WO1988006554A1 - Process and machine for automatically making up parcels of bags held together by straps - Google Patents

Process and machine for automatically making up parcels of bags held together by straps Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988006554A1
WO1988006554A1 PCT/FR1988/000122 FR8800122W WO8806554A1 WO 1988006554 A1 WO1988006554 A1 WO 1988006554A1 FR 8800122 W FR8800122 W FR 8800122W WO 8806554 A1 WO8806554 A1 WO 8806554A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bags
strap
stacks
straps
station
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1988/000122
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Boquet
Georges Guennou
Original Assignee
Sica Du Silo De La Rochelle-Pallice
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sica Du Silo De La Rochelle-Pallice filed Critical Sica Du Silo De La Rochelle-Pallice
Priority to BR888805848A priority Critical patent/BR8805848A/en
Publication of WO1988006554A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988006554A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B27/00—Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or band; Baling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a machine for automatically forming bag packages held by straps for lifting and moving them, in particular for loading and unloading them on a transport vehicle.
  • a method and a machine for automatically forming bag packages held by straps for lifting and moving them for lifting and moving them, in particular for loading and unloading them on a transport vehicle.
  • Pre-assembled straps, of the net type are first spread out flat, then bags are placed one by one on the straps, being oriented in perpendicular directions from one layer to the other to ensure the stability of the package, after what the straps are raised around the package and are tightened and knotted by hand.
  • the packages thus formed can be lifted by a crane, a derrick or the like, to be loaded onto a transport vehicle. It sometimes happens that a package breaks up during lifting, due to improper strapping or improper storage of the bags, resulting in loss of product and risk of accident due to falling bags .
  • the packages of bags must be unloaded after their transport, it is often necessary to check and tighten or re-tie the straps, to try to avoid new bags falling during unloading.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to avoid these drawbacks, by means of a method and an automatic package forming machine, requiring no manual intervention and ensuring that the packages are kept in shape, in all circumstances.
  • the invention proposes for this purpose an automatic method of forming packages of bags held by straps, characterized in that it consists in forming at least two stacks of bags side by side, in having two parallel straps in closed loop around the stacks of bags, transverse to the bags, grab the middle part of the lower strand of each strap and pull it up between two stacks of bags to, on the one hand, tighten the strap around the stacks of bags and, on the other hand, form a suspension loop which extends vertically between the stacks of bags and allows the lifting of the package.
  • the strap according to the invention ensures aut ⁇ serrage bags against each other when lifting the package and thus prevents its dislocation and the fall of the bags.
  • the formation of the package does not require arranging the bags in crossed layers. On the contrary, it suffices to form stacks of bags side by side which are all oriented in the same direction, so that the automation of this operation does not pose any particular problems.
  • each strap plug is formed by a length of strap or card, the two ends of which cross over the stacks of bags and are attached to the strap.
  • each end of the strap is attached by self-tightening means to the upper end of the strap which is connected to its other end.
  • the strap which was tightened around the bag package at the start of lifting the package remains tight on the bag package when it is placed on a loading plane.
  • the tightness is kept during the transport of the packages of bags, so that, to unload them, it is enough to pass the suspension loop of each strap on a lifting hook, without the need to tighten or check the straps .
  • the aforementioned self-tightening means consists of a slip knot formed by the end of the strap tied on the upper strand connected to the other end of this strap.
  • the invention also provides a machine for automatically forming a package of bags, characterized in that it comprises means for placing two parallel straps in a closed loop around the location of at least two stacks of bags, transversely with respect to the bags, means for bringing bags and forming side by side at least two stacks of bags on said location, vertically movable lifting means between two stacks of bags for grasping the middle part of the lower end of each strap and pulling it up so tighten each strap around the stacks of bags and form a suspension loop between the stacks of bags, and to lift by means of these two loops the package formed by the stack of bags, and means for evacuating the package of bags thus formed.
  • this machine comprises a station for receiving the stacks of bags, a station for forming the straps in a closed loop, and means for transferring the straps in a closed loop to the station for receiving the stacks of bags.
  • the machine takes up a station for receiving stacks of bags, and a station for forming straps in a closed loop directly around the station for receiving stacks of bags.
  • the closed loop strap forming station comprises, for each strap, a first clamp mounted on a carriage for gripping and pulling a first end of a strap or of a cord wound on a reel, means for cutting a determined length of sa ⁇ gie or rope, a second clamp mounted on a carriage to grip and move the other end of this length of strap or rope, means for moving the carriages in opposite directions to one another in such a way that the two ends of the strap or of the rope intersect in the upper part of the strap loop, means for guiding this loop to give it a rectangular seam, and means for knotting each end of the strap on the upper strand which is connected to the other end of the strap.
  • knotting means comprise, for the ends of each strap, a mobile carriage carrying a rotary element making it possible to wind one end of the strap around the upper strand connected to the other end, and a clamp making it possible to grip and pull in loop the end of the strap through this winding, to form a noose on said upper strand connected to the other end of the strap.
  • the aforementioned lifting means comprise for example two vertical masts ending at their lower end by a hook for gripping the middle part of the lower strand of a strap, means for vertical displacement of these masts, and guide means for making pass each mast between the two upper strands knotted with the corresponding strap.
  • Such a machine fully automates the formation of bag packages and operates at a high rate, very much higher than that of a team of workers.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a package of bags formed according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a strap formed according to the invention j
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic elevational view of a machine according to the invention
  • - Figure 4 is a side view of this machine
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are elevational and side views, respectively, of an alternative embodiment of the machine according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 describe a package of bags formed according to the invention.
  • this package is formed by four stacks of bags 10, which can be bags of cereals, grain products, granules, powder, etc.
  • the four stacks of bags have substantially the same height and are juxtaposed in a transverse direction relative to the bags.
  • Each stack of bags is formed simply by stacking the bags 10 on top of each other.
  • the package of bags is held in shape by two straps 12, which extend transversely to the bags 10, each strap 12 being constituted by a closed loop which surrounds the four stacks of bags 10 and comprising a vertical loop 14 which s extends between the two middle stacks of bags 10, from the lower strand of the strap, to end above the stacks of bags, this loop 14 forming a means of suspension from a lifting member of any type.
  • each strap 12 is formed of a determined length of strap or rope, the two end parts of which cross on either side of the loop. vertical 14 on the upper face of the bag package.
  • Each end 16, 18 of the strap 12 is knotted on the upper strand 20, 22 respectively of the strap which is connected to the other end of this strap, the knot formed being a slip knot as shown in FIG. 2, so that when the two loops 14 of the straps are engaged on a hook of a lifting means and are pulled up, the nozzles formed by the ends 16, 18 of the strap tighten on the corresponding upper strand and move towards each other to come and tighten the central loop between them 14 and lock it in position.
  • each loop 14 exerts traction on the two upper strands 20, 22 of the corresponding strap, this traction having the effect of tightening the slip knot formed around the other strand and causing it to slide towards the central loop 14 to lock the latter in position.
  • Each strap 14 is therefore self-tightening around the package of stacks of bags and remains in the tight position when the package is placed on the ground or on a loading plane.
  • This strapping of a package of bags is therefore extremely safe and avoids, by self-tightening, the dropping of the bags when the package is lifted, while allowing extremely rapid disassembly of the straps, without destroying them.
  • the formation of the package is done very simply by transverse juxtaposition of stacks of bags.
  • the number of stacks of bags constituting the package is preferably an even number, to ensure the equili ⁇ brage of the package when it is lifted.
  • FIG. 3 to 5 show a first embodiment of an automatic package forming machine according to the invention.
  • This machine essentially comprises a station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags 10 intended to constitute a package, a station 26 for forming straps in a closed loop around the aforementioned station 24, means 28 for lifting a package, and means 30 package evacuation.
  • the station 24 for receiving the stacks of the bags comprises a tray 32 on which two tracers 34 which can be deviated are guided towards each other and opposite one another, in a horizontal transverse direction relative to the bags 10, by means of jacks 36.
  • Each carriage 34 is intended to support two stacks of bags 10 juxtaposed transversely.
  • the stacks of bags rest on horizontal rollers 38 between which are formed two passages 40 for receiving the lower strands of the two straps 12 which will enclose the package.
  • Each carriage 34 also includes vertical uprights 42 on its lateral side turned towards the outside of the station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags, these vertical uprights 42 carrying vertical rollers 44 for supporting and guiding the stacks of bags when they are transferred to the carriage 34, the uprights vertical 42 of a carriage forming between them passages for the straps 12.
  • a horizontal conveyor 46 carrying stacks of bags 10 at regular intervals makes it possible to transfer two stacks of bags transversely juxtaposed on each carriage 34, for the formation of a package.
  • a retaining and supporting member such as a plate 48 carried by a horizontal arm 50, cooperates with the upper part of the stacks of bags when they are transferred from the conveyor 46 onto a carriage 34.
  • This retaining member 48 allows 'ensure that the stacks of bags are correctly positioned on a carriage 34, in the transfer direction of the conveyor 46, while the rollers 44 carried by the vertical uprights 42 guide the stacks of bags in the horizontal perpendicular direction.
