WO1989000667A1 - Device for withdrawing and bottling fluids - Google Patents

Device for withdrawing and bottling fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989000667A1
WO1989000667A1 PCT/EP1988/000603 EP8800603W WO8900667A1 WO 1989000667 A1 WO1989000667 A1 WO 1989000667A1 EP 8800603 W EP8800603 W EP 8800603W WO 8900667 A1 WO8900667 A1 WO 8900667A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
line
connection
condenser
filling device
fluid filling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1988/000603
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans-Günter Schmidt
Original Assignee
Alfred Teves Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfred Teves Gmbh filed Critical Alfred Teves Gmbh
Publication of WO1989000667A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989000667A1/en
Priority to FI890739A priority Critical patent/FI890739A/en
Priority to NO891018A priority patent/NO169620C/en
Priority to DK116389A priority patent/DK116389D0/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/002—Collecting refrigerant from a cycle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluid filling device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the fluids used for example, in refrigeration systems, such as air conditioning units, cooling devices, car air conditioning systems and the like, or in hydraulic systems, such as brake systems, cause environmental pollution, such as Damage to the ozone layer or groundwater if they are simply released into the atmosphere. It is therefore important that appropriate disposal is carried out when e.g. B. Refrigerant and oil can be removed from the refrigeration systems. For this purpose, it is regularly filled into transport containers, e.g. Bottles, necessary.
  • Refrigerant pumps are known, but with which only liquid refrigerant can be pumped.
  • suction devices for refrigerants are already known, with which the refrigerant can be sucked off before working on refrigeration systems.
  • These known suction devices have one Compressor open and a downstream condenser in which the hot gas leaving the compressor is subcooled and liquefied.
  • the filling operation with these suction devices is, however, relatively complicated.
  • These suction devices can only suck the refrigerant in gaseous form and the cooling oils can only be transported out to a limited extent. Furthermore, no automatic measures have been taken to prevent the transport containers from being overfilled.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving a fluid filling device according to the preamble of patent claim 1 in such a way that the filling process is simplified with a simple and inexpensive construction.
  • This is achieved according to the invention by the features characterizing claim 1.
  • the solution according to the invention includes that the suction part is not in the cycle. As a result, the oil in the compressor does not have to be changed after each expiration and mixing problems are avoided.
  • the solution according to the invention can be used universally, i.e. independent of the type of refrigerant, but also independent of the fluid in the system to be disposed of. It is thus with the device according to the invention e.g. a brake system can also be disposed of.
  • An advantageous embodiment of this solution provides a bypass line which branches off in front of the condenser and is recombined with the line behind the liquid pump. Via this bypass line, the first part of the fluid mixture is advantageously transferred directly to the container at the beginning of the filling process.
  • Another solution according to the invention is characterized by the features characterizing claim 4.
  • a liquid separator which is followed by a liquid pump, is arranged in the line connecting the connections.
  • a compressor and a condenser are provided in a second line starting from the liquid separator. Both lines are brought together again before the second connection.
  • This system is particularly suitable for simultaneously extracting refrigerant gas, refrigerant liquid and oil, for example.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that a bypass line is provided which branches off the line in front of the liquid separator and is brought back together with the line behind the liquid pump.
  • a particularly energy-saving embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a level switch is connected to the liquid separator, by means of which the liquid pump can be switched.
  • the lubricant circuit of the compressor can be connected to the liquid pump.
  • An economical embodiment of the invention provides that the line is led through the liquid separator in a region between the compressor and the condenser.
  • a gear pump is used as the liquid pump, as is provided according to another advantageous embodiment of the invention.
  • a pump with a bypass in the manner of an oil burner pump is preferably used.
  • a weighing device is advantageously provided.
  • This weighing device is connected in a suitable manner to the drives of the individual units and switches them, e.g. via end contacts, when the maximum filling quantity is reached. An overfilling of the transport container is therefore excluded.
  • Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and described below using the example of a filling device for refrigerant-oil mixture.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention * -
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the invention ?
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a refrigerant-oil mixture filling device 2.
  • the refrigerant-oil mixture filling device 2 has a first line 4, at one end of which a first connection 6 is provided, for connecting the device to a (not shown) refrigeration system or container which contains the refrigerant to be filled and at the other end second connection 8 is provided for connecting filling containers 10 which receive the filled fluid.
  • a shut-off valve 12 is connected downstream of the first connection 6 and a shut-off valve 14 is connected upstream of the second connection 8.
  • a condenser 18 is arranged in the first line 4 between these valves.
  • the mixture to be extracted is condensed and supercooled in this condenser 18, for which purpose a fully hermetically closed refrigerant circuit is connected, which contains a compressor 20 and a condenser 22.
  • the liquefier 18 is followed by a liquid pump 16 which pumps out the supercooled mixture and supplies it to the container 10.
