Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
  • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
  • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
  • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
  • G01N33/531—Production of immunochemical test materials
  • G01N33/532—Production of labelled immunochemicals
  • G01N33/533—Production of labelled immunochemicals with fluorescent label
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
  • C09B11/00—Diaryl- or thriarylmethane dyes
  • C09B11/04—Diaryl- or thriarylmethane dyes derived from triarylmethanes, i.e. central C-atom is substituted by amino, cyano, alkyl
  • C09B11/10—Amino derivatives of triarylmethanes
  • C09B11/24—Phthaleins containing amino groups ; Phthalanes; Fluoranes; Phthalides; Rhodamine dyes; Phthaleins having heterocyclic aryl rings; Lactone or lactame forms of triarylmethane dyes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
  • Y10S435/805—Test papers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
  • Y10S435/81—Packaged device or kit
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
  • Y10S436/80—Fluorescent dyes, e.g. rhodamine
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
  • Y10S436/805—Optical property
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
  • Y10S436/807—Apparatus included in process claim, e.g. physical support structures
  • Y10S436/808—Automated or kit

Definitions

• a detectable, signal-generating dye moiety which may be, for example, a moiety which emits electromagnetic radiation, e.g., a fluorescent, chemiluminescent or bioluminescent moiety.
• the biologically active moiety may be: a DNA probe, e.g., a labeled DNA probe of the type used in detecting complementary DNA sequences; an enzyme; an enzyme inhibitor; an antigen; an antibody; a hapten, etc.
• labeled-reagent immunoassays for the detection of body fluid components such as antigens, hormones, infectious agents, serum antibodies and the like.
• the patent literature includes many disclosures of various assays involving a labeled-reagent reaction between antigens and antibodies to provide a detectable signal which may be a change in color, emission of electromagneti radiation, etc.
• These assays involve an immunological interaction between a ligand and an antiligand wherein at least one of the two reactants contains a substance or a precursor of a substance which can provide the detectable signal as a function of the immunological ligand - antiligand interaction.
• One class of labels commonly used in such assays are fluorescent dyes or fluorophores. Both heterogeneous and homogeneous specific binding assays employing fluorescent-labeled conjugates are well known in the art.
• fluorescent labels for use in such assays have a relatively long emission wavelength, e.g., above 500 mm.
• the labels have a large Stokes shift, be stable under the assay conditions, be relatively free of non-specific interference both from materials in solution and the moiety to which the label is conjugated and provide high quantum yields.
• the present invention relates to novel fluorescent conjugates comprising a rhodamine dye moiety linked to a biologically active moiety and their use in biological diagnostic assay elements and processes.
• a further object is to provide biological diagnostic assay elements and processes.
• W, X, Y and Z are the same or different and each is represented by - (CH 2 ) a (CHR 4 )(CH 2 ) b -; a and b each independently is an integer of from 0 to 4, provided that the sum of a + b is an integer of from 1 to 4; m and n each is 0 or 1, provided that one of m and n is 0 and one of m and n is 1; p and q each is 0 or 1, provided that one of p and q is 0 and one of p and q is 1;
• R, R 1 , R 3 and R 4 each independently is hydrogen, a substituent including a hydrophilic group such as, for example, a carboxylic acid, a polyalcohol, a sulfonic acid or the like, or a substituent including a biologically active moiety such as an antigen, an antibody or the like;
• R 2 is -CO 2 ⁇ , SO 3 ⁇ ; or a substituent including a biologically active moiety such as those described above; provided that at least one of R, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is a substituent including a biologically active moiety;
• A is a counterion or counterions to balance the charges produced by the conjugate moiety; and x is 0 or 1.
• the counterion, A may be any biologically acceptable anion or cation such as, for example, chloride, sulfate, diphenylphosphate, trifluoroacetate, trimethylammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium and the like. It will also be understood that when the conjugate moiety has a net overall charge greater than one, the charges may be balanced by one or more counterions. For example, where the conjugate moiety has a net overall charge of +2, these charges can be balanced by two chloride ions or one sulfate ion.