  • the station 26 for forming the straps comprises a frame which frames the station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags and which forms four vertical uprights 52 placed at the four corners of the station 24, four other vertical uprights 54 placed at a distance from the vertical uprights 52 , and four horizontal beams 56, 58 carried by the vertical uprights 52, 54 and extending transversely relative to the bags 10 carried by the carriages 34 of the station 24.
  • Two horizontal beams 56 extend over the entire length of the frame of the machine and carry the means for guiding two carriages 60 on each of which is fixed an arm 62 ending in a clamp 64 intended to grip the end of a strap or a rope.
  • the two horizontal beams 58 extend only on the left part of the frame in FIG. 3 and form the means for guiding a carriage 66 on which are fixed two arms 68 ending in a clamp 70 intended to grip the other end of sa ⁇ gie or rope.
  • a carriage 66 on which are fixed two arms 68 ending in a clamp 70 intended to grip the other end of sa ⁇ gie or rope.
  • At the left end of the frame in Figure 3 are two coils 72 on which are wound straps or ropes and which are rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis.
  • the sa ⁇ gie or rope "" 74 unwound from a reel 72 passes over rollers of a cutting station 76 carried by the frame.
  • Each vertical upright 52 supports, in the upper part, a pulley 78 for guiding the strap or the rope.
  • Each vertical upright 52 also carries two vertical rods 80 for guiding a carriage 82 vertically movable over substantially the entire height of the upright 52 and carrying a retractable pulley 84 for guiding the strap or the rope.
  • On one side of each vertical upright 52 is fixed, in the upper part, an arm 86 mounted pivoting about a horizontal axis between a vertical position and a horizontal position and which is provided, at its end, with a retractable roller 88 for guiding the strap or the rope, this roller 88 coming, in the horizontal position of the arm 86, in the immediate vicinity of the stacks of the bags carried by a carriage 34.
  • the station 28 for lifting the bag packages comprises two vertical masts 90 guided by rollers 92 above the station 30 for discharging the bag packages, the two masts 90 being aligned in the direction of supply of the stacks of bags and extending between the two carriages 34.
  • Each mast 90 comprises at its lower end two movable hooks 94 actuated by a jack, and is displaceable vertically, for example by counterweight means, between an upper position where its lower end is located at level of the bag package evacuation station 30, and a lower position where its lower end is slightly below the horizon ⁇ rate rollers 38 of the carriages 34, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the bag package evacuation station 30 comprises a carriage 96 supported and guided by two horizontal rails 98. Movable hooks 100 actuated by jacks 102 are provided on the carriage 96 for gripping the straps of a bag package.
  • the station 26 for forming the loops of straps also comprises, as can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, two central double pliers 104 intended to come to grip and tighten the two crossed upper strands of each strap, and four arms 106 retractable by pivoting , to support the upper strands of the two straps.
  • the central double clamps 104 are carried by arms 108 which can be pleated in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the plane of the strap loops.
  • Two depiacable trolleys 110 coaxialeme ⁇ t to the arms 108 each carry two devices for automatic formation of slip knots arranged on either side of the corresponding central double clamp 104 and each comprising a rotating member 110 in the form of a C whose end end comprises a perpendicular bar 114 for training one end of the strap, and a rod 116 extending through the rotating member 112 and ending in a clamp 118 for gripping the end of the strap.
  • the carriages 82 are lowered to the lower position, their pulleys 84 coming to engage the two straps, so that these take the shape of a U around carriages 34 and s 'engage in the passages 4Q formed between the horizontal rollers 38 carried by these carriages.
  • the two masts 90 are then lowered into their lower position, and the hooks 94 at their lower end are raised to engage the lower strands of the two straps.
  • each strap is cut at the cutting station 76, the other ends of the straps pulled by the carriages 60 are gripped by the clamps 70 mounted at the ends of the arms 68 of the carriage 66, and the latter is moved towards the right in FIG. 6c while the carriages 60 are moved to the left, so that the two ends of each strap cross on either side of the corresponding mast 90. In this position, the two upper strands of each strap pass over the rollers mounted at the ends of the pivoting arms 86 which have been raised in a vertical position.
  • each free end of a strap is wound on the upper strand connected to the other end of the same strap, then the pliers 118 of the horizontal rods 116 are closed to grip each free end of the corresponding strap and are moved back to pull this free end, forming a loop, through the winding of this free end around the upper strand connected to the other free end of the same strap.
  • the slip knots shown in FIG. 2 are thus obtained.
  • the carriages 110 are moved back, the central double pliers 104 are open and moved back, the carriages 60 and 66 return to their initial position, the pulleys 84 of the carriages 82 are retracted, the pivoting arms 86 carrying the retractable rollers 88 are brought into a horizontal position and their rollers are retracted, during the tightening of the straps around the packages of bags.
  • the two straps tighten around the packages of bags, their lower strands forming a vertical loop 14 between the packages of bags , by which the package is suspended from the hook of the corresponding mast.
  • the two carriages 34 move towards one another until the stacks of bags carried by these two carriages are in contact with one another.
  • the ascent of the masts 90 continues to the position shown in FIG. 6f where the package of bags is completely disengaged from the carriages 34 and is located above the latter.
  • the evacuation carriage 30 has been brought to the left end of the guide rails 98, and its hooks 100 engage in the vertical loops of the straps, which can then be released by the hooks 94 of the masts 90. Then we move the carriage 30 to the right, to evacuate the package of bags.
  • the masts 90 can be lowered into their lower position only when the straps have already been formed and the stacks of bags have already been brought to the carriage 34.
  • the machine of FIGS. 7 and 8 differs from that of FIGS. 3 to 5 essentially in that each strap is preformed into a station which is separated from the station for receiving the stacks of bags, to then be transferred to this station, before being tightly wrapped around a package of bags.
  • the machine of FIGS. 7 and 8 therefore comprises a station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags, a station 26 for forming the straps and two horizontal conveyors 120 and 122 for transferring the straps from the training station 26 to the station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags.
  • the station 26 for forming the straps comprises substantially the same means as in the foregoing embodiment, namely strap reels, cutting stations, carriages provided with clamps for gripping the ends of the straps and pulling them, retractable pulleys on which the straps pass, and automatic knotting devices forming slip knots at the ends of the straps.
  • the two conveyors 120 and 122 for transferring the straps cofnpr ⁇ nnent for example an endless chain 124 on which are fixed carriages 126 guided on rails 128.
  • Each carriage 126 comprises a pivoting arm 130 ending in a retractable pulley on which the strap passes .
  • An intermediate carriage 126 of the upper conveyor 120 carries a retractable sleeve 132 around which the two upper strands of a strap cross.
  • the plate 32 carrying the carriages 34 is mounted on a lifting system 134 of any type suitable for the positioning of the straps at station 24, the plate 32 being lowered to allow the passage of the arms 132 of the carriages 126 of the lower conveyor 122, then reassembled so that the lower strands of the straps engage in the passages provided for this purpose between the horizontal rollers of the carriages 34. Then, two stacks of bags can be brought to each carriage 34, while the 90 masts are lowered to the lower position to grip the lower strands of the straps. During their descent, the masts 90 pass through the sleeves 132 which are then retracted.
  • a machine according to the invention makes it possible to form and evacuate, in one hour, approximately 86 packages of 28 bags of 50 kg each, ie a total production of 2 400 bags per hour.
  • the straps used for these packages are approximately 10 m long and form a vertical loop approximately 40 cm long above the bags when they are tightened on the package.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)

Abstract

Process and machine for making up a parcel of bags from adjacent piles of bags and two straps (12) forming a closed loop, which encircle the piles of bags, transversally with respect to the bags, the lower part of the straps extending upwards between the piles of bags to form a central suspension loop (14) for lifting the parcel. The invention applies in particular to making up pile of bags of cereals or other products in grain or powder form.

Description

PROCEDE ET MACHINE DE FORMATION AUTOMATIQUE DE COLIS DE SACS MAINTENUS PAR DES SANGLES METHOD AND MACHINE FOR AUTOMATIC FORMATION OF BAG PACKAGES HOLDED BY STRAPS
L'invention concerne un procédé et une machine de formation automati¬ que de colis de sacs maintenus par des sangles pour leur levage et leur déplacement, notamment pour leur chargement et leur déchargement sur un véhicule de transport. Actuellement, la formation de colis de sacs de céréales, de granulés ou d'autres produits au moyen de sangles est une opération manuelle qui est longue et fastidieuse. Des sangles préassεmblées, du type filet, sont d'abord étalées à plat, puis des sacs sont posés un à un sur les sangles en étant orientés dans des directions perpendiculaires d'une couche à l'autre pour assurer la stabilité du colis, après quoi les sangles sont relevées autour du colis et sont serrées et nouées à la main.The invention relates to a method and a machine for automatically forming bag packages held by straps for lifting and moving them, in particular for loading and unloading them on a transport vehicle. Currently, the formation of packages of bags of cereals, granules or other products using straps is a manual operation which is long and tedious. Pre-assembled straps, of the net type, are first spread out flat, then bags are placed one by one on the straps, being oriented in perpendicular directions from one layer to the other to ensure the stability of the package, after what the straps are raised around the package and are tightened and knotted by hand.