  • a bypass line 24 branches off from the line 4 and is connected again to the first line 4 before the valve 14.
  • Check valves 26, 28 and shut-off valves 30, 32 downstream thereof are provided both in line 4 and in the bypass line 24. The check valves prevent the mixture from flowing back, so that the clearly defined flows cannot be reversed.
  • a branch line 34 extends from the common line section 4a and has a connection 36 for a vacuum pump.
  • the vacuum pump serves to make the system operational by removing any liquid that may be present.
  • a negative pressure monitor is connected to the common line section 4b and initiates a switch-off process when a certain pressure is reached, ie when no more mixture flows in.
  • An overpressure monitor 39 prevents the container pressure from rising above a critical value.
  • an automatic weighing device 40 which all drives (liquid pump, compressor,
  • Condenser fan switches off automatically when the maximum charge is reached.
  • the containers 10 standing on the weighing device 40 can be connected to the connection 14 via a flexible line 42.
  • this pump 16 it appears expedient to arrange this pump 16 with the exchanger in the system at the top and the condenser 22 and the scale 10 at the bottom.
  • This also has a first line 54 with connections 56 provided at the ends for connection to a refrigerant system and 58 for connection to a filling container 10.
  • this line 54 is at this embodiment, an oil separator 68 and, downstream of this, a liquid gear pump 66 is provided.
  • the liquid separator 68 has a heat source by means of an exchanger through which the refrigerant which is at high pressure and temperature is passed (cooling or heating coil in the
  • Liquid separator 68 and the refrigerant-oil mixture, which is at low pressure and low temperature, evaporates refrigerant in the liquid separator, which is then sucked off via line 74.
  • shut-off valves 62, 64 and 80 are also provided, as well as a check valve 76 and a pressure switch 88.
  • a second line 74 opens into the liquid separator, in which a compressor 70 and a condenser 72 are arranged.
  • a check valve 78 and a shut-off valve 82 are again provided in this line.
  • a branch line 84 with a vacuum connection 86 extends from the line section 54a.
  • a pressure switch 90 is connected to this line section.
  • a weighing device 40 is provided which corresponds to the weighing device shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further development of the filling device as described in FIG. 2. Therefore, only the additional features and their function are described below.
  • a cleaning filter 101 is provided between the connection 56 and the shut-off valve 62 in order to retain contaminants from the filling device.
  • a bypass line 102 which has an expansion nozzle 103, and is connected to the line 54 behind the shut-off valve 62.
  • the shut-off valve 62 When liquid refrigerant is disposed of, the shut-off valve 62 is closed, while it is open when gaseous refrigerant is drawn off.
  • a further bypass line 100 is connected to the line 54, which is provided with a check valve 104 and which connects to the line 54 in the vicinity of the line section 54a. Via the bypass line 100 it is possible for liquid or gas under pressure to flow directly from the connection 56 to the filling container 10.
  • the level of the liquid separator 68 is monitored by the level switch 105 connected to it, which is electrically connected to the drive motor of the liquid pump 66 and which only switches on the liquid pump when a certain amount of liquid is present in the liquid separator 68.
  • the lubricant of the compressor 70 inevitably comes into contact with the refrigerant to be compressed, it becomes contaminated over time and must also be disposed of.
  • the level of the lubricant and the degree of contamination can be in the
  • Sight glass 106 arranged in the lubricant circuit can be monitored. If necessary, via the filler valve 107 Lubricants are refilled. If the lubricant is excessively contaminated, it can be sucked off through the disposal line 108 with the shut-off valve 109 open by means of the liquid pump 66 and fed to the filling container 10. Here, the shut-off valve 110, which is arranged between the liquid separator 68 and the liquid pump 66, is closed.
  • a degassing valve 111 is arranged near the inlet of the condenser 72, the outlet of which can be connected, for example, to a further collecting container.
  • the suction valves 76, 78, 104 are designed as ball valves with a confirmation display, each of which indicates the open or closed position of the valve.

Abstract

A device for withdrawing and bottling fluids has a first fitting (6) for connecting the device to a fluid-containing installation, a second fitting (8) for connecting bottling or transport containers (10), and a condenser (18) located between the first and second fitting. In order to simplify the withdrawal and bottling process, a fluid pump (16) is arranged downstream of the condenser (18) in the pipe (4) linking the two fittings (6, 8).

