining and workpiece geometry. These procedures are therefore not very adaptable.
  • thermoplastic foils From DE-OS 25 44 371 a method for welding thermoplastic foils is known, in which laser light is radiated into superimposed foil layers and thereby partially absorbed. Part of the laser energy radiated through the film hits a base part, which reflects the energy back. When it hits this base part, it is heated, so that it must be designed to withstand the thermal stress.
  • the retroreflection of energy by a heated backing part is obviously disadvantageous because the heating of the backing part loses energy and because the process speed has to be reduced considerably because of the required heating of the backing part.
  • the invention is based on the object to improve a method of the type mentioned at the outset so that the entire radiation energy provided is available for melting material in the area of the joint.
  • This object is achieved in that the workpiece irradiation in the sense of complete energy absorption is carried out exclusively by the material volume of the workpieces.
  • the entire energy of the laser radiation is made available for melting within the material of the workpieces.
  • energy loss can be virtually completely ruled out, so that it is possible to work with lasers of low power which are correspondingly inexpensive, or so that a higher processing speed is made possible.
  • the elimination of heat conduction processes when coupling the laser energy into the workpieces also fundamentally enables the processing speed to be increased.
  • additives are fillers, dyes, plasticizers, etc. They are selected with a view to the fact that laser radiation of a certain wavelength is more or less absorbed.
  • the addition of the additive can be carried out in such a way that the penetration depth of the laser radiation into the material is also influenced, as a result of which the melting depth can be influenced. It is therefore possible, for example, to provide a film on one side with a layer in which the laser radiation is completely absorbed, so that, accordingly, only this layer melts. To melt the entire layer, the layer thickness must correspond to the laser energy supplied per unit of time be coordinated.
  • One possibility for such a coordination is to influence the energy absorption in the material by selecting the wavelength of the laser radiation.
  • other methods known per se can also be used, for example influencing the energy absorption in the material by changing the processing speed.
  • the regulation advantageously takes place in Dependence on the continuously measured melt temperature.
  • a non-contact temperature measurement is used in the area of the joining zone, e.g. with a thermopile or with a pyrometer. The control is carried out according to the measurement result in such a way that the decomposition temperature of the material is not reached or exceeded.
  • an energy-reflecting part is used behind the energy-absorbing material volume in the direction of irradiation, and at least one part reflecting the laser radiation is used.
  • a reflection of the laser radiation means that the part causing the reflection itself does not absorb any energy, apart from immaterial parts which are insignificant for the energy balance.
  • the reflected laser radiation can then be completely absorbed in the material. If the reflected radiation is too high in energy to be absorbed in the reflection region of the material, a further part reflecting the laser radiation can be used if the beam guidance required for this second reflection or for further reflections is determined in a suitable manner.
  • the method is not restricted to the part reflecting the laser radiation being behind the part to be joined Workpieces is arranged. It is also advantageously designed such that a part reflecting laser radiation is used in the interior of at least one workpiece or between the two workpieces. This makes it possible to determine the penetration depth of the laser radiation, in particular in the case of thick workpieces, for example in the case of foils, plates or semi-finished products. Such a method is used, for example, in cavity welding, where it is important that the wall surface facing away from the laser beam is not melted.
  • the method is carried out so that the laser radiation at a beam of the energy-absorbing material volume is irradiated onto an area that limits the energy-absorbing material volume at an angle below the total reflection angle.
  • the surface of the work pot volume which is absorbable can be formed by a previously mentioned part which reflects laser radiation.
  • total reflection is also possible at other interfaces, for example at the interface of the workpiece with the air. If suitable interfaces are present as a result of the corresponding design of the arrangement serving the method, the total reflection means that the laser radiation can no longer leave the material or the workpiece and the radiation energy is consequently completely absorbed by the volume of the material.
  • the laser radiation is irradiated perpendicular or parallel to the joining plane of the work pieces in their energy absorbing material volume.
  • the most favorable direction of irradiation is determined by the given joining geometry, as well as by the desired goal.
  • the same purpose of better melt mixing is served by a method in which laser radiation is used in a cross-section which leads to preheating regions of the workpieces fed to the joining zone with mutual approximation.
