WO1987001409A1

WO1987001409A1 - Covering, especially wall tiling

Info

Publication number: WO1987001409A1
Application number: PCT/HU1985/000055
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gusztáv KISS
Original assignee: Kiss Gusztav
Priority date: 1982-09-10
Filing date: 1985-09-10
Publication date: 1987-03-12
Also published as: HU191477B; HUT37203A; EP0236299A1

Abstract

A covering, in particular wall tiling, consists of covering plates fixed to one another on a support surface. The covering plates, for example tiles, are fixed to a structural receiving part, attached to the support surface, by means of studs and apertures which engage in one another. The bodies which limit the apertures and/or the studs are made from a deformable elastic material. The covering can be fitted easily and quickly irrespective of the temperature, without the need for any special skill.

Description

Covering, in particular tile wall covering

5 subject ^"of the invention is a covering, in particular flow-Vandbelag for the building industry, from the fixed to a support surface covering panels zusammen¬ is provided.

10 Currently, the sidewall tile cladding in the construction industry is basically manufactured using two methods: the tiles are embedded in 'lime mortar / conventional method / and recently - primarily in panel plant buildings / panel houses / - with tile adhesive or.

_] = cladding glued with cement mortar.

The disadvantages of the conventional tile covering laid in lime mortar are as follows:

2o The completion of the covering is largely from the

Temperature dependent. Tile coverings can only be produced at temperatures above + 4 C, which often delays the completion of construction work in winter or increases the required temperature only with additional costs.

2 ^ wall can be secured. The toppings made taking the temperature restrictions into account frequently suffer frost damage, the restoration of which, of course, entails significant additional costs. Furthermore, the purchase of cement, lime and sand

^ 0 as well as their transport to the construction site and within the building e.g. cumbersome from the floor to the floors, with great effort in living work and working hours and all of the work itself with the formation of dirt, dust and debris. In addition to the tile

• currently zerz legern find others in the given space Construction workers have no space and cannot work there. In the case of apartment reconstructions, the inconveniences associated with noise, dust and debris formation / knocking off the plaster / are of particularly great magnitude. The completion of the new cladding laid in lime mortar requires precise and lengthy work, its costs are quite high and it is therefore increasingly difficult to find suitable skilled workers to do it, and all the less because the working conditions are also in the majority as

₁₀ unfavorable: often work must be done in brisk, dusty, cold and poorly lit rooms; the tiles must be moistened and therefore must be grubbed in cold water. The wet tiles and the lime mortar cause seizures on the fingers of the workers. The tilers often get eczema.

Even with the glued tile coverings, the above-mentioned temperature limitation or the additional costs for securing the corresponding temperature must be taken into account.

2o nen, since the adhesive can not be stored or used cold. The Kbbstoff is still much more expensive than the lime mortar. A further disadvantage means that a glued tile covering can only be applied to a completely flat and smooth support surface and this technology is therefore primarily used in prefabricated buildings / panel houses / in which the prefabricated panels / panels / or the surfaces manufactured according to the tunnel formwork method correspond to this technology from the outset. / Such surfaces

-z _Q cannot be made with manual masonry. / However, if the wall surfaces do not have the appropriate smoothness / which is common in practice /, the cladding with adhesive technology cannot be used. be applied or is at least a multiple amount of adhesive

, _- required, which on the other hand costs almost to that - 5 -

Unreasonable increases. A further disadvantage means that the adhesive only adheres appropriately to completely contamination-free surfaces, although most of these are contaminated when the covering is applied, which is why the glued tile cladding often becomes defective.

The purpose of the present invention is to create such cold coverings, in particular tile coverings, which can be produced practically independently of the respective temperature conditions, quickly, easily and without special technical knowledge, under optimal working conditions, with relatively low cost and in perfect quality.

15 The invention is based on the knowledge that in the case when, instead of the currently used "wet" / laid or glued coverings / ^' technologies in lime mortar, the tiles are fastened by means of "dry"

Connection is solved, the above-mentioned deficiencies of the conventional solutions can be eliminated, the working conditions become healthier, cheaper, the work can be carried out faster and more productively, and as a result that the manufacture of the cladding on the construction site to a large extent 25 through Motage-like operations can be carried out.

On the basis of this knowledge, the task within the meaning of the invention was achieved by cladding, in particular

-Z _Q tile coverings for the construction industry, which are composed of cover plates attached to the support surface and whose essential feature is that the cover plates, for example, flow to the support surface with the aid of openings which fit into one another

-, - and pegs are fastened and that each one mating opening and a spigot either the opening / body (s) or the spigot or both the spigot and the? / which / body consists of an elastically deformable material.