• hydrophilic group a group which will improve the solubility of the molecule in water.
• suitable hydrophilic groups include: carboxylic acids (-COOH); polyethers such as those represented by -(OCH 2 CH 2 )c — O Et where c is an integer of from 1 to 20 such as polyethylene oxide; polyalcohols which are represented by -CH 2 -(CHOH) d -CH 2 OH where d is an integer of from 1 to 20; primary, secondary or tertiary amines which are represented by -NR 5 R 6 where R 5 and R 6 each independently is hydrogen, alkyl, preferably having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, aryl such as phenyl or
• polyamines such as sulfonic acids (-SO 3 H); phosphonic acids or esters which are represented by -(CH 2 ) e -PO(OR 7 ) (OR 8 ) where e is an integer of from 1 to 8 and R 7 and R 8 each independently is hydrogen, alkyl, preferably having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or aryl such as phenyl; phosphates represented by —(CH 2 )- e —OPO(OH) 2 ; phosphate esters represented by 0(CH 2 ) e OPO(OH) (OR 9 ) where R 9 is alkyl, preferably having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or aryl such as phenyl; phosphinic acids represented by —(CH 2 ) e -PO(OH)R 10 where R 10 is alkyl, preferably having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; boronic acids which are represented by -R 11 -B(OH) 2 where R 11 is -(CH 2
• novel fluorescent conjugates within Formula I have emission maxima which are above 500 nm, typically in the range of from about 500 nm to about 650 nm.
• the novel conjugates of the invention include at least one biologically active moiety which can be attached directly to the dye chromophore or which can be attached to the dye chromophore through a divalent achromophoric linking group.
• achromophoric linking group is meant one which does not cause any appreciable shift in the spectral absorption characteristics of the dye moiety.
• substituent may include a divalent achromophoric linking group to link the dye moiety to the biologically active moiety. Such a linkage should be non-conjugated.
• the biologically active moiety may be any such as, for example, an antigen, an antibody, a hapten, a DNA probe, an Fab fragment, etc.
• Typical functional groups which are useful as coupling groups which can be attached to the dye molecule, and the substituents of the biologically active moiety with which such coupling groups are reactable to provide the achromophoric linking group within the labeled conjugates, are:
• N-hydroxysuccinimide esters amino groups ( ⁇ -amino, lysine)
• Activated disulfide bonds SH e.g. 2-pyridyldisulfides
• hydrophilic groups mentioned above are substantially achromophoric and certain of these can be derivatized and utilized as suitable linking groups.
• a hydrophilic group may be attached to the linking group.
• one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a biologically active moiety attached to it as described above and the other hydrogen atom can be replaced by a hydrophilic group such as, for example,
• linking group while serving as the means for attaching the dye moiety to the biologically active moiety, can also have a hydrophilic group attached to it.
• the linking group may also function as a hydrophilic group such as, for example, in the case of -NH-BIO and -PO 2 (OH)-BIO.
• the labeled fluorescent conjugates of the invention are useful in various applications including diagnostic assays which are based on an energy transfer mechanism to activate the fluorescent label.
• the fluorescent dye moieties typically have maximum absorption, ⁇ max, of from about 500 nm to about 650 nm, exhibit Stokes shifts of about 15 - 20 nm and have high quantum yields of about 0.7 - 0.8.
• These dye moieties advantageously offer a number of positions of attachment for biologically active moieties and/or solubilizing groups. The presence of such solubilizing groups can help to avoid undesirable nonspecific binding of the conjugates to components present in biological fluids such as, for example, plasma proteins. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
• a preferred class of conjugates according to the invention is represented by the formula
• R 12 , R 13 , R 14 and R 15 may be the same or different and each independently is hydrogen, a substituent including a hydrophilic group such as any of those described above, or a substituent including a biologically active moiety such as any of those described above; and R 2 , R 3 , A and x are as previously defined.
• Another preferred class of conjugates according to the invention is re ⁇ resented by the formula
• R 2 , R 3 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , A and x are as previously defined.