Les colis ainsi formés peuvent être soulevés par une grue, un mât de charge ou analogue, pour être chargés sur un véhicule de transport. Il arrive parfois qu'un colis se disloque en cours de levage, en raison d'un mauvais sanglage ou d'un mauvais rangement des sacs, d'où une perte de produit et des risques d'accident par suite de la chute des sacs. Lorsque les colis de sacs doivent être déchargés après leur transport, il est souvent nécessaire de vérifier et de reserrer ou de renouer les sangles, pour essayer d'éviter de nouvelles chutes de sacs lors du déchargement. L'invention a notamment pour but d'éviter ces inconvénients, grâce à un procédé et une machine de formation automatique de colis, ne nécessitant aucune intervention manuelle et assurant un maintien en forme des colis, dans toutes les circonstances.The packages thus formed can be lifted by a crane, a derrick or the like, to be loaded onto a transport vehicle. It sometimes happens that a package breaks up during lifting, due to improper strapping or improper storage of the bags, resulting in loss of product and risk of accident due to falling bags . When the packages of bags must be unloaded after their transport, it is often necessary to check and tighten or re-tie the straps, to try to avoid new bags falling during unloading. The object of the invention is in particular to avoid these drawbacks, by means of a method and an automatic package forming machine, requiring no manual intervention and ensuring that the packages are kept in shape, in all circumstances.
L'invention propose à cet effet un procédé de formation automatique de colis de sacs maintenus par des sangles, caractérisé en ce αu'il consiste à former côte à côte au moins deux piles de sacs, à disposer deux sangles parallèles en boucle fermée autour des piles de sacs, transversalement par rapport aux sacs, à saisir la partie médiane du brin inférieur de chaque sangle et à la tirer vers le haut entre deux piles de sacs pour, d'une part, serrer la sangle autour des piles de sacs et, d'autre part, former une boucle de suspension qui s'étend verticalement entre les piles de sacs et permet le levage du colis. Le sanglage selon l'invention assure un autαserrage des sacs les uns contre les autres lors du levage du colis et empêche ainsi sa dislocation et la chute des sacs. De plus, la formation du colis ne nécessite pas de disposer les sacs par couches croisées. Il suffit au contraire de former côte à côte des piles de sacs qui sont tous orientés dans la même direction, de sorte que l'automatisation de cette opération ne pose pas de problèmes particuliers.The invention proposes for this purpose an automatic method of forming packages of bags held by straps, characterized in that it consists in forming at least two stacks of bags side by side, in having two parallel straps in closed loop around the stacks of bags, transverse to the bags, grab the middle part of the lower strand of each strap and pull it up between two stacks of bags to, on the one hand, tighten the strap around the stacks of bags and, on the other hand, form a suspension loop which extends vertically between the stacks of bags and allows the lifting of the package. The strap according to the invention ensures autαserrage bags against each other when lifting the package and thus prevents its dislocation and the fall of the bags. In addition, the formation of the package does not require arranging the bags in crossed layers. On the contrary, it suffices to form stacks of bags side by side which are all oriented in the same direction, so that the automation of this operation does not pose any particular problems.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chaque boucie de sangle est constituée par une longueur de sangle ou de carde, dont les deux extrémités se croisent au-dessus des piles de sacs et sont attachées à la sangle.According to another characteristic of the invention, each strap plug is formed by a length of strap or card, the two ends of which cross over the stacks of bags and are attached to the strap.
Avantageusement, on attache, par un moyen autoserrant, chaque extré¬ mité de la sangle au brin supérieur de la sangle qui est relié à son autre extrémité.Advantageously, each end of the strap is attached by self-tightening means to the upper end of the strap which is connected to its other end.
Ainsi, la sangle qui a été serrée autour du colis de sacs au début du levage du colis, sous l'effet du poids de celui-ci, reste serrée sur le colis de sacs lorsque celui-ci est déposé sur un pian de chargement. Le serrage est conservé pendant le transport des colis de sacs, de sorte que, pour les décharger, il suffit de passer la boucle de suspension de chaque sangle sur un crochet de levage, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de reserrer ou de vérifier les sangles.Thus, the strap which was tightened around the bag package at the start of lifting the package, under the effect of the weight thereof, remains tight on the bag package when it is placed on a loading plane. The tightness is kept during the transport of the packages of bags, so that, to unload them, it is enough to pass the suspension loop of each strap on a lifting hook, without the need to tighten or check the straps .
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le moyen autoserrant précité est constitué par un nœud coulant formé par l'extrémité de la sangle nouée sur le brin supérieur relié à l'autre extrémité de cette sangle.According to another characteristic of the invention, the aforementioned self-tightening means consists of a slip knot formed by the end of the strap tied on the upper strand connected to the other end of this strap.
Ainsi, au levage du colis, les nœuds formés par les extrémités de la sangle se serrent et se bloquent automatiquement sur la boucle de suspen¬ sion. Pour défaire le colis de sacs après son déchargement, il suffit de tirer sur chaque extrémité de la sangle, ce qui a pour effet de dénouer les nœuds coulants et de libérer complètement la sangle.Thus, when the package is lifted, the knots formed by the ends of the strap tighten and lock automatically on the suspen¬ sion loop. To undo the parcel of bags after unloading, simply pull on each end of the strap, which has the effect of untying the noose and completely releasing the strap.
L'invention propose également une machine de formation automatique de colis de sacs, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des moyens pour disposer deux sangles parallèles en boucle fermée autour de emplacement d'au moins deux piles de sacs, transversalement par rapport aux sacs, des moyens pour amener des sacs et former côte à côte au moins deux piles de sacs sur ledit emplacement, des moyens de levage verticalement déplacables entre deux piles de sacs pour saisir la partie médiane du brin inférieur de chaque sangle et la tirer vers le haut afin de serrer chaque sangle autour des piles de sacs et de former une boucle de suspension entre les piles de sacs, et pour lever au moyen de ces deux boucles le colis formé par la pile de sacs, et des moyens d'évacuation du colis de sacs ainsi formé.The invention also provides a machine for automatically forming a package of bags, characterized in that it comprises means for placing two parallel straps in a closed loop around the location of at least two stacks of bags, transversely with respect to the bags, means for bringing bags and forming side by side at least two stacks of bags on said location, vertically movable lifting means between two stacks of bags for grasping the middle part of the lower end of each strap and pulling it up so tighten each strap around the stacks of bags and form a suspension loop between the stacks of bags, and to lift by means of these two loops the package formed by the stack of bags, and means for evacuating the package of bags thus formed.
Selon une première forme de réalisation de l'invention, cette machine comprend un poste de réception des piles de sacs, un poste de formation des sangies en boucle fermée, et des moyens de transfert des sangles en boucle fermée jusqu'au poste de réception des piles de sacs.According to a first embodiment of the invention, this machine comprises a station for receiving the stacks of bags, a station for forming the straps in a closed loop, and means for transferring the straps in a closed loop to the station for receiving the stacks of bags.
Selon une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, la machine com¬ prend un poste de réception des piles de sacs, et un poste de formation des sangles en boucle fermée directement autour du poste de réception des piles de sacs.According to another embodiment of the invention, the machine takes up a station for receiving stacks of bags, and a station for forming straps in a closed loop directly around the station for receiving stacks of bags.
Le poste de formation des sangles en boucle fermée comprend, pour chaque sangle, une première pince montée sur un chariot pour saisir et tirer une première extrémité d'une sangle ou d'une corde enroulée sur une bobine, des moyens de coupe d'une longueur déterminée de saπgie ou de corde, une seconde pince montée sur un chariot pour saisir et déplacer l'autre extrémi¬ té de cette longueur de sangle ou de corde, des moyens de déplacement des chariots en sens inverse l'un de l'autre de telle sorte que les deux extrémités de la sangle ou de la corde se croisent dans la partie supérieure de la boucle de sangle, des moyens de guidage de cette boucle pour lui donner un coutour rectangulaire, et des moyens de nouage de chaque extrémité de la sangle sur le brin supérieur qui est relié à l'autre extrémité de la sangle.The closed loop strap forming station comprises, for each strap, a first clamp mounted on a carriage for gripping and pulling a first end of a strap or of a cord wound on a reel, means for cutting a determined length of saπgie or rope, a second clamp mounted on a carriage to grip and move the other end of this length of strap or rope, means for moving the carriages in opposite directions to one another in such a way that the two ends of the strap or of the rope intersect in the upper part of the strap loop, means for guiding this loop to give it a rectangular seam, and means for knotting each end of the strap on the upper strand which is connected to the other end of the strap.