The invention is further described in detail on the basis of the attached drawings, which contain some embodiments and construction details of the linings or coverings. In the drawings are in

1 shows a connection part that can be glued to a tile in front view; Fig. 2 is a section taken along the line A-A indicated in Fig. 1; 3 is a front view of a receiving part assigned to the connecting part according to FIG. 1; Fig. 4- is a section drawn along the line B-B indicated in Fig. 3; 5 shows a finished tile covering produced using the construction parts according to FIGS. 2-4 in a vertical section; Fig. 6 to see another AuäTührungs orm of the connector in front view; FIG. 7 shows a line along the line in FIG. 6

C-C drawn section; Fig. 8 is associated with the connector of Fig. 6

To see the receiving part in front view; Fig. 9 is a section taken along the line D-D indicated in Fig. 8;

10 shows a sectional view of a tile covering produced using the construction parts according to FIGS. 6-9; 11 shows an Eliesse suitably designed for producing a covering according to the invention, top view;

12 shows a section drawn along the line E-E designated in FIG. 11;

13 shows a further embodiment of the connection part in front view;

14 shows a section drawn along the line F-F shown in FIG. 13;

15 shows a receiving part assigned to the connecting part according to FIG. 13 in the front part; 16 shows a section drawn along the line G-G shown in FIG. 15;

Fig. 17 shows a finished covering using the construction parts shown in Figs. 13 to 16 in section.

15

The 1 connecting part shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is attached to the back of a tile 8 / FIG. 5 / glued on. The used to manufacture the coverings or cladding according to the invention

20 tiles differ from conventional tiles in that their back is made smooth, without feet and protruding formations. The feet 3 are arranged on the other side of the base plate 2 opposite the glued surface

25 have a somewhat conical shape. The base plate 2 of the connecting part 1 is square, its dimension d e.g. identical to the most commonly used flow measure, i.e. 150-150 mm tall. The feet 3 on the base plate 2 are in several to each other and

30 rows parallel to the sides of the plate arranged evenly distributed over the entire surface of the plate. The rows lying on the edge begin at a distance ει from the edges of the base plate 2, whereby this dimension can expediently be 0.5 mm; which is a width of a. ensure each stripe along the circumference the possibility of joining the adjacent tiles. The external dimension / diameter / of the feet 3 measured on the base plate 2 is b_, their mutual distance, where expediently b = 8 mm and c = 2 ... mm. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the plate thickness h and the wall thickness of the sleeves are 1 mm, while the height g of the feet 3 is 3 mm, so that the total thickness g of the connecting construction part j. mm can be. This connection part 1 can be made, for example, of injection molded polyurethane. Between the feet 3 there are spaces / spaces / 50 which together form a space system delimited by the side surfaces of the feet 3 made of elastically deformable material.

The receptacle construction part, which is generally identified by reference number 4 in FIGS. 3 and 3, is intended for interaction with the connection part 1 and is attached, for example, to the wall construction / FIG. 5 / with the help of wood screws and / or gluing or in any other appropriate way. The thickness m of the base plate 5 of the receiving construction part 4 / Fig. 5 / is expediently 2 mm, its length f_ / in the installed position the horizontal dimension / eg 1000 mm, its height dimension _e however / depending on the surface to be covered / can be variable. It is advantageous if the receptacle construction part is produced from strips a of width p = 20 mm and length _f, which are configured along their longitudinal edges with projecting ribs 7 adjoining the base plate 5; these are 1 mm thick here. Between the ribs of each strip consisting of a hollow pin 6 Zapf series läiffc in the center line along which pins 6 are a little cone-shaped and its Abmessun-r S ^s to the dimensions of the sleeves 3 of the Anschlusskonstruk- 1 and 2 or their distribution / arrangement / are selected accordingly. 3 and 4 / the value of n and _o 6 mm, the value r 4 mm, the value m 2 mm, the value _1 5 mm, the value of k 1 m and the value j_ 8 mm. It should be noted that the plate strips 4a are also provided with ribs 7a on the narrow StLr.nseiten. The hollow pins 6 have a wall thickness of 1 mm. The plate strips 4a can be arranged next to one another continuously, in one cast, fastened to a common base plate. The receptacle construction part 4 can be made of injection molded polyurethane or another plastic just like the connection construction part 1.