• the biologically active moiety may be attached to the fluorescent dye moiety at various positions.
• the biologically active moiety is included within substituent R 2 fFormula I).
• the biologically active moiety is preferably attached through a linkage which is a carboxamido piperazinyl derivative represented by the formula
• R 2 is represented by
• the attachment of the biologically active moiety to the linkage may be through any appropriate position on that moiety.
• the biologically active moiety is theophylline it may be attached to the linkage through the 3- or 8- positions.
• the labeled conjugates of the invention may be used in any of many applications such as, for example, in diagnostic assays such as competitive binding assays or immunoassays or in immune response reactions employing labeled reagents.
• the conjugates are employed in drug monitoring applications such as for theophylline, phenytoin, etc. or in hormone monitoring applications such as thyroxine (T4).
• conjugates of the invention find utility are well known, e.g., immunometric assays, competitive binding assays, etc. and therefore extensive discussion of such assays is not required here.
• a biological reaction or interaction results in the generation of a detectable signal.
• an analyte - containing sample comprising a body fluid such as serum or whole blood is applied to a surface of the element.
• the fluid is typically passed through a filtering medium to remove interfering species and/or cells and then diffuses to a layer containing the labeled biologically active conjugate to produce an immunological reaction or interaction in accordance with the particular system of the assay element and this reaction or interaction in turn generates a detectable signal which is a function of the analyte in the sample fluid.
• the signal so generated may in less sophisticated systems provide only a qualitative determination of the presence of analyte or, in more sophisticated systems, it may provide a semi-quantitative measurement of the analyte.
• the biologically active conjugate containing the detectable signal - generating moiety may be a so-called label-protein conjugate, i.e., a protein such as an antigen, antibody or
• a typical multilayer assay element according to the invention comprises a support layer, which may be transparent, carrying at least one reagent layer in which there is provided the labeled conjugate of the invention. Also, in the reagent layer(s) there is provided any other reagent which is necessary for the particular signal generating system being exploited for the particular assay.
• These elements may also include other layers to provide various functions which are known in the art such as, for example: a layer to receive the sample and provide an even distribution of the sample components to the underlying reagent layer(s); a light-blocking, or screen, layer to assist in the detection of the signal by separating the layer in which the signal generating species is located from other layers of the element thus preventing undesirable interference with the detection of the signal; etc.
• the conjugates of the invention may also be used for fluorescent staining of cells.
• the cells may then be observed under a microscope, the presence of the fluorescent conjugate being indicative of the presence of a specific determinant site.
• the conjugates may be used for the deletion, separation or other application in a fluorescent activated cell sorter.
• the conjugates of the invention may be prepared by reactions which are known to those skilled in the art and these will be apparent from the specific examples provided below herein. Accordingly, extensive discussion of such processes is not required here.
• Potassium-t-butoxide (1.56g, 13.9 mmole) was added in one portion to a stirred solution of 2.0g of the previous product (VIII) in 200 ml of dry DMF at 0°-5°C under nitrogen. A cyan color formed and subsequently dissipated. (Note: subsequently it was found to be more convenient to add the potassium-t-butoxide to a point where the cyan color persists and then add one more equivalent). Another 0.5g (4.5 mmole) of potassium-t-butoxide was added and the resulting cyan solution stirred for 45 minutes.
• magenta powder as a magenta powder.
• the tris(3-sulfopropyl) rhodamine (2.3g) was stirred in 30 ml of aqueous IN NaOH for 1 hour under nitrogen. To this solution there was added 30 ml of IN HCl and the solvent then evaporated to dryness under high vacuum. The resulting solid was dissolved in a small volume of water and appl ied to a pad of C 1 8 silica . The salts were removed by washing with water.
• Bis (3-sulfopropyl) rhodamine carboxylic acid 50 mg, 7.67 X 10 -5 mole was added to a flamed/N 2 cooled round bottom flask together with 2-3 ml of dry DMF and stirred at ambient temperature under nitrogen.