  • a further possibility for promoting the connection strength of workpieces is that the workpieces are used with mutual connections which promote the mutual mixing of the melted material.
  • Such a design of the workpieces with connection interventions is particularly suitable for thicker workpieces, such as plates or semi-finished products.
  • the specially designed joining surfaces of the workpieces to be connected do not need to be carried out precisely, since any tolerances or distances between the workpieces disappear when the material is melted.
  • the shape of the workpieces therefore means no great manufacturing effort.
  • Composite foils are advantageously used as workpieces which have at least one thermoplastic have as a joining layer and / or have a composite layer reflecting a laser radiation.
  • a thermoplastic layer as a joining layer.
  • Such a composite film can therefore have a layer which is suitable but not weldable for a specific application and which is provided with a layer which is not suitable for the specific application but serves for joining.
  • the composite film can instead or at the same time have a composite layer which reflects the laser radiation in order to ensure that the entire radiation energy is used to melt the layer serving for joining.
  • Such a radiation-reflecting layer is either an insert layer covered on both sides, or it is open on one side, wherein the radiation-reflecting composite layer can also serve as a layer with a further special purpose, for example thermal shielding or hygienic storage of food.
  • the invention also relates to a device for joining workpieces made of meltable material with laser radiation, in particular for thermoplastic plastic films or the like, which is aimed at a joint of the workpieces and has an energy density which allows material to melt and flow into one another Joining caused by energy absorption.
  • a device for joining workpieces made of meltable material with laser radiation in particular for thermoplastic plastic films or the like, which is aimed at a joint of the workpieces and has an energy density which allows material to melt and flow into one another Joining caused by energy absorption.
  • the Guides are reflective of laser radiation.
  • the workpieces can be brought into a shape that is useful for joining, and at the same time the guide bodies are designed in such a way that energy losses cannot occur because the laser radiation is reflected by them in the joint gap or in the flexible workpieces to be connected to one another, where it serves to melt the material.
  • it has polished guide surfaces for processing thermoplastic plastic films, the guide surfaces not only serving for radiation reflection, but also for the surface-protecting feeding of the plastic films.
  • the device is particularly optimal for connecting plastic films if it has a laser beam supplied parallel to the joining plane of the thermoplastic films and if the width and / or the length of the beam spot on the films can be adjusted.
  • the films can be preheated in the desired sense by a suitable width of the beam spot, namely with the lower energy density in the edge area of the laser beam, while the area of the area formed by the overlapping of films is determined by the choice of the length of the beam spot is being melted.
  • FIGS. 5a to 1 joining gaps or joining zones of mutually: workpieces of larger material thicknesses to be connected.
  • a tubular bag 2 is to be produced from a thermoplastic workpiece 1 in the form of a flat plastic film, which has a seam 3.
  • a film guiding device 5 is required, which essentially consists of the shaped shoulder 6 shown, which has a run-up surface 6 'for the workpiece 1.
  • the ramp surface 6 ' merges into a shoulder region 6' ', from which the workpiece 1 with the edges 1', 1 '' is tangentially brought together by a guide body 7 of the shaped shoulder 6 in order to form the joint or joint 3 .
  • the connection of the joining seam 3 or the edges 1 ′, 1 ′′ of the workpiece 1 to the joining seam 3 is achieved by suitable beam guidance and beam shaping of the laser beam 4.
  • the mirror 11 serves to reflect the laser beam 4 while simultaneously deflecting and focusing on the joint 12 marked by a circle between the edges of the guide body 7.
  • the focusing takes place, for example, in such a way that the laser beam at the joint 12 has a beam spot with one in the direction of the joint gap compared to the beam width has considerable length in order to achieve a secure joining of the edges 1 ', 1''.
  • the guide body 7 is reflective of laser radiation because it is highly polished or mirrored on the surface. It reflects the radiation transmitted through the workpiece 1 back into the absorbing material, and depending on the type of material, multiple reflection between the opposite surfaces of the guide body 7 is also possible, if these are designed for this, for example long enough.