The connecting construction part 1 is expediently to be glued to the tiles 8 in the factory, for example with the aid of the tile cement 12 and to be packaged and delivered / shipped in this form. In contrast, the receiving construction part 4 is to be mounted on the construction site on the wall surface, in the size that corresponds to the wall surface to be clad. The plates or plate strips of the receiving construction part 4 are to be aligned successively horizontally from the floor line upwards. The panels are fixed using wood screws. 10 / Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 / - is therefore useful because. Wood scraping the escape of the panels can be regulated _* - The surface of the wall to be clad 11 / Fig. 5 / -can be provided either with a plaster 9 or without plaster. However, the verticality is of essential importance because of the mutual arrangement of the non-woven corners. To the wall floo provided with the receiving construction part 4, the tiles equipped with the connecting construction part 1 are simply connected in such a way that the base plate 2 equipped with the feet 3 - naturally including the tile - until the stop is pressed on the pin 6 The pins 6 jam in the spaces / Fig _* 1 / or the distances between the feet 3, whereby both the pins and the feet suffer an elastic deformation -...- The. the elastic deformation which causes the jamming is all the more effective since both the feet 3 and the pins 6 have cavities on the inside and can therefore be deformed easily. As a result of the numerous jamming points, the tiles are securely fixed to the receiving construction part. Gaps 13 remain between the adjacent tiles and these are spread - in a manner known per se, for example by means of white cement. The total width _s of the cladding is approx. 14-15 mm / see Fig. 5 /.

The designs according to FIGS. 6-10 are essentially the same as those of FIGS. 1-5, and that is why - the identical construction elements have been designated with the reference numbers already used. The

The only difference is that the entire surface of the connecting construction part 1 is not provided with hollow feet 3 as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, but only in the strips 14 running along the circumference of the base plate 2 at a distance r. from the edges inside two rows of hollow feet 3 are arranged inside; the distance _t is expediently 9.5 mm in the case of the same dimensions as those given in FIGS. 1-5. The strips 14 run out as far as the base plate 2 ran / FIG. 6 /, the strip 14 lying within the area is kept empty _* Also between these internally hollow feet 3 are gaps or spacings 50 _* vor¬ zufinden, jam 6-tion of Aufnahmekonstruk- part in dunes sich.die..Zapfen. The connecting construction part 1 / which is factory-glued to the back of a tile 8, see FIG. 10 / accordingly, the receiving construction part according to FIGS. 8 and 9 is formed, which in this way is ^{' built-in} by consecutive u-spacing horizontal ^' strip 4a is formed, with in the centerlines inside hollow pins 6, along their edges with the ribs 7 and 7a, the dimensions of which can be identical to those shown in Figs. 3 and 4. In the case of these dimensions, the value is 91 mm. In this case too, the strips 4a are expediently to be fastened to the wall 11 provided with plaster 9 by means of wood screws 10. The strips 4a are progressively aligned / adjusted from bottom to top with mutual spacing u and / or - for example by means of the aforementioned wood screws 10 - attached to the wall 11.

The precise assembly of the receiving construction part formed by the plate strips 4a and the maintenance of the accuracy of the distance can be secured with the aid of the adjoining tiles so that the tiles are connected to the plate strips 4a of the receiving construction part and is thus fastened to the wall 11 by means of the wood screws mentioned. After this, the laying / placing on / of the further tiles 8 can already be carried out very quickly, since the pins 6 of the plate strips 4a clamp firmly in the spaces 0 between the feet 3 of the connecting construction parts 1 and thus also the fixing of the tiles to the wall is solved with complete security. The joints 13 between the tiles 8 can, for example, be coated with white cement. Both the connecting construction part 1 and the receiving construction part 4 can expediently be produced in the same way from polyurethane by the injection molding process. The cladding according to FIGS. 1-5 is particularly recommended in wet rooms, for example shower rooms, bathrooms, etc., since the double plastic panel covering ensures effective moisture insulation. The