• Triethylamine 64 ⁇ l , 46.4 mg, 4.6 X 10 -4 mole was added followed by pivaloyl chloride (28.2 ⁇ l , 27.6 mg, 2.3 X 10 -4 mole) and the mixture stirred for 2 hours.
• the reaction was monitored by TLC using a piperidine quench on aliquots.
• the mixed anhydride of 3-(carboxylpropyl) theophylline (which was prepared following the procedure described in Jour. of Org. Chem., 45 (9) 1980, page 1711) was formed in a flamed/N 2 cooled round bottom flask under nitrogen by addition of pivaloyl chloride (14.5 ⁇ l, 14.5 mg, 1.20 X 10 -4 mole) and triethylamine (16.7 ⁇ l, 12.1 mg, 1.20 X 10 -4 mole) to 3-(carboxypropyl) theophylline (28.6 mg, 1.20 X 10 -4 mole). in 6 ml of dry DMF at 0°C.
• the mixture was stirred for 1 1/2 hours at 0°C and then transferred to a separate flamed/N 2 cooled round bottom flask containing bis (3-sulfopropyl) rhodamine piperazinamide (43.4 mg, 6.01 X 10 -5 mole) under nitrogen.
• the reaction mixture was stirred for 12 hours at ambient temperature. Thin layer chromatography showed an incomplete reaction so 2 more equivalents of the mixed anhydride were added to the reaction mixture.
• EXAMPLE V l-(carboxyethyl)phenobarbital (50 mg, 1.64 X 10-4 mole) was dissolved in 2 ml of dry DMF with stirring under N 2 . The solution was cooled in an ice water bath and triethylamine (25 ⁇ l, 1.75 X 10 -4 mole) added in one portion. Pivaloyl chloride (22 ⁇ l, 1.75 X 10 -4 mole) was added to the mixture in one portion. Within several minutes a precipitate was observed and the mixture was stirred at 5°C for 1 hour.
• Triethylamine (19 ⁇ l, 1.33 X 10 -4 mole) was added in one portion to a cooled solution ( ⁇ 3°C) of 78 mg (1.21 X 10 -4 mole) of IX in 2 ml of dry DMF.
• Pivaloyl chloride (17 ⁇ l, 1.33 X 10 -4 mole) was added to the solution in one portion with cooling. A precipitate was observed almost immediately and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at reduced temperature. The mixture was then added quickly, dropwise, to a solution of 45 mg (1.21 X 10 -4 mole) of XXIV and triethylamine (19 ⁇ l, 1.33 X 10 -4 mole) in 2 ml of dry DMF.
• T4 thyroxine
• Reagent A solution 50 mmoles HEPES buffer (pH 7.2); 10 mmoles Na 2 EDTA; 0.02% 8-anilino-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS); 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA); and 0.05% NaN 3 .
• Reagent B solution reagent A and 5% polyethylene glycol (PEG; NW 6000).
• Calibrator solutions were made having 1, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 ng T4/ ⁇ l of Reagent, A, respectively.
• the calibrator solutions 200 ⁇ l ) were each combined with 200 ⁇ l of mouse monoclonal anti-T4 antibody (Behringwerke AG 49/7), 0.15 mmole Ig G, in Reagent A and 200 ul of a solution of conjugate, 0.17 mmole, in Reagent A.
• the mixture was incubated for 60 minutes at room temperature.
• 200 ⁇ l of 2% mouse normal serum in Reagent B and 200 ⁇ l of goat anti-mouse Ig G antibody (1/16 dilution of Calbiochem Cat. No. 401210) in Reagent B were added and the mixture further incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature.
• the standard curve exhibited good dose response in the 70-110 ng T4/ml range of interest.

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• Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
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• Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

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• 1987
  • 1987-04-02 US US07/034,225 patent/US4900686A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1988
  • 1988-02-23 JP JP63504346A patent/JPH0718874B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-02-23 WO PCT/US1988/000641 patent/WO1988007682A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1988-02-23 AU AU17281/88A patent/AU602090B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1988-03-08 ZA ZA881640A patent/ZA881640B/xx unknown
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  • 1988-04-01 EP EP88105319A patent/EP0285179B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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