WO1988003753A1 - Elevage de moules ameliore - Google Patents

Elevage de moules ameliore Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988003753A1
WO1988003753A1 PCT/AU1987/000388 AU8700388W WO8803753A1 WO 1988003753 A1 WO1988003753 A1 WO 1988003753A1 AU 8700388 W AU8700388 W AU 8700388W WO 8803753 A1 WO8803753 A1 WO 8803753A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mussels
rope
growth
spat
line
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1987/000388
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Kvietelaitis
Original Assignee
Peter Kvietelaitis
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peter Kvietelaitis filed Critical Peter Kvietelaitis
Publication of WO1988003753A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988003753A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the pisciculture of mussels and other molluscs (referred to generically hereinafter as “mussels”) including the growing of salt-water mussels on ropes supported or suspended in the water and periodically hauled in for the collection of mussels therefrom.
  • the present invention relates to the cultivation of mussels from seed or "spat" mussels ("baby” mussels) which are “mussocked” at an appropriate growth density into a tubular net or sock to form an elongated linear structure resembling and sometimes referred to hereinafter as a "sausage".
  • the sausage forms a growth of commercially harvestable mussels.
  • nets known and used hitherto have been of a type designed to rot away after a relatively short time.
  • Another type of net, and one which may be considered more appropriate for present purposes is of a material which remains relatively intact, its mesh being generally wide enough to allow mussel growth to migrate to the outside of the sock.
  • such a linear growth element be it e.g. a mussocked "saus- age", or an ordinary rope for spat growing purposes, is sometimes referred to generically as a “growth rope” .
  • An object of the invention is to provide for mussocking by an operation which is quick, efficient and easily controllable.
  • skewers are inserted in the growth rope at intervals along their lengths.
  • the function of the skewers is to inhibit detachment of the spat from the rope.
  • Mussels have been harvested by hauling in the vertical lines individually and removing the growth by hand, either in the boat or, at a later stage, on shore.
  • Another object of the invention is to facilitate and improve the efficiency of mussel farming by making harvesting, rope - stripping, break- ing-off skewers, "de-clumping", grading and rope- cleaning a substantially simultaneous and automated operation.
  • a further object is to produce high-quality mussels more cheaply and/or in greater quantities than " has generally been possible heretofore.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to produce mussels by a quick and convenient operation which is labour-saving and requires no complex mach- inery or highly-skilled operators.
  • a method of mussel culture in a marine or other aqueous environment supportive of mussel growth comprises providing a growth rope or line, positioning said rope wholly or substantially beneath the surface but above the bed of the water, keeping the rope in such position long enough to provide a desired mussel growth, and thereafter removing said growth from the line, characterized by effecting said removal from an immersed part of the line in a stripping region by pulling up the line in a substantially vertical direction through said region with consequent stripping of material from the rope therein, and establishing a regime of water upflow in said region while growth is detached by and/or within said regime, said flow entraining mussels removed from the line which are carried away for subsequent handling.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram showing how a growth line can be supported from a long-line for the development of either spat or fully-grown mussels in stage 1 or 3 respectively of the operation referred to above;
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of a mussocking apparatus for carrying out stage 2 in a system accord- ing to a practical embodiment of the invention;
  • Fig. 3 is a top plan of a mussocker head comprising a triplex suction unit for removing spat from a rope upon which it has been grown in stage 1 and for conveying it to a total of six mussocking units (stage 2) ;
  • Fig. 4 is a section across line 4-4 in Fig. 2;
  • Figs...5 and 6 are, respectively, sections across lines 5-5 and 6-6 in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, with particular reference to the formation of a mussocked "sausage" of required diameter and/or density;
  • Fig. 8 is a side-view diagram of a harvesting apparatus (stage 4) including "de-clumping” and grading stages, and