Covering according to FIGS. 6-9 ist_ primarily, however, for non-wet rooms / e.g. Kitchens / recommended as it is cheaper to produce than the covering according to Fig. 1-5.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, both the pins 6 of the receiving construction part 4 and the feet 3 of the connecting construction part 1 are made of an elastically deformable material, namely of plastic, and quite specifically of polyurethane. Within the meaning of the invention, however, there is also the possibility of producing one of the "dry connection producing elements from a stagnant - ^" ie non-elastically deformable material. Most of the hand horizontal design ^provides' at - as in 11 and 12 to see -. The flow 8 with tapered - in this Fale inside is not hollow - pin 1 ^ - auszu¬ result, the z. 3. can be distributed or arranged in the same formation and with the same dimensions on the back of the tiles 8 as the feet 3 of the connecting construction part according to FIGS. 6 and 7. The feet 14 naturally form part of the base plate 15 of the tile 8 and this is shaped and fired together with the feet in the course of production. The pins 14 are accordingly made of ceramic material and can be connected to a receiving construction part, which is formed in elastically deformable material, for example in a plastic plate, for receiving the pins 14 and - taking place under the action of the elastic deformation - fixing the same has suitable openings.

FIGS. 13-17 show a further possibility of executing the cladding according to the invention; This exemplary embodiment differs from the ones previously demonstrated in that the base plate 2 of the connecting construction part 20 does not project hollow feet on the inside, but rather full conical pins 16, the cross-section of which is correspondingly reduced towards the outside. In the region of the outer ends of the tapered pins 16 are de umlaufen¬ from the surface of the Z _a pfen laterally protruding elastically deformable, vorteilhafter¬ be provided from a überein¬ with the material of the journal 16 voting material existing rings 17th Incidentally, the dimensions of the connecting construction part 20 can completely correspond to the dimensions of the connecting construction part 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the difference being only in the design of the full pins 16 and the internally hollow feet 3 / their outer dimensions, however, are the same equal to these. The pins can from the surface of the plate 2 ^'16 projecting to 6 mm her¬, tapering to 1 mm, the rings 17 may be provided counted from below at a distance of 4 rnm, and in the lateral direction by 0.5 mm from the The surface of the tapered pin protrudes.

In this exemplary embodiment, the receiving construction part 40 is simply through a perforated plate made of plastic, for example v = 3 mm thick / Fig. 16 / formed, in which the size and distribution of the through openings e 19 correspond to the distribution / arrangement / the pins 16 of the connecting construction part 20. The outside diameter / approx. 0.5 mm / of the rings 17 slightly exceeds the diameter of the perforations 19 of the plate 18. The plate 18 has at the intersection of a square a network of 30x30 cm, for example, arranged on the inside of hollow spacer feet 21, the length of which z / Fig. 16 / eg 5 mm 'can be. These feet have a double function: in addition to securing the distance, they also serve to hold 5 wood screws 10. The spacer feet 21 are also intended to remove the unevenness of the wall. The height x = 6 mm of the conical pin 16 of the connecting construction part 20 is smaller than the dimension _ = v + _z = 8 mm / Fig. 16 /. Since the relationships

10 yng y? z exists, if the pins 16 of the connecting construction part 20 glued to the tile 8 are pressed into the openings 19 of the mounting construction part 40 fastened to the wall, the rings 17 are pressed through the openings 19 and fixed

25 pushed behind the inner plane of the plate 18 with complete certainty the connecting construction part 20 together with the tile, as can be seen from FIG. 18. The connection construction parts 20 and 40 can also be made of polyurethane or another plastic in this case

2o i experienced injection molding.

The advantage of the invention is that it is fast, accurate and productive work, and under favorable working conditions and without the

25 Requires special skilled work. The fabrication of the coverings and cladding cannot be influenced by the parenting. The covering, which can be produced both on bricks and on concrete / panel / walls, both on plastered and unplastered surfaces, can be practically

-Z _{Q be} mounted table and is not associated with any "wet" work steps apart from the spreading of the joints. The construction according to the invention can also be applied to already existing defective coverings and linings, the defective covering

7 clothing does not have to be torn off, since the structure can be mounted on the already existing covering by means of wood screws and conceals and holds the faulty bad covering. The tiles do not have to be immersed in water before the covering according to the invention is made. In summary, the covering according to the invention can be produced not only faster, under healthier working conditions, but also more economically than the conventional tile cladding.

The invention is of course not restricted to the embodiments of the covering described in detail above, but can be implemented in numerous ways within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

The covering panels can be not only tiles, but also ceramic, wood, plastic, etc. panels, practically with any dimensions, these can be on the inside as well as on the outside, on ceilings or other surfaces to be provided with cladding the invention are fastened.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. covering, in particular tile covering, which is composed of covering plates or tiles fixed next to one another on a support surface, characterized in that the covering plates or tiles (8) are on a receiving construction part (4) attached to the support surface, wherein on the receiving construction part (4) or on the tiles (8) merging openings or pegs are formed, and the bodies and / or pegs delimiting the openings are made of elastically deformable material.