Ces moyens de nouage comprennent, pour les extrémités de chaque sangle, un chariot mobile portant un élément rotatif permettant d'enrouler une extrémité de la sangle autour du brin supérieur relié à l'autre extrémité, et une pince permettant de saisir et de tirer en boucle l'extrémité de la sangle à travers cet enroulement, pour former un nœud coulant sur ledit brin supérieur relié à l'autre extrémité de la sangle.These knotting means comprise, for the ends of each strap, a mobile carriage carrying a rotary element making it possible to wind one end of the strap around the upper strand connected to the other end, and a clamp making it possible to grip and pull in loop the end of the strap through this winding, to form a noose on said upper strand connected to the other end of the strap.
Les moyens de levage précités comprennent par exemple deux mâts verticaux se terminant à leur extrémité inférieure par un crochet de prise de la partie médiane du brin inférieur d'une sangle, des moyens de déplacement vertical de ces mâts, et des moyens de guidage pour faire passer chaque mât entre les deux brins supérieurs noués de la sangle correspondante.The aforementioned lifting means comprise for example two vertical masts ending at their lower end by a hook for gripping the middle part of the lower strand of a strap, means for vertical displacement of these masts, and guide means for making pass each mast between the two upper strands knotted with the corresponding strap.
Une telle machine permet d'automatiser complètement la formation des colis de sacs et fonctionne à une cadence élevée, très nettement supérieure à celle d'une équipe d'ouvriers.Such a machine fully automates the formation of bag packages and operates at a high rate, very much higher than that of a team of workers.
L'invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, faite à titre d'exemple en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :The invention will be better understood, and other details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear on reading the description which follows, given by way of example with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- La figure 1 représente schématiquement un colis de sacs formé selon l'invention ;- Figure 1 schematically shows a package of bags formed according to the invention;
- La figure 2 est une vue schématique d'une sangle formée selon l'invention j- Figure 2 is a schematic view of a strap formed according to the invention j
- La figure 3 est une vue schématique en élévation d'une machine selon l'invention ; - La figure 4 est une vue de côté de cette machine ;- Figure 3 is a schematic elevational view of a machine according to the invention; - Figure 4 is a side view of this machine;
- La figure 5 est une vue de dessus de cette machine ;- Figure 5 is a top view of this machine;
- Les figures 6a à 6f représentent schématiquement les différentes phases de la formation d'un colis sur cette machine ;- Figures 6a to 6f schematically represent the different phases of the formation of a package on this machine;
- Les figures 7 et 8 sont des vues en élévation et de côté, respective- ment, d'une variante de réalisation de la machine selon l'invention.- Figures 7 and 8 are elevational and side views, respectively, of an alternative embodiment of the machine according to the invention.
On se réfère d'abord aux figures 1 et 2 pour décrire un colis de sacs formé selon l'invention.Reference is first made to FIGS. 1 and 2 to describe a package of bags formed according to the invention.
Comme représenté en figure 1, ce colis est formé de quatre piles de sacs 10, qui peuvent être des sacs de céréales, de produits en grains, en granulés, en poudre, etc.... Les quatre piles de sacs ont sensiblement la même hauteur et sont juxtaposées dans une direction transversale par rapport aux sacs. Chaque pile de sacs est formée simplement par empilage des sacs 10 les uns sur les autres. Le colis de sacs est maintenu en forme par deux sangles 12, qui s'étendent transversalement par rapport aux sacs 10, chaque sangle 12 étant constituée par une boucle fermée qui entoure les quatre piles de sacs 10 et comprenant une boucle verticale 14 qui s'étend entre les deux piles médianes de sacs 10, depuis le brin inférieur de la sangle, pour se terminer au-dessus des piles de sacs, cette boucle 14 formant un moyen de suspension à un organe de levage d'un type quelconque. Dans la forme de réalisation représentée, et comme on le voit mieux en figure 2, chaque sangle 12 est formée d'une longueur déterminée de sangle ou de corde dont les deux parties d'extrémité se croisent de part et d'autre de La boucle verticale 14 sur la face supérieure du colis de sacs. Chaque extrémité 16, 18 de la sangle 12 est nouée sur le brin supérieur 20, 22 respectivement de la sangle qui est relié à l'autre extrémité de cette sangle, le nœud formé étant un nœud coulant comme représenté en figure 2, de telle sorte que, lorsque les deux boucles 14 des sangles sont engagées sur un crochet d'un moyen de levage et sont tirées vers le haut, les nœuds coulants formés par les extrémités 16, 18 de la sangle se serrent sur le brin supérieur correspon¬ dant et se déplacent l'un vers l'autre pour venir serrer entre eux la boucle centrale 14 et la bloquer en position. Plus précisément, lorsque le colis est soulevé, chaque boucle 14 exerce une traction sur les deux brins supérieurs 20, 22 de la sangle correspondante, cette traction ayant pour effet de serrer le nœud coulant formé autour de l'autre brin et de le faire coulisser vers la boucle centrale 14 pour bloquer celle-ci en position. Chaque sangle 14 est donc autoserrante autour du colis de piles de sacs et reste en position serrée lorsque le colis est déposé sur le sol ou sur un pian de chargement. Toutefois, pour déserrer chaque sangle et avoir accès aux sacs, il suffit de tirer sur les deux extrémités 16, 18 de la sangle, ce qui défait les nœuds coulants et libère complètement la sangle qui retrouve la forme d'une longueur de sangle ou de corde. Ce sanglage d'un colis de sacs est donc extrêmement sûr et évite, par autoserrage, la chute des sacs lorsque le colis est soulevé, tout en permettant un démontage extrêmement rapide des sangles, sans destruction de celles-ci. De plus, la formation du colis se fait très simplement par juxtaposition transversale de piles de sacs. Le nombre de piles de sacs constituant le colis est de préférence un nombre pair, pour assurer l'équili¬ brage du colis lorsque celui-ci est soulevé.As shown in Figure 1, this package is formed by four stacks of bags 10, which can be bags of cereals, grain products, granules, powder, etc. The four stacks of bags have substantially the same height and are juxtaposed in a transverse direction relative to the bags. Each stack of bags is formed simply by stacking the bags 10 on top of each other. The package of bags is held in shape by two straps 12, which extend transversely to the bags 10, each strap 12 being constituted by a closed loop which surrounds the four stacks of bags 10 and comprising a vertical loop 14 which s extends between the two middle stacks of bags 10, from the lower strand of the strap, to end above the stacks of bags, this loop 14 forming a means of suspension from a lifting member of any type. In the embodiment shown, and as best seen in FIG. 2, each strap 12 is formed of a determined length of strap or rope, the two end parts of which cross on either side of the loop. vertical 14 on the upper face of the bag package. Each end 16, 18 of the strap 12 is knotted on the upper strand 20, 22 respectively of the strap which is connected to the other end of this strap, the knot formed being a slip knot as shown in FIG. 2, so that when the two loops 14 of the straps are engaged on a hook of a lifting means and are pulled up, the nozzles formed by the ends 16, 18 of the strap tighten on the corresponding upper strand and move towards each other to come and tighten the central loop between them 14 and lock it in position. More specifically, when the package is lifted, each loop 14 exerts traction on the two upper strands 20, 22 of the corresponding strap, this traction having the effect of tightening the slip knot formed around the other strand and causing it to slide towards the central loop 14 to lock the latter in position. Each strap 14 is therefore self-tightening around the package of stacks of bags and remains in the tight position when the package is placed on the ground or on a loading plane. However, to loosen each strap and have access to the bags, it suffices to pull on the two ends 16, 18 of the strap, which undoes the noose knots and completely releases the strap which regains the shape of a length of strap or rope. This strapping of a package of bags is therefore extremely safe and avoids, by self-tightening, the dropping of the bags when the package is lifted, while allowing extremely rapid disassembly of the straps, without destroying them. In addition, the formation of the package is done very simply by transverse juxtaposition of stacks of bags. The number of stacks of bags constituting the package is preferably an even number, to ensure the equili¬ brage of the package when it is lifted.
On se réfère maintenant aux figures 3 à 5 qui représentent une première forme de réalisation d'une machine de formation automatique de colis selon l'invention. Cette machine comprend essentiellement un poste 24 de réception des piles de sacs 10 destinées à constituer un colis, un poste 26 de formation des sangles en boucle fermée autour du poste 24 précité, des moyens 28 de levage d'un colis, et des moyens 30 d'évacuation du colis.Referring now to Figures 3 to 5 which show a first embodiment of an automatic package forming machine according to the invention. This machine essentially comprises a station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags 10 intended to constitute a package, a station 26 for forming straps in a closed loop around the aforementioned station 24, means 28 for lifting a package, and means 30 package evacuation.