  • FIG. 2 The principle of the effect of laser radiation transmitted through a workpiece for energy absorption is explained with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the diagram shows the ratio l / l o of a laser light beam radiated in the direction 13 onto a workpiece 14 and its course as a function of the irradiated thickness of the latter. It can be seen that the luminous flux decreases progressively until it leaves the workpiece 14 on the exit side 15. It then strikes a reflector 16, which is reflecting laser radiation, so that the luminous flux of the remaining strength enters the workpiece 14 again. It is absorbed there in accordance with the dashed curve, so that there is complete luminous flux or energy absorption in the workpiece 14.
  • the absorption of the reflected laser radiation means a corresponding increase in heat in the workpiece 14 corresponding to the dashed area 17
  • the reflected radiation or luminous flux Itrans thus leads to a correspondingly uniform distribution of the energy in the workpiece 14 and thus to an equalization of the joining strength. This is a further significant advantage of the method according to the invention in addition to reducing the energy losses or increasing the processing speed.
  • FIG. 3 shows the connection of two workpieces 1 designed as foils, which are brought together tangentially in their feed directions 18 by guide bodies 7 and by a laser beam 4 incident in the direction of irradiation 19 be connected to a thick sheet 20 which is withdrawn in the feed direction 21.
  • the laser beam 4 is focused in such a way that it has a beam spot width 22 which exceeds the thickness of the thick film 20 to be produced.
  • the foil works 1 are heated or melted in regions 23 before they converge in order to be connected to one another in the joining zone 24. If such an early heating is not to take place, then the laser beam 4 need only have a beam spot width 22 ′ which is based on the spacing of the guide bodies 7 in the region of the joining zone 24.
  • the foil works 1 are irradiated with a beam spot width 22 and partially let the laser radiation pass through, this strikes reflection surfaces 25, from which it is reflected in the material, which is indicated by the arrows 26.
  • the relevant reflection surfaces 25 are in turn highly polished or surface mirrored, although this is not necessary if the apparent reflection angle is smaller than the angle of total reflection on the outer surface 27 of the workpieces 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows an arrangement similar to FIG. 3 with workpieces 1 which consist of composite film.
  • Each workpiece 1 has an outer layer 28, a joining layer 29, which thus serve to join both workpieces 1 to form a thick film 20 ', and an aluminum layer 30 embedded by the layers 28, 29, which serves to reflect portions of the laser beam 4 which form the joining layer 29 shine through.
  • the guide bodies 7 have radiation-reflecting properties, or that due to the arrangement of the workpieces 1 on the one hand and the dimensioning or focusing of the laser beam 4 on the other hand, any total reflection on the middle layer is taken into account.
  • 5a to 5i show different designs of joining gaps or joining zones in the case of workpieces of greater thickness.
  • 5a shows a butt joint of two plate-shaped workpieces 31 with a joining gap 32 vertical to them and a joining zone 33, the width of which is determined by the width 22 of the beam spot of the laser beam 4.
  • the joining gap 32 is arranged obliquely in the joining zone 33 in such a way that it extends over its entire width.
  • 5c shows two plate-shaped workpieces 31 with an overlap joint in which the overlap area is arranged in the plate center plane.
  • the joint according to FIG. 5 d is simply wedge-shaped, with all surface sections of a workpiece 31 lying within the joining zone 33.
  • the workpieces 31 are tongue and groove-like and, according to FIG. 5f, double wedge-shaped or toothed.
  • connection strength of the workpieces 31 is achieved by better mixing of the melts.
  • 5g, h show a simple overlap joint or an overlap joint formed by the depositing of workpieces 31, the joining zone 33 in each case corresponding to the overlap width.
  • FIG. 5i shows a flange connection of two workpieces 31 * designed as semifinished products, in which the adjoining surfaces have a double wedge-shaped cross section, for example according to FIG. 5f, but the width 22 of the beam spot of the laser beam 4 is equal to the total width of the connecting flange.
  • the mixing of the molten material is better, the deeper the mutual engagement of the workpieces 31, 31 ', and the greater the proportion of the connecting surfaces inclined to the workpiece plane.
  • 5k, 1 show plate-like workpieces 31 in a butt-jointed arrangement and with a large number of connection interventions or with a corresponding meandering joining gap 32 which extends over the entire width of the joining zone 33.
  • a special feature is the arrangement of a Re flektorstsammlungs 34, which prevents the laser radiation radiated in the direction 35 completely penetrates the workpieces 31. Rather, the laser radiation is reflected, thereby determining the depth of the joining zone 33.