15th

2. Covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving construction part (4) is provided with a peg (6) consisting of an elastically deformable material, on the other hand, such connection construction parts (1) are fastened to the back of the tiles (8),

20 contain the feet (3) which form openings (opening system) and which are made of elastically deformable material and are suitable for receiving and fixing the pins of the receiving construction hurry (4).

25 3- Covering according to claim 2, characterized in that the pins (6) are designed as cavities which have conically tapered bodies which taper outwards.

4. Covering according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the feet (3) are designed as hollow conical bodies containing cavities that taper to the outside.

5 5 «Covering according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized characterized in that the connecting construction part (1) has a base plate (2) of the same size as the wide surface of the covering gap / fliss (8) and that the feet (3.) protrude from the base plate (2) 5.

6. Covering according to one of claims 2 to 5 _ι characterized e ¬ that the receiving construction part (4) is formed by attached to the support surface plate ° strips (4a), in the center lines of which in a row with a mutual distance ( r) pins (6) are connected, the pins (6) protruding vertically from the plate (5).

5 7 «Covering according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized by the fact that on the base plate (2) the connecting construction parts (1) record the feet (3) in several rows parallel to one another and to the edges of the plate distributed over the entire surface of the plate (2).

8. Covering according to claim 5 or 6, characterized ekenn ¬ characterized in that on the base plate (2) of the Ar.schlusskonεtruktionsteile (1) the feet (3) to the side edges 5 of the base plate (2) parallel to those with one Distance (t) run in two parallel rows.

9. Covering according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized g e.- 0 k e n n z e i c h n e t that the on the base plate

(2) the connecting construction parts (1) are arranged directly along their edges-leaving rows of feet (3) at a distance (a) from these edges.

5 10. Covering according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized ge - indicates that the length (1) of the pegs (6) protrudes somewhat in the same direction on the plate strips (4a) of the receiving construction part (4) at least along the two longitudinal edges from the base plate (5) with the pegs (6) excessively long ribs (7) are connected.

11. Covering according to one of claims b6 to 9, characterized in that the plate strips 0 (4a) of the receiving construction part (4) are connected directly next to one another in rows arranged one above the other to the support surface.

12. Covering according to one of claims b6 to 9 _? characterized in that the plate strips (4a) of the receiving construction part (4) are closed at a distance (u) above one another from the support surface (a).

13. Covering according to claim 11, characterized in that pins (14) are provided on the ceramic covering plates (8), which protrude from their rear side and consist of their own material and form a unit with the covering plates (8). which fit into the openings provided in the receiving construction parts made of elastically deformable material and fastened to the support surface and which are delimited by elastically deformable material.

_Q 14 covering according to claim 13, characterized gekennzei ch- net, that the pins (14) and the base plate (15) of the lining plates (8) along their edges, and of these at a distance (t) ^'to the edges and to each other are connected in parallel in double rows. 5

15. Covering according to claim 1, dadurςji geenn ¬ records that the attached to the back of the Be¬ cover plate (8) connecting structure part (2) by a base plate and protruding from this outwardly tapering cross-section, having conical pins ( 16) is formed, near the outer end of the same circumferential rings (17) also made of elastically deformable material are provided; the receiving construction part (1) is a perforated plate (18) made from elastically deformable material, the continuous circular openings (90) of which are larger than the diameter of the pin ends of the connecting construction part (20), but smaller than the outside diameter the rings (17). are; the through openings (19) are distributed according to the distribution of the pins (16) and the perforated plate (18) is fixed at a distance (z) from the plane of the support surface.

16. Covering according ^"to claim 15, characterized gekennse ic - net that constructive tion member (40) internally hollow spacer feet are connected (21) to the base plate (18) of the Aufnahmekons-.

17. Covering according to claim 15 or 16, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the pin (16) on the Grundplat¬ te (2) of the connecting structure part (20) and the through openings (19) in the base plate (18) of the up - Take construction part (40) in rows parallel to the edges of the base plates (2, 18) and to one another, on which the entire surface of the base plates (2, 18) are provided distributed.

18. Covering according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized g e- indicates that the receiving construction parts and / or the connecting construction parts are polyurethane or other plastic constructions manufactured according to the injection molding process.