  • Fig. 9 is an axial section through the harvester head of the apparatus shown in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 1 generally illustrates a possible disposition and manner of supporting or suspending a growing rope either in stage 1 or stage 3 of the four-stage oper ⁇ ation referred to above. That is to say, the dis ⁇ position shown in Fig. 1 may be found appropriate either for the growing of spat, which forms part of stage 1, or for the growth of mussels in a mussocked line, to the point at which they are ready for harvest ⁇ ing in stage 4.
  • FIG. 1 is a general illustration of the culture of spat for subsequent use in the manner of "seed” for the growth of mussels harvestable for the market. Accordingly a suitable section 10 of sea is selected. Long-line 11 of a "floating" type referred to above is suspended horizontally just beneath surface 12 by means of buoys 13. A suitable growth rope 14 skewered, fitted with long-line fastenings 15 and weights 16, is coiled on a reel and taken to the "farm" i.e. the part 10 of the sea already selected, where it is hung from long-line 5 11 by said fastenings 15, between which it is weighted by 16 at positions well clear of the sea-bed.
  • Rope 14 forms a long, continuous growth basis the length of which will usually be substantially greater than growth ropes used in the past, and will 10 usually be limited only by such mechanical and power limitations as are inherent in the winch and other parts of the system to be more fully described herein ⁇ after.
  • a very long growing rope can be 15 suspended zigzag-wise from two or more horizontally- spaced parallel long-lines, by fastening to the lines in succession.
  • the apparatus may be mounted on a boat, or a floating rig or platform which can be towed to and from the farm, or in any other suitable manner.
  • mussocker head 18 incorporates three groups each of three tubes 30 or conduits through which water is pumped at a speed which generally is related to the winch speed and to the rate of mussocking.
  • Each group of conduits functions identically.
  • a typical group consists of a central tube 19 and two side tubes 20.
  • Each side tube " 35 has a main upper portion parallel to the central tube, and a lower inclined portion 21, as best seen in Fig. 5, opening into a spat-removal region 22.
  • Fig. 4 mussocker head 18 incorporates three groups each of three tubes 30 or conduits through which water is pumped at a speed which generally is related to the winch speed and to the rate of mussocking.
  • Each group of conduits functions identically.
  • a typical group consists of a central tube 19 and two side tubes 20.
  • Each side tube " 35 has a main upper portion parallel to the central tube, and a lower inclined portion 21, as best seen in Fig. 5, opening into a spat-removal region 22.
  • the bottom of the central tube divides into two U-branches 23 which respectively join the side tubes via ports 24 at the conjunctions between the axial and inclined portions of those tubes.
  • the flow r ⁇ gime induced in region 22 may be assisted by a conical funnel (not shown) which con- verges the upflow and may itself cause some dislodge- ment of spat, but the stripping of rope 14 results chiefly from scraping e.g. by drawing the rope through a narrow pipe, tube or "extrusion core" 25 axially located in the base of 18.
  • the core is only just wide enough to accommodate passage of the rope (and, possibly, any weights and fastenings attached thereto) but narrow enough to cause otherwise substantially complete stripping including breaking off skewers from the rope. All of this material, being dislodged in region 22, is sucked upwards through 21 into the main flow in tubes 20, which flow forces it into sock 26 for producing mussocked formation 27.
  • the triplex system 18 produces a total of six "spat flows" (which term includes such additional matter as skewer pieces, sea-weed etc. as were dislodged from 14) in pipes 20.
  • the spat flows are turned from a vertical to a horizon ⁇ tal direction in which they proceed to six mussocking units.
  • Sock 26 is a tubular net closed at its forward end 28, to which is tied the end of rope 29.
  • the sock which in a "bunched up" condition is placed over the end portion of pipe 20, is progressively filled usually to a diameter of about 5 cm. with a spat packing linear density of about 1000 per metre, but the invention allows these parameters to be varied to a limited and strictly controlled extent.
  • Pipe 20 ends in guide 30 which may be of open-mesh structure and turns the progressively formed mussock from a horizontal to a downward direction so that its progress is to some extent, gravity-assisted.
  • Rope 29 winds off free-wheeling reel 31 and passes along a subsidiary tube 32 which ends just behind guide 30 where both sock and rope are received into the guide as shown in Fig. 7 through the annular space between the mating ends of 20 and 30.
  • harvester head 35 constitutes a housing for pipes 36 down which water is pumped to return through suitably directed passageways as an upflow regime where mussock rope 29 is being pulled vertically through unit 35, which . lastmentioned may be done by winching, in like manner to spat rope 14 through mussocker head 18.