Description

Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung Fluid filling device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a fluid filling device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Die beispielsweise in Kälteanlagen, wie Klimageräten, Kühlgeräten, Autoklimaanlagen und dergl. oder in Hydraulikanlagen, wie BremsSystemen verwendeten Fluide verursachen Umweltbelastungen, wie z.B. Schädigung der Ozonschicht oder des Grundwassers, wenn sie einfach in die Atmosphäre abgelassen werden. Es ist daher wichtig, daß eine geeignete Entsorgung erfolgt, wenn z. B. Kältemittel und Öl aus den Kälteanlagen entfernt werden. Hierzu ist regelmäßig ein Abfüllen in Transportbehälter, wie z.B. Flaschen, notwendig.The fluids used, for example, in refrigeration systems, such as air conditioning units, cooling devices, car air conditioning systems and the like, or in hydraulic systems, such as brake systems, cause environmental pollution, such as Damage to the ozone layer or groundwater if they are simply released into the atmosphere. It is therefore important that appropriate disposal is carried out when e.g. B. Refrigerant and oil can be removed from the refrigeration systems. For this purpose, it is regularly filled into transport containers, e.g. Bottles, necessary.
Es sind Kältemittelpumpen bekannt, mit denen jedoch nur flüssiges Kältemittel gepumpt werden kann. Ferner sind bereits Absauggeräte für Kältemittel bekannt, mit denen vor dem Arbeiten an Kälteanlagen das Kältemittel abgesaugt werden kann. Diese bekannten Absauggeräte weisen einen Kompressor auf und einen nachgeschalteten Verflüssiger, in dem das den Kompressor verlassende heiße Gas unterkühlt und verflüssigt wird. Der Abfüllbetrieb mit diesen Absauggeräten ist jedoch relativ kompliziert. Auch können diese Absauggeräte das Kältemittel nur gasförmig absaugen und die Kälteöle können sie nur bedingt heraustransportieren. Weiterhin sind keine automatischen Vorkehrungen getroffen, die ein Überfüllen der Transportbehälter ausschließen.Refrigerant pumps are known, but with which only liquid refrigerant can be pumped. Furthermore, suction devices for refrigerants are already known, with which the refrigerant can be sucked off before working on refrigeration systems. These known suction devices have one Compressor open and a downstream condenser in which the hot gas leaving the compressor is subcooled and liquefied. The filling operation with these suction devices is, however, relatively complicated. These suction devices can only suck the refrigerant in gaseous form and the cooling oils can only be transported out to a limited extent. Furthermore, no automatic measures have been taken to prevent the transport containers from being overfilled.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 dahingehend zu verbessern, daß bei einfachem und kostengünstigem Aufbau der Abfüllvorgang vereinfacht wird. Dies wird erfindungsgemäß durch die den Patentanspruch 1 kennzeichnenden Merkmale gelöst. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung beinhaltet, daß der absaugende Teil nicht im -Kreislauf liegt. Infolgedessen muß nicht nach jedem Ablauf das Öl im Kompressor gewechselt werden und Vermischungsprobleme werden vermieden. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist universal einsetzbar, d.h. unabhängig vom Kältemitteltyp, aber auch unabhängig von Fluid des zu entsorgenden Systems. Es ist also mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung z.B. auch die Entsorgung eines BremsSystems möglich.The invention is therefore based on the object of improving a fluid filling device according to the preamble of patent claim 1 in such a way that the filling process is simplified with a simple and inexpensive construction. This is achieved according to the invention by the features characterizing claim 1. The solution according to the invention includes that the suction part is not in the cycle. As a result, the oil in the compressor does not have to be changed after each expiration and mixing problems are avoided. The solution according to the invention can be used universally, i.e. independent of the type of refrigerant, but also independent of the fluid in the system to be disposed of. It is thus with the device according to the invention e.g. a brake system can also be disposed of.