  • the two embodiments differ in that the reflecting part 34 in FIG. 5k is arranged in the joining gap 32 between the workpieces 31, for which purpose the joining gap 32 must be of correspondingly enlarged cross-section. 51, the reflecting part 34 is arranged inside the left workpiece 31 in a correspondingly shaped groove.
  • the above-described methods are carried out, for example, with a laser beam from a carbon dioxide laser, it being possible for the beam guidance to be adapted to the application.
  • the beam guidance can be controlled three-dimensionally, so that the method is very adaptable when compared with the conventional joining methods.
  • the method can be used with particular advantage in the case of thin films of 10 micrometers to 1 millimeter, because with such material thicknesses the plastics often transmit radiation which would otherwise be lost.
  • the method according to the invention is used for joining workpieces made of meltable material with laser radiation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
PCT/DE1989/000247 1988-04-22 1989-04-21 Process for joining workpieces made of fusible material using a laser beam WO1989010231A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3813570.1 1988-04-22
DE19883813570 DE3813570A1 (de) 1988-04-22 1988-04-22 Verfahren zum fuegen von werkstuecken aus aufschmelzbarem werkstoff mit laserstrahlung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989010231A1 true WO1989010231A1 (en) 1989-11-02

Family

ID=6352634

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1989/000247 WO1989010231A1 (en) 1988-04-22 1989-04-21 Process for joining workpieces made of fusible material using a laser beam

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3449889A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3813570A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1989010231A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0500943A4 (en) * 1990-07-26 1993-03-31 Du Pont-Mitsui Polychemicals Co., Ltd. Method of making cylindrical member for paper container
WO1999051421A1 (de) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-14 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Verfahren zum verschweissen von laminatförmigen verpackungsmaterialien
FR2785564A1 (fr) * 1998-11-10 2000-05-12 Cebal Traitement de materiaux au laser, notamment de decoupage ou de soudure
EP0751865B2 (de) † 1994-03-31 2004-07-14 Marquardt GmbH Werkstück aus kunststoff und herstellungsverfahren für ein derartiges werkstück
EP1744870A1 (en) 2004-04-13 2007-01-24 Coloplast A/S A method of providing a laser welded product and a laser welded product
JP2008222252A (ja) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-25 Fuji Mach Co Ltd 包装フィルムの縦シール方法および装置
DE102015109183A1 (de) 2015-06-10 2016-12-15 Fachhochschule Schmalkalden Verfahren zum Verbinden von zwei Fügepartnern aus Kunststoff
CN115958794A (zh) * 2021-10-08 2023-04-14 艾默生科技有限公司布兰森超声分公司 透射传输连接装置、使用该装置的连接方法以及由此产生的连接结构

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ230747A (en) * 1988-09-30 1992-05-26 Bror Morein Immunomodulating matrix comprising a complex of at least one lipid and at least one saponin; certain glycosylated triterpenoid saponins derived from quillaja saponaria molina
DE4209522A1 (de) * 1992-03-24 1993-09-30 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Reparatur von Defekten in thermoplastischen Isolationen
DE19750263A1 (de) * 1997-11-13 1999-05-20 Iwk Verpackungstechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verschließen einer Kunststoff-Tube in einer Tubenfüllmaschine
DE19832168A1 (de) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-20 Lisa Laser Products Ohg Fuhrbe Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schweißen von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen mit Laserlicht
DE19919428C2 (de) 1999-04-28 2001-12-06 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Kunststoff-Ferrule für einen Lichtwellenleiter und Verfahren zum Befestigen einer Ferrule an einem Lichtwellenleiter
US6346323B1 (en) 1999-10-07 2002-02-12 Sig Pack Systems Ag Multi-layer synthetic film
WO2002038677A2 (en) 2000-11-10 2002-05-16 Gentex Corporation Visibly transparent dyes for through-transmission laser welding
US7201963B2 (en) 2002-01-15 2007-04-10 Gentex Corporation Pre-processed workpiece having a surface deposition of absorber dye rendering the workpiece weld-enabled