  • the rope may be stripped of mussels and other matter at any convenient stage of the upflow e.g. where rope 29 exits from tube 37 where the mussel flow is turning from vertical to horizontal and thence to "de-dumper" and grader stages 38 and 39 respectively of a kind known per se.
  • the upflow entrains the mussels and foreign matter dislodged from the rope and, in particular, tends to prevent dislodged mussels from dropping to the sea-bed.
  • the winch may be located in a housing vertically above the end portion of the conduit with the tube passing vertically out of the conduit at the bend thereof, as shown.
  • the winch could be located "downstream" of the grader.
  • the former embodiment may be preferred because the rope does not have to be winched around bends.
  • an upper part of the growing-rope must be clear of growth and skewers so that is can be threaded into the tube and thence into the winch chamber for connection to the winch itself. Otherwise a feeder rope can be attached to the end of the growing line for the purpose of starting the winching operation.
  • the winch may then be started, thereby pulling the rest of the rope into and through the harvester head, whereby mussels, skewers etc. are dislodged from the rope and thereby freed for entrain- ment into the current and conduction thereby into the declumping, grading and whatever other final operation ⁇ al stages are desired.
  • “Clumps” of mussels may be broken up by passing the current and entrained mussels through unit 38 of a known type, including a drum having a suitable arrangement of transverse pegs, baffles or the like.
  • the conduit may enter the drum coaxially so that the drum can be rotated relatively thereto e.g. by a turbine action of water pressure from a by-pass from the pump or some other means.
  • the declumped mussels may thereafter pass to a known type of rotatable grader drum 39 co-axial with the declumper.
  • the apparatus can also be used to clean long- lines of mussels after the growth rope has been removed. This can be done by adding a flexible hose to the intake conduit and using the hose after the manner of a suction cleaner to clear the long-line of mussels. This means that these mussels now become economically harvestable and the long line can now be easily and quickly cleaned.
  • The- invention makes possible the harvesting of commercial quantities of mussels of closely con ⁇ trolled quality, and may reduce the need to dredge mussels from the sea-bed where they are likely to be affected by silt and other undesirable substances.
  • the invention also enables what would previously have been a considerable number of separate growing-ropes to be combined into a single growing line, possibly of length substantially greater than the water-depth, pegged at suitable intervals to a horizon ⁇ tal beam, "long-line” or the like supported below the water-level, and appropriately weighted so as to assume the required attitude in the water.
  • a free end portion of the rope to the winch as aforesaid, to start the pump, to cut or unpeg the growing line, and to start the winch.
  • the invention also makes mussel-harvesting, in effect, a one-man operation. It eliminates the considerable effort of lifting and hoisting in the ropes weighted down with a substantial growth of mussels, and avoids the wastage due e.g. to accidental dislodgement and loss of mussels, that often attends hand-harvesting operations. Furthermore, it enables the handling of much longer growth ropes than have been generally possible heretofore.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé d'élevage de mollusques (généralement des moules) sur des cordes placées dans la mer ou dans un autre milieu aquatique approprié. Une corde, sur laquelle l'élevage désiré a pu s'accumuler, est hissée verticalement à travers une région dans laquelle les moules sont détachées de la corde. Un courant d'eau ascendant est induit ou amené sous pression dans cette région. Ledit courant est destiné, dans le cas de moules en naissain ou de bébés moules, à entraîner les moules et à les détacher en vue du nourrissage ou, dans le cas de moules adultes, à permettre les opérations de triage par dégroupement et les autres opérations connues nécessaires à préparer les moules pour leur mise sur le marché. La présente invention décrit également un procédé de nourrissage dans lequel les moules en naissain sont regroupées dans un filet tubulaire allongé ou autre récipient de nourrissage pour une immersion ultérieure et pour leur élevage jusqu'à devenir des moules prêtes à être récoltées et à être mises sur le marché.
PCT/AU1987/000388 1986-11-19 1987-11-18 Elevage de moules ameliore WO1988003753A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPH905786 1986-11-19
AUPH9057 1986-11-19
AUPH9647 1986-12-23
AUPH964786 1986-12-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1988003753A1 true WO1988003753A1 (fr) 1988-06-02