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform dieser Lösung sieht eine Bypass-Leitung vor, die vor dem Verflüssiger abzweigt und hinter der Flüssigkeitspumpe wieder mit der Leitung zusammengeführt ist. Über diese Bypass-Leitung wird in vorteilhafter Weise zu Beginn des Abfüllvorganges der erste Teil des Fluidgemisches unmittelbar in den Behälter überführt. Eine andere erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird durch die den Patentanspruch 4 kennzeichnenden Merkmale charakterisiert. Bei dieser Lösung ist in der die Anschlüsse verbindenden Leitung ein Flüssigkeitsabscheider angeordnet, dem eine Flüssigkeitspumpe nachgeschaltet ist. In einer vom Flüssigkeitsabscheider ausgehenden zweiten Leitung ist ein Kompressor und ein Verflüssiger vorgesehen. Beide Leitungen sind vor dem zweiten Anschluß wieder zusammengeführt. Mit dieser Anlage können auf einfache Weise im Abscheider auskondensierte flüssige Öle dem Abfüllbehälter direkt zugeführt werden. Dieses System ist besonders geeignet, um gleichzeitig z.B. Kältemittelgas, Kältemittelflüssigkeit und Öl abzusaugen.An advantageous embodiment of this solution provides a bypass line which branches off in front of the condenser and is recombined with the line behind the liquid pump. Via this bypass line, the first part of the fluid mixture is advantageously transferred directly to the container at the beginning of the filling process. Another solution according to the invention is characterized by the features characterizing claim 4. In this solution, a liquid separator, which is followed by a liquid pump, is arranged in the line connecting the connections. A compressor and a condenser are provided in a second line starting from the liquid separator. Both lines are brought together again before the second connection. With this system, liquid oils condensed out in the separator can be fed directly to the filling container. This system is particularly suitable for simultaneously extracting refrigerant gas, refrigerant liquid and oil, for example.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungform der Erfindung sieht vor, daß eine Bypass-Leitung vorgesehen ist, die vor dem Flüssigkeitsabscheider von der Leitung abzweigt und hinter der Flüssigkeitspumpe wieder mit der Leitung zusammengeführt ist. Eine besonders energiesparende Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß an den Flüssigkeitsabscheider ein Niveauschalter angeschlossen ist, mittels welchem die Flüssigkeitspumpe schaltbar ist. Um auch das sich mit der Zeit verunreinigende Schmiermittel des Verdichters umweltfreundlich entsorgen zu können, ist es besonders zweckmäßig, daß der Schmiermittelskreislauf des Verdichters an die Flüssigkeitspumpe anschließbar ist. Eine ökonomische Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Leitung in einem Bereich zwischen den Verdichter und den Verflüssiger durch den Flüssigkeitsabscheider geführt ist.An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that a bypass line is provided which branches off the line in front of the liquid separator and is brought back together with the line behind the liquid pump. A particularly energy-saving embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a level switch is connected to the liquid separator, by means of which the liquid pump can be switched. In order to be able to dispose of the lubricant of the compressor, which contaminates itself over time, in an environmentally friendly manner, it is particularly expedient that the lubricant circuit of the compressor can be connected to the liquid pump. An economical embodiment of the invention provides that the line is led through the liquid separator in a region between the compressor and the condenser.
Besonders zweckmäßig erscheint es, wenn als Flüssigkeitspumpe eine Zahnradpumpe verwendet wird, wie dies gemäß einer anderen vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen ist. Bevorzugt wird eine Pumpe mit Bypass nach Art einer Ölbrennerpumpe eingesetzt.It appears particularly expedient if a gear pump is used as the liquid pump, as is provided according to another advantageous embodiment of the invention. A pump with a bypass in the manner of an oil burner pump is preferably used.
Um eine automatische Beendigung des Abfüllvorganges zu ermöglichen, ist vorteilhafterweise eine Wiegeeinrichtung vorgesehen. Diese Wiegeeinrichtung ist auf geeignete Weise mit den Antrieben der einzelnen Aggregate verbunden und schaltet diese, z.B. über Endkontakte, beim Erreichen der maximalen Füllmenge ab. Ein Überfüllen der Transportbehälter wird somit ausgeschlossen.In order to enable the filling process to be ended automatically, a weighing device is advantageously provided. This weighing device is connected in a suitable manner to the drives of the individual units and switches them, e.g. via end contacts, when the maximum filling quantity is reached. An overfilling of the transport container is therefore excluded.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und im folgenden am Beispiel einer Abfüllvorrichtung für Kältemittel-Ölgemisch beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and described below using the example of a filling device for refrigerant-oil mixture.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung*-1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention * -
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung? und Fig. 3 eine schematische Darstellung einer dritten Ausführungsform der Erfindung.2 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the invention ? and Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a third embodiment of the invention.