Le poste 24 de réception des piles des sacs comprend un plateau 32 sur lequel sont guidés deux chariots 34 dépiacables l'un vers l'autre et à l'opposé l'un de l'autre, dans une direction horizontale transversale par rapport aux sacs 10, au moyen de vérins 36. Chaque chariot 34 est destiné à supporter deux piles de sacs 10 juxtaposées transversalement. Les piles de sacs reposent sur des rouleaux horizonaux 38 entre lesquels sont formés deux passages 40 de réception des brins inférieurs des deux sangles 12 qui vont enserrer le colis.The station 24 for receiving the stacks of the bags comprises a tray 32 on which two tracers 34 which can be deviated are guided towards each other and opposite one another, in a horizontal transverse direction relative to the bags 10, by means of jacks 36. Each carriage 34 is intended to support two stacks of bags 10 juxtaposed transversely. The stacks of bags rest on horizontal rollers 38 between which are formed two passages 40 for receiving the lower strands of the two straps 12 which will enclose the package.
Chaque chariot 34 comprend également des montants verticaux 42 sur son côté latéral tourné vers l'extérieur du poste 24 de réception des piles de sacs, ces montants verticaux 42 portant des rouleaux verticaux 44 pour l'appui et le guidage des piles de sacs lorsqu'elles sont tranférées sur le chariot 34, les montants verticaux 42 d'un chariot ménageant entre eux des passages pour les sangles 12.Each carriage 34 also includes vertical uprights 42 on its lateral side turned towards the outside of the station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags, these vertical uprights 42 carrying vertical rollers 44 for supporting and guiding the stacks of bags when they are transferred to the carriage 34, the uprights vertical 42 of a carriage forming between them passages for the straps 12.
Comme on le voit en figure 4, un convoyeur horizontal 46 portant des piles de sacs 10 à intervalles réguliers permet de transférer deux piles de sacs transversalement juxtaposées sur chaque chariot 34, pour la formation d'un colis. Un organe de retenue et d'appui, tel qu'une plaque 48 portée par un bras horizontal 50, coopère avec la partie supérieure des piles de sacs lors de leur transfert du convoyeur 46 sur un chariot 34. Cet organe de retenue 48 permet d'assurer que les piles de sacs sont correctement positionnées sur un chariot 34, dans la direction de transfert du convoyeur 46, tandis que les rouleaux 44 portés par les montants verticaux 42 assurent le guidage des piles de sacs dans la direction horizontale perpendiculaire.As can be seen in FIG. 4, a horizontal conveyor 46 carrying stacks of bags 10 at regular intervals makes it possible to transfer two stacks of bags transversely juxtaposed on each carriage 34, for the formation of a package. A retaining and supporting member, such as a plate 48 carried by a horizontal arm 50, cooperates with the upper part of the stacks of bags when they are transferred from the conveyor 46 onto a carriage 34. This retaining member 48 allows 'ensure that the stacks of bags are correctly positioned on a carriage 34, in the transfer direction of the conveyor 46, while the rollers 44 carried by the vertical uprights 42 guide the stacks of bags in the horizontal perpendicular direction.
Le poste 26 de formation des sangles comprend un bâti qui encadre le poste 24 de réception des piles de sacs et qui forme de quatre montants verticaux 52 placés aux quatre coins du poste 24, de quatre autres montants verticaux 54 placés à distance des montants verticaux 52, et de quatre poutres horizontales 56, 58 portées par les montants verticaux 52, 54 et s'étendant transversalement par rapport aux sacs 10 portés par les chariots 34 du poste 24. Deux poutres horizontales 56 s'étendent sur toute la longueur du bâti de la machine et portent les moyens de guidage de deux chariots 60 sur chacun desquels est fixé un bras 62 se terminant par une pince 64 destinée à saisir l'extrémité d'une sangle ou d'une corde.The station 26 for forming the straps comprises a frame which frames the station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags and which forms four vertical uprights 52 placed at the four corners of the station 24, four other vertical uprights 54 placed at a distance from the vertical uprights 52 , and four horizontal beams 56, 58 carried by the vertical uprights 52, 54 and extending transversely relative to the bags 10 carried by the carriages 34 of the station 24. Two horizontal beams 56 extend over the entire length of the frame of the machine and carry the means for guiding two carriages 60 on each of which is fixed an arm 62 ending in a clamp 64 intended to grip the end of a strap or a rope.
Les deux poutres horizontales 58 s'étendent uniquement sur la partie gauche du bâti en figure 3 et forment les moyens de guidage d'un chariot 66 sur lequel sont fixés deux bras 68 se terminant par une pince 70 destinée à saisir l'autre extrémité de la saπgie ou de la corde. A l'extrémité gauche du bâti en figure 3 se trouvent deux bobines 72 sur lesquelles sont enroulées des sangles ou des cordes et qui sont montées à rotation autour d'un axe horizontal. La saπgie ou corde ""74 déroulée d'une bobine 72 passe sur des rouleaux d'un poste de coupe 76 porté par le bâti.The two horizontal beams 58 extend only on the left part of the frame in FIG. 3 and form the means for guiding a carriage 66 on which are fixed two arms 68 ending in a clamp 70 intended to grip the other end of saπgie or rope. At the left end of the frame in Figure 3 are two coils 72 on which are wound straps or ropes and which are rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis. The saπgie or rope "" 74 unwound from a reel 72 passes over rollers of a cutting station 76 carried by the frame.
Chaque montant vertical 52 supporte, en partie supérieure, une poulie 78 de guidage de la sangle ou de la corde. Chaque montant vertical 52 porte également deux tiges verticales 80 de guidage d'un chariot 82 verticalement déplacable sur sensiblement toute la hauteur du montant 52 et portant une poulie escamotable 84 de guidage de la sangle ou de la corde. Sur un côté de chaque montant vertical 52 est fixé, en partie supérieure, un bras 86 monté pivotant autour d'un axe horizontal entre une position verticale et une position horizontale et qui est muni, à son extrémité, d'un rouleau escamota- ble 88 de guidage de la sangle ou de la corde, ce rouleau 88 venant, dans la position horizontale du bras 86, au voisinage immédiat des piles des sacs portées par un chariot 34.Each vertical upright 52 supports, in the upper part, a pulley 78 for guiding the strap or the rope. Each vertical upright 52 also carries two vertical rods 80 for guiding a carriage 82 vertically movable over substantially the entire height of the upright 52 and carrying a retractable pulley 84 for guiding the strap or the rope. On one side of each vertical upright 52 is fixed, in the upper part, an arm 86 mounted pivoting about a horizontal axis between a vertical position and a horizontal position and which is provided, at its end, with a retractable roller 88 for guiding the strap or the rope, this roller 88 coming, in the horizontal position of the arm 86, in the immediate vicinity of the stacks of the bags carried by a carriage 34.
Le poste 28 de levage des colis de sacs comprend deux mâts verticaux 90 guidés par des galets 92 au-dessus du poste 30 d'évacuation des colis de sacs, les deux mâts 90 étant alignés dans la direction d'amenée des piles de sacs et s'éteπdant entre les deux chariots 34. Chaque mât 90 comprend à son extrémité inférieure deux crochets mobiles 94 actionnés par un vérin, et est déplacable verticalement, par exemple par des moyens à contrepoids, entre une position supérieure où son extrémité inférieure se trouve au niveau du poste 30 d'évacuation des colis de sacs, et une position inférieure où son extrémité inférieure se trouve légèrement en-dessous des rouleaux horizon¬ taux 38 des chariots 34, comme représenté en figure 3.The station 28 for lifting the bag packages comprises two vertical masts 90 guided by rollers 92 above the station 30 for discharging the bag packages, the two masts 90 being aligned in the direction of supply of the stacks of bags and extending between the two carriages 34. Each mast 90 comprises at its lower end two movable hooks 94 actuated by a jack, and is displaceable vertically, for example by counterweight means, between an upper position where its lower end is located at level of the bag package evacuation station 30, and a lower position where its lower end is slightly below the horizon¬ rate rollers 38 of the carriages 34, as shown in FIG. 3.
Le poste 30 d'évacuation des colis de sacs comprend un chariot 96 supporté et guidé par deux rails horizontaux 98. Des crochets mobiles 100 actionnés par des vérins 102 sont prévus sur le chariot 96 pour saisir les sangles d'un colis de sacs.The bag package evacuation station 30 comprises a carriage 96 supported and guided by two horizontal rails 98. Movable hooks 100 actuated by jacks 102 are provided on the carriage 96 for gripping the straps of a bag package.
Le poste 26 de formation des boucles de sangles comprend encore, comme on le voit sur les figures 4 et 5, deux doubles pinces centrales 104 destinées à venir saisir et serrer les deux brins supérieurs croisés de chaque sangle, et quatre bras 106 escamotables par pivotement, pour le support des brins supérieurs des deux sangles. Les doubles pinces centrales 104 sont portées par des bras 108 dépiacables en direction horizontale perpendicu¬ lairement au plan des boucles de sangle. Deux chariots 110 dépiacables coaxialemeπt aux bras 108 portent chacun deux dispositifs de formation automatique de nœuds coulants disposés de part et d'autre de la double pince centrale 104 correspondante et comprenant chacun un organe tournant 110 en forme de C dont ane extrémité comprend une barre perpendiculaire 114 d'entrainεment d'une extrémité de la sangle, et une tige 116 s'étendant à travers l'organe tournant 112 et se terminant par un pince 118 de prise de l'extrémité de la sangle.The station 26 for forming the loops of straps also comprises, as can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, two central double pliers 104 intended to come to grip and tighten the two crossed upper strands of each strap, and four arms 106 retractable by pivoting , to support the upper strands of the two straps. The central double clamps 104 are carried by arms 108 which can be pleated in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the plane of the strap loops. Two depiacable trolleys 110 coaxialemeπt to the arms 108 each carry two devices for automatic formation of slip knots arranged on either side of the corresponding central double clamp 104 and each comprising a rotating member 110 in the form of a C whose end end comprises a perpendicular bar 114 for training one end of the strap, and a rod 116 extending through the rotating member 112 and ending in a clamp 118 for gripping the end of the strap.