FI117747B (fi) 2004-01-13 2007-02-15 Stora Enso Oyj Menetelmä ja laite muovipinnoitteisen paperin tai kartongin saumaamiseksi
DE102005010717A1 (de) * 2005-03-09 2006-09-14 Iwk Verpackungstechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verschließen einer Kunststoff-Tube in einer Tubenfüllmaschine
WO2007034978A1 (ja) 2005-09-21 2007-03-29 Orient Chemical Industries, Ltd. レーザー溶着体
DE102013210284A1 (de) 2013-06-04 2014-12-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Verschweißen wenigstens einer flexiblen Folienbahn und Schlauchbeutelmaschine

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE845564C (de) * 1949-12-02 1952-08-04 Mix & Genest Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erwaermung thermoplastischer Stoffe durch Waermestrahlen zum Zwecke der Warmbearbeitung
FR1576435A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1968-04-16 1969-08-01
US3769117A (en) * 1971-12-30 1973-10-30 American Can Co Laser welding plastic tubes
US3974016A (en) * 1974-11-04 1976-08-10 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Bonding of thermoplastic coated cylinders
US4029535A (en) * 1974-04-16 1977-06-14 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Process for seaming fabrics comprising thermoplastic fibers using laser beams
DE2826856A1 (de) * 1978-06-19 1979-12-20 Windmoeller & Hoelscher Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennschweissen von kunststoffolien mit einem laserstrahl
US4414051A (en) * 1981-11-25 1983-11-08 Leco Inc. Method for slitting and/or sealing plastic film material
EP0126787A1 (de) * 1983-05-26 1984-12-05 Jan Tjaden Verfahren zum Laserschweissen und hierfür optimierter Kunststoff
EP0147833A2 (en) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-10 International Paper Company Method and apparatus to seal coated paperboard materials
EP0158528A2 (en) * 1984-04-09 1985-10-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins
FR2597379A1 (fr) * 1986-04-21 1987-10-23 Carnaud Emballage Sa Procede de traitement par faisceau laser d'un materiau en feuille mince et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3989778A (en) * 1975-12-17 1976-11-02 W. R. Grace & Co. Method of heat sealing thermoplastic sheets together using a split laser beam
US4069080A (en) * 1976-06-11 1978-01-17 W. R. Grace & Co. Method and apparatus of bonding superposed sheets of polymeric material in a linear weld
DE2719186A1 (de) * 1977-04-20 1978-11-02 Union Carbide Corp Laserschweissen

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE845564C (de) * 1949-12-02 1952-08-04 Mix & Genest Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erwaermung thermoplastischer Stoffe durch Waermestrahlen zum Zwecke der Warmbearbeitung
FR1576435A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1968-04-16 1969-08-01
US3769117A (en) * 1971-12-30 1973-10-30 American Can Co Laser welding plastic tubes
US4029535A (en) * 1974-04-16 1977-06-14 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Process for seaming fabrics comprising thermoplastic fibers using laser beams
US3974016A (en) * 1974-11-04 1976-08-10 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Bonding of thermoplastic coated cylinders
DE2826856A1 (de) * 1978-06-19 1979-12-20 Windmoeller & Hoelscher Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennschweissen von kunststoffolien mit einem laserstrahl
US4414051A (en) * 1981-11-25 1983-11-08 Leco Inc. Method for slitting and/or sealing plastic film material
EP0126787A1 (de) * 1983-05-26 1984-12-05 Jan Tjaden Verfahren zum Laserschweissen und hierfür optimierter Kunststoff
EP0147833A2 (en) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-10 International Paper Company Method and apparatus to seal coated paperboard materials
EP0158528A2 (en) * 1984-04-09 1985-10-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins
FR2597379A1 (fr) * 1986-04-21 1987-10-23 Carnaud Emballage Sa Procede de traitement par faisceau laser d'un materiau en feuille mince et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0500943A4 (en) * 1990-07-26 1993-03-31 Du Pont-Mitsui Polychemicals Co., Ltd. Method of making cylindrical member for paper container
US5385527A (en) * 1990-07-26 1995-01-31 Du Pont-Mitsui Polychemicals Co., Ltd. Method for the preparation of cylindrical members for paper containers