Family

ID=25643198

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1987/000388 WO1988003753A1 (fr) 1986-11-19 1987-11-18 Elevage de moules ameliore

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1988003753A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990012155A1 (fr) * 1989-04-13 1990-10-18 Bandvulc Marine Limited Digue flottante
ES2059231A2 (es) * 1992-04-06 1994-11-01 Cuervo Carlos Barros Maquina desgranadora de cuerdas de mejillon.
US5511514A (en) * 1992-02-18 1996-04-30 Pernaful Holdings Ltd Method of cultivating shellfish
WO2005079565A1 (fr) * 2004-02-20 2005-09-01 Peter Kvietelaitis Procede et dispositif de boudinage de naissain et/ou d'application de dispositifs supports sur des lignes de culture de mollusques
GB2575438A (en) * 2018-07-01 2020-01-15 Dickie Colin System and method for processing shellfish
CN112136774A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2020-12-29 江苏农牧科技职业学院 一种用于池养华吸鳅的捕捞装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2922393A (en) * 1957-01-31 1960-01-26 Otto J Munz Sea farming
FR1360273A (fr) * 1963-03-26 1964-05-08 Perfectionnements apportés au captage et à la collecte du naissin d'huîtres
US3811411A (en) * 1973-01-02 1974-05-21 H Moeller Method of cultivating mollusks

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2922393A (en) * 1957-01-31 1960-01-26 Otto J Munz Sea farming
FR1360273A (fr) * 1963-03-26 1964-05-08 Perfectionnements apportés au captage et à la collecte du naissin d'huîtres
US3811411A (en) * 1973-01-02 1974-05-21 H Moeller Method of cultivating mollusks

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990012155A1 (fr) * 1989-04-13 1990-10-18 Bandvulc Marine Limited Digue flottante
GR900100268A (el) * 1989-04-13 1991-09-27 Bandvulc Marine Limited Πλωτος κυματοθραυστης.
US5511514A (en) * 1992-02-18 1996-04-30 Pernaful Holdings Ltd Method of cultivating shellfish
ES2094676A1 (es) * 1992-02-18 1997-01-16 Pernaful Holdings Ltd Metodo de cultivo de moluscos.
ES2059231A2 (es) * 1992-04-06 1994-11-01 Cuervo Carlos Barros Maquina desgranadora de cuerdas de mejillon.
WO2005079565A1 (fr) * 2004-02-20 2005-09-01 Peter Kvietelaitis Procede et dispositif de boudinage de naissain et/ou d'application de dispositifs supports sur des lignes de culture de mollusques
GB2575438A (en) * 2018-07-01 2020-01-15 Dickie Colin System and method for processing shellfish
GB2575438B (en) * 2018-07-01 2020-10-14 Dickie Colin System and method for processing shellfish
CN112136774A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2020-12-29 江苏农牧科技职业学院 一种用于池养华吸鳅的捕捞装置
CN112136774B (zh) * 2020-10-09 2022-06-07 江苏农牧科技职业学院 一种用于池养华吸鳅的捕捞装置

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