Le fonctionnement de cette machine va maintenant être décrit en référence aux figures 6a à 6f. Dans la première phase de formation d'un colis (figure 6a), les chariots 34 sont écartés l'un de l'autre et ne portent pas de piles de sacs. Les deux chariots 60 ont été déplacés vers la gauche de la figure pour saisir au moyen de leur pince 64 l'extrémité d'une sangle à la sortie du poste de coupe 76. Les deux chariots 60 sont ensuite déplacés vers la droite, comme représenté en figure 6a, pour dérouler chacun une longueur de sangle prédéterminée à partir de la bobine correspondante 72. Les chariots 82 verticalement dépiacables sur les montants verticaux 52 ont été auparavant relevés, de façon à ce que leur poulie escamotable 84 se trouve au-dessus des sangles tirées par les chariots 60.The operation of this machine will now be described with reference to Figures 6a to 6f. In the first phase of forming a package (Figure 6a), the carriages 34 are spaced from each other and do not carry stacks of bags. The two carriages 60 have been moved to the left of the figure to grasp by means of their pliers 64 the end of a strap at the outlet of the cutting station 76. The two carriages 60 are then moved to the right, as shown in FIG. 6a, in order to unwind each a predetermined strap length from the corresponding reel 72. The carriages 82 vertically depiacable on the vertical uprights 52 have been previously raised, so that their retractable pulley 84 is located above the straps pulled by carts 60.
Dans la deuxième phase du fonctionnement, représentée en figure 6b, les chariots 82 sont descendus en position inférieure, leur poulies 84 venant engager les deux sangles, de telle sorte que celles-ci prennent la forme d'un U autour de chariots 34 et s'engagent dans les passages 4Q ménagés entre les rouleaux horizontaux 38 portés par ces chariots. Les deux mâts 90 sont ensuite descendus dans leur position inférieure, et les crochets 94 à leur extrémité inférieure sont relevés pour engager les brins inférieurs des deux sangles.In the second phase of operation, represented in FIG. 6b, the carriages 82 are lowered to the lower position, their pulleys 84 coming to engage the two straps, so that these take the shape of a U around carriages 34 and s 'engage in the passages 4Q formed between the horizontal rollers 38 carried by these carriages. The two masts 90 are then lowered into their lower position, and the hooks 94 at their lower end are raised to engage the lower strands of the two straps.
Dans la troisième phase du fonctionnement, chaque sangle est coupée au poste de coupe 76, les autres extrémités des sangles tirées par les chariots 60 sont saisies par les pinces 70 montées aux extrémités des bras 68 du chariot 66, et celui-ci est déplacé vers la droite en figure 6c tandis que les chariots 60 sont déplacés vers la gauche, de telle sorte que les deux extrémités de chaque sangle se croisent de part et d'autre du mât correspon- dant 90. Dans cette position, les deux brins supérieurs de chaque sangle passent sur les rouleaux montés aux extrémités des bras pivotants 86 qui ont été relevés en position verticale.In the third phase of operation, each strap is cut at the cutting station 76, the other ends of the straps pulled by the carriages 60 are gripped by the clamps 70 mounted at the ends of the arms 68 of the carriage 66, and the latter is moved towards the right in FIG. 6c while the carriages 60 are moved to the left, so that the two ends of each strap cross on either side of the corresponding mast 90. In this position, the two upper strands of each strap pass over the rollers mounted at the ends of the pivoting arms 86 which have been raised in a vertical position.
Dans la phase suivante, représentée en figure 6d, deux piles de sacs 10 sont amenées sur chaque chariot 34 tandis que les extrémités des sangles sont nouées sur les brins supérieurs des saπgies pour former deux boucles telles que représentées dans les figures 1 et 2. Pour cela, les doubles pinces centrales 104 sont avancées et serrées sur les brins supérieurs des sangles, qui sont également soutenus par les bras 106, et les chariots 110 portant les dispositifs de nouage sont avancés en position de service. Par rotation de 360 ° des organes tournants 112, chaque extrémité libre d'une sangle est enroulée sur le brin supérieur relié à l'autre extrémité de la même sangle, puis les pinces 118 des tiges horizontales 116 sont refermées pour saisir chacune l'extrémité libre de la sangle correspondante et sont reculées pour tirer cette extrémité libre, en formant une boucle, à travers l'enroulement de cette extrémité libre autour du brin supérieur relié à l'autre extrémité libre de la même sangle. On obtient ainsi les nœuds coulants représentés en figure 2. A la fin de l'opération de nouage, les chariots 110 sont reculés, les doubles pinces centrales 104 sont ouvertes et reculées, les chariots 60 et 66 reviennent à leur position initiale, les poulies 84 des chariots 82 sont escamotées, les bras pivotants 86 portant les rouleaux escamotables 88 sont amenés en position horizontale et leurs rouleaux sont escamotés, au cours du serrage des sangles autour des colis de sacs. Pour cela, il suffit, comme représenté en figure 6e, de relever les mâts 90. Au cours de cette remontée des mâts, les deux sangles se serrent autour des colis de sacs, leur brins inférieurs formant une boucle verticale 14 entre les colis de sacs, par laquelle le colis est suspendu au crochet du mât correspondant. Au cours de ce serrage, les deux chariots 34 se rapprochent l'un de l'autre jusqu'à ce que les piles de sacs portées par ces deux chariots soient en appui les unes sur les autres.In the following phase, represented in FIG. 6d, two stacks of bags 10 are brought to each carriage 34 while the ends of the straps are knotted on the upper strands of the saπgies to form two loops as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2. For this, the central double clamps 104 are advanced and tightened on the upper strands of the straps, which are also supported by the arms 106, and the carriages 110 carrying the knotting devices are advanced into the service position. By 360 ° rotation of the rotating members 112, each free end of a strap is wound on the upper strand connected to the other end of the same strap, then the pliers 118 of the horizontal rods 116 are closed to grip each free end of the corresponding strap and are moved back to pull this free end, forming a loop, through the winding of this free end around the upper strand connected to the other free end of the same strap. The slip knots shown in FIG. 2 are thus obtained. At the end of the knotting operation, the carriages 110 are moved back, the central double pliers 104 are open and moved back, the carriages 60 and 66 return to their initial position, the pulleys 84 of the carriages 82 are retracted, the pivoting arms 86 carrying the retractable rollers 88 are brought into a horizontal position and their rollers are retracted, during the tightening of the straps around the packages of bags. For this, it suffices, as shown in FIG. 6e, to raise the masts 90. During this ascent of the masts, the two straps tighten around the packages of bags, their lower strands forming a vertical loop 14 between the packages of bags , by which the package is suspended from the hook of the corresponding mast. During this tightening, the two carriages 34 move towards one another until the stacks of bags carried by these two carriages are in contact with one another.
La remontée des mâts 90 se poursuit jusqu'à la position représentée en figure 6f où le colis de sacs est complètement dégagé des chariots 34 et se trouve au-dessus de ces derniers. Le chariot d'évacuation 30 a été amené à l'extrémité gauche des rails de guidage 98, et ses crochets 100 s'engagent dans les boucles verticales des sangles, qui peuvent alors être relâchées par les crochets 94 des mâts 90. On déplace ensuite le chariot 30 vers la droite, pour évacuer le colis de sacs. En variante, les mâts 90 peuvent être descendus dans leur position inférieure uniquement lorsque les sangles ont déjà été formées et que les piles de sacs ont déjà été amenées sur le chariot 34. Dans ce cas, il suffit de disposer un fourreau escamotable entre les brins supérieurs des sangles, de former les nœuds coulants des extrémités des sangles de part et d'autre de ce fourreau, puis, lorsque nécessaire, de descendre les mâts 90 à l'intérieur de ces fourreaux et d'escamoter ensuite les fourreaux.The ascent of the masts 90 continues to the position shown in FIG. 6f where the package of bags is completely disengaged from the carriages 34 and is located above the latter. The evacuation carriage 30 has been brought to the left end of the guide rails 98, and its hooks 100 engage in the vertical loops of the straps, which can then be released by the hooks 94 of the masts 90. Then we move the carriage 30 to the right, to evacuate the package of bags. As a variant, the masts 90 can be lowered into their lower position only when the straps have already been formed and the stacks of bags have already been brought to the carriage 34. In this case, it suffices to have a retractable sheath between the strands upper straps, form the noose at the ends of the straps on either side of this sheath, then, when necessary, lower the masts 90 inside these sheaths and then retract the sheaths.