EP0751865B2 (de) † 1994-03-31 2004-07-14 Marquardt GmbH Werkstück aus kunststoff und herstellungsverfahren für ein derartiges werkstück
WO1999051421A1 (de) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-14 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Verfahren zum verschweissen von laminatförmigen verpackungsmaterialien
FR2785564A1 (fr) * 1998-11-10 2000-05-12 Cebal Traitement de materiaux au laser, notamment de decoupage ou de soudure
WO2000027576A1 (fr) * 1998-11-10 2000-05-18 Cebal S.A. Traitement de materiaux au laser, notamment de decoupage ou de soudure
EP1744870A1 (en) 2004-04-13 2007-01-24 Coloplast A/S A method of providing a laser welded product and a laser welded product
US8872069B2 (en) 2004-04-13 2014-10-28 Coloplast A/S Method of providing a laser welded product and a laser welded product
JP2008222252A (ja) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-25 Fuji Mach Co Ltd 包装フィルムの縦シール方法および装置
DE102015109183A1 (de) 2015-06-10 2016-12-15 Fachhochschule Schmalkalden Verfahren zum Verbinden von zwei Fügepartnern aus Kunststoff
CN115958794A (zh) * 2021-10-08 2023-04-14 艾默生科技有限公司布兰森超声分公司 透射传输连接装置、使用该装置的连接方法以及由此产生的连接结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3449889A (en) 1989-11-24
DE3813570A1 (de) 1989-11-09
DE3813570C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-07-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3813570C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP0751865B1 (de) Werkstück aus kunststoff und herstellungsverfahren für ein derartiges werkstück
DE3713975C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO2011069621A1 (de) VERFAHREN ZUM VERSCHWEIßEN VON ZWEI METALLBAUTEILEN SOWIE VERBINDUNGSANORDNUNG MIT ZWEI METALLBAUTEILEN
DE4104256A1 (de) Verfahren zum herstellen von durch tiefziehen umgeformten formkoerpern, insbesondere von karosserieteilen fuer kraftfahrzeuge
EP0641271B1 (de) Verfahren zum schweissen mit mehreren hochenergie-schweissstrahlen
EP0126787A1 (de) Verfahren zum Laserschweissen und hierfür optimierter Kunststoff
DE19832168A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schweißen von thermoplastischen Kunststoffen mit Laserlicht
EP2701555B1 (de) Kunststoffkante, möbelpaneel und verfahren zur herstellung eines möbelpaneels mit kunststoffkante
DE102021131399A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum aufbringen einer aktiven verbindungskraft beim laserschweissen von sich überlappenden werkstücken
EP3030372B1 (de) Verfahren zum herstellen einer schweissverbindung
WO2020120000A1 (de) Druckkopf für eine druckvorrichtung zum dreidimensionalen aufbringen eines materials, druckvorrichtung sowie verfahren
DE4219619C1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fügen einer kontinuierlich geförderten stromleitenden Materialbahn
WO2015158537A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum lasergestützten trennen eines werkstücks
WO1995014549A1 (de) Verfahren zum herstellen von röhrenförmigen rohlingen aus fein- oder feinstblech
DE4242812A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen und Aufschmelzen von Kunststoffen
EP2764981A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Lasertransmissionsschweißen, Verfahren zum Lasertransmissionsschweißen und ein damit hergestellter mit Folie verschlossener Behälter
EP0223768A2 (de) Vorrichtung zum stoffschlüssigen Verbinden von zumindest im Bereich der Verbindungsstellen thermoplastischen Kunststoff aufweisenden Teilen
EP1475219B1 (de) Laserstrahlbearbeitungsvorrichtung zum Fügen von Kunststoffen mit einem Zusatzwerkstoff
DE19907615B4 (de) Verfahren zum Stumpfschweißen von Kunststoffbahnen oder -folien
DE2656804A1 (de) Verfahren zum t- oder stumpfschweissen von laminiertem vollsynthetischem material
DE3739792C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE3609775A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum stoffschluessigen verbinden von zumindest im bereich der verbindungsstellen thermoplastischen kunststoff aufweisenden teilen
DE2749202A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum schweissen thermoplastischer werkstuecke
DE102017119006A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von Profilteilen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU BB BG BR DK FI HU JP KP KR LK MC MG MW NO RO SD SU US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BF BJ CF CG CH CM DE FR GA GB IT LU ML MR NL SE SN TD TG