Es ist im folgenden zunächst auf die Fig. 1 Bezug genommen, die eine erste Ausführungsform einer Kältemittel-Ölgemisch-Abfüllvorrichtung 2 zeigt. Die Kältemittel-Ölgemisch-Abfüllvorrichtung 2 weist eine erste Leitung 4 auf, an deren einem Ende ein erster Anschluß 6 vorgesehen ist, zum Anschließen der Vorrichtung an eine (nicht dargestellte) Kälteanlage oder Behälter, die das abzufüllende Kältemittel enthält und an deren anderem Ende ein zweiter Anschluß 8 vorgesehen ist, zum Anschließen von Abfüllbehältern 10, die das abgefüllte Fluid aufnehmen. Dem ersten Anschluß 6 ist ein Absperventil 12 nachgeschaltet und dem zweiten Anschluß 8 ist ein Absperrventil 14 vorgeschaltet. Zwischen diesen Ventilen ist in der ersten Leitung 4 ein Verflüssiger 18 angeordnet. In diesem Verflüssiger 18 wird das abzusaugende Gemisch kondensiert und unterkühlt, wozu ein vollhermetisch geschlossener Kältemittelkreislauf angeschlossen ist, der einen Verdichter 20 und einen Verflüssiger 22 enthält. Dem Verflüssiger 18 ist eine Flüssigkeitspumpe 16 nachgeschaltet, die das unterkühlte Gemisch abpumpt und dem Behälter 10 zuführt. Zwischen dem Ventil 12 und der Flüssigkeitspumpe 16, die als Zahnradpumpe ausgeführt ist, zweigt von der Leitung 4 eine Bypass-Leitung 24 ab, die vor dem Ventil 14 wieder mit der ersten Leitung 4 zusammengeführt ist. Sowohl in die Leitung 4 als auch in die Bypass-Leitung 24 sind Rückschlagventile 26,28 und diesen nachgeschaltete Absperrventile 30,32 vorgesehen. Die Rückschlagventile verhindern ein Rückfließen des Gemisches, so daß ausgeschlossen ist, daß die klar definierten Ströme umkehren. Vom gemeinsamen Leitungsabschnitt 4a geht eine Zweigleitung 34 aus, die einen Anschluß 36 für eine Vakuumpumpe aufweist. Die Vakuumpumpe dient dazu, das System funktionsbereit zu machen, indem evtl. vorhandene Flüssigkeit entfernt wird. An den gemeinsamen Leitungsabschnitt 4b ist ein Unterdruckwächter angeschlossen, der bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Druckes, d.h. wenn kein Gemisch mehr nachströmt, einen Abschaltvorgang einleitet. Ein Überdruckwächter 39 verhindert ein Ansteigen des Behälterdruckes über einen kritischen Wert.In the following, reference is first made to FIG. 1, which shows a first embodiment of a refrigerant-oil mixture filling device 2. The refrigerant-oil mixture filling device 2 has a first line 4, at one end of which a first connection 6 is provided, for connecting the device to a (not shown) refrigeration system or container which contains the refrigerant to be filled and at the other end second connection 8 is provided for connecting filling containers 10 which receive the filled fluid. A shut-off valve 12 is connected downstream of the first connection 6 and a shut-off valve 14 is connected upstream of the second connection 8. A condenser 18 is arranged in the first line 4 between these valves. The mixture to be extracted is condensed and supercooled in this condenser 18, for which purpose a fully hermetically closed refrigerant circuit is connected, which contains a compressor 20 and a condenser 22. The liquefier 18 is followed by a liquid pump 16 which pumps out the supercooled mixture and supplies it to the container 10. Between the valve 12 and the liquid pump 16, which is designed as a gear pump, a bypass line 24 branches off from the line 4 and is connected again to the first line 4 before the valve 14. Check valves 26, 28 and shut-off valves 30, 32 downstream thereof are provided both in line 4 and in the bypass line 24. The check valves prevent the mixture from flowing back, so that the clearly defined flows cannot be reversed. A branch line 34 extends from the common line section 4a and has a connection 36 for a vacuum pump. The vacuum pump serves to make the system operational by removing any liquid that may be present. A negative pressure monitor is connected to the common line section 4b and initiates a switch-off process when a certain pressure is reached, ie when no more mixture flows in. An overpressure monitor 39 prevents the container pressure from rising above a critical value.
Um ein Überfüllen der Behälter 10 zu vermeiden, ist eine automatische Wiegeeinrichtung 40 vorgesehen, die alle Antriebe (Flüssigkeitspumpe, Kompressor,In order to avoid overfilling of the containers 10, an automatic weighing device 40 is provided, which all drives (liquid pump, compressor,
Verflüssigerlüfter) beim Erreichen der maximalen Füllmenge selbsttätig abschaltet. Die auf der Wiegeeinrichtung 40 stehenden Behälter 10 sind über eine flexible Leitung 42 mit dem Anschluß 14 verbindbar. Bei der praktischen Ausführung der Vorrichtung erscheint es zweckmäßig, diese Pumpe 16 mit dem Austauscher in der Anlage oben und den Verflüssiger 22 und die Waage 10 unten anzuordnen.Condenser fan) switches off automatically when the maximum charge is reached. The containers 10 standing on the weighing device 40 can be connected to the connection 14 via a flexible line 42. In the practical implementation of the device, it appears expedient to arrange this pump 16 with the exchanger in the system at the top and the condenser 22 and the scale 10 at the bottom.