On se réfère maintenant aux figures 7 et 8 qui représentent schémati¬ quement une variante de réalisation de la machine selon l'invention.We now refer to Figures 7 and 8 which schematically represent an alternative embodiment of the machine according to the invention.
La machine des figures 7 et 8 diffère de celle des figures 3 à 5 essentiellement en ce que chaque sangle est préformée en un poste qui est écarté du poste de réception des piles de sacs, pour être ensuite transférée à ce poste, avant d'être serrée autour d'un colis de sacs. La machine des figures 7 et 8 comprend donc un poste 24 de réception des piles de sacs, un poste 26 de formation des sangles et deux convoyeurs horizontaux 120 et 122 de transfert des sangles du poste de formation 26 au poste 24 de réception des piles de sacs. Le poste 26 de formation des sangles comprend sensiblement les mêmes moyens que dans le mode de réalisation préc dent, à savoir des bobines de sangle, des postes de coupe, des chariots munis de pinces pour la prise des extrémités des sangles et leur tirage, des poulies escamotables sur lesquelles passent les sangles, et des dispositifs de nouage automatique formant des nœuds coulants aux extrémités des sangles.The machine of FIGS. 7 and 8 differs from that of FIGS. 3 to 5 essentially in that each strap is preformed into a station which is separated from the station for receiving the stacks of bags, to then be transferred to this station, before being tightly wrapped around a package of bags. The machine of FIGS. 7 and 8 therefore comprises a station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags, a station 26 for forming the straps and two horizontal conveyors 120 and 122 for transferring the straps from the training station 26 to the station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags. The station 26 for forming the straps comprises substantially the same means as in the foregoing embodiment, namely strap reels, cutting stations, carriages provided with clamps for gripping the ends of the straps and pulling them, retractable pulleys on which the straps pass, and automatic knotting devices forming slip knots at the ends of the straps.
Les deux convoyeurs 120 et 122 de transfert des sangles cofnprεnnent par exemple une chaîne sans fin 124 sur laquelle sont fixés des chariots 126 guidés sur des rails 128. Chaque chariot 126 comprend un bras pivotant 130 se terminant par une poulie escamotable sur laquelle passe la sangle. Un chariot intermédiaire 126 du convoyeur supérieur 120 porte un manchon escamotable 132 autour duquel les deux brins supérieurs d'une sangle se croisent.The two conveyors 120 and 122 for transferring the straps cofnprεnnent for example an endless chain 124 on which are fixed carriages 126 guided on rails 128. Each carriage 126 comprises a pivoting arm 130 ending in a retractable pulley on which the strap passes . An intermediate carriage 126 of the upper conveyor 120 carries a retractable sleeve 132 around which the two upper strands of a strap cross.
Le fonctionnement de cette machine est le suivant :The operation of this machine is as follows:
Pendant qu'un colis de sacs est formé et levé au poste 24 de réception des piles de sacs, deux sangles sont préparées au poste 26, avec un contour rectangulaire comme représenté en figure 7. Lorsque les extrémités libres des sangles ont été nouées autour de leurs brins supérieurs, les sangles sont engagées par les poulies escamotables des bras 130 des chariots 126 et peuvent alors être transférées jusqu'au poste 24 de réception des piles de sacs. Pour permettre ce transfert, le plateau 32 portant les chariots 34 est monté sur un système de levage 134 de type quelconque approprié pour la mise en place des sangles au poste 24, le plateau 32 étant abaissé pour permettre le passage des bras 132 des chariots 126 du convoyeur inférieur 122, puis remonté de sorte que les brins inférieurs des sangles s'engagent dans les passages aménagés à cet effet entre les rouleaux horizontaux des chariots 34. Ensuite, deux piles de sacs peuvent être amenées sur chaque chariot 34, tandis que les mâts 90 sont descendus en position inférieure pour saisir les brins inférieurs des sangles. Au cours de leur descente, les mâts 90 passent à travers les manchons 132 qui sont ensuite escamotés. Les brins inférieurs des sangles sont saisis par les crochets des mâts 90, les mâts sont ensuite relevés, tous les bras 130 des chariots 126 étant escamotés, pour permettre le serrage des sangles autour du colis de sacs. La remontée des mâts 90 se traduit par le levage du colis, comme dans la forme de réalisation précédente. Dès que le colis de sacs a été évacué, les sangles suivantes, qui viennent d'être préparées peuvent être amenées jusqu'au poste 24 par les convoyeurs 120 et 122. La machine des figures 7 et 8 est un peu plus complexe que celles des figures 3 à 5, mais présente l'avantage de travailler à une cadence supérieure.While a package of bags is formed and lifted at station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags, two straps are prepared at station 26, with a rectangular outline as shown in FIG. 7. When the free ends of the straps have been tied around their upper strands, the straps are engaged by the retractable pulleys of the arms 130 of the carriages 126 and can then be transferred to the station 24 for receiving the stacks of bags. To allow this transfer, the plate 32 carrying the carriages 34 is mounted on a lifting system 134 of any type suitable for the positioning of the straps at station 24, the plate 32 being lowered to allow the passage of the arms 132 of the carriages 126 of the lower conveyor 122, then reassembled so that the lower strands of the straps engage in the passages provided for this purpose between the horizontal rollers of the carriages 34. Then, two stacks of bags can be brought to each carriage 34, while the 90 masts are lowered to the lower position to grip the lower strands of the straps. During their descent, the masts 90 pass through the sleeves 132 which are then retracted. The lower strands of the straps are gripped by the hooks of the masts 90, the masts are then raised, all the arms 130 of the carriages 126 being retracted, to allow the straps to be tightened around the package of bags. The rise of 90 masts results in the lifting of the package, as in the previous embodiment. As soon as the parcel of bags has been evacuated, the following straps, which have just been prepared, can be brought to station 24 by the conveyors 120 and 122. The machine of FIGS. 7 and 8 is a little more complex than those of Figures 3 to 5, but has the advantage of working at a higher rate.
Pour fixer les idées, on précisera, à titre d'exemple qu'une machine selon l'invention permet de former et d'évacuer, en une heure, environ 86 colis de 28 sacs de 50 kg chacun, soit une production totale de 2 400 sacs par heure. Les sangles utilisées pour ces colis ont une longueur d'environ 10 m et forment une boucle verticale d'environ 40 cm de long au-dessus des sacs lorsqu'elles sont serrées sur le colis. To fix the ideas, it will be specified, by way of example that a machine according to the invention makes it possible to form and evacuate, in one hour, approximately 86 packages of 28 bags of 50 kg each, ie a total production of 2 400 bags per hour. The straps used for these packages are approximately 10 m long and form a vertical loop approximately 40 cm long above the bags when they are tightened on the package.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1) Procédé de formation automatique de colis de sacs maintenus par des sangles, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à former côte à côte au moins deux piles de sacs (10), à disposer deux sangles (12) parallèles en boucle fermée autour des piles de sacs, transversalement par rapport aux sacs (10), à saisir la partie médiane du brin inférieur de chaque saπgie (12) et à la tirer vers le haut entre les piles de sacs pour, d'une part, serrer la sangle autour des piles de sacs et, d'autre part, former une boucle de suspension (14) qui s'étend verticalement entre les piles de sacs et permet le levage du colis.1) A method of automatically forming packages of bags held by straps, characterized in that it consists in forming side by side at least two stacks of bags (10), in having two straps (12) parallel in closed loop around the stacks of bags, transversely to the bags (10), to grasp the middle part of the lower strand of each saπgie (12) and to pull it up between the stacks of bags to, on the one hand, tighten the strap around stacks of bags and, on the other hand, form a suspension loop (14) which extends vertically between the stacks of bags and allows the lifting of the package.
2) Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque sangle constitue une boucle initialement fermée que l'on place autour des piles de sacs.2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that each strap constitutes an initially closed loop which is placed around the stacks of bags.
3) Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque sangle est constituée par une longueur de sangle ou de corde dont les deux extrémités (16, 18) se croisent au-dessus des piles de sacs et sont rattachées à la sangle.3) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that each strap is constituted by a length of strap or rope whose two ends (16, 18) intersect above the stacks of bags and are attached to the strap.
4) Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on attache, par un moyen autoserrant, chaque extrémité (16, 18) de la sangle sur le brin supérieur (20, 22) de la sangle qui est relié à l'autre extrémité de celle-ci.4) Method according to claim 3, characterized in that one attaches, by a self-tightening means, each end (16, 18) of the strap on the upper strand (20, 22) of the strap which is connected to the other end of it.
5) Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le moyen autoserrant est constitué par un nœud coulant formé par une extrémité de la sangle nouée sur le brin supérieur relié à l'autre extrémité.5) Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the self-tightening means is constituted by a slip knot formed by one end of the strap tied on the upper strand connected to the other end.
6) Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la boucle de suspension (14) passe entre les deux extrémités de la sangle qui se croisent. 7) Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que, au serrage de la sangle et au levage du colis, les nœuds formés par les extrémités de la sangle se serrent et se bloquent sur la boucle de suspension (14).6) Method according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the suspension loop (14) passes between the two ends of the strap which intersect. 7) Method according to claim 6, characterized in that, when tightening the strap and lifting the package, the nodes formed by the ends of the strap tighten and lock on the suspension loop (14).
8) Machine de formation automatique de colis de sacs, en particulier par exécution du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des moyens (60, 66, 82) pour disposer deux sangles parallèles en boucle fermée autour de l'emplacement d'au moins deux piles de sacs, transversalement par rapport aux sacs, des moyens (46, 34) pour amener des sacs et former côte à côte au moins deux piles de sacs' sur ledit emplacement, des moyens de levage (28, 90) verticalement dépiacables entre deux piles de sacs pour saisir la partie médiane du brin inférieur de chaque sangle et la tirer vers le haut afin de serrer chaque sangle autour des piles de sacs en formant une boucle de suspension entre les piles de sacs, et pour lever au moyen de ces deux boucles le colis formé par les piles de sacs, et des moyens (30, 96, 98) d'évacuation du colis de sacs ainsi formé.8) Machine for automatic formation of bag packages, in particular by carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises means (60, 66, 82) for placing two parallel straps in a loop closed around the location of at least two stacks of bags, transversely with respect to the bags, means (46, 34) for bringing bags and forming side by side at least two stacks of bags' on said location, lifting means (28, 90) vertically depiacable between two stacks of bags to grip the middle part of the lower strand of each strap and pull it up in order to tighten each strap around the stacks of bags by forming a loop suspension between the stacks of bags, and to lift by means of these two loops the package formed by the stacks of bags, and means (30, 96, 98) for evacuating the package of bags thus formed.
9) Machine selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce qu'elle com¬ prend un poste (24) de réception des piles de sacs, un poste (26) de formation des sangles en boucle fermée, et des moyens (120, 122) de transfert des sangles en boucle fermée jusqu'au poste (24) de réception des piles de sacs.9) Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that it com¬ takes a station (24) for receiving stacks of bags, a station (26) for forming straps in closed loop, and means (120, 122) for transferring the straps in a closed loop to the station (24) for receiving the stacks of bags.
10) Machine selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un poste (24) de réception des piles de sacs et un poste (26) de formation des sangles en boucle fermée directement autour du poste (24) de réception des piles de sacs. 11) Machine selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisée en ce que le poste (26) de formation comprend, pour chaque sangle, une pince (64) montée sur un chariot (60) pour saisir et tirer une première extrémité d'une sangle ou d'une corde enroulée sur une bobine (72), des moyens (76) de coupe d'une longueur déterminée de sangle ou de corde, une autre pince (70) montée sur un autre chariot (66) pour saisir et déplacer l'autre extrémité de cette longueur de sangle ou de corde, de telle sorte que les deux extrémités de la sangle ou corde se croisent en partie supérieure de la boucle fermée, des moyens (78, 84, 86, 88) de guidage de cette boucle fermée pour lui donner un contour rectangulaire, et des moyens (112, 116) de nouage de chaque extrémité de la saπgie sur le brin supérieur de cette sangle relié à l'autre extrémité de celle-ci.10) Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a station (24) for receiving stacks of bags and a station (26) for forming straps in a closed loop directly around the station (24) for receiving stacks bags. 11) Machine according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the training station (26) comprises, for each strap, a clamp (64) mounted on a carriage (60) for gripping and pulling a first end of a strap or of a cord wound on a reel (72), means (76) for cutting a determined length of strap or cord, another clamp (70) mounted on another carriage (66) for gripping and moving the 'other end of this length of strap or rope, so that the two ends of the strap or rope cross at the top of the closed loop, means (78, 84, 86, 88) for guiding this loop closed to give it a rectangular outline, and means (112, 116) for tying each end of the saπgie on the upper strand of this strap connected to the other end of the latter.
12) Machine selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de guidage de la sangle comprenent des rouleaux ou des poulies escamotables (84) montés sur des chariots (82). 13) Machine selon l'une des revendications 9 et 12, caractérisée en que le poste (24) de réception des piles de sacs comprend deux chariots (34) de support des piles de sacs, qui sont dépiacables l'un vers l'autre dans une direction parallèle au plan des boucles de sangle et qui comprennent des espaces ou fentes (40) de passage des brins des sangles. 14) Machine selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en que les moyens de transfert des sangles en boucle fermée jusqu'au poste de réception des piles de sacs comprennent des chari ots (126) portés par deux convoyeurs horizon- taux (120, 122) respectivement supérieur et inférieur, ces chariots (126) étant équipés de bras mobiles (130) à rouleaux pour le support des brins de chaque sangle.12) Machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the strap guide means comprise rollers or retractable pulleys (84) mounted on carriages (82). 13) Machine according to one of claims 9 and 12, characterized in that the station (24) for receiving the stacks of bags comprises two carriages (34) for supporting the stacks of bags, which are pliant towards each other in a direction parallel to the plane of the strap loops and which include spaces or slots (40) for passage of the strands of the straps. 14) Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the means for transferring the straps in a closed loop to the station for receiving the stacks of bags comprise carriers (126) carried by two horizontal conveyors- rate (120, 122) respectively upper and lower, these carriages (126) being equipped with movable arms (130) with rollers for supporting the strands of each strap.
15) Machine selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de nouage comprennent, pour chaque sangle, un chariot mobile (110) portant deux éléments rotatifs (112) permettant chacun d'enrouler une extrémité de la sangle autour du brin supérieur relié à l'autre extrémité, et deux pinces (118) permettant chacune de saisir et de tirer en boucle une extrémité de la sangle à travers l'enroulement correspondant, pour former un nœud coulant sur le brin supérieur correspondant relié à l'autre extrémité de la sangle.15) Machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the knotting means comprise, for each strap, a movable carriage (110) carrying two rotary elements (112) each allowing to wind one end of the strap around the upper connected strand at the other end, and two pliers (118) each allowing to grab and loop one end of the strap through the corresponding winding, to form a noose on the corresponding upper strand connected to the other end of the strap.
16) Machine selon l'une des revendications 8 à 15, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de levage comprennent deux mâts verticaux (90) se termi¬ nant à leur extrémité inférieure par des crochets (94) de prise de la partie médiane du brin inférieur d'une sangle, des moyens de déplacement vertical de ces mâts, et des moyens de guidage pour faire passer chaque mât (90) entre les deux brins supérieurs noués de la sangle correspondante. 16) Machine according to one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that the lifting means comprise two vertical masts (90) ending at their lower end by hooks (94) for gripping the middle part of the strand lower of a strap, means for vertical displacement of these masts, and guide means for passing each mast (90) between the two upper strands knotted with the corresponding strap.
PCT/FR1988/000122 1987-03-03 1988-03-03 Process and machine for automatically making up parcels of bags held together by straps WO1988006554A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR888805848A BR8805848A (en) 1987-03-03 1988-03-03 PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR AUTOMATICALLY FORMING PACKAGES OF BAGS MAINTAINED BY BELTS

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8702864A FR2611648B1 (en) 1987-03-03 1987-03-03 METHOD AND MACHINE FOR AUTOMATIC FORMATION OF BAG PACKAGES HOLDED BY STRAPS
FR87/02864 1987-03-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
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BR (1) BR8805848A (en)
FR (1) FR2611648B1 (en)
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WO1998026977A1 (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-25 Norsk Hydro Asa Parcels comprising at least two stacks of units of goods; means, method and apparatus for forming said parcels

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DE10039409A1 (en) * 2000-08-11 2002-02-21 Saint Gobain Isover G & H Ag Large containers made of insulation products, especially mineral wool products in the form of sheets or rolls

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Patent Citations (1)

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DE2055378A1 (en) * 1970-11-11 1972-05-18 Lesch, Hans, 8100 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Method and device for bundling small, preferably flat pieces of goods, in particular pieces of confectionery

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998026977A1 (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-25 Norsk Hydro Asa Parcels comprising at least two stacks of units of goods; means, method and apparatus for forming said parcels
US6336308B1 (en) 1996-12-18 2002-01-08 Norsk Hydro Asa Packaging arrangement including at least two stacks of goods and a method of forming the packaging arrangement
US6370845B1 (en) * 1996-12-18 2002-04-16 Norsk Hydro Asa Belt device for forming a packaging arrangement including at least two stacks of goods and a method of forming the packaging arrangement
US6481186B2 (en) 1996-12-18 2002-11-19 Norsk Hydro Asa Apparatus for forming a packaging arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2611648B1 (en) 1989-06-30
FR2611648A1 (en) 1988-09-09
BR8805848A (en) 1989-10-31
EP0305463A1 (en) 1989-03-08

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