Es wird sodann auf die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsform einer Kältemittelabfüllvorrichtung 52 Bezug genommen. Auch diese weist eine erste Leitung 54 mit an den Enden vorgesehenen Anschlüssen 56 zur Verbindung mit einer Kältemittelanlage und 58 zur Verbindung mit einem Abfüllbehälter 10 auf. In diese Leitung 54 ist bei dieser Ausführung ein Ölabscheider 68 und, diesem nachgeschaltet, eine Flüssigkeitszahnradpumpe 66 vorgesehen. Der Flüssigkeitsabscheider 68 hat eine Wärmequelle mittels eines Austauschers, durch den das unter hohem Druck und Temperatur stehende Kältemittel geführt wird (Kühl- bzw. Heizwendel imReference is then made to the embodiment of a refrigerant filling device 52 shown in FIG. 2. This also has a first line 54 with connections 56 provided at the ends for connection to a refrigerant system and 58 for connection to a filling container 10. In this line 54 is at this embodiment, an oil separator 68 and, downstream of this, a liquid gear pump 66 is provided. The liquid separator 68 has a heat source by means of an exchanger through which the refrigerant which is at high pressure and temperature is passed (cooling or heating coil in the
Flüssigkeitsabscheider 68) und wobei das unter niedrigem Druck und geringer Temperatur stehenden Kältemittel-Öl-Gemisch im Flüssigkeitsabscheider Kältemittel ausdampft, welches dann über die Leitung 74 abgesaugt wird.Liquid separator 68) and the refrigerant-oil mixture, which is at low pressure and low temperature, evaporates refrigerant in the liquid separator, which is then sucked off via line 74.
Entsprechend der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 1 sind auch Absperrventile 62,64 und 80 vorgesehen sowie ein Rückschlagventil 76 und ein Druckwächter 88. In den Flüssigkeitsabscheider mündet eine zweite Leitung 74, in der ein Verdichter 70 und ein Verflüssiger 72 angeordnet sind. Auch in dieser Leitung sind wieder ein Rückschlagventil 78 und ein Absperrventil 82 vorgesehen. Vom Leitungsabschnitt 54a geht eine Zweigleitung 84 mit einem Vakuumanschluß 86 aus. Ferner ist an diesen Leitungsabschnitt ein Druckwächter 90 angeschlossen. Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform ist eine Wiegevorrichtung 40 vorgesehen, die der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Wiegevorrichtung entspricht.1, shut-off valves 62, 64 and 80 are also provided, as well as a check valve 76 and a pressure switch 88. A second line 74 opens into the liquid separator, in which a compressor 70 and a condenser 72 are arranged. A check valve 78 and a shut-off valve 82 are again provided in this line. A branch line 84 with a vacuum connection 86 extends from the line section 54a. Furthermore, a pressure switch 90 is connected to this line section. In this embodiment too, a weighing device 40 is provided which corresponds to the weighing device shown in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine Weiterbildung der Abfüllvorrichtung, wie sie in Fig. 2 beschrieben ist. Es werden daher im Folgenden lediglich die zusätzlichen Merkmale und deren Funktion beschrieben.FIG. 3 shows a further development of the filling device as described in FIG. 2. Therefore, only the additional features and their function are described below.
Zwischen dem Anschluß 56 und dem Absperrventil 62 ist ein Reinigungsfilter 101 vorgesehen, um Verunreinigungen von der Abfüllvorrichtung zurückzuhalten. Zwischen dem Reinigungsfilter 101 und dem Absperrventil 62 zweigt eine Bypass-Leitung 102 ab, die eine Entspannungsdüse 103 aufweist, und hinter dem Absperrventil 62 wieder an die Leitung 54 angeschlossen ist. Beim Entsorgen von flüssigem Kältemittel ist das Absperrventil 62 geschlossen, während es beim Absaugen gasförmigen Kältemittels geöffnet ist. Zwischen Absperrventil 62 und Flüssigkeitsabscheider ist eine weitere Bypass-Leitung 100 an die Leitung 54 angeschlossen, die mit einem Rückschlagventil 104 versehen ist und die sich in der Nähe des Leitungsabschnittes 54a an die Leitung 54 anschließt. Über die Bypass-Leitung 100 ist es möglich, daß unter Druck stehende Flüssigkeit oder Gas direkt von dem Anschluß 56 zum Abfüllbehälter 10 strömt.A cleaning filter 101 is provided between the connection 56 and the shut-off valve 62 in order to retain contaminants from the filling device. Between the Cleaning filter 101 and the shut-off valve 62 branches off from a bypass line 102, which has an expansion nozzle 103, and is connected to the line 54 behind the shut-off valve 62. When liquid refrigerant is disposed of, the shut-off valve 62 is closed, while it is open when gaseous refrigerant is drawn off. Between the shut-off valve 62 and the liquid separator, a further bypass line 100 is connected to the line 54, which is provided with a check valve 104 and which connects to the line 54 in the vicinity of the line section 54a. Via the bypass line 100 it is possible for liquid or gas under pressure to flow directly from the connection 56 to the filling container 10.
Der Eüllstand .des Flüssigkeitsabscheiders 68 wird von dem mit: diesem verbundenen Niveau-Schwim erschalter 105 überwacht, welcher elektrisch mit dem Antriebsmotor der Flüssigkeitspumpe 66 verbunden ist und der die Flüssigkeϊtspumpe erst dann einschaltet, wenn eine bestimmte Flüssigkeitsmenge im Flüssigkeitsabscheider 68 vorhanden ist.The level of the liquid separator 68 is monitored by the level switch 105 connected to it, which is electrically connected to the drive motor of the liquid pump 66 and which only switches on the liquid pump when a certain amount of liquid is present in the liquid separator 68.
Da. das Schmiermittel des Verdichters 70 unweigerlich auch mit dem zu verdichtenden Kältemittel in Kontakt kommt, wird es im Laufe der Zeit verunreinigt und muß ebenfalls entsorgt werden. Der Füllstand des Schmiermittels sowie der Verunreinigungsgrad kann über das imThere. the lubricant of the compressor 70 inevitably comes into contact with the refrigerant to be compressed, it becomes contaminated over time and must also be disposed of. The level of the lubricant and the degree of contamination can be in the
Schmiermittelkreislauf angeordnete Schauglas 106 überwacht werden. Gegebenenfalls kann über das Einfüllventil 107 Schmiermittel nachgefüllt werden. Bei zu starker Verunreinigung des Schmiermittels kann dieses durch die Entorgungsleitung 108 bei geöffnetem Absperrventil 109 mittels der Flüssigkeitspumpe 66 abgesaugt und dem Abfüllbehälter 10 zugeführt werden. Hierbei wird das Absperrventil 110, welches zwischen dem Flüssigkeitsabscheider 68 und der Flüssigkeitspumpe 66 angeordnet ist, geschlossen.Sight glass 106 arranged in the lubricant circuit can be monitored. If necessary, via the filler valve 107 Lubricants are refilled. If the lubricant is excessively contaminated, it can be sucked off through the disposal line 108 with the shut-off valve 109 open by means of the liquid pump 66 and fed to the filling container 10. Here, the shut-off valve 110, which is arranged between the liquid separator 68 and the liquid pump 66, is closed.
Um nichtkondensierbare Gase aus der Leitung 74 abzulassen, ist in der Nähe des Eingangs des Kondensators 72 ein Entgasungsschraderventil 111 angeordnet, dessen Ausgang beispielsweise mit einem weiteren Auffangbehälter verbindbar ist. Um den Betriebszustand der Abfüllvorrichtung stets überwachen zu können, sind die Absaugventile 76,78,104 als Kugelventile mit Bestätigungsanzeige ausgeführt, die jeweils die Offen- bzw. die Geschlossen-Stellung des Ventils anzeigen. In order to discharge non-condensable gases from the line 74, a degassing valve 111 is arranged near the inlet of the condenser 72, the outlet of which can be connected, for example, to a further collecting container. In order to always be able to monitor the operating state of the filling device, the suction valves 76, 78, 104 are designed as ball valves with a confirmation display, each of which indicates the open or closed position of the valve.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung mit einem ersten Anschluß zum Anschließen der Vorrichtung an eine Fluidanlage, mit einem zweiten Anschluß zum Anschließen von Abfüll- bzw. Transportbehältern, und mit zwischen dem ersten Anschluß und dem zweiten Anschluß angeordneten Verflüssiger, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß in einer die Anschlüsse (6,8) verbindenden Leitung (4) der Verflüssiger (18) und diesem nachgeschaltet eine Flüssigkeitspumpe (16) angeordnet ist.1. Fluid filling device with a first connection for connecting the device to a fluid system, with a second connection for connecting filling or transport containers, and with a condenser arranged between the first connection and the second connection, characterized in that in one Connections (6, 8) connecting line (4) of the condenser (18) and a liquid pump (16) arranged downstream of this.
2. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Verflüssiger (18) mit einem vollhermetisch geschlossenen Kältekreislauf (20,22) verbunden ist.2. Fluid filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the condenser (18) is connected to a fully hermetically closed refrigeration circuit (20, 22).
3. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß eine Bypass-Leitung (24) vorgesehen ist, die vor dem Verflüssiger (18) von der Leitung (4) abzweigt und hinter der Flüssigkeitspumpe (16) wieder mit der Leitung (4) zusammengeführt ist. 3. Fluid filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that a bypass line (24) is provided which branches off from the line (4) in front of the condenser (18) and behind the liquid pump (16) again with the line (4 ) is merged.
4. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung mit einem ersten Anschluß zum Anschließen der Vorrichtung an eine Fluidanlage, mit einem zweiten Anschluß, zum Anschließen von Abfüll- bzw. Transportbehältern, und mit zwischen dem ersten Anschluß und dem zweiten Anschluß angeordneten Flüssigkeitsabscheider, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß in eine die Anschlüsse (56,58) verbindende Leitung (54) der Flüssigkeitsabscheider (68) und eine nachgeschaltete Flüssigkeitspumpe (66) vorgesehen sind und daß in einer von dem Flüssigkeitsabscheider (68) ausgehenden Leitung (74) ein Verdichter (70) und ein Verflüssiger (72) angeordnet .ist.4. Fluid filling device with a first connection for connecting the device to a fluid system, with a second connection, for connecting filling or transport containers, and with a liquid separator arranged between the first connection and the second connection, characterized in that in a the line (54, 58) connecting the line (54) of the liquid separator (68) and a downstream liquid pump (66) are provided and that in a line (74) starting from the liquid separator (68) a compressor (70) and a condenser ( 72) is arranged.
5. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß eine Bypass-Leitung (100) vorgesehen ist, die vor dem5. Fluid filling device according to claim 4, characterized in that a bypass line (100) is provided which is in front of the
Flüssigkeitsabscheider auf (68) von der Leitung (54) abzweigt und hinter der Flüssigkeitpumpe (66) wieder mit der Leitung (54) zusammengeführt ist.Liquid separator branches off on line (68) from line (54) and is brought back together with line (54) behind the liquid pump (66).
6. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß an den Flüssigkeitsabscheider (68) ein Niveauschalter (105) angeschlossen ist, mittels welchem die Flüssigkeitspumpe (66) schaltbar ist.6. Fluid filling device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a level switch (105) is connected to the liquid separator (68), by means of which the liquid pump (66) can be switched.
7. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Schmiermittelkreilauf des Verdichters (70) an die Flüssigkeitspumpe (66) anschließbar ist. 7. Fluid filling device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the lubricant circuit of the compressor (70) can be connected to the liquid pump (66).
8. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der die Leitung (74) in einem Bereich zwischen dem Verdichter (70) und dem Verflüssiger (72) durch den Flüssigkeitsabscheider (68) geführt ist.8. Fluid filling device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the line (74) is guided in a region between the compressor (70) and the condenser (72) through the liquid separator (68).
9. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß in der Leitung (74) zwischen dem Verdichter (70) und dem Verflüssiger (72) ein Entgasungsventil (111) vorgesehen ist.9. A fluid filling device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that a degassing valve (111) is provided in the line (74) between the compressor (70) and the condenser (72).
10. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Flüssigkeitspumpe (16,66) eine Zahnradpumpe ist.10. Fluid filling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid pump (16, 66) is a gear pump.
11. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß in den Leitungen (4,54,74) und in den11. Fluid filling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lines (4, 54, 74) and in the
Bypass-Leitungen (24,100) Rückschlagventile vorgesehen sind, die die Strömungsrichtung zum ersten Anschluß (6,56) sperren.Bypass lines (24,100) check valves are provided which block the direction of flow to the first connection (6.56).
12. Fluid-Abfüllvorrichtung mit einem ersten Anschluß zum Anschließen der Vorrichtung an eine Fluidanlage, mit einem zweiten Anschluß, zum Anschließen von Abfüllbehältern, und mit zwischen dem ersten Anschluß und dem zweiten Anschluß angeordneten Kompressor und Verflüssiger, insbesondere nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Vorrichtung eine Wiegeeinrichtung (40) aufweist. 12. Fluid filling device with a first connection for connecting the device to a fluid system, with a second connection, for connecting filling containers, and with a compressor and condenser arranged between the first connection and the second connection, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the device has a weighing device (40).
PCT/EP1988/000603 1987-07-11 1988-07-06 Device for withdrawing and bottling fluids WO1989000667A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI890739A FI890739A (en) 1987-07-11 1989-02-16 TOEMNINGSANORDNING FOER FLUIDER.
NO891018A NO169620C (en) 1987-07-11 1989-03-09 Fluid dispensing device.
DK116389A DK116389D0 (en) 1987-07-11 1989-03-10 APPARATUS FOR DRAINING A FLUIDUM

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3722987.7 1987-07-11
DE3722987 1987-07-11
DEP3805832.4 1988-02-25
DE19883805832 DE3805832A1 (en) 1987-07-11 1988-02-25 FLUID FILLING DEVICE

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WO1989000667A1 true WO1989000667A1 (en) 1989-01-26

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DK (1) DK116389D0 (en)
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DE4216046A1 (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 Hans Rudolf Prof Dr Engelhorn Removing refrigerants with low boiling point from refrigeration plant - sucking refrigerant from plant and then liquefying it using one or more compression stages and delivering to collection bottle
FR2784737A1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2000-04-21 Matra Marconi Space France FILLING GAS UNDER PRESSURE IN A TANK AND PRESSURIZING A FLUID IN A TANK
JP4366245B2 (en) * 2004-05-24 2009-11-18 アイシン精機株式会社 Refrigerant supply device
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DK116389A (en) 1989-03-10
EP0326591A1 (en) 1989-08-09
FI890739A0 (en) 1989-02-16
FI890739A (en) 1989-02-16
DK116389D0 (en) 1989-03-10
DE3805832A1 (en) 1989-01-19

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